阅读说明：本技术 一种用于萎缩牙槽骨修复的支架结构 (A supporting structure for atrophy alveolar bone is restoreed ) 是由 朱晓明 朱迪萌 于滢 于 2020-11-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种用于萎缩牙槽骨修复的支架结构,属于牙槽骨的人工修复领域,用于盖覆于缺失牙处的牙槽骨颌骨面的颊侧或舌侧上,包括：L字形的预成型支架；横向活瓣部,构成所述预成型支架的横向部分,且能够覆盖牙槽沿到牙根处的颌骨面的横向区域；纵向基体部,构成所述预成型支架的竖向部分,并与所述横向活瓣部连接呈L形；纵向基体部能够覆盖牙槽沿到牙根处的颌骨面的竖向区域；连接沿部用于连接嵌设在牙槽骨上的定位器；在预成型支架与牙槽骨的颌骨面之间形成用于植骨填料填充的植骨空间；植骨材料提供足够强度的支撑空间,其变形强度、拉伸强度都能够获得满足；其材料也是采用可吸收的材料,其横向活瓣部能够打开并填充植骨材料。(The invention relates to a bracket structure for repairing atrophic alveolar bone, belonging to the field of artificial repair of alveolar bone, which is used for covering the buccal side or the lingual side of the jaw bone surface of the alveolar bone at the position of a missing tooth and comprises: an L-shaped preformed bracket; a lateral flap portion constituting a lateral portion of the preformed bracket and capable of covering a lateral region of a jaw face from a socket edge to a root; the longitudinal base part forms the vertical part of the preformed bracket and is connected with the transverse valve part to form an L shape; the longitudinal base part can cover the vertical area of the jaw face from the tooth socket edge to the tooth root; the connecting edge part is used for connecting a positioner embedded on the alveolar bone; forming a bone grafting space for filling bone grafting filler between the preformed bracket and the jaw face of the alveolar bone; the bone grafting material provides a support space with enough strength, and the deformation strength and the tensile strength of the bone grafting material can be met; the material is also absorbable material, and the transverse valve part can be opened and filled with bone grafting material.)

1. A scaffold structure for atrophic alveolar bone repair, which is used to cover the buccal or lingual side of the alveolar bone maxillofacial surface at a missing tooth, comprising:

an L-shaped preformed bracket (6) having a width corresponding to the width of the single-tooth socket (51);

a lateral flap portion (601) constituting a lateral part of the preformed bracket (6) and capable of covering a lateral area of the jaw bone surface from the alveolar rim to the root of the tooth;

a longitudinal base portion (602) forming a vertical portion of the preform frame (6) and connected to the transverse flap portion (601) in an L-shape; the longitudinal base portion (602) is capable of covering a vertical area of the jaw face at the root of the tooth along the alveolar ridge;

the connecting edge part (603) is arranged at the edge of the vertical part of the preformed bracket (6) and is used for connecting the positioner (1) embedded on the alveolar bone; a bone grafting space for filling the bone grafting filler (4) is formed between the preformed bracket (6) and the jaw face of the alveolar bone (5).

2. A scaffold structure according to claim 1, characterized in that on the preformed scaffold (6) there are provided micropores (607) for isolating cells and allowing the passage of nutrients; one surfaces of the longitudinal base body part (602) and the transverse valve part (601) facing to the jaw bone are rough bone surfaces (604), and one surfaces of the longitudinal base body part (602) and the transverse valve part (601) back to the jaw bone are smooth mucosa surfaces (606).

3. The support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the preformed support (6) further comprises a wing portion extending from the left or right side of the longitudinal base portion (602) to the jawbone surface of the alveolar bone.

4. A framework structure for restoration of alveolar bone of multiple tooth atrophy, which is used for covering the buccal side or the lingual side of the jaw bone surface of the alveolar bone at the position of missing tooth, is characterized by comprising a row-shaped framework (2) for reconstruction of alveolar bone of multiple tooth missing, the width of which is equivalent to the total width of an alveolar socket (51) of missing multiple tooth; the row-shaped bracket (2) is formed by splicing a plurality of unit plates (203) along the length direction; each unit plate (203) comprises a base plate, a side arm (205), a shaft column part (206) and a buckle part (204), the base plate is arc-shaped, the side arm (205) is arranged on the left side of the base plate, the buckle part (204) is arranged on the right side of the base plate, the shaft column part (206) is arranged on the side arm (205), and the inner side of the unit plate (203) is provided with a hole groove; when the two unit plates (203) are butted, the side arm (205) at the left side of one unit plate (203) penetrates into the buckle part (204) of the other unit plate (203) and then enters into the waist-shaped hole groove which enables the shaft column part (206) to be inserted into the other unit plate (203); the longitudinal base part (602) is provided with an expansion part (608) protruding away from the filling space of the bone grafting filler (4).

5. A support structure as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the hole slots provided on the inner side of the unit plates (203) are kidney-shaped hole slots, and that the two unit plates (203) can be moved closer to or further away from each other, the distance of movement being limited by the length of the kidney-shaped hole slots.

6. The support structure of claim 4, wherein the eye-catching portion (204) and the side arms (205) are connected to the inner side of the base plate; the substrate is provided with a plurality of micropores (607), the micropores (607) are communicated with the inner side and the outer side of the substrate, and the micropores (607) filter external cells and allow the passage of nutrient substances.

7. The scaffold structure of claim 4, wherein a flap portion is provided at an upper edge of the base plate, one side of the flap portion extends to the alveolar edge and forms a bone grafting space between the jawbone surface and the base plate.

8. A scaffolding structure according to claims 1-7, characterized in that the fixture is adapted to be inserted into the alveolar bone (5) in a non-threaded manner, the fixture and the scaffolding structure being made of a heat-fusible material which is absorbable by the human body, the fixture comprising a post (103) and a stub (105), the post (103) being cylindrical, a plurality of projections being provided on the circumference of the post (103), all projections being distributed along the length of the post (103), adjacent projections being offset and forming scraping grooves (104) for bone powder collection between adjacent projections; the pile head part (105) and the columnar part (103) are integrally formed, the pile head part (105) is positioned at the nailing end of the columnar part (103), a V-shaped groove (106) is arranged on the pile head part (105), and the opening direction of the V-shaped groove (106) is the same as the nailing direction of the pile head part (105); the V-shaped groove (106) is used for bone residue aggregation.

9. A support structure according to claim 8, characterised in that the pile head (105) is provided with a compensating groove (110) on its rear side.

10. A stent structure as claimed in claim 8 wherein the protrusions are square, rectangular, U-shaped or concavo-convex along the circumference of the cylindrical portion (103).

Technical Field

The invention relates to a bracket structure for repairing atrophic alveolar bones, belonging to the field of artificial repair of alveolar bones.

Background

Alveolar bone, also known as alveolar process, surrounds the jaw bone protrusion of the root of the tooth; the socket for accommodating teeth is called an alveolar socket, alveolar bones between two teeth are called alveolar spaces, and the interdental alveolar bones of a plurality of teeth are called interdental bones; the alveolar bone is the part of the lower edge of the maxilla and the upper edge of the mandible, which is embedded with the tooth root; alveolar process parts of the upper and lower jawbones, which are inherent alveolar bones close to the inner walls of tooth roots and periodontal ligament, are a layer of compact bone with meshes and are attached with periodontal ligament fibers; alveolar bone is the most variable part in the skeletal system of the whole body, and the change can reflect the reconstruction process of bone tissues; it grows with the growth and eruption of teeth, and develops well due to physiological functional stimulation; after loss of teeth, normal functional stimulation is lost and disuse atrophy can occur. Excessive irritation can also cause traumatic absorption.

When a human body grows with age and teeth fall off, alveolar bones are often deformed and alveolar bones are atrophied, and in this way, after the alveolar bones are deformed or atrophied, teeth cannot be directly planted on the original alveolar bones, because the planted teeth can cause secondary damage to the originally atrophied alveolar bones and cause the basal bodies of the planted teeth to fall off or collapse, after the alveolar bones are atrophied, the alveolar bones need to be rebuilt to thicken and shape the alveolar bones, so that the teeth can be planted after the conditions of the planted teeth are met, the existing alveolar bone repairing technology usually adopts a titanium mesh for shaping and repairing, the titanium mesh is usually fixed by screws, and in this way, the titanium mesh is taken out for secondary operation, and the tapping and screwing processes of the screws cause multiple damages to the fragile alveolar bones, and the patients cause secondary damage, therefore, there is no alveolar bone repair method available in the market that can be used without repeated surgery and does not cause damage to the existing alveolar bone.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is designed to solve the above problems and to provide a scaffold structure capable of providing a bone grafting space for thickening and repairing an alveolar bone that suffers from atrophy.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

the present invention discloses a scaffold structure for repairing atrophic alveolar bone, which is used for covering the buccal side or lingual side of the maxillary bone surface of alveolar bone at the deficient tooth, comprising:

the width of the L-shaped preformed bracket is equivalent to that of the alveolar fossa of the single tooth;

a lateral flap portion constituting a lateral portion of the preformed bracket and capable of covering a lateral region of a jaw face from a socket edge to a root;

the longitudinal base part forms the vertical part of the preformed bracket and is connected with the transverse valve part to form an L shape; the longitudinal base portion is capable of covering a vertical area of the jaw face from the alveolar edge to the root;

the connecting edge part is arranged at the edge of the vertical part of the preformed bracket and is used for connecting a positioner embedded on the alveolar bone;

and forming a bone grafting space filled with bone grafting fillers between the preformed bracket and the jaw face of the alveolar bone.

Optionally, an expansion part protruding from the filling space of the bone grafting filler is arranged on the longitudinal base body part.

Optionally, micropores for isolating cells and allowing nutrients to pass through are arranged on the preformed support; one surfaces of the longitudinal base body part and the transverse valve part facing to the jaw bone are rough bone surfaces, and one surfaces of the longitudinal base body part and the transverse valve part back to the jaw bone are smooth mucosa surfaces.

Optionally, the preformed bracket further comprises a wing portion extending from the left or right side of the longitudinal base portion to the jawbone face of the alveolar bone.

Optionally, the tooth socket also comprises a row-shaped bracket, the width of which is equivalent to the total width of the tooth socket without multiple teeth; the row-shaped support is formed by splicing a plurality of unit plates along the length direction.

Optionally, each unit plate includes a base plate, side arms, a shaft column part and a ring fastening part, the base plate is in an arc plate shape, the side arms are arranged on the left side of the base plate, the ring fastening part is arranged on the right side of the base plate, the shaft column part is arranged on the side arms, and the inner sides of the unit plates are provided with hole slots; when the two unit plates are butted, the side arm at the left side of one unit plate penetrates into the buckle part of the other unit plate and then enters into the waist-shaped hole groove which enables the shaft column part to be inserted into the other unit plate.

Optionally, the hole slots are waist-shaped hole slots arranged on the inner sides of the unit plates, and the two unit plates can move close to or away from each other, and the movable distance of the two unit plates is limited by the length of the waist-shaped hole slots.

Optionally, the ring buckle part and the side arm are both connected to the inner side of the base plate; the substrate is provided with a plurality of micropores which are communicated with the inner side and the outer side of the substrate and filter external cells and allow the nutrient substances to pass through.

Optionally, a flap portion is arranged at the upper edge of the base plate, the flap portion extends to the alveolar edge, and a bone grafting space for filling bone grafting material is formed between the jawbone surface and the base plate.

Optionally, the positioner is used for being inserted into the alveolar bone in a non-threaded manner, the positioner and the bracket structure are made of a hot-melt material which can be absorbed by a human body, the positioner comprises a columnar part and a pile head part, the columnar part is columnar, a plurality of bulges are arranged on the peripheral surface of the columnar part, all the bulges are distributed along the length direction of the columnar part, adjacent bulges are arranged in a staggered manner, and a scraping groove for collecting bone powder is formed between the adjacent bulges; the pile head part and the columnar part are integrally formed, the pile head part is positioned at the nailing end of the columnar part, the pile head part is provided with a V-shaped groove, and the opening direction of the V-shaped groove is the same as the nailing direction of the pile head part; the V-shaped groove is used for bone residue aggregation.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the transverse valve part and the longitudinal base part of the preformed bracket have curved surface designs, so that the characteristic of a hyperboloid is formed, a supporting space with enough strength is provided for bone grafting materials, and the deformation strength and the tensile strength of the supporting space can be met; in addition, the material is also made of absorbable material, and the transverse valve part can be conveniently opened and used for planting the effect of aggregate filling;

2. the scheme provides two support structures, wherein the preformed support is used for repairing alveolar bones with single tooth loss and atrophy, the row-shaped support is used for repairing alveolar bones with multiple tooth loss and atrophy, and the row-shaped support is formed by freely splicing a plurality of unit plates, so that the support in the scheme can be suitable for reconstructing and repairing the alveolar bones under the condition of continuous multiple tooth loss;

3. the supporting structure in this scheme adopts absorbable material, can need not the secondary operation and carry out equipment dismantlement after once operation repairs to reduce patient's misery.

4. The positioning dowel pin in the scheme adopts a non-threaded connection mode, so that primary damage to the alveolar bone in a thread tapping process is avoided; meanwhile, secondary damage to the side wall of the bone hole caused by bone residues rotating along with the threads cannot exist, in addition, the positioning nail adopting the thread design is more prone to fracture, secondary punching is needed if the positioning nail is fractured, possible tertiary damage exists, if the positioning nail is designed to have the strength of thread tapping, the density of the positioning nail is inevitably higher, and fourth damage is inevitably caused by material expansion existing during dissolution; and this design adopts the design of nail stake, and the mode that its straight line was nailed in can not lead to the fact the injury that the tapping formed to the bone hole lateral wall, and simultaneously, the design of the V-arrangement groove of stake head portion can gather the bone sediment, avoids the injury of bone sediment to the bone hole, and in addition, the design of scraping the groove can gather the bone meal on the bone hole lateral wall to avoid the bone meal to dissolve the hindrance of infiltration in-process at the locator.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a capless retainer;

FIG. 2 is a density schematic of a capless retainer;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a pile head of the positioner;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a pile head with compensating grooves;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a capped retainer;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a capped retainer;

FIG. 7 is a view of the structure of the tail cap portion;

FIG. 8 is a density schematic of a capped retainer;

FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a capped retainer with retaining channels;

FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a preform holder;

FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a preformed stent with wings;

FIG. 12 is a partial cross-sectional view of a preformed stent taken through the thickness thereof;

FIG. 13 is a view showing a state of use of the preform support;

FIG. 14 is a view showing a state of use of the row stand;

FIG. 15 is another use state diagram of the row stand;

FIG. 16 is a structural view of a unit plate;

FIG. 17 is a side view of the cell plate;

FIG. 18 is a block diagram of an ultrasonic welder.

Reference numerals: 1-positioner, 101-positioning blind hole, 102-tail cap part, 103-column part, 104-scraping groove, 105-pile head part, 106-V-shaped groove, 107-peripheral longitudinal pipe, 108-bone slag stacking layer, 109-bone slag stacking layer, 110-compensation groove, 111-positioning through hole, 2-row bracket, 201-buccal side frame plate, 202-lingual side frame plate, 203-unit plate, 204-buckle part, 205-side arm, 206-axial column part, 207-waist-shaped hole groove, 208-flap part, 210-base plate, 3-dental implant base body, 4-bone implant filler, 5-alveolar bone, 51-alveolar fossa, 6-preformed bracket, 601-transverse flap part, 602-longitudinal base part, 603-connecting edge part, 604-bone surface, 605-convex pile part, 606-mucosa surface, 607-micropore, 608-expansion part, 609-flank part, 610-bone grafting space, 7-ultrasonic welding machine, 701-welding machine body, 702-buccal propeller, 703-lingual shaper, 704-first lingual propeller, 705-second lingual propeller and 706-buccal shaper.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-4, the cap-less locator 1 of the invention comprises a column part 103 and a pile head part 105, wherein the column part 103 and the pile head part 105 are made of a special material, which needs to have the characteristics of being decomposable and absorbable by human body and simultaneously has the characteristics of hot melting, plasticity and the like, and the material can be polylactic acid and the polymer material thereof.

As shown in fig. 1 or 3, the circumferential side wall of the columnar part 103 is provided with protrusions in different directions, adjacent protrusions are protruded in different directions to form staggered layers, and scraping grooves 104 are formed between the staggered layers, and the scraping grooves 104 can scrape and collect bone meal on the side wall of the bone hole.

The protrusion of the above columnar portion 103 may be designed to be square, rectangular, U-shaped, or concave-convex shape along the circumferential direction, so that different shapes may be selected according to actual needs, so that the columnar portion 103 can have stronger holding force after being inserted into the bone hole, thereby promoting the penetration of the columnar portion 103 into the bone gap after being melted.

As shown in fig. 1 or 3, the pile head 105 is in a dovetail shape or V-shape, a V-shaped groove 106 is arranged at the pile head 105, the opening direction of the V-shaped groove 106 is the same as the nailing direction of the positioner 1, and the V-shaped groove 106 can gather bone residues left in the bone hole to form a bone residue pile layer 108.

As shown in fig. 1, a blind positioning hole 101 is further provided at the tail of the columnar portion 103, and the blind positioning hole 101 is used for connecting a specific tool, which can be inserted into the blind positioning hole 101 and connected with the positioner 1.

When the locator 1 is used, bone holes are required to be formed on the buccal side or the lingual side of the alveolar bone 5 by using a drill, the bone holes formed on the buccal side face the lingual side, the bone holes formed on the lingual side face the bone side, and bone residues and bone powder are remained in the bone holes; the locator 1 is pushed into a bone hole under the pushing of a tool, and the locator 1 is not rotated in the process of being nailed into the bone hole, at the moment, the protrusion of the staggered structure of the columnar part 103 can scrape and collect bone powder on the side wall of the bone hole to the scraping and collecting groove 104; meanwhile, the dovetail shape at the pile head part 105 can gather bone residues to the V-shaped groove 106 to form a bone residue pile layer 108 in the nailing process; the bone residues are gathered to prevent the positioner 1 from pushing to drive the bone residues to rotate or rub the side wall of the bone hole so as to cause repeated injury to the alveolar bone 5 in the process of nailing the positioner 1.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 1-4, the cap-less locator 1 of the invention comprises a column part 103 and a pile head part 105, wherein the column part 103 and the pile head part 105 are made of a special material, which needs to have the characteristics of being decomposable and absorbable by human body and simultaneously has the characteristics of hot melting, plasticity and the like, and the material can be polylactic acid and the polymer material thereof.

As shown in fig. 1 or 3, the circumferential side wall of the columnar part 103 is provided with protrusions in different directions, adjacent protrusions are protruded in different directions to form staggered layers, and scraping grooves 104 are formed between the staggered layers, and the scraping grooves 104 can scrape and collect bone meal on the side wall of the bone hole.

As shown in fig. 1 or 3, the pile head 105 is in a dovetail shape or V-shape, a V-shaped groove 106 is arranged at the pile head 105, the opening direction of the V-shaped groove 106 is the same as the nailing direction of the positioner 1, and the V-shaped groove 106 can gather bone residues left in the bone hole to form a bone residue pile layer 108.

As shown in fig. 1, a blind positioning hole 101 is further provided at the tail of the columnar portion 103, and the blind positioning hole 101 is used for connecting a specific tool, which can be inserted into the blind positioning hole 101 and connected with the positioner 1.

Not shown in the figure, a plurality of peripheral longitudinal pipes 107 are embedded in the side wall of the positioning blind hole 101, and the peripheral longitudinal pipes 107 are communicated with the positioning blind hole 101 and the circumferential side wall of the positioner 1; the thermal melting point of the peripheral longitudinal tube 107 is higher than that of the locator 1, and the peripheral longitudinal tube 107 is also made of a material which can be dissolved and absorbed in the human body, and the melting temperature of the peripheral longitudinal tube 107 is higher than the welding temperature of the locator 1; so as to accelerate the cooling speed of the positioner 1 after welding, the diameter of the peripheral longitudinal tube 107 is generally selected to be 0.01-0.03 mm.

As shown in fig. 4, a compensation groove 110 is provided at the rear side of the pile head 105, the compensation groove 110 is used for facilitating the opening of the V-shaped groove 106, when the bone residue pile layer 108 of the V-shaped groove 106 is formed, the bone residue pile layer 108 can push the two sides of the dovetail-shaped pile head 105 to open oppositely, the compensation groove 110 can facilitate the compensation of the opening of the pile head 105, and the opened pile head 105 can expand radially to fix the positioner 1.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 2-9, a cap locator 1 of the present invention comprises a column portion 103, a pile head portion 105 and a tail cap portion 102; the column part 103, the pile head part 105 and the tail cap part 102 are integrally made of special materials, the pile head part 105 and the tail cap part 102 are respectively connected with the front end and the rear end of the column part 103, and the special materials need to have the characteristics of being decomposable and absorbed by the human body and simultaneously have the characteristics of hot melting, plasticity and the like.

As shown in fig. 5 or 9, the circumferential side wall of the columnar part 103 is provided with protrusions in different directions, and adjacent protrusions are protruded in different directions to form staggered layers, and scraping grooves 104 are formed between the staggered layers, and the scraping grooves 104 can scrape bone powder on the side wall of the bone hole; the projection may be designed as a square, rectangle, U-shape, or a circumferentially concave-convex shape, etc.

As shown in fig. 3 or 4, the pile head 105 is in a dovetail shape or V-shape, a V-shaped groove 106 is arranged at the pile head 105, the opening direction of the V-shaped groove 106 is the same as the nailing direction of the positioner 1, and the V-shaped groove 106 can gather the bone residues left in the bone hole to form a bone residue pile layer 108.

As shown in fig. 4, a compensation groove 110 is provided at the rear side of the pile head 105, and after the formation of the bone cement pile 108 of the V-shaped groove 106, the bone cement pile 108 can push the two sides of the dovetail-shaped pile head 105 to expand and expand oppositely to fix the retainer 1, and the compensation groove 110 can compensate the expansion of the pile head 105.

As shown in fig. 7, the diameter of the tail cap portion 102 is larger than that of the column portion 103, and a blind positioning hole 101 is further provided at the tail of the tail cap portion 102, and the blind positioning hole 101 is used for connecting a specific tool so as to guide the driving direction of the positioner 1.

As shown in fig. 7, a plurality of peripheral longitudinal pipes 107 are embedded in the side wall of the positioning blind hole 101, and the peripheral longitudinal pipes 107 communicate the positioning blind hole 101 with the circumferential side wall of the positioner 1; the thermal melting point of the peripheral longitudinal tube 107 is higher than that of the locator 1, and the peripheral longitudinal tube 107 is also made of a material which can be dissolved and absorbed in the human body, and the melting temperature of the peripheral longitudinal tube 107 is higher than the welding temperature of the locator 1; so as to accelerate the cooling speed of the positioner 1 after welding, the diameter of the peripheral longitudinal tube 107 is generally selected to be 0.01-0.03 mm.

Example 4

As shown in fig. 1-9, a positioner 1 of the present invention comprises a column portion 103, a pile head portion 105; the pile head 105 is attached to the leading end of the columnar portion 103 and constitutes the cap-less retainer 1 in embodiment 1, and the tail cap portion 102 may be attached to the trailing end of the columnar portion 103 to constitute the cap-equipped retainer 1 in embodiment 3.

Projections in different directions are arranged on the circumferential side wall of the columnar part 103, staggered layers are formed by adjacent projections in different directions, scraping grooves 104 are formed between staggered layers, and the scraping grooves 104 can scrape bone powder on the side wall of the bone hole; the projection may be designed as a square, rectangle, U-shape, or a circumferentially concave-convex shape, etc.

The pile head 105 is in a dovetail shape or a V shape, a V-shaped groove 106 is arranged at the pile head 105, the opening direction of the V-shaped groove 106 is the same as the nailing direction of the positioner 1, and the V-shaped groove 106 can gather residual bone slag in a bone hole to form a bone slag pile layer 108.

A positioning through hole 111 is provided in the fixture 1, and the positioning through hole 111 communicates with the V-shaped groove 106 at the pile head 105, so that the bone cement pile 108 can be removed from the positioning through hole 111, thereby preventing the bone cement pile 108 from being affected during the restoration of the alveolar bone 5.

Example 5

As shown in fig. 1-9, a positioner 1 of the present invention comprises a column portion 103, a pile head portion 105; the pile head 105 is attached to the leading end of the columnar portion 103 and constitutes the cap-less retainer 1 in embodiment 1, and the tail cap portion 102 may be attached to the trailing end of the columnar portion 103 to constitute the cap-equipped retainer 1 in embodiment 3.

The circumferential side wall of the columnar part 103 is provided with protrusions in different directions, the adjacent protrusions form staggered layers in different directions, a scraping collecting groove 104 is formed between the staggered layers, the scraping collecting groove 104 can scrape bone meal on the side wall of a bone hole, the pile head part 105 is in a dovetail shape or a V shape, a V-shaped groove 106 is arranged at the position of the pile head part 105, and the opening direction of the V-shaped groove 106 is the same as the nailing direction of the positioner 1.

The locator 1 has different densities along the length direction, and the density of the two ends of the locator 1 is greater than the density of the middle of the locator 1, namely, different density areas are arranged along the length direction of the locator 1, the density of the end part of the locator 1 is greater than the density of the middle part, the characteristic is matched with that the surface layer bone density of the alveolar bone 5 is greater than the inner layer bone density, and the locator 1 can also be provided with 3-5 density areas with different densities to realize the gradual change of the density; therefore, the dissolving speed of the positioner 1 along different parts of the length direction is different, and the positioning can be guaranteed while the nail-shaped positioner is accelerated to dissolve more quickly.

Example 6

As shown in FIGS. 10 to 13, the present invention discloses a pre-formed stent 6 for a single tooth, the pre-formed stent 6 is integrally formed of a special material which is required to have characteristics of being decomposable and absorbable by the human body, and simultaneously should have characteristics of hot melting and plasticity; the material can be polylactic acid and polymer material thereof.

The preforming bracket 6 is in an L-shaped structure, and the preforming bracket 6 comprises a transverse flap part 601, a longitudinal base part 602 and a connecting edge part 603; the transverse flap part 601 forms a transverse part of an L-shaped structure, the longitudinal base body part 602 forms a vertical part of the L-shaped structure, the transverse flap part 601 is connected to the upper part of the longitudinal base body part 602, the lower edge of the longitudinal base body part 602 is V-shaped, the connecting edge part 603 is arranged at the V-shaped edge of the longitudinal base body part 602, the transverse flap part 601 can extend from the buccal side of the alveolar bone 5 to the alveolar edge at the outer side from the outside to the inside, or the lingual side transverse flap part 601 can extend from the lingual side of the alveolar bone 5 to the alveolar edge at the inner side from the lingual side to the outside; the upper part of the longitudinal base part 602 is connected with the transverse flap part 601, and the lower side of the longitudinal base part 602 extends downwards to the mandible surface or the maxilla surface, so that a bone grafting space for filling the bone grafting material can be formed between the inner side of the preformed bracket 6 and the mandible and the maxilla.

When the capless locator 1 is used for connection, firstly, bone holes are formed in the maxilla or the mandible, then the capless locator 1 is nailed into the bone holes, then the preformed bracket 6 is attached to the capless locator 1, the inner side of the connecting edge part 603 of the preformed bracket 6 is attached to the tail part of the capless locator 1, and then the attaching positions are welded together through the ultrasonic system 7.

When the cap type positioner 1 is used for connection, bone holes are formed in the maxilla or the mandible firstly, then holes corresponding to the positions of the bone holes are formed in the connecting edge portion 603 of the preformed bracket 6, and the cap type positioner 1 penetrates through the preformed bracket 6 and is nailed into the bone holes, so that the preformed bracket 6 is fixed to the mandible or the maxilla.

Example 7

As shown in Figs. 10 to 13, the present invention discloses a pre-formed holder 6 for a single tooth, in which the pre-formed holder 6 is integrally formed of a special material. The preformed bracket 6 is in an L-shaped structure, and the preformed bracket 6 comprises a transverse flap part 601, a longitudinal base part 602, a side wing part and a connecting edge part 603; the transverse valve part 601 forms a transverse part of an L-shaped structure, the longitudinal base body part 602 forms a vertical part of the L-shaped structure, the lateral wing part is arranged at the left side or the right side of the longitudinal base body part 602, the lateral wing part and the longitudinal base body part 602 are integrally formed, the lateral wing part extends from the left side or the right side of the longitudinal base body part 602 to the alveolar bone to reach the jaw face of the alveolar bone, the connecting edge part 603 is arranged at the edges of the longitudinal base body part 602 and the lateral wing part, the transverse valve part 601 can extend from the buccal side to the outside and the inside of the alveolar bone 5 to the outside alveolar edge, or the lingual side transverse valve part 601 can extend from the lingual side of the alveolar bone 5 to the inside alveolar edge; the upper part of the longitudinal base part 602 is connected with the transverse flap part 601, the lower side of the longitudinal base part 602 extends downwards to the mandible surface or the maxilla surface, and a bone grafting space for filling the bone grafting material is formed between the inner side of the preformed bracket 6 and the mandible and the maxilla.

The inner side surface of the preformed support 6 is a bone surface 604 contacting the bone grafting material, the outer side surface of the preformed support 6 is a mucosa surface 606, the bone surface 604 is polished to be rough, the roughness Ra is 1.6-3.2 microns, so that the reliability of the connection between the bone grafting material and the preformed support 6 is ensured, and meanwhile, in order to further improve the connection firmness, a convex pile part 605 can be arranged on the bone surface 604; the mucosal surface 606 is polished smooth.

The preformed support 6 is provided with a plurality of micropores 607, the micropores 607 are communicated with the inner side and the outer side of the preformed support 6, the pore diameter of the micropores 607 is 0.05-0.1mm, the micropores 607 are used for preventing external cells from entering the bone grafting material and not blocking the passing of nutrient substances, and the filtering effect of movement is achieved.

The longitudinal base 602 has an expansion part 608 in the middle part, which is convexly curved outward, and the expansion part 608 protrudes out of the longitudinal base 602, so that a larger bone grafting space for filling bone grafting material is formed inside the preformed bracket 6.

Example 8

As shown in fig. 14-17, the invention discloses a row-shaped rack 2 for multiple teeth, the row-shaped rack 2 is long, the row-shaped rack 2 is formed by splicing a plurality of unit plates 203 along the length direction, each unit plate 203 comprises a base plate 210, a side arm 205, a shaft column part 206 and a buckle part 204, the base plate 210 is arc-shaped, the side arm 205 is arranged at the left side of the base plate 210, the buckle part 204 is arranged at the right side of the base plate 210, the shaft column part 206 is arranged on the side arm 205, and the inner side of the unit plate 203 is provided with a kidney-shaped hole groove; when the two unit plates 203 are butted, the side arm 205 at the left side of one unit plate 203 penetrates into the buckle part 204 of the other unit plate 203 and then enters into the waist-shaped hole slot which enables the shaft column part 206 to be inserted into the other unit plate 203.

After the two unit plates 203 are spliced, the unit plates 203 can rotate relative to the other unit plate 203 by a certain angle, the rotation angle is generally 0-10 degrees, and the two unit plates 203 can move close to or away from each other, and the movable distance of the two unit plates 203 is limited by the length of the kidney-shaped hole slot, namely, the movable distance of the shaft column part 206 in the kidney-shaped hole slot is the movable distance between the two unit plates 203.

In addition, the buckle part 204 and the side arm 205 are connected to the inner side of the base plate 210 instead of the side edge, so that the problem of uneven height or overlarge gap after the two unit plates 203 are spliced does not occur.

The flap part 208 is arranged at the upper edge of the base plate 210 and can extend inwards and abut against the alveolar edge, and at the moment, a bone grafting space for filling bone grafting materials can be formed between the mandible surface and the base plate 210.

The substrate 210 is provided with a plurality of micropores 607, the micropores 607 are communicated with the inner side and the outer side of the substrate 210, the pore diameter of the micropores 607 is 0.05-0.1mm, the micropores 607 are used for preventing external cells from entering the bone grafting material and not blocking the passing of nutrient substances, and the filtering function of movement is achieved.

When the cap-free type positioner 1 is used for connecting the row-shaped brackets 2, bone holes are formed in the maxilla or the mandible firstly, then the cap-free type positioner 1 is nailed into the bone holes, then the row-shaped brackets 2 are spliced to a proper length and attached to the cap-free type positioner 1, the inner side of the edge of the row-shaped brackets 2 is attached to the tail of the cap-free type positioner 1, and then the attachment positions are welded together through the ultrasonic system 7.

When the cap-type positioner 1 is used for connecting the row-shaped bracket 2, bone holes are firstly formed in the maxilla or the mandible, then the row-shaped bracket 2 is provided with holes corresponding to the positions of the bone holes, and the cap-type positioner 1 penetrates through the row-shaped bracket 2 and is nailed into the bone holes, so that the row-shaped bracket 2 is fixed to the mandible or the maxilla.

After the cap type positioner 1 or the cap-free type positioner 1 is connected with the row-shaped bracket 2, the dental implant base body is required to be inserted into the alveolar socket 51, then bone grafting materials are poured into the gap space among the alveolar bone 5, the row-shaped bracket 2 and the dental implant base body, the bone grafting materials are poured only by pulling the valve part 208 open, and after the pouring is finished, the valve part 208 is restored.

Example 9

As shown in fig. 18, the present invention discloses an ultrasonic system 7, the ultrasonic system 7 includes a welder body 701 and a buccal propeller 702, a lingual shaper 703, a second lingual propeller 705, a first lingual propeller 704, a buccal shaper 706, etc. connected to the welder body 701, respectively, the welder body 701 is a commercially available ultrasonic generator; transducers corresponding to the ultrasonic generators are arranged in the buccal propeller 702, the lingual shaper 703, the second lingual propeller 705, the first lingual propeller 704 and the buccal shaper 706, and the difference of the five transducers is that the transducers have different power and working frequency and different working tips; low frequency vibration transducers are provided in the buccal-lateral thruster 702, the second lingual-thruster 705 and the lingual-thrusters, the buccal-lateral thruster 702, the second lingual-thruster 705 and the first lingual-thruster 704 acting to couple the fixture 1 and to thrust the fixture 1 into the bone hole; high frequency vibration transducers are arranged on the cheek-side shaper 706 and the lingual-side shaper 703, and the cheek-side shaper 706 and the lingual-side shaper 703 function to weld the contact positions of the row of brackets 2 or the retainer 1 together.

The buccal propeller 702 has a conical working tip, the buccal shaper 706 has a convex disc-shaped working head, the lingual shaper 703, the second lingual pusher 705, and the first lingual pusher 704 have barb-shaped working heads, wherein the working head of the lingual shaper 703 has a circular arc shape, the working head of the second lingual pusher 705 has a receptacle for inserting the capless retainer 1, and the working head of the first lingual pusher 704 has a t-shape.

The steps of the artificial reconstruction of the alveolar bone 5 by using the cap type locator 1 are as follows:

s 1: a plurality of bone holes are formed on the edge of the jaw bone surface area to be repaired by using a bone drill;

s 2: taking the first lingual thruster 704 and the buccal thruster 702 for standby;

s 3: forming holes in the connecting edge part 603 of the preformed bracket 6, wherein the hole forming positions need to correspond to bone holes one by one, fixing the capped locator 1 on the working tip of the buccal propeller 702, and placing the capped locator 1 in the holes formed in the periphery of the preformed bracket 6;

s 4: inserting each locator 1 into a corresponding bone hole, starting a welding machine body 701, and pushing the locator 1 into the bone hole by using a first lingual thruster 704 or a buccal thruster 702;

s 5: form three-dimensional bone grafting space between preforming support 6 and human jaw bone face, pack into commercially available bone grafting material in three-dimensional bone grafting space, form the early structure of preforming bone, bone grafting material and alveolar bone fuse together and preforming support 6 and locator 1 rather than dissolving and absorbing for the back, accomplish alveolar bone 5 artificial reconstruction promptly.

The steps when using the cap-free type locator 1 to carry out the artificial reconstruction of the alveolar bone 5 are as follows:

s 1: a plurality of bone holes are formed on the edge of the jaw bone surface area to be repaired by using a bone drill;

s 2: taking a first lingual propeller 704, a buccal propeller 702, a buccal shaper 706 and a lingual shaper 703 for standby;

s 3: fixing the cap-less fixture 1 on the tip of the buccal-side pusher 702 or the second lingual-side pusher 705, inserting each fixture 1 into the corresponding bone hole, and pushing the fixture 1 into the bone hole using the second lingual-side pusher 705 or the buccal-side pusher 702;

s 4: and (3) attaching the connecting edge part 603 of the preformed support 6 to the tail part of each uncapped locator 1, and welding by using a buccal side shaper 706 or a lingual side shaper 703 to integrally connect the locator 1 and the preformed support 6, wherein the working frequency of a welding machine body 701 is 20-40 KHz and the output power is 12-50w during welding.

s 5: form three-dimensional bone grafting space between preforming support 6 and human jaw bone face, fill in three-dimensional bone grafting space and implant bone material, form the early structure of preforming bone, implant bone material and alveolar bone and fuse as an organic whole and preforming support 6 and locator 1 rather than dissolving and absorbing for the back, accomplish alveolar bone 5 artificial reconstruction promptly.

The above examples are merely examples for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the embodiments; other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

The above examples are merely examples for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the embodiments; other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are intended to be within the scope of the invention.