阅读说明：本技术 一种可见光高透过率的复合膜红外选择辐射体及其用途 (Composite film infrared selective radiator with high visible light transmittance and application thereof ) 是由 王军 张雷 屈绍波 王甲富 冯明德 朱颖 随赛 于 2021-09-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及红外伪装技术领域,尤其涉及一种可见光高透过率的复合膜红外选择辐射体及其用途。该复合膜红外选择辐射体从内到外依次为反射层、介质层、损耗层和阻抗匹配层-(,)反射层为低阻ITO薄膜,介质间隔层为ZnS薄膜,损耗层为半透射型ITO薄膜,阻抗匹配层为ZnS薄膜。对膜层损伤小,选择电子级实验玻璃作为透明基底,依次沉积上反射层ITO、介质层ZnS、损耗层ITO和阻抗匹配层ZnS,制备的膜层具有良好的致密度和均匀性。本发明可在红外非大气窗口内实现高发射率,大气窗口内实现低发射率,在具备良好红外隐身性能的同时具有可见光高透过率,本发明具有膜层少、加工简单,选择辐射效果明显,可见光透过率高,可扩展制备等优点。(The invention relates to the technical field of infrared camouflage, in particular to a composite film infrared selective radiator with high visible light transmittance and application thereof. The composite film infrared selective radiator comprises a reflecting layer, a dielectric layer, a loss layer and an impedance matching layer from inside to outside in sequence ， The reflecting layer is a low-resistance ITO thin film, the medium spacing layer is a ZnS thin film, the loss layer is a semi-transmission type ITO thin film, and the impedance matching layer is a ZnS thin film. The damage to the film layer is small, electronic grade experimental glass is selected as a transparent substrate, and an upper reflecting layer ITO, a dielectric layer ZnS, a loss layer ITO and an impedance matching layer ZnS are sequentially deposited to prepare the filmThe prepared film layer has good density and uniformity. The invention can realize high emissivity in an infrared non-atmospheric window and low emissivity in an atmospheric window, has good infrared stealth performance and high visible light transmittance, and has the advantages of few film layers, simple processing, obvious selective radiation effect, high visible light transmittance, expandable preparation and the like.)

1. The composite film infrared selective radiator with high visible light transmittance is characterized by sequentially comprising a reflecting layer, a dielectric layer, a loss layer and an impedance matching layer from inside to outside, wherein the reflecting layer is a low-resistance ITO thin film, the dielectric spacing layer is a ZnS thin film, the loss layer is a semi-transmission type ITO thin film, and the impedance matching layer is a ZnS thin film.

2. The infrared selective radiator of the visible light high-transmittance composite film according to claim 1, wherein the target material of the ZnS thin film is zinc sulfide with a purity of not less than 99.99%, and the target material of the ITO thin film is indium tin oxide with a purity of not less than 99.99%.

3. The infrared selective radiator of claim 2, wherein the thicknesses of the film layers are, in order: the reflective layer is 300-2000nm, the spacing layer is 800-1200nm, the loss layer is 70-130nm, and the impedance matching layer is 300-900 nm.

4. The infrared selective radiator of claim 3, wherein all the layers are magnetron sputtering based and experimental glass is selected as the transparent substrate.

5. The infrared selective radiator of claim 4, wherein said test glass is soda-lime glass or quartz glass.

6. The IR selective radiator of claim 5, wherein the temperature of the magnetron sputtered film deposition substrate is set at 270-330 ℃.

7. Use of the infrared selective radiator of the visible light high transmittance composite film according to claim 1 as a light absorbing layer of an infrared camouflage device.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of infrared camouflage, in particular to a composite film infrared selective radiator with high visible light transmittance and application thereof.

Background

In nature, camouflage is a means of hiding oneself by merging into the background, often used to avoid predators to increase survival probability. This is also true in the art of infrared camouflage, which reduces the probability of detection by an infrared detector by reducing the difference between the intensity of the infrared radiation of the target and the intensity of the background radiation.

From stefan boltzmann's law, the infrared radiation intensity of the target is proportional to the emissivity and the fourth power of temperature. Therefore, the surface temperature and the surface emissivity are two extremely important influencing factors, and the infrared radiation intensity of the target can be regulated and controlled from the aspect. Thereby realizing infrared camouflage. The commonly used method for reducing the intensity of infrared radiation is to independently regulate and control the temperature and the emissivity by using a heat-insulating material, a low-emissivity material, an active cooling device and the like.

In the practical application, the atmospheric transmittance needs to be considered. The infrared selective radiator is low in emissivity camouflage at a detectable waveband, high in emissivity radiant heat at a non-detectable waveband, and accordingly emissivity and temperature are controlled, and the infrared selective radiator has high application value. However, the conventional external selective radiator has low visible light transmittance, and the application range of the infrared selective radiator is limited.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a composite film infrared selective radiator with high visible light transmittance and application thereof, and solves the problem that infrared camouflage is compatible with visible light in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a composite film infrared selective radiator with high visible light transmittance comprises a reflecting layer, a dielectric layer, a loss layer and an impedance matching layer from inside to outside in sequence_，The reflecting layer is a low-resistance ITO thin film, the medium spacing layer is a ZnS thin film, the loss layer is a semi-transmission type ITO thin film, and the impedance matching layer is a ZnS thin film.

Furthermore, the target material of the ZnS film is zinc sulfide with the purity of more than or equal to 99.99%, and the target material of the ITO film is indium tin oxide with the purity of more than or equal to 99.99%.

Further, the thickness of each film layer is as follows in sequence: the reflective layer is 300-2000nm, the spacing layer is 800-1200nm, the loss layer is 70-130nm, and the impedance matching layer is 300-900 nm.

Furthermore, all film layers are based on magnetron sputtering, and experimental glass is selected as a transparent substrate, wherein the experimental glass is soda-lime glass or quartz glass.

Further, the temperature range of the film deposition substrate of the magnetron sputtering is set to be 270-330 ℃.

The invention also provides application of the composite film infrared selective radiator with high visible light transmittance as a light absorption layer of an infrared camouflage device.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the film prepared by the method has good density and uniformity. The invention can realize high emissivity in an infrared non-atmospheric window and low emissivity in an atmospheric window, has good infrared stealth performance and high visible light transmittance, and has the advantages of few film layers, simple processing, obvious selective radiation effect, high visible light transmittance, expandable preparation and the like.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an infrared selective radiator of a composite film according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a thickness of a film layer of a composite film infrared selective radiator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a spectrum of a normal temperature emissivity of an infrared selective radiator of a composite film according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a graph of the visible light transmittance of the infrared selective radiator of the composite film according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a graph (600K) showing the radiation degree of the infrared selective radiator of the composite film according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments, but the invention should not be construed as being limited thereto. The technical means used in the following examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art, and materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples can be commercially available unless otherwise specified.

It should be appreciated that the infrared selective emitter has infrared spectrum selective emissivity characteristics that exhibit low emissivity camouflage in the detectable bands and high emissivity radiant heat in the non-detectable bands.

For convenience of understanding and explanation, a composite film infrared selective radiator with high visible light transmittance according to an embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 5, and fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the composite film infrared selective radiator with high visible light transmittance according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The preparation method of the composite film infrared selective radiator with high visible light transmittance comprises the following steps:

s1: the substrate was cleaned, and the test glass was cleaned with an acetone-ethanol solution (acetone-ethanol volume ratio 1: 1).

S2: the coating environment is that the coating chamber is vacuumized to 6 multiplied by 10^-6Toor, high purity Ar (99.99%) of 20sccm was introduced, the substrate temperature was set to 300 ℃ and the sputtering distance was set to Max.

S3: and (3) ITO film sputtering, wherein direct current sputtering is adopted, and the argon-oxygen ratio is set to be 40: 1The power was 115W (about 2.5W/cm)²) (ii) a Sputtering ZnS film by radio frequency sputtering with no additional oxygen gas at a power of 115W (about 2.5W/cm)²)；

Electronic grade experimental glass is selected as a transparent substrate, and an upper reflecting layer ITO, a dielectric layer ZnS, a loss layer ITO and an impedance matching layer ZnS are deposited in sequence, wherein the film layer does not need an additional annealing process, and the process complexity is reduced.

As shown in fig. 1, the infrared selective radiator includes: reflecting layer 1, spacing layer 2, loss layer 3, impedance matching layer 4.

Specifically, according to the composite film infrared selective radiator with high visible light transmittance provided by the embodiment of the invention, the substrate is selected at first, and the integrated infrared selective radiation camouflage glass which can be directly used is directly prepared by taking the soda-lime glass and the quartz glass with high visible light transmittance as the substrates.

Preferably, soda-lime glass is used as a substrate to reduce cost, facilitate thin film deposition, and ensure high visible light transmittance.

Preferably, the substrate temperature during fabrication is set at 300 ℃.

Preferably, high purity zinc sulfide (ZnS, 99.99%) and indium tin oxide (90 wt.% In) are selected₂O₃-10wt.％SnO₂99.99%) as a sputtering target.

Further, as shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the thicknesses of the composite film layers are, in order: the reflective layer ITO was 300nm, the spacer layer ZnS was 1000nm, the lossy layer ITO was 120nm and the impedance matching layer ZnS was 550 nm. According to the resonance principle of the resonant cavity, two resonance peaks which are in a frequency doubling relationship can be generated and are respectively positioned in two non-detection wave bands (2.5-3 mu m and 5-8 mu m), and the selective radiation of the two wave bands is realized. Fig. 3 shows an emissivity spectrum of an infrared selective emitter of the composite film according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 3, the composite film infrared selective radiator provided by the embodiment of the present invention has average emissivities of 0.27(3-5 μm) and 0.26(8-14 μm) in two detection windows, respectively, and emission peaks of 0.62(2.5-3 μm) and 0.93(5-8 μm) in two non-detection windows, respectively. Therefore, the composite film infrared selective radiator provided by the embodiment of the invention has a good selective radiation effect.

It should be understood that the material and the structural size of the above structure are only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the specific choice is determined according to the actual situation, which is not limited by the present invention.

It should be further understood that the above-mentioned materials provide a visible light transmittance curve of the infrared selective radiator of the composite film with high visible light transmittance according to the embodiment of the present invention as shown in fig. 4, and the average transmittance of the infrared selective radiator of the composite film with high visible light transmittance according to the embodiment of the present invention in the visible light band is 67.5%.

Fig. 5 shows a graph (600K) of the emissivity of the infrared selective radiator of the composite film according to the embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, when the composite film infrared selective radiator is in a 600K environment, the emission power of the composite film infrared selective radiator in two non-detection windows is 89.3W/m respectively²(2.5-3 μm) and 1878.5W/m²(5-8 μm). The double non-detection wave band emission function of the composite film infrared selective emitter can effectively radiate the heat of the composite film infrared selective emitter to the atmosphere in practical application, so that the infrared characteristic of the composite film infrared selective emitter in a detectable wave band is further reduced through radiation cooling.

In conclusion, the composite film infrared selective radiator with high visible light transmittance provided by the embodiment has good infrared and visible light compatibility, and has great application value in infrared camouflage and visible light transmission scenes.

While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.