阅读说明：本技术 一种电解槽系统及其工作方法 (Electrolytic cell system and working method thereof ) 是由 余智勇 王金意 王凡 张畅 任志博 王鹏杰 于 2021-09-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于氢能技术领域,公开了一种电解槽系统,包括多级电解槽、采集模块、存储模块和第一处理模块；多级电解槽包括两端板电极,及设置在两端板电极之间的多个隔板电极；在端板电极和隔板电极上均安装有接线柱,其中一个端板电极上的接线柱作为阳极接线柱,其余接线柱作为阴极接线柱；阳极接线柱与每一个阴极接线柱之间均与采集模块连接；采集模块与第一处理模块连接。还公开了其工作方法,处理模块通过电压的变化,判断各级电解槽的运行情况,当某级电解槽的运行工作电压大于预设值时,说明该级电解槽运行故障,便于定位电解槽故障的区间,只对这一级电解槽进行检修就可以,不需要对全电解槽进行整体的检修。(The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen energy, and discloses an electrolytic cell system which comprises a multistage electrolytic cell, an acquisition module, a storage module and a first processing module; the multistage electrolytic cell comprises two end plate electrodes and a plurality of baffle electrodes arranged between the two end plate electrodes; the terminal plates and the separator plate electrodes are respectively provided with a terminal post, wherein the terminal post on one of the terminal plates is used as an anode terminal post, and the other terminal posts are used as cathode terminal posts; the anode binding post and each cathode binding post are connected with the acquisition module; the acquisition module is connected with the first processing module. The processing module judges the operation condition of each stage of electrolytic cell through the change of voltage, and when the operation working voltage of a certain stage of electrolytic cell is greater than a preset value, the operation fault of the electrolytic cell is indicated, the fault interval of the electrolytic cell is convenient to position, the electrolytic cell can be overhauled only by one stage, and the whole electrolytic cell does not need to be overhauled integrally.)

1. An electrolytic cell system is characterized by comprising a multi-stage electrolytic cell, an acquisition module, a storage module and a first processing module;

the multistage electrolytic cell comprises two end plate electrodes (1) and a plurality of partition plate electrodes (2) arranged between the two end plate electrodes (1), wherein the end plate electrodes (1) are detachably connected with the partition plate electrodes (2); electrolytic units (6) are arranged between the end plate electrode (1) and the partition plate electrode (2) and between two adjacent partition plate electrodes (2), and each electrolytic unit (6) forms a primary electrolytic tank;

the terminal plates (1) and the partition plate electrodes (2) are respectively provided with a binding post (7), the binding posts (7) are connected with a power supply, the binding post (7) on one of the terminal plates (1) is used as an anode binding post, and the other binding posts (7) are used as cathode binding posts;

the anode binding posts and each cathode binding post are connected with an acquisition module, and the acquisition module is used for acquiring working voltage between the anode and each cathode;

the acquisition module is connected with the first processing module, and the first processing module is used for calculating the initial working voltage of each stage of electrolytic cell in the initial operation stage; the first processing module is connected with the storage module, and the storage module is used for storing the initial working voltage of each stage of electrolytic cell;

the first processing module is also used for comparing the operation working voltage of the electrolytic bath at a certain level with a preset value, and when the operation working voltage of the electrolytic bath at a certain level is greater than the preset value, the first processing module cuts off the power supply; wherein the preset value is larger than the initial working voltage of each stage of electrolytic cell.

2. The electrolytic cell system of claim 1, wherein the collection module is connected with a second processing module, and the second processing module is used for calculating the operation load of each stage of electrolytic cell in the initial operation stage;

the second processing module is connected with the storage module, the storage module stores the operation load of each stage of electrolytic cell, and the second processing module is used for comparing the load required by operation with the operation load of the electrolytic cell and setting the stage number of the electrolytic cell connected with the power supply.

3. An electrolysis cell system according to claim 1, wherein the end plate electrode (1) and the separator electrode (2), and the adjacent two separator electrodes (2) are fixedly connected by fastening bolts (8).

4. An electrolysis cell system according to claim 1, wherein the electrolysis cell (6) comprises a plate (3), membrane cells symmetrically arranged on both sides of the plate (3), the membrane cells comprising a membrane (4) and a polar net (5) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the membrane (4).

5. An electrolysis cell system according to claim 4, wherein the separator electrode (2) has circular grooves on both sides, the plate (3) has circular grooves on both sides, the left end plate electrode (1) and the right end plate electrode (1) have circular grooves on the inside, and the grid (5) is embedded in the circular grooves.

6. An electrolysis cell system according to claim 4, wherein the polar net (5) is a nickel net, wherein the surface of the nickel net on the cathode chamber side is coated with a catalytic layer.

7. An electrolytic cell system as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the porous material in the middle of the diaphragm (4) is a polyphenylene sulfide woven cloth with a surface modified by hydrophilicity.

8. An electrolytic cell system according to claim 4, wherein the two end plate electrodes (1), the separator electrode (2) and the polar plate (3) are made of steel plates, the surfaces of the steel plates are plated with nickel layers, and a plurality of alkali liquor access holes are formed in the edges of the two end plate electrodes (1), the separator electrode (2) and the polar plate (3).

9. A method of operating a multi-stage electrolytic cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:

s1, switching on a power supply, switching on the anode binding post and one of the cathode binding posts, and setting the working current density as a rated current density A;

s2, switching on the other cathode binding post, adjusting the current, keeping the working current density at a rated current density A, sequentially collecting the working voltage between the anode and each cathode, and recording the working voltage between the anode and the nth cathode as Vn; n is the number of stages of the electrolytic cell;

s3, calculating the working voltage of each stage of electrolytic cell in the initial operation stage, wherein the working voltage of the nth stage of electrolytic cell is Vn-Vn-1;

and S4, after the operation is carried out for a period of time, when the working voltage of one electrolytic cell or the working voltages of a plurality of electrolytic cells are greater than a preset value, the electrolytic cell of the stage is indicated to have a fault, and the power supply is disconnected.

10. The method of claim 9, further comprising adjusting the operating load, wherein if the total load of the electrolyzer is Q, the operating load of the x-stage electrolyzer is xQ/n, x is an integer, x is 0. ltoreq. x.ltoreq.n;

when the load required by operation is Qr and (x-1) Q/n < Qr is less than or equal to xQ/n, the working current density is adjusted to be nAQr/(xQ), and meanwhile, the xth cathode is switched on.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen energy, and particularly relates to an electrolytic cell system and a working method thereof.

Background

The hydrogen energy is a green secondary energy and plays an important role in the fields of energy structure transformation and industrial carbon emission reduction. In order to overcome the problem of high emission of hydrogen and carbon in the traditional fossil raw material hydrogen production, hydrogen production by water electrolysis is the most important production mode of hydrogen in the future. The hydrogen production by alkaline water electrolysis is the most widely applied hydrogen production by water electrolysis at present because the technology is relatively mature, the equipment manufacturing cost is low, and the scale of a single device is large. The alkaline electrolytic cell is generally composed of end plates, pole nets, diaphragms, sealing gaskets and tension bolts on two sides. Because the electrolytic cell is only fixed by the end plates at the two sides and the tensioning bolts, when the large-scale alkaline electrolytic cell is overhauled, the end plates at the two sides must be disassembled, each middle polar plate, the polar net, the diaphragm and the sealing washer are disassembled, the workload of overhauling and maintenance is large, and the sealing washer needs to be replaced when the electrolytic cell is reassembled, so the cost is increased; meanwhile, the gas yield of the conventional electrolytic cell is usually realized by adjusting the current density, and in the process of hydrogen production by electrolysis by adopting a fluctuating power supply, because the current change amplitude is large, the electrode is easy to be impacted, so that the catalytic layer on the surface of the electrode is dropped off, the gas production efficiency is reduced, and the service life is shortened.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an electrolytic cell system and a working method thereof, which solve the problems of large overhauling and maintenance work and high cost of a large alkaline electrolytic cell.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

an electrolytic cell system comprises a multi-stage electrolytic cell, an acquisition module, a storage module and a first processing module;

the multistage electrolytic cell comprises two end plate electrodes and a plurality of partition plate electrodes arranged between the two end plate electrodes, and the end plate electrodes are detachably connected with the plurality of partition plate electrodes; electrolytic units are arranged between the end plate electrode and the partition plate electrode and between two adjacent partition plate electrodes, and each electrolytic unit forms a primary electrolytic tank;

the terminal plates and the clapboard electrodes are respectively provided with a binding post, the binding posts are connected with a power supply, the binding post on one of the terminal plates is used as an anode binding post, and the other binding posts are used as cathode binding posts;

the anode binding posts and each cathode binding post are connected with an acquisition module, and the acquisition module is used for acquiring working voltage between the anode and each cathode;

the acquisition module is connected with the first processing module, and the first processing module is used for calculating the initial working voltage of each stage of electrolytic cell in the initial operation stage; the first processing module is connected with the storage module, and the storage module is used for storing the initial working voltage of each stage of electrolytic cell;

the first processing module is also used for comparing the operation working voltage of the electrolytic bath at a certain level with a preset value, and when the operation working voltage of the electrolytic bath at a certain level is greater than the preset value, the first processing module cuts off the power supply; wherein the preset value is larger than the initial working voltage of each stage of electrolytic cell.

Further, the acquisition module is connected with a second processing module, and the second processing module is used for calculating the operation load of each stage of electrolytic cell in the initial operation stage;

the second processing module is connected with the storage module, the storage module stores the operation load of each stage of electrolytic cell, and the second processing module is used for comparing the load required by operation with the operation load of the electrolytic cell and setting the stage number of the electrolytic cell connected with the power supply.

Furthermore, the end plate electrodes and the partition plate electrodes and the two adjacent partition plate electrodes are fixedly connected through fastening bolts respectively.

Furthermore, the electrolysis unit comprises a polar plate and diaphragm units symmetrically arranged on two sides of the polar plate, and each diaphragm unit comprises a diaphragm and polar nets symmetrically arranged on two sides of the diaphragm.

Furthermore, circular grooves are formed in two side faces of the separator electrode, circular grooves are formed in two side faces of the polar plate, circular grooves are formed in the inner sides of the left end plate electrode and the right end plate electrode, and the polar net is embedded into the circular grooves.

Further, the polar net is a nickel net, wherein the surface of the nickel net on one side of the cathode chamber is plated with a catalytic layer.

Furthermore, the porous material in the middle of the diaphragm is polyphenylene sulfide woven cloth with the surface modified by hydrophilicity.

Furthermore, the two end plate electrodes, the baffle plate electrodes and the pole plates are made of steel plates, the surfaces of the steel plates are plated with nickel layers, and the edges of the two end plate electrodes, the baffle plate electrodes and the pole plates are provided with a plurality of alkali liquor inlet and outlet holes.

The invention also discloses a working method of the multistage electrolytic cell system, which comprises the following steps:

s1, switching on a power supply, switching on the anode binding post and one of the cathode binding posts, and setting the working current density as a rated current density A;

s2, switching on the other cathode binding post, adjusting the current, keeping the working current density at a rated current density A, sequentially collecting the working voltage between the anode and each cathode, and recording the working voltage between the anode and the nth cathode as Vn; n is the number of stages of the electrolytic cell;

s3, calculating the working voltage of each stage of electrolytic cell in the initial operation stage, wherein the working voltage of the nth stage of electrolytic cell is Vn-Vn-1;

and S4, after the operation is carried out for a period of time, when the working voltage of one electrolytic cell or the working voltages of a plurality of electrolytic cells are greater than a preset value, the electrolytic cell of the stage is indicated to have a fault, and the power supply is disconnected.

Further, the method also comprises the adjustment of the operation load, the total load of the operation of the electrolytic cell is set as Q, the operation load of the x-level electrolytic cell is xQ/n, x is an integer, and x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to n;

when the load required by operation is Qr and (x-1) Q/n < Qr is less than or equal to xQ/n, the working current density is adjusted to be nAQr/(xQ), and meanwhile, the xth cathode is switched on.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

the invention discloses an electrolytic tank system, which comprises a plurality of stages of electrolytic tanks, wherein a large-scale electrolytic tank is divided into a plurality of stages by adding a partition plate electrode, then binding posts are added on an end plate electrode and the partition plate electrode, the binding posts are connected with an acquisition module, the operation condition of each stage of electrolytic tank can be monitored in real time respectively, the acquisition module is connected with a processing module, the processing module judges the operation condition of each stage of electrolytic tank through the change of voltage, when the operation working voltage of a certain stage of electrolytic tank is greater than a preset value, the operation fault of the electrolytic tank is indicated, the fault interval of the electrolytic tank is convenient to position, the electrolytic tank is only overhauled, the whole overhauling of the whole electrolytic tank is not needed, the overhauling amount is greatly reduced, and the overhauling cost is saved.

Furthermore, the electrolytic cell is divided into multiple stages, the stage number of the electrolytic cell connected with a power supply can be set according to the requirement of the operation load, the operation load is prevented from being adjusted in a mode of greatly changing the current density, the large change of the current density is reduced, and the stability of the operation of the system is maintained.

Further, it is fixed with fastening bolt respectively between the multistage electrolysis trough, from the middle to both ends installation, one section is fixed, when judging certain one-level electrolysis trough operational failure, can not dismantle full electrolysis trough, but follow and close on one end and dismantle, causes a large amount of sealing materials to change after avoiding whole dismantlements of electrolysis trough, practices thrift the maintenance cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a multi-stage electrolytic cell of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the assembly of a multistage electrolytic cell of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a separator electrode of the present invention.

Wherein, 1 is an end plate electrode, 2 is a separator electrode, 3 is a polar plate, 4 is a diaphragm, 5 is a polar net, 6 is an electrolysis unit, 7 is a binding post, 8 is a fastening bolt, and 9 is a fastening nut;

21 is a bolt hole, and 22 is a circular protrusion.

Detailed Description

The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the invention.

As shown in figures 1 and 2, the invention discloses an electrolytic cell system, comprising a multi-stage electrolytic cell, a collection module, a storage module and a first processing module; the multistage electrolytic cell comprises two end plate electrodes 1 and a plurality of partition plate electrodes 2 arranged between the two end plate electrodes 1, wherein the end plate electrodes 1 are detachably connected with the plurality of partition plate electrodes 2; electrolytic units 6 are arranged between the end plate electrode 1 and the partition plate electrode 2 and between two adjacent partition plate electrodes 2, and each electrolytic unit 6 forms a primary electrolytic tank; the terminal plates 1 and the partition plate electrodes 2 are respectively provided with a terminal post 7, the terminal posts 7 are connected with a power supply, the terminal post 7 on one of the terminal plates 1 is used as an anode terminal post, and the other terminal posts 7 are used as cathode terminal posts; the anode binding posts and each cathode binding post are connected with an acquisition module, and the acquisition module is used for acquiring working voltage between the anode and each cathode; the acquisition module is connected with the first processing module, and the first processing module is used for calculating the initial working voltage of each stage of electrolytic cell in the initial operation stage; the first processing module is connected with the storage module, and the storage module is used for storing the initial working voltage of each stage of electrolytic cell; the first processing module is also used for comparing the operation working voltage of the electrolytic bath at a certain level with a preset value, and when the operation working voltage of the electrolytic bath at a certain level is greater than the preset value, the first processing module cuts off the power supply; wherein the preset value is larger than the initial working voltage of each stage of electrolytic cell.

Preferably, the acquisition module is connected with a second processing module, and the second processing module is used for calculating the operation load of each stage of electrolytic cell in the initial operation stage; the second processing module is connected with the storage module, the storage module stores the operation load of each stage of electrolytic cell, and the second processing module is used for comparing the load required by operation with the operation load of the electrolytic cell and setting the stage number of the electrolytic cell connected with the power supply.

The electrolysis unit 6 comprises a polar plate 3 and diaphragm units symmetrically arranged on two sides of the polar plate 3, wherein each diaphragm unit comprises a diaphragm 4 and polar nets 5 symmetrically arranged on two sides of the diaphragm 4.

Specifically, the middle of two sides of the polar plate 3 is a circular groove, and a circular bulge 22 is arranged in the circular groove and used for supporting the polar net 5; the polar net 5 is woven from metal wires.

The diaphragm 4 divides the space between the polar plate 3 and the baffle plate electrode 2 and between the polar plate 3 and the end plate electrode 1 into a cathode chamber and an anode chamber;

the middle of the diaphragm 4 is made of porous material, and the periphery of the diaphragm is provided with a sealing gasket.

As shown in fig. 3, the middle of the two sides of the separator electrode 2 is a circular groove, and a plurality of circular protrusions 22 are arranged in the groove and used for supporting the electrode mesh 5.

The periphery of the separator electrode 2 is provided with bolt holes 21 for passing the fastening bolts 8.

The middle of one side of the end plate electrode 1 facing the interior of the electrolytic cell is a circular groove, a plurality of circular bulges 22 are arranged in the groove and used for supporting the electrode net 5, and the other side of the end plate electrode 1 is of a plane structure; the periphery of the end plate electrode 1 is provided with bolt holes 21 for passing through the fastening bolts 8.

The whole length range of the fastening bolt 8 is threaded; the fastening nut 9 compresses and seals the pole plate 3, the pole net 5 and the diaphragm 4 through compressing the separator electrode 2 and the end plate electrode 1.

The terminals 7 are located on the separator electrode 2 and the end plate electrode 1.

The polar plate 3, the baffle plate electrode 2 and the end plate electrode 1 are made of steel plate nickel plating materials, and a plurality of alkali liquor access holes are formed in the outer ring.

The polar net 5 is a nickel net, wherein the surface of the nickel net on one side of the cathode chamber is plated with a catalytic layer.

The porous material in the middle of the diaphragm 4 is polyphenylene sulfide woven cloth with the surface modified by hydrophilicity.

As shown in fig. 1, the terminal 7 of the left end plate electrode 1 is connected to the anode of the dc power supply, and the remaining separator electrode 2 and the terminal 7 of the end plate electrode 1 are connected to the cathode of the dc power supply.

The first stage of the electrolytic cell is arranged between the end plate electrode 1 and the separator electrode 2 or between the separator electrodes 2.

The working method of the multistage electrolytic cell system is realized by using the system and comprises the following steps:

1. the direct current power supply is switched on, the binding post 7 of the leftmost end plate of the electrolytic cell is switched on to be the anode, and meanwhile, the binding post 7 of one of the clapboard electrodes 2 or the other end plate electrode 1 is switched on to be used as the cathode; setting the working current density as a rated current density A;

2. switching on the binding posts 7 of the cathodes, adjusting the current simultaneously, keeping the working current density at a rated current density A, and recording the working voltage between the anode and each cathode in sequence, wherein the working voltage between the anode and the first, second and third cathodes from left to right is V in sequence₁、V₂、V₃......V_n；

3. Calculating the working voltage of each stage of electrolytic cell in the initial operation stage, wherein the working voltage of the first stage electrolytic cell, the second stage electrolytic cell and the third stage electrolytic cell is respectively V₁、V₂-V₁、V₃-V₂......V_n-V_n-1；

4. After a long time of operation, when V₁、V₂-V₁、V₃-V₂......V_n-V_n-1When one or more numerical values are larger than 120% of the initial value, the corresponding first-stage electrolytic cell needs to be disassembled, overhauled and maintained, the power supply is cut off, alkali liquor is discharged, the fastening nut 9, the end plate electrode 1, the pole net 5, the diaphragm 4 and the partition plate electrode 2 are disassembled from the side closest to the pole, and the electrolytic cell is overhauled and maintained.

The method also comprises the adjustment of the operation load, the total load of the operation of the electrolytic cell is set as Q, the operation load of the x-level electrolytic cell is xQ/n, x is an integer, and x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to n;

when the load required by operation is Qr and (x-1) Q/n < Qr is less than or equal to xQ/n (x is an integer, x is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to n), the working current density is adjusted to be nAQr/(xQ), and meanwhile, the xth cathode is switched on.

The invention divides the electrolytic cell into a plurality of stages by adding the clapboard electrode 2 with the binding post 7, can respectively monitor the operation condition of each stage of electrolytic cell in real time, judges the operation condition of each stage of electrolytic cell through the change of voltage, and is convenient to position the fault section of the electrolytic cell when the operation is in fault;

by dividing the electrolytic cell into multiple stages, the stage number of the electrolytic cell connected with a power supply can be set according to the requirement of the operation load, the operation load is prevented from being adjusted by greatly changing the current density, the large change of the current density is reduced, and the stability of the operation of the system is maintained;

through dividing into the electrolysis trough multistage, every level is fixed with fastening bolt 8 respectively, when judging certain one-level electrolysis trough operational failure, can not dismantle full electrolysis trough, but from closing on one end and dismantling, causes a large amount of sealing materials to change after avoiding whole dismantlements of electrolysis trough, practices thrift the maintenance cost.