阅读说明：本技术 一种低温休耕期有效改良瓜果类栽培土壤的生态修复方法 (Ecological restoration method for effectively improving melon and fruit cultivation soil in low-temperature fallow period ) 是由 刘亮亮 张晶清 曹琪 朱秀玲 赵军 于 2021-06-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种低温休耕期有效改良瓜果类栽培土壤的生态修复方法,属于土壤修复技术领域,包括以下步骤：S1：将有机物料和促分解剂混合,得到有机制剂,将有机制剂均匀的铺设在待处理土壤表面；S2：向田间灌溉水,待滴灌土壤至最大田间持水量后覆盖塑料薄膜；S3：进行厌氧处理,结束后揭膜,完成对土壤的修复。本发明示例的改良瓜果类栽培土壤的生态修复方法,能对土壤进行有效修复,从而达到有效改良土壤酸化、杀灭尖孢镰刀菌,降低后茬瓜果类枯萎病发病率的目的。(The invention discloses an ecological restoration method for effectively improving melon and fruit cultivation soil in a low-temperature fallow period, which belongs to the technical field of soil restoration and comprises the following steps: s1: mixing the organic material with a decomposition promoter to obtain an organic preparation, and uniformly paving the organic preparation on the surface of the soil to be treated; s2: irrigating water into the field, and covering a plastic film after the soil is subjected to drip irrigation to the maximum field water capacity; s3: and (5) carrying out anaerobic treatment, and uncovering the membrane after the anaerobic treatment is finished to finish the restoration of the soil. The ecological restoration method for improving the melon and fruit cultivation soil can effectively restore the soil, thereby achieving the purposes of effectively improving soil acidification, killing fusarium oxysporum and reducing the incidence rate of blight of succeeding melons and fruits.)

1. An ecological restoration method for effectively improving melon and fruit cultivation soil in a low-temperature fallow period is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: mixing the organic material with a decomposition promoter to obtain an organic preparation, and uniformly paving the organic preparation on the surface of the soil to be treated;

s2: irrigating water into the field, and covering a plastic film after the soil is subjected to drip irrigation to the maximum field water capacity;

s3: and (5) carrying out anaerobic treatment, and uncovering the membrane after the anaerobic treatment is finished to finish the restoration of the soil.

2. The ecological restoration method for effectively improving the soil for cultivating melons and fruits in the low-temperature fallow period as claimed in claim 2, wherein the liquid ammonia water and the field water are uniformly mixed and uniformly drip-irrigated in the organic preparation between the steps S1-S2.

3. The ecological restoration method for effectively improving melon and fruit cultivation soil in low-temperature fallow period as claimed in claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of the organic material, the decomposition promoter and the ammonia water is 75-90: 0-5: 10-20.

4. The ecological restoration method for effectively improving melon and fruit cultivation soil in low-temperature fallow period as claimed in claim 2, wherein the using amount of the organic preparation is 600-1200 kg/mu; the concentration of the mixed ammonia water is 25 percent, and the field dosage is 3L/mu.

5. The ecological restoration method for effectively improving the soil for cultivating melons and fruits in the low-temperature fallow period as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic materials are solid organic materials and/or liquid organic materials.

6. The ecological restoration method for effectively improving the soil for cultivating melons and fruits in the low-temperature fallow period as claimed in claim 5, wherein the water content of the solid organic materials is less than 10%, the total organic carbon TOC is more than 38%, the total organic nitrogen TON is more than 1.0%, the easily decomposed organic carbon EOC is more than 10%, and the fineness is 0.5-2 mm.

7. The ecological restoration method for effectively improving the soil for cultivating melons and fruits in the low-temperature fallow period as claimed in claim 5, wherein the water content of the liquid organic material is less than 40%, the total organic carbon TOC is more than 28%, the total organic nitrogen TON is more than 2.2%, and the easily decomposed organic carbon EOC is more than 18%.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the decomposition-promoting agent is a microorganism comprising one or more of bacillus, functional yeast, fungi, or bacteria.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the decomposition promoter is an organic catalytic substance comprising one or more of chitinase, cellulase, ligninase, or a biomass decomposition enzyme.

10. The ecological restoration method for effectively improving melon and fruit cultivation soil in low-temperature fallow period as claimed in claim 1, wherein the anaerobic treatment time is 3-4 months, and the temperature is 3-12 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation, in particular to an ecological remediation method for effectively improving melon and fruit cultivation soil in a low-temperature fallow period.

Background

The melon and fruit have an important regulation effect on the blood pressure and the blood sugar of a human body, can effectively maintain the sources of nutrient substances such as vitamins and the like required by the human body, and has high nutritional value and economic value. The production of melon and fruit crops in China is the first in the world, the planting area of the melon and fruit crops in China exceeds 210 million hectares since 2015, the total yield reaches 8200 million tons, and accounts for more than 70% of the total yield in the world (Tangmin, Xudebao. the current research situation of melon and fruit and vegetable facility cultivation [ J ], agricultural and technical services, 2019,36(11): 16-18). Therefore, melon and fruit crop planting plays an important role in adjusting agricultural production structure and increasing income of farmers. With the continuous improvement of living standard of people, the consumption of melons and fruits is increased year by year, thereby promoting the development of melons and fruits from a traditional planting mode to a large-scale and intensive planting mode. However, driven by the limitations of the human moraxella and economic benefits, the continuous cropping-characterized planting mode and unreasonable nutrient management lead to increasingly prominent continuous cropping obstacles of soil, such as degradation of physicochemical properties of soil, unbalance of microbial flora, enrichment of plant pathogenic fungi, reduction of beneficial microorganisms and the like, and thus soil-borne diseases are easy to explode (Huangxingchen, Chua ancestor, soil microorganism and crop soil-borne disease control [ J ], Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci, 2017,32(06): 593-600). Wherein, the wilt is the most serious soil-borne disease in the planting process of melon and fruit crops, the incidence rate can reach more than 42 percent in continuous cropping land, the yield is reduced for mild people, and the watermelon wilt disease is extremely seriously harvested (Wu schhong, Wang Xiao Yan, Cao Ke Qiang, etc.. the research progress of comprehensive prevention and treatment of watermelon wilt disease [ J ], plant protection, 2011,37(4):4612 and 4626) severely restricts the sustainable development of melon and fruit industry.

The blight of melon and fruit crops is a worldwide soil-borne disease caused by the exclusive infection of roots by Fusarium oxysporum (Fusarium oxysporum) in the protozoan kingdom, and chlamydospores of the pathogenic bacteria can still survive in soil for 10 years without the existence of host plants. Therefore, once the Soil is infected by the pathogenic bacteria, it is no longer suitable for cultivation of melon and fruit crops (Liu LL, Chen SH, ZHao J, et al. Watermelon planting is able to regulate the Soil microorganism and thus regulate Soil fertility [ J ], Applied Soil Ecology,2018, 52-60). In addition, fusarium oxysporum also has the characteristics of strong infectivity, multiple transmission ways, high transmission speed and the like, so that the prevention and control are difficult.

At present, measures for preventing and controlling blight of melon and fruit crops in production mainly start from two aspects of crops and soil improvement. The crop improvement measures mainly comprise breeding resistant varieties and stock grafting, wherein the breeding resistant varieties have long period and great difficulty, and the disease is difficult to effectively stop at present (Lvxiangjiang, Liqing Ping, Fanshuying. watermelon fusarium wilt comprehensive prevention and treatment research progress, northern horticulture 2015, (6): 187-190); the rootstock grafting technology develops rapidly in the process of cultivating melon and fruit crops in recent years in China, and can reduce the occurrence of blight to a certain extent, but the selection of rootstocks also has different influences on the quality of the crops (Lepidium roseum, Laiyeyuoyun, Yiquansheng, and the like). Soil improvement measures mainly comprise applying a microbial agent and chemical fumigation of soil, wherein antagonism, competition and the like among microorganisms are utilized to screen beneficial microorganisms with Fusarium oxysporum inhibition activity, and the beneficial microorganisms are processed into the microbial agent to be applied to fields to become common agricultural measures, but as the applied microbial agent belongs to exogenous additives and needs to be continuously adapted to the soil environment and the rejection of indigenous microorganisms in the colonization process, the phenomena of quantity reduction and poor prevention and control effects are also frequently generated (Zhu JX, Tan TM, Shen AR, et al, biocontrol potential of Bacillus subtilis IBFCBF-4against fungal contamination of waterborne dosage [ J ], Journal of Plant Pathology,2020,2: 433-; chemical fumigation of soil is still the most direct and effective means for preventing and controlling blight at present, and the fumigants used in the chemical fumigation of soil mainly comprise methyl bromide, chloropicrin, dazomet and the like, but because of high application frequency and large application amount of the fumigants, the fumigants are easy to accumulate in soil, seriously threaten the safety of agricultural products and human health, and are in violation of national green ecological agriculture (Gamliel A, Miiram A, Kritzman G.non-chemical improvement to soil pest management-organic evaluation [ J ], Crop Protection, 2000,19(8):847 and 853). In addition, high temperature has been considered as one of the important factors for effectively repairing the continuous cropping obstacles of soil, most of the soil improvement technologies are carried out in the period of summer fallow period, and the soil improvement measures and effects thereof in the period of low temperature fallow period are not yet discovered, which is also an important reason for the frequent occurrence of soil-borne diseases of spring crops.

With the continuous expansion of the planting area of melons and fruits, the blight brings great threat to the safe production of melons and fruits in China. Therefore, the invention provides an ecological method for effectively preventing and controlling the blight of melons and fruits at low-temperature fallow period and other seasons.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an ecological restoration method for effectively improving melon and fruit cultivation soil in a low-temperature fallow period, which can effectively restore the soil, thereby achieving the purposes of effectively improving soil acidification, killing fusarium oxysporum and reducing the incidence rate of blight of succeeding melons and fruits.

The ecological restoration method for effectively improving the melon and fruit cultivation soil in the low-temperature fallow period comprises the following steps:

s1: mixing the organic material with a decomposition promoter to obtain an organic preparation, and uniformly paving the organic preparation on the surface of the soil to be treated;

s2: irrigating water into the field, and covering a plastic film after the soil is subjected to drip irrigation to the maximum field water capacity;

s3: and (5) carrying out anaerobic treatment, and uncovering the membrane after the anaerobic treatment is finished to finish the restoration of the soil.

Further, between the steps S1-S2, the liquid ammonia water and the field water are mixed uniformly and are dripped into the organic preparation uniformly.

Furthermore, the mass ratio of the organic material to the decomposition accelerator to the ammonia water is 75-90: 0-5: 10-20.

Further, the using amount of the organic preparation in the field is 600-1200 kg/mu; the concentration of the ammonia water is 25%, and the field dosage is 3L/mu.

Further, the organic material is a solid organic material and/or a liquid organic material.

Further, the water content of the solid organic material is less than 10%, the total organic carbon TOC is more than 38%, the total organic nitrogen TON is more than 1.0%, the easily-decomposed organic carbon EOC is more than 10%, and the fineness is 0.5-2 mm;

or the water content of the liquid organic material is less than 40%, the total organic carbon TOC is more than 28%, the total organic nitrogen TON is more than 2.2%, and the easily-decomposed organic carbon EOC is more than 18%.

Further, the decomposition promoting agent is a microorganism, and the microorganism comprises one or more of bacillus, functional yeast, fungi or bacteria.

Specifically, the fungus is aspergillus, and the like, and the bacterium is actinomycetes, and the like.

Further, the decomposition promoting agent is an organic catalytic substance, and the organic catalytic substance comprises one or more of chitinase, cellulase, ligninase or biomass decomposition enzyme.

Further, the anaerobic treatment time is 3-4 months, and the temperature is 3-12 ℃.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention aims at the characteristics that after continuous cropping and unreasonable fertilization of melon and fruit crops, the physical and chemical properties of soil are degraded, the quantity of fusarium oxysporum and the incidence rate of blight caused by the fusarium oxysporum are obviously increased, and the yield, the quality and other safety production characteristics of the melon and fruit crops are seriously influenced, the invention is improved with the soil, under the stimulation of an organic preparation, the invention can accelerate the creation of a strong soil reduction environment in an anaerobic environment, the microorganisms with an anaerobic function grow and reproduce rapidly, and a large amount of ammonia gas and organic acid are generated in a short period, thereby achieving the purposes of effectively improving soil acidification, killing fusarium oxysporum and reducing the incidence rate of blight of the succeeding melons and fruits; the restoration method disclosed by the invention is ecological and environment-friendly, has strong comprehensive effect, and is suitable for plots with high incidence of soil degradation and blight after continuous cropping of various melons, fruits and vegetables.

Drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments thereof, made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a bar graph of the effect of organic preparation treatment of alfalfa on watermelon yield;

FIG. 2 is a bar graph showing the effect of treatment of organic alfalfa mixed with ammonia on watermelon yield;

FIG. 3 is a bar graph showing the effect of sucrose fermentation broth organic preparation treatment on watermelon yield;

FIG. 4 is a bar graph showing the effect of treatment of sucrose fermentation broth organic preparation mixed with ammonia water on watermelon yield.

Detailed Description

The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the relevant invention and not restrictive of the invention. It should be noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

1. Obtaining alfalfa, sucrose fermentation liquor and ammonia water

The alfalfa, the sucrose fermentation liquid and the ammonia water are purchased from the market, wherein the Total Organic Carbon (TOC) of the alfalfa is 399.1g/kg, the Total Nitrogen (TN) is 13.45g/kg, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N) is 29.67; the water content of the sucrose fermentation liquid is 15.3%, the total carbon (TOC) is 380.17g/kg, the Total Nitrogen (TN) is 26.34g/kg, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N) is 14.43; the concentration of ammonia water is 25%.

2. Preparation of organic preparations with different proportions

2.1 preparation of organic preparation of Medicago sativa

1) The alfalfa is crushed to a particle size of less than 2mm and then is used as a solid organic raw material, and the technical indexes of the solid organic raw material are as follows: water content: 7%, total organic carbon TOC: 40%, total organic nitrogen TON: 1.3%, easily decomposed organic carbon EOC: 14 percent;

2) mixing Aspergillus and Bacillus (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) which are special microorganisms separated in a laboratory according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to be used as a decomposition promoting agent;

3) the mass percent of the decomposition accelerator accounts for 1 percent, and the balance is the organic raw material of the alfalfa accounts for 99 percent;

4) and (3) fully and uniformly mixing the raw materials, drying at the rotation speed of 100-200 r/min at 70-100 ℃ for 10-60 min, and naturally cooling at room temperature for 10-60 min to obtain the alfalfa organic preparation, wherein the field dosage is 600-1200 kg/mu.

2.2 preparation of organic preparation of alfalfa Mixed Ammonia Water

1) Pulverizing alfalfa to a particle size of less than 2mm, and taking the pulverized alfalfa as a solid raw material;

2) mixing Aspergillus and Bacillus (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) which are special microorganisms separated in a laboratory according to the mass ratio of 50:50 to be used as ingredients for promoting decomposition;

3) the decomposition accelerator accounts for 1 percent and the alfalfa raw material accounts for 99 percent by mass;

4) mixing the raw materials, mixing the raw materials at a rotating speed of 100-200 rpm, drying and concentrating at 70-100 ℃ for 10-60 min, and naturally cooling at room temperature for 10-60 min to obtain an organic alfalfa preparation;

5) when the organic preparation is treated, the obtained organic preparation of the alfalfa is uniformly paved on the surface of a soil layer, ammonia water is diluted by 1000 times by using field water and is uniformly sprayed in the organic preparation of the alfalfa to serve as the organic preparation of the mixed ammonia water of the alfalfa, wherein the percentage and the dosage of the ammonia water in the total mass of the ammonia water and the organic preparation are respectively 20% and 3L/mu, and the dosage of the organic preparation of the alfalfa is 600-1200 kg/mu.

2.3 preparation of organic preparation of sucrose fermentation broth

1) The sucrose fermentation liquid is used as a liquid organic raw material, and the technical indexes of the liquid organic raw material are as follows: water content: 15%, total organic carbon TOC: 40%, total organic nitrogen TON: 3.8%, easily decomposed organic carbon EOC: 20 percent;

2) mixing functional yeast, cellulase and chitinase according to the mass ratio of 1:1:1 to be used as a decomposition promoter;

3) the mass percent of the decomposition promoting agent accounts for 5 percent, and the balance is the sucrose fermentation liquor;

4) and (3) fully and uniformly mixing the raw materials, drying at 70-100 ℃ for 10-60 min at the rotating speed of 100-200 r/min, and naturally cooling at room temperature for 10-60 min to obtain the sucrose fermentation liquid organic preparation, wherein the field dosage is 600-1200 kg/mu.

2.4 preparation of sucrose fermentation broth organic preparation Mixed Ammonia Water

1) The sucrose fermentation liquid is used as a liquid organic raw material, and the technical indexes of the liquid organic raw material are as follows: water content: 15%, total organic carbon TOC: 40%, total organic nitrogen TON: 3.8%, easily decomposed organic carbon EOC: 20 percent;

2) mixing functional yeast, cellulase and chitinase according to the mass ratio of 1:1:1 to be used as a decomposition promoter;

3) the mass percentage of the decomposition accelerator is 5 percent, and the mass percentage of the sucrose fermentation liquor is 95 percent;

4) fully mixing the raw materials uniformly at the rotating speed of 100-200 revolutions per minute, drying at 70-100 ℃ for 10-60 min, and naturally cooling at room temperature for 10-60 min to obtain a sucrose fermentation liquid organic preparation;

5) during treatment, uniformly spraying the obtained sucrose fermentation liquid organic preparation on the surface of a soil layer, diluting ammonia water by 1000 times with field water, uniformly spraying the diluted ammonia water into the sucrose fermentation liquid organic preparation as a sucrose fermentation liquid mixed ammonia water organic preparation, wherein the percentage and the dosage of the ammonia water in the total mass of the ammonia water and the organic preparation are respectively 10% and 3L/mu, and the dosage of the sucrose fermentation liquid organic preparation is 600-1200 kg/mu.

3. Examples of the embodiments

Example 1:

and (3) carrying out wilt prevention and control effect experiments on the watermelon soil for four years in continuous cropping by using the alfalfa organic preparation prepared in the step 2.1.

1) General description of the test site

The test is located in a watermelon planting demonstration land of Union institute of Union, Anhui province, the land has four years of watermelon planting history, the incidence rate of blight is more than 60%, and the yield is seriously reduced. Before the test treatment, the basic physicochemical properties of the cultivated soil layer (0-20cm) are pH 5.24, organic carbon 13.86g/kg, total organic nitrogen 0.61 g/kg, ammoniacal nitrogen 10.03mg/kg, nitrate nitrogen 58.17mg/kg and carbon-nitrogen ratio 25.74.

2) Design of experiments

240kg of cultivated soil is adopted in the land, mixed evenly and sieved by a 2mm sieve for standby. The experiment was set up for two treatments in total:

1)4kg of soil was filled in a 18X 20cm plastic pot, Control (CK) without any treatment;

2) treating organic preparation of herba Medicaginis, mixing organic preparation of herba Medicaginis powder 1200 kg/mu with 4kg soil, placing into plastic basin, flooding to maximum water holding capacity, and coating with film (AL 1). Each treatment was repeated 3 times, each repetition containing 10 pots, distributed in a random arrangement. The anaerobic treatment period is from 12 middle ten days to 4 middle ten days, and the temperature in the treatment process is-0.1-10.9 ℃.

3) Quantitative analysis of Fusarium oxysporum in soil

The amount of Fusarium oxysporum in Soil was determined with reference to our earlier literature (Liu LL, Chen SH, ZHao J, et al. Watermelon planting is capable of mapping to the Soil microorganism treated by reduced Soil induction [ J ], Applied Soil Ecology,2018, 52-60).

4) Determination of watermelon yield and blight morbidity

After the soil treatment is finished, the soil is dried for one week, watermelons are normally planted, after 3 months of planting, the fruiting weight of each plant is counted, and the yield is calculated; and calculating the morbidity of the blight according to the formula of (death number of watermelon plants/10) × 100 percent).

5) Test results

As shown in tables 1 and 2, compared with CK, the treatment of the organic preparation of the alfalfa powder can not only effectively reduce the number of fusarium oxysporum in the continuous cropping soil of watermelons, and the sterilization rate is as high as 89.05%, but also effectively prevent and control the occurrence of fusarium wilt of the watermelons, and the prevention and control effect is 63.16%. In addition, as shown in fig. 1, the organic preparation treatment of alfalfa powder can significantly improve the watermelon yield, and compared with CK, the yield in the AL1 treatment is increased by 204%.

TABLE 1 influence of example 1 on the fungicidal Rate of Fusarium oxysporum in watermelon continuous cropping soil

TABLE 2 influence of example 1 on controlling effect on watermelon fusarium wilt

Note: different letters represent that the incidence of blight varies significantly between treatments.

Example 2

And (3) carrying out wilt prevention and control effect experiments on the watermelon soil for four years in continuous cropping by using the alfalfa organic preparation mixed ammonia water obtained in the step 2.2.

1) General description of the test site

Experimental overview as described in example 1.

2) Design of experiments

240kg of cultivated soil is adopted in the land, mixed evenly and sieved by a 2mm sieve for standby. The experiment was set up for two treatments in total:

1)4kg of soil was filled in a 18X 20cm plastic pot, Control (CK) without any treatment;

2) treating the organic preparation of the alfalfa, uniformly mixing 1000 kg/mu of the organic preparation of the alfalfa powder into 4kg of soil, putting the mixture into a plastic basin, mixing ammonia water and field water, diluting to 0.25%, irrigating the soil to the maximum field water capacity, and coating (AL1+ AM 1). Each treatment was repeated 3 times, each repetition containing 10 pots, distributed in a random arrangement. The anaerobic treatment period is from 12 middle ten days to 4 middle ten days, and the temperature in the treatment process is-0.1-10.9 ℃.

3) Quantitative analysis of Fusarium oxysporum in soil

Quantitative analysis of Fusarium oxysporum in soil was as described in example 1.

4) Determination of watermelon yield and blight morbidity

Watermelon yield and blast incidence were determined as described in example 1.

5) Test results

As shown in tables 3 and 4, compared with CK, the treatment of the organic alfalfa powder preparation mixed with ammonia water can not only effectively reduce the number of fusarium oxysporum in the continuous cropping soil of watermelons, and the sterilization rate is as high as 94.14%, but also effectively prevent and control the occurrence of watermelon fusarium wilt, and the prevention and control effect is as high as 84.21%. As shown in figure 2, the yield of the watermelon can be remarkably improved by the treatment of the organic preparation of the alfalfa powder mixed with the ammonia water, and compared with CK, the yield is increased by 250% in the treatment of AL1+ AM 1. In addition, the effect of adding the AL1+ AM1 organic preparation on preventing and controlling fusarium oxysporum and fusarium wilt and the effect on watermelon yield are far higher than that of adding the AM1 organic preparation.

TABLE 3 influence of example 2 on the fungicidal efficiency of Fusarium oxysporum in watermelon continuous cropping soil

TABLE 4 influence of example 2 on the controlling effect on the blight of watermelon

Example 3:

and (3) carrying out wilt prevention and control effect experiments on watermelon soil for four years in continuous cropping by using the sucrose fermentation liquid organic preparation prepared in the step 2.3.

1) General description of the test site

Experimental overview as described in example 1.

2) Design of experiments

240kg of cultivated soil is adopted in the land, mixed evenly and sieved by a 2mm sieve for standby. The experiment was set up for two treatments in total:

1)4kg of soil was filled in a 18X 20cm plastic pot, Control (CK) without any treatment;

2) treating the sucrose fermentation liquid organic preparation, uniformly mixing 1200 kg/mu of the sucrose fermentation liquid organic preparation into 4kg of soil, filling into a plastic basin, submerging to the maximum water holding capacity of the field, and coating (AL 2). Each treatment was repeated 3 times, each repetition containing 10 pots, distributed in a random arrangement. The anaerobic treatment period is from 12 middle ten days to 4 middle ten days, and the temperature in the treatment process is-0.1-10.9 ℃.

3) Quantitative analysis of Fusarium oxysporum in soil

Quantitative analysis of Fusarium oxysporum in soil was as described in example 1.

4) Determination of watermelon yield and blight morbidity

Watermelon yield and blast incidence were determined as described in example 1.

5) Test results

As shown in tables 5 and 6, compared with CK, the treatment of the sucrose fermentation broth organic preparation can not only effectively reduce the number of fusarium oxysporum in the continuous cropping soil of watermelon, and the sterilization rate is 84.14%, but also effectively prevent and control the occurrence of watermelon fusarium wilt, and the prevention and control effect is 63.16%. As shown in FIG. 3, the yield of watermelon can be remarkably improved by treating the sucrose fermentation broth with an organic preparation, and compared with CK, the yield in AL2 treatment is increased by 180%.

TABLE 5 influence of example 3 on the fungicidal Rate of Fusarium oxysporum in watermelon continuous cropping soil

TABLE 6 influence of example 3 on the controlling effect on the blight of watermelon

Example 4:

experiments on the prevention and control effect of the blight in the watermelon soil for four years of continuous cropping are carried out by using the sucrose fermentation liquid organic preparation prepared in the step 2.4 and mixed with ammonia water.

1) General description of the test site

Experimental overview as described in example 1.

2) Design of experiments

240kg of cultivated soil is adopted in the land, mixed evenly and sieved by a 2mm sieve for standby. The experiment was set up for two treatments in total:

1)4kg of soil was filled in a 18X 20cm plastic pot, Control (CK) without any treatment;

2) treating the sucrose fermentation liquid organic preparation, uniformly mixing 600 kg/mu of the sucrose fermentation liquid organic preparation into 4kg of soil, then filling into a plastic basin, mixing ammonia water and field water, diluting to 0.25%, flooding to the maximum field water holding capacity, and coating (AL2+ AM 2). Each treatment was repeated 3 times, each repetition containing 10 pots, distributed in a random arrangement. The anaerobic treatment period is from 12 middle ten days to 4 middle ten days, and the temperature in the treatment process is-0.1-10.9 ℃.

3) Quantitative analysis of Fusarium oxysporum in soil

Quantitative analysis of Fusarium oxysporum in soil was as described in example 1.

4) Determination of watermelon yield and blight morbidity

Watermelon yield and blast incidence were determined as described in example 1.

5) Test results

As shown in Table 7 and Table 8, compared with CK, the treatment of the sucrose fermentation broth organic preparation can not only effectively reduce the amount of fusarium oxysporum in the continuous cropping soil of watermelon, and the sterilization rate is 91.35%, but also effectively prevent and control the occurrence of watermelon fusarium wilt, and the prevention and control effect is 78.95%. As shown in FIG. 4, the yield of watermelon can be remarkably improved by treating the sucrose fermentation broth with organic preparation mixed with ammonia water, and compared with CK, the yield in AL2+ AM2 treatment is increased by 226%.

TABLE 7 influence of example 4 on the fungicidal Rate of Fusarium oxysporum in watermelon continuous cropping soil

TABLE 8 influence of example 4 on the controlling effect on the blight of watermelon

It will be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that the scope of the invention as referred to in the present application is not limited to the embodiments with a specific combination of the above-mentioned features, but also covers other embodiments with any combination of the above-mentioned features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the above features may be replaced with (but not limited to) features having similar functions disclosed in the present application.