阅读说明：本技术 一种唐卡漆画温感变色制作工艺及温感变色的唐卡漆画 (Temp-sensing color-changing making process for Thangka lacquer painting and Temp-sensing color-changing Thangka lacquer painting ) 是由 崔玉英 张立峰 陈秀梅 何微 陈丰 何肃先 唐顺枝 仁青郎加 于 2021-10-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于唐卡漆画制作技术领域,更具体地涉及一种唐卡漆画温感变色制作工艺,以及由该制作工艺得到的温感变色的唐卡漆画。通过将撒粉、固粉和填色、调肌理步骤中,应用所述感温粉,改变了唐卡漆画制作之后即一成不变的艺术效果,使之在人手触摸、光照或环境升温使唐卡漆画相应升温情况下,发生感温变色,在温度恢复情况下又恢复原色的多元化艺术效果,增添了唐卡漆画的审美趣味。本发明提供的温感变色的唐卡漆画解决了唐卡不可触摸、怕水和保护难等技术问题,使唐卡漆画可反复呈现变色效果,拓宽了唐卡漆画的市场空间,更增强了唐卡的可观赏性和审美性。(The invention belongs to the technical field of Thangka lacquer painting manufacturing, and particularly relates to a Thangka lacquer painting temperature-sensitive color-changing manufacturing process and a Thangka lacquer painting with temperature-sensitive color-changing obtained by the manufacturing process. The temperature sensing powder is applied in the steps of powder scattering, powder fixing, color filling and texture adjusting, so that the unchanged artistic effect of the Thangka lacquer painting after being manufactured is changed, the Thangka lacquer painting is subjected to temperature sensing and color changing under the condition that the temperature of a human hand is correspondingly increased by touch, illumination or environmental temperature rise, the diversified artistic effect of primary colors is recovered under the condition of temperature recovery, and the aesthetic interest of the Thangka lacquer painting is added. The Thangka lacquer painting with the temperature-sensitive color change solves the technical problems of untouchable Thangka, water intolerance, difficult protection and the like, can repeatedly show the color change effect, widens the market space of the Thangka lacquer painting, and further enhances the ornamental property and aesthetic property of the Thangka.)

1. The temperature-sensitive color-changing manufacturing process of the Thangka lacquer painting is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

copying an upper plate: fixing the Thangka rough sketch with the preset pattern on carbon paper, and fixedly paving the carbon paper on a painting board to draw the Thangka rough sketch with the preset pattern;

inlaying: adhering a substance to be embedded on the lacquer drawing board by using lacquer;

powder spreading: paving a first color paint, blending, drying and grinding a diluent, a transparent paint and a temperature sensing powder according to a weight ratio of 7:1.5:2.5 to obtain mixed powder, scattering the mixed powder, wherein the thickness of the mixed powder is 400-600 meshes, and after drying, uniformly mixing the diluent, the transparent paint and the temperature sensing powder according to a weight ratio of 7:1.5:2.5 to prepare the temperature sensing color paint for fixing and texturing;

and (3) stacking and drawing: performing heap-painting with the first colored paint;

color filling and texture adjusting: uniformly mixing a diluent and the temperature sensing powder in a weight ratio of 8.5:2.5 to obtain a temperature sensing color changing paint, and coating a coat with the temperature sensing color changing paint; and

and drawing a paint layer, drying in shade, polishing, covering gold, covering paint, polishing, cleaning, and removing blue and green.

2. The Thangka lacquer painting temperature-sensitive color-changing manufacturing process according to claim 1, wherein the temperature-sensitive powder is microcapsule temperature-sensitive color-changing powder prepared by mixing color master batch and polyethylene wax or polystyrene wax in a weight ratio of 1: 10.

3. The Thangka lacquer painting thermochromic manufacturing process according to claim 2, wherein the microcapsule thermochromic powder has a size of 2-7 μm in average diameter.

4. The Thangka lacquer painting thermochromic manufacturing process according to claim 3, wherein the microcapsule thermochromic powder comprises an inner color-changing substance and an outer microcapsule shell, and the thickness of the microcapsule shell is 0.2-0.5 μm.

5. The temperature-sensitive color-changing manufacturing process of the Thangka lacquer painting according to claim 1, wherein the lacquer painting board is made of one of wood, cloth, leather, metal and bamboo.

6. The thermochromic manufacturing process of claim 1, wherein the substance to be inlaid is obtained by crushing at least one of a jewel, a jade, a shell, a mother-of-pear, and an eggshell to a predetermined size.

7. The Thangka lacquer painting temperature-sensitive color-changing manufacturing process according to claim 1, wherein the piling and drawing step is to pile the thickness of 1-2mm by using a technique of dill drawing, paint splashing, gold-like silver, foil pasting or gold-silver-copper powder scattering.

8. The Thangka lacquer painting temperature-sensitive color-changing manufacturing process according to claim 1, wherein in the color filling and texture adjusting step, adjacent colors, same colors, contrasting colors or complementary colors are used for coating the coat of lacquer, and the coat of lacquer is coated next time after the coat of lacquer is dried in the shade.

9. The Thangka lacquer painting temperature-sensitive color-changing manufacturing process as claimed in claim 1, wherein 400-mesh 5000-mesh waterproof abrasive paper, a grinding vehicle, a small wood block, a grinding machine and/or a rag are adopted for grinding and painting, so that pre-buried texture effects and colors are displayed.

10. The Thangka lacquer painting with the temperature-sensitive color change is characterized by being manufactured by the Thangka lacquer painting temperature-sensitive color change manufacturing process according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of Thangka lacquer painting manufacturing, and particularly relates to a Thangka lacquer painting temperature-sensitive color-changing manufacturing process and a Thangka lacquer painting with temperature-sensitive color-changing obtained by the manufacturing process.

Background

The Thangka is also called scroll Buddha painting and Tibetan cloth painting, is a direct drawing method mainly based on line shading and dyeing, and is a unique painting art form in Tibetan culture. The lacquer process has 8000 years of cultural history, and the application of the lacquer in the traditional process can be seen as early as the decorative ornamentation on the bow and arrow of the Xiao shan Qu floating bridge in Zhejiang. The lacquer painting integrates various expression techniques such as inlaying, stacking, polishing and the like on the basis of inheriting the traditional lacquer process. The 'Thangka lacquer painting' produced by the grafting of two thousand-year non-heritage cultures is expressed in a painting form finished by a lacquer painting process by using the traditional pattern of Thangka, and becomes a new artistic form. The Thangka lacquer painting widens the expression technique of painting, has richer color levels of the painting, stronger expressive force and infectivity, and solves the problems of untouchable feeling, water intolerance, short storage life and the like of the traditional Thangka. However, with the development of consumer aesthetic taste and diversified appreciation interest, further research is needed to break through the technology that the color level of the Thangka lacquer painting is fixed and unchanged for a long time.

The temperature-sensitive color-changing coating is a functional coating which takes reversible temperature-sensitive color-changing materials as pigments, changes color under the excitation of external conditions, and recovers the original color after an excitation source is removed. The temperature-sensitive color-changing coating is usually used in the aspects of garment cloth printing, ceramic mug, printing and dyeing coating, plastic injection and the like, but because the stability of the existing temperature-sensitive color-changing coating is poor and the stability and the adhesiveness of the existing temperature-sensitive color-changing coating cannot be improved in a printing process, the color-changing effect of the temperature-sensitive color-changing garments, the mug and the like on the market at present is not good, and the color-changing times are few. In addition, the color uniformity of the color-changeable plastic products is not ideal due to the uneven dispersion of the temperature-sensitive color-changing pigment in the plastic injection process.

As a new artistic form, the adopted pigment has rich colors, and compared with printing pigment, printing and dyeing paint and paint for ceramic mug on the cloth of the produced clothes, the pigment of the Thangka lacquer painting is expected to have stronger color persistence.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above technical problems in the background art, it is desirable to provide a temperature-sensitive color-changing manufacturing process for a Thangka lacquer painting and a temperature-sensitive color-changing Thangka lacquer painting obtained by the manufacturing process, wherein the temperature-sensitive color-changing manufacturing process for the Thangka lacquer painting needs to meet the technical requirement of uniformly blending temperature-sensitive toner with the color paint and the toner used for originally manufacturing the Thangka lacquer painting, and simultaneously can meet the color change of the Thangka lacquer painting under the condition of temperature change of 0-40 ℃ or temperature rise by irradiation of visible light, and the change is effective and reversible for a long time.

In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect of the invention, the inventors provide a Thangka lacquer painting temperature-sensitive color-changing manufacturing process, comprising the following steps:

copying an upper plate: fixing the Thangka rough sketch with the preset pattern on carbon paper, and fixedly paving the carbon paper on a painting board to draw the Thangka rough sketch with the preset pattern;

inlaying: adhering a substance to be embedded on the lacquer drawing board by using lacquer;

powder spreading: paving a first color paint, blending, drying and grinding a diluent, a transparent paint and a temperature sensing powder according to a weight ratio of 7:1.5:2.5 to obtain mixed powder, scattering the mixed powder, wherein the thickness of the mixed powder is 400-600 meshes, and after drying, uniformly mixing the diluent, the transparent paint and the temperature sensing powder according to a weight ratio of 7:1.5:2.5 to prepare the temperature sensing color paint for fixing and texturing;

and (3) stacking and drawing: performing heap-painting with the first colored paint;

color filling and texture adjusting: uniformly mixing a diluent and the temperature sensing powder in a weight ratio of 8.5:2.5 to obtain a temperature sensing color changing paint, and coating a coat with the temperature sensing color changing paint; and drawing a paint layer, drying in shade, polishing, covering gold, covering paint, polishing, regular script and removing blue and green in sequence.

The cross-border fusion of the Thangka and lacquer painting process needs to be made by integrating the respective characteristics of the two artistic forms. Firstly, the Thangka work rough sketch with preset patterns and colors is made through spray painting or manual creation, a paint drawing board with the same size as the Thangka work rough sketch is customized, and the paint drawing board is generally black. Secondly, the flatness of the painted board is checked, stains, small particles, concave-convex pits and right-angle side stains on the board surface are cleaned, and the painted board can be finely ground by No. 2000 abrasive paper if the original requirement that the flatness of the painted board cannot meet is met. Then, the carbon paper is laid on the flat lacquer painting board, if the spliced carbon paper needs to be paid attention to the seam of the carbon paper, the carbon paper can be overlapped but cannot have a space, and the carbon paper is fixed. And then fixing the Thangka painting manuscript on carbon paper to prevent the Thangka painting manuscript from shifting. And then, copying the Thangka painting draft onto a painting board by using a ball-point pen. The drawing cannot be too light to clearly rub the patterns on the Thangka lacquer painting on the lacquer drawing board. Because the tangka has rich line shapes, the integrity of the tangka needs to be observed while tracing the line, and attention should be paid to: besides line drawing, the method is not pressed on the Thangka manuscript so as to avoid unnecessary print. And after all lines are drawn, uncovering a part of the Thangka manuscript and the carbon paper, further checking the integrity and the definition of the drawn dark blue print, and determining that the all lines can be uncovered. Then, a little industrial aluminum, silver or copper powder is dipped by cotton, and the lines rubbed on the lacquer painting plate are lightly wiped to show the rubbed image. If the base color of the paint drawing board is required, two or more layers of colored paint can be covered on the paint drawing board, and the board loading step of copying is started after the paint drawing board is ground to be flat.

The inlaying step is to stick the materials of jewel, jade, shell, mother-of-pearl and eggshell on the lacquer painting plate by lacquer, which needs drying time and also needs to be covered by other colored lacquer, so the fixing is good.

The powder used in the traditional powder scattering operation comprises paint powder, eggshell powder, carbon powder, tile ash, flash powder and the like, and the invention is characterized in that a diluent, a transparent paint and a temperature sensing powder are blended, dried and ground into mixed powder with the fineness of 400-plus-600 meshes according to the weight ratio of 7:1.5:2.5, and the mixed powder is scattered on a first paint bottom, and after the mixed powder is dried, the diluent, the transparent paint and the temperature sensing powder are uniformly mixed according to the weight ratio of 7:1.5:2.5 to be prepared into the temperature sensing paint for fixing and texturing; the raw materials and tools required are: colored paint, various powders, sieves, bamboo tubes, pens, row brushes and the like. The specific operation of dusting can be selected from one of the following three types:

(1) uniformly spraying: spreading the colored paint on the bottom, spraying the colored paint by hand in a small area, and spraying the colored paint on the high position; the screen with the corresponding mesh number is used for sprinkling to adjust the density of the large area;

(2) gradual sprinkling method: spreading colored paint, after uniformly spraying the powder, lightly sweeping the paint powder outside the pattern into the spread colored paint by using a pen or a row brush to ensure that the edge gradually changes to the center; the density distribution of the graph can be controlled by a sieve to generate gradual change;

(3) mixing and sprinkling method: after the colored paint is colored, more than two kinds of toner are mixed and then are sprinkled; the areas with the colored paint can be accurately sprayed by using a bamboo tube; the toners with different thicknesses are sprayed in the order of thickness first and thickness second.

The graining operation can adopt one of direct graining, film graining or press graining.

The temperature sensing powder is a common temperature changing pigment (or temperature changing pigment) and is tiny particles which show a specific color at a specific temperature. Each particle is composed of tiny color-changing capsule units, and the capsules contain organic acid, solvent and colorant. When the ambient temperature is lower than the melting point of the solvent, the colorant is combined with the organic acid and is in a colored state; when the ambient temperature is higher than the melting point of the solvent, the colorant is separated from the organic acid and is in a colorless state.

The temperature change unit changes from colored to colorless under the action of heat, and determines the final color of the pigment. The color of the temperature-changing unit is generally blue, black, red, green, yellow, etc. The temperature-sensitive pigments can be mixed with conventional pigments to achieve the effect of changing from one color to another. For example, a red color-changing pigment mixed with a common pigment can produce an effect of changing from orange to yellow.

Due to the specific structure of the temperature-change pigment, the covering power and the color matching performance of the pigment are different from those of organic pigments, and strong ultraviolet irradiation and long-time high-temperature state are avoided. At present, the special color-changing effect of the temperature-changing pigment is often applied to articles such as cups, printing, textile printing and dyeing, toys for children and the like, so that the cups can show different color and pattern effect changes along with the temperature change of liquid in the cups. Because the reversible thermochromic pigment is an unstable system, the light resistance, heat resistance and aging resistance of the reversible thermochromic pigment are far inferior to those of common pigments. In the aspect of manufacturing the Thangka lacquer painting, how to match the temperature-changing pigment with common lacquer powder or colored paint to ensure that the obtained mixed powder of the lacquer powder and the temperature sensing powder has excellent color mixing and uniformity performance and the obtained temperature sensing colored paint has excellent covering power is a technical problem to be solved by the invention. In addition, as a technical work, the display is difficult to avoid the irradiation of ultraviolet rays, and the key direction of the invention is how to maintain the sensitive temperature-sensitive color-changing effect for long-term display. Through a large amount of long-term experimental searches of the inventor, the inventor finds that under the weight ratio of the lacquer powder to the temperature sensing powder and the weight ratio of the diluent, the transparent paint and the temperature sensing powder, the lacquer powder can not cover the temperature sensing discoloration effect of the temperature sensing powder under the special manufacturing process for manufacturing the Thangka lacquer painting, the light resistance, the heat resistance and the aging resistance of the temperature sensing powder can be optimized by the matching of the diluent and the transparent paint, and the Thangka lacquer painting manufactured by containing the temperature sensing pigment can show the discoloration effect under the condition of small temperature change (temperature change below 0.5 ℃).

And (3) stacking and drawing: the first color paint is used for piling and drawing, the thick spot color paint can be directly used for piling up, and lines or color blocks can be piled up once or for multiple times to generate a certain height. Until the paint layer can be polished to the required color, the dots, lines or surfaces can be displayed.

In the steps of color filling and texture adjusting, a diluent and the temperature sensing powder are uniformly mixed according to the weight ratio of 8.5:2.5 to obtain the thermochromic color-changing paint, the texture effect of the bottom layer is further corrected by combining complicated and fussy patterns of the Thangka lacquer painting, the integral body, color, concave-convex texture and thickness of the paint layer are concerned, the thermochromic color-changing paint is used for painting the lacquer coat once or more times, and the lacquer coat is painted with the next coat after being shaded and dried after each coat of lacquer coat. The coat with lacquer is coated and grinded for a plurality of times, and the texture is more abundant. The technique of adjusting the texture can be performed by techniques such as dill painting (including flat dill painting and high dill painting), paint splashing, gold-simulated silver, gold-silver copper foil pasting, gold-silver copper powder spraying and the like.

And drawing a paint layer, drying in shade, polishing, covering gold, covering paint, polishing, cleaning, and removing blue and green. And (3) drawing on the paint layer, repeatedly adjusting complex color relation through integral control, performing partial or integral polishing after completely shading, paying attention to the pre-embedded texture color shape in the early stage, and whether the expected effect is achieved. The finishing paint comprises a local finishing paint and an integral finishing paint, pre-buried textures and the textures after being coated are covered by red brocade, transparent paint or tinting paint, one or more times of finishing paint can be carried out, the transparent paint and the thermochromic tinting paint of the lower paint layer are combined to generate rich visual effect, and the color layer generates a heavy feeling after polishing. The gold covering is to cover a part or the whole with thin transparent paint, scatter fine gold, silver and aluminum powder on the transparent paint or stick foil on the transparent paint in a semi-dry and non-dry state, and then cover a layer of red brocade or transparent paint. The specific thickness can be according to the effect needs, also can repeat several times, produce richer color on the texture, the more unexpected effect appears. The grinding process is also an important step in the manufacturing process of the Thangka lacquer painting. Not only local polishing but also overall control is required to be paid attention to, and the pre-embedded texture effect and color relation are taken attention to, so that the effect is close to the ideal preset effect to the maximum extent. The polishing is a subtraction method, which aims to make the bottom color appear, but not all the upper layers are polished, depending on the requirements of the picture. Note the observation to avoid wearing through the bottom. When the situation that the polishing process is not ideal is continuously found, the steps can be adjusted to be drawn and polished again. The sanding is generally carried out by using 400-mesh, 600-mesh, 800-mesh, 1000-mesh, 1500-mesh, 2000-mesh, 3000-mesh or 5000-mesh water sand paper, small wood blocks, sanding vehicles, sanders, rags and the like. The push-to-smooth, the regular-script and the de-feather are carried out by adopting the traditional manufacturing process of the lacquer painting.

Preferably, the temperature sensing powder is microcapsule temperature sensing color changing powder prepared by mixing color master batch and polyethylene wax or polystyrene wax in a weight ratio of 1: 10. The polyethylene wax or the polystyrene wax is the shell of the temperature sensing powder microcapsule.

Preferably, the microcapsule thermochromic powder has a size of 2 to 7 μm in average diameter.

Preferably, the microcapsule thermochromic powder comprises an inner color-changing substance and an outer microcapsule shell, the thickness of the microcapsule shell being 0.2 to 0.5 μm. The microcapsule shell is too thin to be easily damaged, resulting in a decrease or loss of discoloration; the thickness is too thick and is not sensitive to the reaction of temperature change, and the Thangka lacquer painting can not show the color changing effect when touched by hands or slightly changed in temperature.

Preferably, the material of the painting board is one of wood, cloth, leather, metal and bamboo.

Preferably, the substance to be inlaid is obtained by crushing more than one of a gem, a jade, a shell, a mother-of-pearl and an eggshell to a predetermined size. The particular inlay used and the dimensions used for the inlay will depend on the particular application.

Preferably, the piling and painting step is to pile the thickness of 1-2mm by adopting a technique of dill painting, paint splashing, gold-simulated silver, foil pasting or gold-sprayed silver-copper powder.

Preferably, in the color filling and texture adjusting step, the adjacent colors, the same color, the contrasting color or the complementary color are used for coating, and the coat of lacquer is coated for the next time after the coat of lacquer is dried in the shade.

Preferably, the polishing painting adopts 400-5000-mesh water sand paper, a polishing vehicle, a small wood block, a polishing machine and/or a rag, so that the pre-embedded texture effect and color can be displayed.

In a second aspect of the invention, the inventor provides a Thangka lacquer painting with a temperature-sensitive color change, which is manufactured by adopting the Thangka lacquer painting temperature-sensitive color-change manufacturing process in the first aspect of the invention.

Different from the prior art, the technical scheme at least has the following beneficial effects:

the lacquer powder adopted in the powder scattering step is replaced by mixed powder prepared by mixing the lacquer powder and the temperature sensing powder, the colored paint used in the powder fixing step is adjusted to be the temperature sensing colored paint prepared by uniformly mixing the diluent, the transparent paint and the temperature sensing powder according to the weight ratio of 7:1.5:2.5, further, in the steps of color filling and texture adjusting, the diluent and the temperature sensing powder are uniformly mixed according to the weight ratio of 8.5:2.5, the temperature sensing color changing colored paint is obtained for coat with the lacquer coat, the unchanged artistic effect after the Thangka lacquer painting is manufactured is changed, the Thangka lacquer painting generates temperature sensing color change under the condition that the temperature is correspondingly increased by touching of hands, illumination or environment, the diversified artistic effect of primary colors is recovered under the condition that the temperature is recovered, and the aesthetic interest of the Thangka lacquer painting is added. The Thangka lacquer painting with the color changed by the temperature sense solves the technical problems of untouchable Thangka, water intolerance, difficult protection and the like, widens the market space of the Thangka lacquer painting, and further enhances the ornamental property and aesthetic property of the Thangka.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a Thangka lacquer sample with a temperature-sensitive color change according to an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is another example of a thermochromic Thangka lacquer painting according to embodiments;

FIG. 3 is another example of a thermochromic Thangka lacquer painting according to embodiments;

fig. 4 is another example of a thermochromic Thangka lacquer painting according to embodiments.

Detailed Description

To explain technical contents, structural features, and objects and effects of the technical solutions in detail, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.

The lacquer and the lacquer powder adopted in the embodiment of the invention are all transparent series of lacquer provided by Tochang raw lacquer Co., Ltd, Fuzhou, Fujian province.

The temperature sensing powder adopted in the embodiment of the invention is microcapsule temperature sensing color changing powder prepared by mixing color master batch and polyethylene wax or polystyrene wax according to the weight ratio of 1:10, the size is 2-7 mu m in average diameter, the microcapsule temperature sensing color changing powder comprises an internal color changing substance and an external microcapsule shell, the thickness of the microcapsule shell is 0.2-0.5 mu m, and the microcapsule shell is purchased from Changzhou Meisheng biological material Co.

The diluent used in the examples of the present invention was purchased from Tochang raw lacquer, Inc. of Fujian, Fuzhou.

The inlay materials such as the jewel, the jade, the shell, the mother-of-pearl and the eggshell used in the embodiment of the invention and the crushing method thereof adopt the inlay material manufacturing method in the traditional lacquer painting manufacturing process.

The tools used in the embodiments of the present invention include: ox horn scraper, hairbrush, pen, burin, powder sieve, tweezers, billet, gauze mask etc. the equipment facilities that use in the embodiment of this invention have: a shading room, an electric crusher, a polisher, a polishing machine, a carving machine, an iodine tungsten lamp, a backrest frame, a polishing vehicle, a spray gun, a level bar and the like.

Embodiment 1 Thangka lacquer painting temperature-sensitive color-changing manufacturing process and Thangka lacquer painting with temperature-sensitive color-changing function

A Thangka lacquer painting temperature-sensitive color-changing manufacturing process comprises the following steps:

the bottom base and the bottom plate are manufactured by adopting a conventional operation method, and then the Thangka draft is determined according to the requirement, or the original determined Thangka is directly used for the subsequent steps. Wherein, the shape and the size of the bottom blank and the bottom plate are as large as the Thangka of the draft. The large flatness of the painting board is checked, stains, small particles, concave-convex pits and right-angle edge stains on the board surface are cleaned, and the 2000 # abrasive paper can be used for fine grinding if the large flatness of the original painting board cannot meet the requirement.

Copying an upper plate: fixing the Thangka rough sketch with the preset pattern on the carbon paper, wherein the carbon paper is fixedly arranged on a matt surface of the smooth lacquer painting board, if the spliced carbon paper needs to pay attention to the seam of the carbon paper, the carbon paper can be overlapped but cannot have a space, the carbon paper is well fixed to prevent the Thangka rough sketch from shifting, drawing the Thangka rough sketch with the preset pattern by using a ball pen, and copying the Thangka rough sketch onto the lacquer painting board. The drawing cannot be too light to clearly rub the patterns on the Thangka lacquer painting on the lacquer drawing board. Because the tangka has rich line shapes, the integrity of the tangka needs to be observed while tracing the line, and attention should be paid to: besides line drawing, the method is not pressed on the Thangka manuscript so as to avoid unnecessary print. And after all lines are drawn, uncovering a part of the Thangka manuscript and the carbon paper, further checking the integrity and the definition of the drawn dark blue print, and determining that the all lines can be uncovered. Then, a little industrial aluminum, silver or copper powder is dipped by cotton, and the lines rubbed on the lacquer painting plate are lightly wiped to show the rubbed image. If the ground color of the paint drawing board is required, two or more layers of colored paint can be coated on the matt surface of the paint drawing board, and the step of copying and coating the board is started after the two or more layers of colored paint are ground to be flat.

Inlaying: and adhering the jewel, the jade, the shell, the mother-of-pearl and the eggshell particles and other objects to the positions of the lacquer drawing board where different inlays are needed by using the lacquer.

Powder spreading: paving a first color paint, uniformly blending a diluent, a transparent paint and a temperature sensing powder according to a weight ratio of 7:1.5:2.5, drying and grinding to form mixed powder, dusting the mixed powder with the fineness of 500 meshes, uniformly blending the diluent, the transparent paint and the temperature sensing powder according to a weight ratio of 7:1.5:2.5 to form the temperature sensing color paint, fixing the temperature sensing color paint, and texturing; the raw materials and tools required are: colored paint, various powders, sieves, bamboo tubes, pens, row brushes and the like. The specific operation of dusting can be selected from one of the following three types:

(1) uniformly spraying: spreading the colored paint on the bottom, spraying the colored paint by hand in a small area, and spraying the colored paint on the high position; the screen with the corresponding mesh number is used for sprinkling to adjust the density of the large area;

(2) gradual sprinkling method: spreading colored paint, after uniformly spraying the powder, lightly sweeping the paint powder outside the pattern into the spread colored paint by using a pen or a row brush to ensure that the edge gradually changes to the center; the density distribution of the graph can be controlled by a sieve to generate gradual change;

(3) mixing and sprinkling method: after the colored paint is colored, more than two kinds of toner are mixed and then are sprinkled; the areas with the colored paint can be accurately sprayed by using a bamboo tube; the toners with different thicknesses are sprayed in the order of thickness first and thickness second. The graining operation adopts direct graining.

And (3) stacking and drawing: and (4) piling up for multiple times by using the first colored paint, wherein the piling-up thickness is 1mm, and lines are highlighted.

Color filling and texture adjusting: uniformly mixing a diluent and the temperature sensing powder in a weight ratio of 8.5:2.5 to obtain the thermochromic toning paint, further correcting the mechanism effect of a bottom layer by combining complicated and fussy patterns of the Thangka lacquer painting, paying attention to the integral body, color, concave-convex texture and thickness of a paint layer, using the thermochromic toning paint to coat the adjacent colors, the same color, the contrasting colors or the complementary colors by one or more times of coat with the lacquer, and after each coat with the lacquer, putting the lacquer into a shady room to dry, and then coating the next coat with the lacquer. The coat with lacquer is coated and grinded for a plurality of times, and the texture is more abundant. The technique of adjusting the texture can be comprehensively carried out by techniques such as dill painting (including flat dill painting and high dill painting), paint splashing, gold and silver simulating, gold and silver foil pasting, gold and silver copper powder scattering and the like.

And finally, drawing a paint layer, drying in shade, polishing, covering gold, covering paint, polishing, regular fixation and removing fixation in sequence. And the complex color relation is repeatedly adjusted through integral grasping during paint layer drawing, partial or integral polishing is carried out after complete shading, the pre-buried texture color shape in the early stage is concerned, and whether the expected effect is achieved is judged. The finishing paint comprises a local finishing paint and an integral finishing paint, a pre-buried mechanism and a coat with the texture are covered by red brocade, transparent paint or tinting paint, one or more times of finishing paint can be carried out, the transparent paint and the lower-layer thermochromic tinting paint are combined to generate rich visual effect, and a color layer generates a heavy feeling after polishing. The gold covering is to cover a part or the whole with thin transparent paint, sprinkle fine gold, silver and aluminum powder on the transparent paint or stick foil on the transparent paint in a semi-dry and non-dry state, and cover a layer of red brocade or transparent paint. The specific thickness can be according to the effect needs, also can repeat several times, produce richer color on the texture, the more unexpected effect appears. The grinding and drawing process is also an important step in the preparation process of the Thangka lacquer painting. Not only local polishing but also overall control is required to be paid attention to, and the pre-embedded texture effect and color relation are taken attention to, so that the effect is close to the ideal preset effect to the maximum extent. The polishing process is a subtraction process, which aims to make the bottom color appear, but not all the upper layers are polished, depending on the requirements of the picture. Note the observation to avoid wearing through the bottom. When the polishing process is not ideal, the steps can be adjusted to be drawn and polished again. In the embodiment, the polishing paint can be selected from 400-mesh, 600-mesh, 800-mesh, 1000-mesh, 1500-mesh, 2000-mesh, 3000-mesh or 5000-mesh water sand paper, a polishing vehicle, a small wood block, a polishing machine, a rag and the like. The push polishing, the regular cleaning, the clearing and the mounting are all carried out by adopting the traditional manufacturing process of the lacquer painting.

The Thangka lacquer painting with the temperature-sensitive color change obtained by the manufacturing process of the embodiment is shown in fig. 1, and different patterns and color effects appear in the Thangka lacquer painting with the temperature-sensitive color change in a display room with soft light, and the appreciation of the Thangka lacquer painting is enhanced by touching with hands or irradiating with the sun.

Embodiment 2 Thangka lacquer painting temperature-sensitive color-changing manufacturing process and Thangka lacquer painting with temperature-sensitive color-changing function

The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the dusting step is to dust a mixed powder prepared by blending a diluent, a clear lacquer and a temperature sensing powder in a weight ratio of 7:1.5:2.5, the thickness of the mixed powder is 600 meshes, and after the mixed powder is dried, the diluent, the clear lacquer and the temperature sensing powder are blended into a temperature sensing colored lacquer in a weight ratio of 7:1.5:2.5 to fix the temperature sensing colored lacquer and form the pattern.

In the steps of color filling and texture adjusting: uniformly mixing a diluent and the temperature sensing powder in a weight ratio of 8.5:2.5 to obtain a temperature sensing color changing paint, and coating the temperature sensing color changing paint with a coat height of 2mm and protruding points. The Thangka lacquer painting with the temperature-sensitive color change obtained by the manufacturing process of the embodiment is shown in fig. 2.

Example 3

The difference between this example and example 1 is that in the color filling and tone texture step: uniformly mixing a diluent and the temperature sensing powder in a weight ratio of 8.5:2.5 to obtain a temperature sensing color changing paint, and coating the temperature sensing color changing paint with a coat height of 1.5mm and a protruding surface. The Thangka lacquer painting with the temperature-sensitive color change obtained by the manufacturing process of the embodiment is shown in fig. 3.

Example 4

The difference between this example and example 1 is that in the color filling and tone texture step: uniformly mixing a diluent and the temperature sensing powder in a weight ratio of 8.5:2.5 to obtain a temperature sensing color changing paint, and coating the temperature sensing color changing paint with a coat height of 1.2mm and protruding points and lines. The Thangka lacquer painting with the temperature-sensitive color change obtained by the manufacturing process of the embodiment is shown in fig. 4.

The Thangka lacquer paintings with the temperature-sensitive discoloration obtained in examples 1-4 were subjected to aging tests of temperature rise and temperature reduction, and the development and recovery time of the temperature-sensitive discoloration were measured, and the specific test results are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 development and recovery time of temperature-sensitive discoloration of Thangka lacquer paintings with temperature-sensitive discoloration obtained in examples 1-4

As can be seen from table 1, the response time of the color change development of the temperature-sensitive color-changing tangka lacquer paintings provided by examples 1 to 4 is less than 0.3S in the temperature range of 0.4 to 3 ℃, the recovery time of the color patterns of the tangka lacquer paintings is 1.5 to 3.5S, and the effective times of color change recovery can reach 8100 times.

It should be noted that, although the above embodiments have been described herein, the invention is not limited thereto. Therefore, based on the innovative concepts of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention can be directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields by making changes and modifications to the embodiments described herein, or by using equivalent structures or equivalent processes performed in the content of the present specification and the attached drawings, which are included in the scope of the present invention.