阅读说明：本技术 一种转炉煤气冷却装置及应用该装置的冷却系统 (Converter gas cooling device and cooling system using same ) 是由 黎丽姣 于 2020-06-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种转炉煤气冷却装置,包括筒体、内衬以及换热管束组,所述筒体内部设有转炉煤气通过的气体流道,所述换热管束组设置于筒体的气体流道内且在换热管束组内设有转炉煤气通过的空隙,所述内衬设置于所述筒体和换热管束组之间并用于阻挡转炉煤气从二者间空隙处通过,通过内衬实现转炉煤气与换热管束组间的充分接触,通过换热管束组实现换热管束组内部的冷却工质与转炉煤气间的热交换,进而实现对转炉煤气进行冷却。本发明通过换热管中的冷却工质与转炉煤气进行热交换,实现对转炉煤气进行冷却,避免了水与煤气直接接触,不产生污水,利于环境保护,对煤气冷却降温效果更理想,提高了煤气的输送能力,实现节能降耗的目的。(The invention provides a converter gas cooling device which comprises a cylinder, a lining and a heat exchange tube bundle group, wherein a gas flow passage through which converter gas passes is arranged in the cylinder, the heat exchange tube bundle group is arranged in the gas flow passage of the cylinder, a gap through which the converter gas passes is arranged in the heat exchange tube bundle group, the lining is arranged between the cylinder and the heat exchange tube bundle group and is used for blocking the converter gas from passing through the gap between the cylinder and the heat exchange tube bundle group, the converter gas is fully contacted with the heat exchange tube bundle group through the lining, and heat exchange between a cooling working medium in the heat exchange tube bundle group and the converter gas is realized through the heat exchange tube bundle group, so that the converter gas is cooled. The invention realizes the cooling of the converter gas by the heat exchange between the cooling working medium in the heat exchange tube and the converter gas, avoids the direct contact between water and the gas, does not produce sewage, is beneficial to environmental protection, has more ideal cooling effect on the gas, improves the conveying capacity of the gas and realizes the purposes of energy saving and consumption reduction.)

1. The converter gas cooling device is characterized by comprising a barrel (2), a lining (3) and a heat exchange tube bundle group (4), wherein a gas flow channel through which converter gas passes is arranged in the barrel (2), the heat exchange tube bundle group (4) is arranged in the gas flow channel of the barrel (2), a gap through which the converter gas passes is arranged in the heat exchange tube bundle group (4), the lining (3) is arranged between the barrel (2) and the heat exchange tube bundle group (4) and used for blocking the converter gas from passing through the gap between the barrel and the heat exchange tube bundle group, the lining (3) is used for realizing sufficient contact between the converter gas and the heat exchange tube bundle group (4), heat exchange between a cooling working medium in the heat exchange tube bundle group (4) and the converter gas is realized through the heat exchange tube bundle group (4), and further cooling of the converter gas is realized.

2. The converter gas cooling device according to claim 1, wherein the cooling device is a first type cooling structure (17), the first type cooling structure (17) further comprises an inner sleeve (5), the inner sleeve (3) is cylindrical, the inner sleeve (5) is arranged in the inner sleeve (3), the heat exchange tube bundle group (4) comprises at least one heat exchange tube arranged along the length direction of the barrel (2), and a plurality of heat exchange tubes are uniformly and annularly arranged in a gas flow passage formed by the inner sleeve (5) and the inner sleeve (3);

or the cooling device is a second type cooling structure (18), the heat exchange tube bundle group (4) in the second type cooling structure (18) comprises at least one heat exchange tube arranged along the diameter direction of the barrel (2), the heat exchange tubes are arranged end to end in a stacked mode along the length direction of the barrel (2), the number of the linings (3) is at least one, and the linings (3) are arranged in layers along the length direction of the barrel (2) to form a gas flow channel.

3. The converter gas cooling device according to claim 2, wherein the heat exchange tubes are provided with a wear resistant layer on the side facing the inflow of the converter gas.

4. The converter gas cooling device according to claim 3, wherein a working medium outlet end of the heat exchange tube bundle group (4) is connected with a first header (9), a working medium inlet end of the heat exchange tube bundle group (4) is connected with a second header (10), a working medium outlet connecting pipe (8) is arranged on the first header (9), a working medium inlet connecting pipe (11) is arranged on the second header (10), and the cooling working medium enters the cooling device through the working medium inlet connecting pipe (11), sequentially passes through the second header (10), the heat exchange tube bundle group (4) and the first header (9), and then flows out of the cooling device through the working medium outlet connecting pipe (8).

5. The converter gas cooling device according to claim 4, wherein at least one protective layer is arranged between the barrel (2) and the lining (3) when the temperature of the converter gas entering the cooling device is more than 400 ℃, and the lining is arranged on the protective layer;

the protective layer comprises a heat insulation layer (13) and/or a flame retardant coating (12), the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 50-100 mm, and the thickness of the flame retardant coating is 60-150 mm.

6. The converter gas cooling device according to claim 4, wherein one end of the barrel (2) is provided with an inlet connecting pipe (1) and the other end is provided with an outlet connecting pipe (6), the converter gas enters the barrel from the inlet connecting pipe (1) and leaves the barrel from the outlet connecting pipe (6) after passing through the gas flow channel; the adjacent cooling devices are butted through an inlet connecting pipe (1) and an outlet connecting pipe (6).

7. The converter gas cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising at least one soot blowing pipe (7), wherein the soot blowing pipe (7) is arranged at one end of the barrel (2) close to the inlet connection pipe (1), and soot blowing or oil removal is performed on the heat exchange pipe bundle group (4) through the soot blowing pipe (7).

8. A cooling system, characterized by comprising at least one piece of converter gas cooling device according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the pieces of cooling device are connected end to form a cooling system for cooling the converter gas.

9. The cooling system according to claim 8, characterized in that it is composed of a plurality of pieces (17) of a first type of cooling structure connected end to end;

or, it is formed by a plurality of pieces of the second type cooling structure (18) connected end to end;

or, at least one first type cooling structure (17) and at least one second type cooling structure (18) are included, the first type cooling structure and the second type cooling structure are arranged in a staggered mode;

alternatively, at least one first type cooling structure (17) and at least one second type cooling structure (18) are included, a plurality of the first type cooling structures are connected end to form a first cooling group, a plurality of the second type cooling structures are connected end to form a second cooling group, and the first cooling group and the second cooling group are connected.

10. The cooling system according to claim 9, characterized in that an emergency bleeding pipeline (15) is arranged on the cooling system, an explosion door is arranged on the emergency bleeding pipeline (15), and a cooling working medium in the cooling device is collected into the drum (14) after being subjected to heat exchange with the converter gas.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of steel smelting, in particular to a converter gas cooling device and a cooling system using the same.

Background

The converter gas is treated by a combustion method or an unburned method to become converter flue gas, and the main component of the converter flue gas is coal gas (namely converter coal gas). The smoke temperature of the 'unburned method' is 1400-1600 ℃, and the smoke temperature of the 'combustion method' is 1800-2400 ℃. The high-temperature flue gas discharged from the converter is usually subjected to flue gas waste heat recovery by using a vaporization cooling flue technology, and the converter gas at 1400-2400 ℃ is cooled to 800-1000 ℃.

The main methods for treating converter gas at 800-1000 ℃ are divided into two modes: wet dust removal process, i.e., OG process, and dry dust removal process, i.e., LT process. The OG method comprises the steps that converter gas at 800-1000 ℃ after passing through a vaporization cooling flue firstly enters a first-stage water overflow fixed venturi tube, a dehydrator is arranged below the converter gas, then enters a second-stage adjustable venturi tube, dust in the gas is mainly removed, and then enters a fan system through a 90-degree elbow dehydrator and a tower type dehydrator to be sent to a user or a diffusion tower. This process is currently less adopted.

The LT method treatment technology is from Germany, and the basic principle is that high-temperature coal gas at 800-1000 ℃ after passing through a vaporization cooling flue is directly sprayed with water for cooling, the temperature of the coal gas is cooled to 150-200 ℃, and then an electric dust removal method is adopted for carrying out flue gas dust removal treatment and recycling the coal gas, and the technology is most used at present.

The OG method and the LT method both take the guarantee of production operation and the recovery of converter gas as starting points, and do not give important consideration to the recovery of sensible heat of flue gas and the improvement of energy utilization rate. The OG method and the LT method for purifying and recycling converter flue gas basically realize the recycling of chemical energy in the converter flue gas by recycling the converter gas, but the recycling of heat energy is not thorough, the water content of the gas is increased due to direct water spraying and cooling and dust removal, the environmental pollution and the high consumption of water resources and energy sources are brought while a large amount of heat is wasted, and the improvement of the energy saving and consumption reduction level of the steelmaking converter process is seriously restricted.

In view of the above, there is a need for a converter gas cooling device and a cooling system using the same to solve the problems in the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the converter gas cooling device comprises a cylinder, a lining and a heat exchange tube bundle group, wherein the converter gas is cooled by heat exchange between a cooling working medium in a heat exchange tube and the converter gas; the cooling device of the invention avoids direct contact between water and coal gas, does not produce sewage, and is beneficial to environmental protection. Meanwhile, the cooling effect of the coal gas is more ideal, the moisture in the coal gas is reduced, the conveying capacity of the coal gas is improved, and the purposes of saving energy and reducing consumption are achieved.

(2) The converter gas cooling device comprises a first type cooling structure and a second type cooling structure, wherein the first type cooling structure further comprises an inner sleeve, the inner sleeve is of a cylindrical structure, the inner sleeve is arranged in the inner sleeve, the heat exchange tube bundle group comprises at least one heat exchange tube arranged along the length direction of a cylinder body, and a plurality of heat exchange tubes are uniformly and annularly arranged in a gas flow channel formed by the inner sleeve) and the inner sleeve; the heat exchange tube bundle group in the second type cooling structure comprises at least one heat exchange tube arranged along the diameter direction of the cylinder, the heat exchange tubes are connected end to end and are stacked along the length direction of the cylinder, the number of the linings is at least one, and the linings are arranged in layers along the length direction of the cylinder to form a gas flow channel. The cooling device with two different types is arranged, so that different requirements can be met according to different requirements.

(3) The wear-resistant layer is arranged on one side, facing the inflow of converter gas, of the heat exchange tube in the converter gas cooling device, and can prevent the converter gas from corroding the heat exchange tube bundle group, so that the service life of the heat exchange tube is prolonged.

(4) The protective layer is arranged when the temperature of the converter gas is higher than 400 ℃, so that the temperature of the surface of the cylinder body can be effectively ensured to be lower than 50 ℃, and the heat loss is prevented.

(5) The converter gas cooling device also comprises at least one soot blowing pipe, wherein the soot blowing pipe can blow soot or remove oil from the heat exchange pipe bundle group, so that dust or oil stains are prevented from being accumulated on the surface of the heat exchange pipe to influence the heat exchange efficiency, and the normal work of the heat exchange pipe bundle group is ensured.

The invention also provides a cooling system comprising the converter gas cooling device, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

the converter gas is cooled to 800-1000 ℃ through the vaporization cooling flue and then enters the cooling system, and the converter gas is cooled to 150-200 ℃ through heat transfer of the heat exchange tube bundle group of the cooling device, so that the requirement of cooling, cooling and recycling of the converter gas is met.

The cooling system comprises a plurality of cooling devices, and the number of the cooling devices can be set according to the cooling requirement of the converter gas, so that the converter gas is cooled. Meanwhile, the cooling device exchanges heat with the converter gas, the cooling working medium after heat exchange is changed into saturated steam with certain pressure, the saturated steam is collected into the drum and then is conveyed outwards by the drum, and the cooling system can collect heat energy in the converter gas and improve the utilization rate of energy. In addition, an emergency release pipeline is arranged, an explosion door is arranged on the emergency release pipeline, the requirement of explosion prevention and pressure release of a cooling system can be met,

in addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic internal view of a first type of cooling structure in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a second type of cooling structure in the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of the second type of cooling structure of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the cooling system of the present invention;

the boiler comprises an inlet connecting pipe 1, an inlet connecting pipe 2, a cylinder body 3, a lining 4, a heat exchange pipe bundle group 5, an inner sleeve 6, an outlet connecting pipe 7, an ash blowing pipe 8, a working medium outlet connecting pipe 9, a first header 10, a second header 11, a working medium inlet connecting pipe 12, a fire-resistant layer 13, a heat-insulating layer 14, a boiler barrel 15, an emergency release pipeline 16, a flue 17, a first type cooling structure 18, a second type cooling structure 19 and a steel framework.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways, which are defined and covered by the claims.

Example 1:

referring to fig. 1, a converter gas cooling device comprises a cylinder 2, a liner 3 and a heat exchange tube bundle group 4, wherein a gas flow passage through which converter gas passes is arranged in the cylinder 2, the heat exchange tube bundle group 4 is arranged in the gas flow passage of the cylinder 2, a gap through which converter gas passes is arranged in the heat exchange tube bundle group 4, the liner 3 is arranged between the cylinder 2 and the heat exchange tube bundle group 4 and is used for blocking converter gas from passing through the gap between the cylinder 2 and the heat exchange tube bundle group 4, the converter gas and the heat exchange tube bundle group 4 are in full contact with each other through the liner 3, heat exchange between a cooling working medium in the heat exchange tube bundle group 4 and the converter gas is realized through the heat exchange tube bundle group 4, and then the converter gas is cooled.

The cooling means in this embodiment is a first type of cooling structure 17; the first type cooling structure 17 further comprises an inner sleeve 5, the inner liner 3 is cylindrical, the inner sleeve 5 is arranged in the inner liner 3, the heat exchange tube bundle group 4 comprises at least one heat exchange tube arranged along the length direction of the barrel 2, and a plurality of heat exchange tubes are uniformly and annularly arranged in a gas flow channel formed by the inner liner 3 and the inner sleeve 5.

Preferably, referring to fig. 1, the cylinder, the lining and the inner sleeve are coaxially arranged, the inner sleeve is a hollow cylinder with an outer diameter smaller than an inner diameter of the lining, two ends of the inner sleeve are conical, an annular space is formed between the inner sleeve and the lining, the heat exchange tube is arranged in the annular space, and the converter gas passes through the annular space and exchanges heat with the heat exchange tube.

The inner lining and the inner sleeve can be made of carbon steel or stainless steel, the carbon steel is selected when the temperature of converter gas is less than or equal to 400 ℃, and the stainless steel is selected when the temperature is more than 400 ℃.

Preferably, the heat exchange tube is provided with a wear-resistant layer towards one side where converter gas flows in, the wear-resistant layer is an anti-abrasion tile and is arranged on the heat exchange tube in a welding mode.

The working medium outlet end of the heat exchange tube bundle group 4 is connected with a first header 9, the working medium inlet end of the heat exchange tube bundle group 4 is connected with a second header 10, a working medium outlet connecting pipe 8 is arranged on the first header 9, a working medium inlet connecting pipe 11 is arranged on the second header 10, and the cooling working medium enters the cooling device through the working medium inlet connecting pipe 11, and sequentially passes through the second header 10, the heat exchange tube bundle group 4 and the first header 9 and then flows out of the cooling device through the working medium outlet connecting pipe 8.

When the temperature of the converter gas entering the cooling device is higher than 400 ℃, at least one protective layer is arranged between the cylinder body 2 and the lining 3, and the lining is arranged on the protective layer; in fig. 1, which is illustrated in the case of a protective layer, the lining can be arranged directly on the inner wall of the cylinder when no protective layer is provided. The number of layers of the protective layer can be set according to actual conditions, and the surface temperature of the cylinder body is guaranteed to be lower than 50 ℃.

The protective layer includes insulating layer 13 and/or flame retardant coating 12, has illustrated in figure 1 that insulating layer 13 and flame retardant coating 12 set up, the thickness of insulating layer is 50 ~ 100mm, the thickness of flame retardant coating is 60 ~ 150 mm. The heat-insulating layer can be made of an aluminum silicate refractory fiber board, and the refractory layer can be made of a refractory castable.

One end of the cylinder body 2 is provided with an inlet connecting pipe 1, the other end of the cylinder body is provided with an outlet connecting pipe 6, and the converter gas enters the cylinder body from the inlet connecting pipe 1 and leaves the cylinder body from the outlet connecting pipe 6 after passing through a gas flow channel; the adjacent cooling devices are butted through the inlet connecting pipe 1 and the outlet connecting pipe 6, and an additional connecting pipe can be added between the inlet connecting pipe and the outlet connecting pipe and is connected with the adjacent cooling devices through the connecting pipe.

The cooling device further comprises at least one soot blowing pipe 7, the soot blowing pipe 7 is arranged at one end, close to the inlet connecting pipe 1, of the barrel body 2, and soot blowing or oil removing is carried out on the heat exchange pipe bundle group 4 through the soot blowing pipe 7. Saturated steam is connected into the soot blowing pipe to ensure that the heat exchange pipe is uniformly soot-blown or deoiled.

Example 2:

referring to fig. 2 and 3, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that the cooling device in the present embodiment is a second type cooling structure 18, that is, only in that the arrangement of the heat exchange tube bundle groups and the arrangement of the inner liner are different.

Referring to fig. 2, the heat exchange tube bundle group 4 in the second type cooling structure 18 comprises at least one heat exchange tube arranged along the diameter direction of the cylinder 2, a plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged end to end and stacked along the length direction of the cylinder 2, the number of the liners 3 is at least one, and a plurality of liners 3 are arranged in layers along the length direction of the cylinder 2 to form a gas flow passage.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the lining in this embodiment may be formed on the inner wall of the barrel (or on the protective layer when the protective layer is formed), and the lining is used to fill the gap between the barrel and the heat exchange tube bundle group, so as to ensure that the converter gas passes through the gas flow channel where the heat exchange tube bundle group is located.

Of course, the lining can be made of a plurality of steel plates, and a circular plate matched with the inner diameter of the cylinder can be directly adopted, and an opening matched with the heat exchange tube bundle group is formed in the circular plate and used for arranging the heat exchange tube bundle group to ensure that the converter gas passes through the opening (namely a gas flow channel) in the circular plate.

Example 3:

the cooling system comprises at least one piece of converter gas cooling device, and the cooling devices are connected end to form the cooling system for cooling the converter gas.

The cooling system is made up of a plurality of pieces of a first type of cooling structure 17 connected end to end;

alternatively, it may be constructed from multiple pieces of the second type cooling structure 18 joined end-to-end;

alternatively, it comprises at least one piece of cooling structure of a first type 17 and at least one piece of cooling structure of a second type 18, the cooling structures of the first type and the cooling structures of the second type being arranged alternately;

alternatively, at least one first type of cooling structure 17 and at least one second type of cooling structure 18 are included, the plurality of pieces of first type of cooling structure being connected end to form a first cooling group and the plurality of pieces of second type of cooling structure being connected end to form a second cooling group, the first and second cooling groups being connected.

Referring to fig. 4, the cooling system in this embodiment is formed by connecting the first cooling group and the second cooling group, and the connection corner positions of the cooling devices are connected through the flues 16.

An emergency diffusing pipeline 15 is arranged on the cooling system, and a cooling working medium in the cooling device exchanges heat with converter coal gas and then is collected into a drum 14. The cooling working medium in the cooling system exchanges heat with the high-temperature converter gas by radiation or convection, and the temperature is raised to saturated steam with a certain pressure, and the saturated steam is conveyed outwards by the drum.

Preferably, the emergency release pipeline 15 is arranged on a flue at the upper end, a pressure release valve can be arranged on the emergency release pipeline for pressure release, and an explosion-proof door is arranged on the emergency release pipeline 15 to meet the requirement of coal gas explosion-proof pressure release.

Referring to fig. 4, the cooling device of the cooling system is provided on a steel frame 19, and the steel frame 19 is used to support and fix the cooling system.

The power of the converter gas flowing through the cooling system is provided by an additional induced draft fan, and the induced draft fan adopts frequency conversion to adjust the air volume pressure, so that the cooling requirements of the converter gas under different working conditions are met.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.