阅读说明：本技术 一种万向可调的骨折复位外固定器 (Universal adjustable external fixator for fracture reduction ) 是由 程晓东 陈伟 张奇 李泳龙 朱剑 张英泽 于 2021-09-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种万向可调的骨折复位外固定器,包括掌侧上固定板、掌侧下固定板、前臂上固定板、前臂下固定板和万向球机构,所述掌侧上固定板与掌侧下固定板分别贴靠在患者的掌背和掌心并通过魔术贴绷带捆扎在一起,所述前臂上固定板包覆在患者的小臂背部,所述前臂下固定板贴靠在患者的小臂内侧并通过魔术贴绷带与前臂上固定板连接,掌侧上固定板与前臂上固定板之间通过万向球机构转动连接,所述万向球机构设有锁止机构。本发明的掌侧上固定板相对于前臂上固定板的方位和转角都可以根据患者腕部骨骼复位情况随意调整,不仅能有效降低骨折复位后再丢失率,提高治疗效果,而且可避免多次更换石膏给骨折患者造成的痛苦,降低治疗成本。(The invention discloses an universal adjustable external fracture reduction fixator which comprises a palm side upper fixing plate, a palm side lower fixing plate, a forearm upper fixing plate, a forearm lower fixing plate and a universal ball mechanism, wherein the palm side upper fixing plate and the palm side lower fixing plate are respectively attached to the palm back and the palm center of a patient and are bound together through a magic tape bandage, the forearm upper fixing plate is wrapped on the back of the small arm of the patient, the forearm lower fixing plate is attached to the inner side of the small arm of the patient and is connected with the forearm upper fixing plate through a magic tape bandage, the palm side upper fixing plate and the forearm upper fixing plate are rotatably connected through the universal ball mechanism, and the universal ball mechanism is provided with a locking mechanism. The position and the rotation angle of the palm side upper fixing plate relative to the forearm upper fixing plate can be randomly adjusted according to the wrist skeleton reduction condition of a patient, so that the loss rate of the fractured bone after reduction can be effectively reduced, the treatment effect is improved, the pain of the fractured patient caused by multiple times of plaster replacement can be avoided, and the treatment cost is reduced.)

1. The utility model provides an universal adjustable external fixation ware that resets of fracture, characterized by, including palm side upper fixed plate (1), palm side lower fixed plate (13), forearm upper fixed plate (10), forearm lower fixed plate (17) and universal ball mechanism (4), palm side upper fixed plate (1) pastes respectively with palm side lower fixed plate (13) and pastes the palm back of the body and the palm center of the body and tie up through the magic tape and be in the same place, forearm upper fixed plate (10) cladding is at patient's forearm back, forearm lower fixed plate (17) paste to paste bandage (9) and forearm upper fixed plate (10) through the magic and are connected in patient's forearm inboard, rotate through universal ball mechanism (4) between palm side upper fixed plate (1) and forearm upper fixed plate (10) and are connected, universal ball mechanism (4) are equipped with locking mechanism.

2. The universal adjustable external fixator for fracture reduction according to claim 1, wherein the universal ball mechanism (4) comprises a ball bowl (4-2) and a ball head (4-1) constrained in the ball bowl (4-2) and in sliding contact with the ball bowl (4-2), the ball head (4-1) is connected with a palm-side upper fixing plate (1) through a palm-side connecting rod (3), the ball bowl (4-2) is connected with a forearm upper fixing plate (10) through a hollow forearm plate connecting rod (6), a locking mechanism of the universal ball mechanism (4) comprises a disc-shaped friction plate (21), a mandril (26) and a cam locking jacking block (8), the disc-shaped friction plate (21) is positioned in a groove at the inner side of the ball bowl (4-2), one side of the disc-shaped friction plate (21) is abutted against the ball head (4-1), the opposite side is relative with the centre bore of preceding arm board connecting rod (6), ejector pin (26) are located the centre bore of preceding arm board connecting rod (6), and the front end and the disc friction disc (21) of ejector pin (26) are connected, cam locking kicking block (8) are relative and rotate with the rear end of preceding arm board connecting rod (6) through the axle of perpendicular to ejector pin (26) and are connected.

3. The universal adjustable external fixator for fracture reduction according to claim 2 wherein the spiral damping compression spring (22) is arranged in the central hole of the front arm plate connecting rod (6), the damping compression spring (22) is loosely sleeved on the top rod (26), the front end of the damping compression spring (22) is supported on the step table at the side part of the top rod (26), and the rear end is supported on the step table at the hole wall of the central hole of the front arm plate connecting rod (6).

4. The universal adjustable external fixator for fracture reduction according to claim 3 wherein, a damping adjusting washer (23) is further arranged in the central hole of the front arm plate connecting rod (6), the damping adjusting washer (23) is sleeved on the top rod (26), one side of the damping adjusting washer (23) leans against the end of the damping compression spring (22), and the other side leans against a step at the side of the top rod (26) or a step at the hole wall of the central hole of the front arm plate connecting rod (6).

5. The universal adjustable external fixator for fracture reduction according to claim 4, wherein the back end of the front arm plate connecting rod (6) is provided with an anti-loose bayonet safety hoop (7), the anti-loose bayonet safety hoop (7) is slidably sleeved in an annular groove on the outer wall of the back end of the front arm plate connecting rod (6), and the anti-loose bayonet safety hoop (7) is provided with an L-shaped clamping groove (25) corresponding to the rotating handle of the cam locking ejector block (8).

6. The universal adjustable external fixator for fracture reduction according to claim 5 wherein the rotating handle of the cam locking top block (8) is provided with a prying hole (24) for inserting the lengthened auxiliary rotating handle.

7. The universal adjustable external fixator for fracture reduction according to any one of claims 2 to 6 wherein the palm side connecting rod (3) is inserted into a hole on the palm side upper fixing plate (1) and is slidably connected with the palm side upper fixing plate (1), and a palm side butterfly locking bolt (2) corresponding to the palm side connecting rod (3) is arranged on the palm side upper fixing plate (1); preceding arm board connecting rod (6) insert on preceding arm top plate (10) downthehole and with preceding arm top plate (10) sliding connection, be equipped with on preceding arm top plate (10) with preceding arm board connecting rod (6) corresponding arm side butterfly locking bolt (5), the corresponding position of palm side connecting rod (3) and palm side butterfly locking bolt (2) and preceding arm board connecting rod (6) and arm side butterfly locking bolt (5) corresponding position all are equipped with tile shape friction disc (18).

8. The universal adjustable external fixator for fracture reduction of claim 7, wherein the back end of the palm-side upper fixing plate (1) is connected with the front end of the forearm upper fixing plate (10) through an elastic bandage 14.

9. The universal adjustable external fixator for fracture reduction according to claim 8, wherein the palm-side upper fixing plate (1) and the forearm upper fixing plate (10) are provided with air holes (11).

10. The universal adjustable external fixator for fracture reduction according to claim 9 wherein the front end of the forearm upper fixing plate (10) is provided with a palm side reset bolt (15) and a ruler side reset bolt (16), both of which are butterfly bolts and screwed into the threaded through hole on the forearm upper fixing plate (10), the front end of the palm side reset bolt (15) is provided with a palm side silica gel top block (19), and the front end of the ruler side reset bolt (16) is provided with a ruler side silica gel top block (20).

Technical Field

The invention relates to an external fixator for reducing distal radius fracture with a spatial posture capable of being adjusted randomly according to requirements, belonging to the technical field of medical instruments.

Background

The distal radius fracture is one of the most common fractures in clinic, accounts for 17% of the emergency fracture, is within 2-3 cm of the distal radius, and is caused by large traumatic violence of young and middle-aged patients. The incidence of fracture is higher in osteoporosis patients among the elderly. The treatment of the distal radius fracture mainly comprises three steps of reduction, fixation and rehabilitation exercise, and the fixation plays a key role in the treatment process. The operation treatment is suitable for patients with comminuted fracture and combined nerve and blood vessel injury, and most patients with distal radius fracture can obtain good effect after the operation reduction and external fixation. Good fixation not only can provide a strong mechanical environment for fracture healing, but also has the effects of relieving pain of patients, promoting soft tissue repair and the like. In the emergency treatment of patients with multiple injuries, the rapid and accurate fixation can not only prevent the malformation healing of the fracture, effectively avoid the injury of peripheral vascular nerve tendons by the fracture broken ends, but also facilitate the transportation of the patients.

At present, the main method for conservative treatment of distal radius fracture is manual reduction plaster external fixation. However, gypsum external fixation has many disadvantages: 1. the plaster can not be adjusted after being fixed, and the loss rate after the fracture is reset is very high. The soft tissue swelling of the wrist is obvious after the distal radius fracture, and as the wrist swelling is gradually reduced, the plaster originally attached to the limb is gradually loosened, and the possibility of fracture displacement appears. 2. Is not beneficial to skin care. Due to poor air permeability of the plaster, the wrapped wrist skin may have pressure sores, even ulceration and infection, and the pain of the skin and the fracture is not easy to distinguish, so misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis are easily caused, the fracture treatment effect is seriously influenced, and even medical accidents are caused. 3. The plaster can not be used repeatedly, and for the patient whose position is changed after the fracture reduction, the plaster needs to be replaced for many times, which not only increases the pain of the patient, but also increases the treatment cost. 4. Due to the properties of the plaster, the fracture plaster influences the shooting and rechecking effect after being fixed. 5. The plaster is fixed to be heavy and not beautiful.

In view of the above, the conventional plaster external fixation method has not been able to satisfy clinical needs, and there is a need to develop a new external fixation device for fracture reduction.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a universal adjustable fracture reduction external fixator which can be adjusted randomly according to the space posture and can be reused aiming at the defects of the prior art, so as to improve the fracture treatment effect, relieve the pain of fracture patients and reduce the treatment cost.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides an universal adjustable external fixation ware that resets of fracture, includes palm side upper fixed plate, palm side bottom plate, forearm upper fixed plate, forearm bottom plate and universal ball mechanism, palm side upper fixed plate pastes respectively with palm side bottom plate and leans on the palm back of the body and the palm center of the patient and paste through the magic and tighten the area and tie up together, forearm upper fixed plate cladding is at patient's forearm back, forearm bottom plate pastes to paste the bandage and be connected with forearm upper fixed plate through the magic at patient's forearm inboard, and it constructs the rotation through universal ball to be connected between palm side upper fixed plate and the forearm upper fixed plate, universal ball mechanism is equipped with locking mechanism.

Above-mentioned universal adjustable external fixation ware that resets of fracture, universal ball mechanism include ball bowl and restraint in the ball bowl and with ball bowl sliding contact's bulb, the bulb is connected with palm side upper fixed plate through palm side connecting rod, the ball bowl is connected with forearm upper fixed plate through hollow forearm board connecting rod, and universal ball mechanism's locking mechanism includes disc friction disc, ejector pin and cam locking kicking block, the disc friction disc is located the inboard recess of ball bowl, and one side of disc friction disc is pasted and is leaned on the bulb, and the opposite side is relative with the centre bore of forearm board connecting rod, the ejector pin is located the centre bore of forearm board connecting rod, and the front end and the disc friction disc of ejector pin are connected, cam locking kicking block is relative with the rear end of ejector pin and is connected through the axle of perpendicular to ejector pin and the rear end rotation of forearm board connecting rod.

According to the universal adjustable external fixator for fracture reduction, the spiral damping compression spring is arranged in the central hole of the front arm plate connecting rod and loosely sleeved on the ejector rod, the front end of the damping compression spring is propped against the step table on the side part of the ejector rod, and the rear end of the damping compression spring is propped against the step table on the hole wall of the central hole of the front arm plate connecting rod.

According to the universal adjustable external fixator for fracture reduction, the damping adjusting washer is further arranged in the central hole of the front arm plate connecting rod and sleeved on the ejector rod, one side of the damping adjusting washer leans against the end part of the damping compression spring, and the other side of the damping adjusting washer leans against the step table on the side part of the ejector rod or the step table on the hole wall of the central hole of the front arm plate connecting rod.

According to the universal adjustable fracture reduction external fixator, the anti-loosening bayonet safety hoop is arranged at the rear end of the front arm plate connecting rod and is slidably sleeved in the annular groove in the outer wall of the rear end of the front arm plate connecting rod, and the anti-loosening bayonet safety hoop is provided with the L-shaped clamping groove corresponding to the rotating handle of the cam locking ejector block.

According to the universal adjustable external fracture reduction fixator, the rotating handle of the cam locking ejector block is provided with the prying hole capable of being inserted into the lengthened auxiliary rotating handle.

According to the universal adjustable external fracture reduction fixator, the palm side connecting rod is inserted into the hole in the palm side upper fixing plate and is in sliding connection with the palm side upper fixing plate, and the palm side upper fixing plate is provided with the palm side butterfly-shaped locking bolt corresponding to the palm side connecting rod; the front arm plate connecting rod is inserted into a hole in the front arm upper fixing plate and is in sliding connection with the front arm upper fixing plate, an arm side butterfly-shaped locking bolt corresponding to the front arm plate connecting rod is arranged on the front arm upper fixing plate, and tile-shaped friction plates are arranged at the position, corresponding to the palm side butterfly-shaped locking bolt, of the palm side connecting rod and the palm side butterfly-shaped locking bolt and at the position, corresponding to the front arm plate connecting rod and the arm side butterfly-shaped locking bolt.

According to the universal adjustable external fixator for fracture reduction, the rear end of the palm side upper fixing plate is connected with the front end of the forearm upper fixing plate through the elastic bandage.

According to the universal adjustable external fixator for fracture reduction, the palm side upper fixing plate and the forearm upper fixing plate are respectively provided with the air holes.

Above-mentioned universal adjustable external fixation ware that resets for fracture, the front end of forearm upper fixed plate is equipped with palm side reset bolt and chi side reset bolt, and the two is butterfly bolt and screw in the screw through-hole on the forearm upper fixed plate, and the front end of palm side reset bolt is equipped with palm side silica gel kicking block, and the front end of chi side reset bolt is equipped with chi side silica gel kicking block.

The invention utilizes the lockable universal ball mechanism to connect the palm side upper fixing plate and the forearm upper fixing plate together, and the position and the rotation angle of the palm side upper fixing plate relative to the forearm upper fixing plate can be randomly adjusted according to the wrist skeleton reduction condition of a patient, thereby not only effectively reducing the loss rate after fracture reduction and improving the treatment effect, but also avoiding the pain of the fracture patient caused by multiple times of plaster replacement and reducing the treatment cost.

The universal ball mechanism is locked by a disc-shaped friction plate pressed by a cam locking ejector block, the cam locking ejector block can provide enough pressure, the contact area and the friction coefficient of the disc-shaped friction plate and a ball head are larger than those of a traditional locking screw, enough friction force can be generated, and the universal ball mechanism can be reliably locked.

The elasticity of the damping compression spring acts on the disc-shaped friction plate through the ejector rod and is used for providing proper resistance for the rotation of a ball head in the universal ball mechanism and preventing the universal ball mechanism from locking the upper fixing plate on the front palm side to rotate freely relative to the upper fixing plate on the front arm so as to cause inconvenience for the adjustment of the skeleton posture.

The air holes on the palm upper fixing plate and the forearm upper fixing plate can also be used for diagnosing skin lesion and nursing skin, so that pressure sore, ulceration or infection of the skin is prevented, the treatment effect of fracture is improved, and accident potential is eliminated.

In addition, the X-ray radiography and reexamination instrument has the advantages of attractive and elegant appearance, strong X-ray radiation perspective, convenience in radiography and reexamination and the like, and can reduce the working intensity of medical personnel.

Drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view C-C of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view D-D of FIG. 2;

fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of the anti-loosening bayonet lock in fig. 2.

The reference numbers in the figures are as follows: 1. palm side upper fixing plate, 2, palm side butterfly-shaped locking bolt, 3, palm side connecting rod, 4, universal ball mechanism, 4-1, ball head, 4-2, ball bowl, 5, arm side butterfly-shaped locking bolt, 6, front arm plate connecting rod, 7, anti-loosening bayonet safety hoop, 8, cam locking ejector block, 9, magic bandage, 10, front arm upper fixing plate, 11, air hole, 12, bandage easy clamping groove, 13, palm side lower fixing plate, 14, elastic bandage, 15, palm side reset bolt, 16, ruler side reset bolt, 17, front arm lower fixing plate, 18, tile-shaped friction plate, 19, palm side silica gel ejector block, 20, ruler side silica gel ejector block, 21, disc-shaped friction plate, 22, damping compression spring, 23, damping adjusting washer, 24, prying hole, 25, L-shaped clamping groove, 26 and ejector rod.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the invention mainly comprises a palm side upper fixing plate 1, a palm side butterfly-shaped locking bolt 2, a palm side connecting rod 3, a universal ball mechanism 4 (comprising a ball head 4-1 and a ball bowl 4-2), an arm side butterfly-shaped locking bolt 5, a front arm plate connecting rod 6, an anti-loosening bayonet safety hoop 7, a cam locking top block 8, a magic tape 9, a front arm upper fixing plate 10, a bandage easy-to-clamp groove 12, a palm side lower fixing plate 13, an elastic bandage 14, a palm side reset bolt 15, a ruler side reset bolt 16, a front arm lower fixing plate 17, a tile-shaped friction plate 18, a palm side silica gel top block 19, a ruler side silica gel top block 20, a disc-shaped friction plate 21, a damping compression spring 22, a damping adjusting washer 23 and a top rod 26.

The palm side upper fixing plate 1 and the palm side lower fixing plate 13 are used for clamping the palm of a patient, the forearm upper fixing plate 10 and the forearm lower fixing plate 17 are used for clamping the forearm of the patient, the universal ball mechanism 4 is used for connecting the palm side upper fixing plate 1 and the forearm upper fixing plate 10 and adjusting the azimuth angle (including the horizontal rotation angle and the pitch angle) and the rotation angle (the rotation angle relative to the center line of the forearm) of the palm side upper fixing plate 1 relative to the forearm upper fixing plate 10, and the universal ball mechanism 4 can be locked by the locking mechanism.

Referring to fig. 2 to 4, the universal ball mechanism 4 comprises a ball bowl 4-2 and a ball head 4-1 constrained in the ball bowl 4-2 and in sliding contact with the ball bowl 4-2, one end of a palm side connecting rod 3 is connected with the ball head 4-1, the other end is inserted into a hole on a palm side upper fixing plate 1 and is locked by a palm side butterfly locking bolt 2, the front end of a front arm plate connecting rod 6 is fixedly connected with the ball bowl 4-2, the rear end passes through a hole on a front arm upper fixing plate 10 and is locked by an arm side butterfly locking bolt 5, under the condition that the universal ball mechanism 4 is locked, the distance and the rotation angle between the palm-side upper fixing plate 1 and the universal ball mechanism 4 can be adjusted through the palm-side connecting rod 3 and the palm-side butterfly-shaped locking bolt 2, the distance and the rotation angle between the forearm upper fixing plate 10 and the universal ball mechanism 4 can be adjusted through the forearm plate connecting rod 6 and the arm-side butterfly locking bolt 5. Through the mutual cooperation of universal ball mechanism 4, palm side connecting rod 3, palm side butterfly-shaped locking bolt 2, forearm board connecting rod 6 and arm side butterfly-shaped locking bolt 5, can conveniently adjust palm side upper fixed plate 1 for the azimuth and the corner of forearm upper fixed plate 10 to and the distance between palm side upper fixed plate 1 and the forearm upper fixed plate 10, provide convenient condition for quick, the accurate restoration of broken bone.

The tile-shaped friction plate 18 can ensure that the palm side connecting rod 3 and the front arm plate connecting rod 6 can be firmly locked by the palm side butterfly-shaped locking bolt 2 and the arm side butterfly-shaped locking bolt 5, and the reliability of the fixator is improved.

The locking mechanism of the universal ball mechanism 4 comprises a disc-shaped friction plate 21, a mandril 26 and a cam locking jacking block 8, when a rotating handle of the cam locking jacking block 8 is pulled upwards, the cam on the cam locking jacking block 8 can jack the mandril 26 tightly, the mandril 26 transmits force to the disc-shaped friction plate 21, the disc-shaped friction plate 21 compresses the ball head 4-1, the ball head 4-1 is prevented from rotating relative to the ball bowl 4-2, and therefore reliable locking of the universal ball mechanism 4 is achieved.

The rear end of front arm plate connecting rod 6 is equipped with locking bayonet socket safety hoop 7, is equipped with the L type draw-in groove 25 corresponding with the turning handle of cam locking kicking block 8 on the locking bayonet socket safety hoop 7, and after 4 locking of universal ball mechanism, rotatory locking bayonet socket safety hoop 7 makes the turning handle of cam locking kicking block 8 be in the bottom of L type draw-in groove 25, can prevent the turning handle rotation downwards to it is not hard up to prevent that universal ball mechanism 4 from.

The spiral damping compression spring 22 is arranged in the front arm plate connecting rod 6, the elastic force of the spiral damping compression spring acts on the disc-shaped friction plate 21 through the ejector rod 26, appropriate resistance is provided for the rotation of a ball head in the universal ball mechanism, and the universal ball mechanism is prevented from locking a front palm side upper fixing plate to rotate freely relative to the front arm upper fixing plate. Before the locking of the universal ball mechanism 4, after medical personnel initially adjust the posture of the fracture reduction external fixator, the posture of the fracture reduction external fixator can be temporarily kept unchanged under the damping action of the damping compression spring 22 without being held by hands of additional medical personnel, and after the adjustment is qualified for a plurality of times, the universal ball mechanism 4 is locked through the cam locking ejector block 8. Therefore, not only can the labor be saved, but also the reduction efficiency of the skeleton can be improved.

The damping adjustment washer 23 is used for adjusting the pre-compression amount of the damping compression spring 22, and thus adjusting the damping force of the universal ball mechanism.

The rotating handle of the cam locking ejector block 8 is provided with a prying hole 24 capable of being inserted with a lengthened auxiliary rotating handle (such as a Kirschner wire), the lengthened auxiliary rotating handle is utilized to save more labor in operation, the lengthened auxiliary rotating handle is pulled out after the rotating handle rotates to the position, and the lengthened auxiliary rotating handle is prevented from interfering with other operations.

The back end of the palm upper fixing plate 1 is connected with the front end of the forearm upper fixing plate 10 through an elastic bandage 14. The main connecting function is performed before each rotating component is unlocked, and partial components are prevented from falling off.

The air holes 11 on the palm upper fixing plate 1 and the forearm upper fixing plate 10 not only have the air permeability, but also can be used for diagnosing skin lesion and nursing skin, and preventing the skin from being pressed sore, ulcerated or infected, thereby improving the treatment effect of fracture and eliminating accident potential.

The palm side reset bolt 15, the ulnar side reset bolt 16, the palm side silica gel top block 19 and the ulnar side silica gel top block 20 are used for applying pressure to the local part of the arm of the patient, accurately jacking the fractured bone and promoting the bone reset.

The edges of the palm side upper fixing plate 1 and the forearm upper fixing plate 10 are provided with bandage easy clamping grooves 12, the magic tape bandage 9 can easily penetrate the bandage easy clamping grooves 12, the bandage easy clamping grooves 12 can prevent the magic tape bandage 9 from shifting, and the failure probability of the fracture reduction external fixator is reduced.

The palm side upper fixing plate 1, the palm side lower fixing plate 13, the forearm upper fixing plate 10, the forearm lower fixing plate 17, the universal ball mechanism 4 and other parts are all made of light breathable materials, the appearance is attractive and elegant, X-ray irradiation perspective is strong, and rechecking and tightness adjustment of the device are facilitated. The plaster can be repeatedly used, so that the complicated procedure of repeatedly replacing plaster is avoided, and the economic burden of a patient and the working strength of a doctor are reduced.

The palm side upper fixing plate 1 and the forearm upper fixing plate 10 are processed by adopting bionic curves, can be well attached to the palm and the forearm, can be reliably fixed on the arm, and can ensure the comfort of a patient.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any other joint fixing device designed by applying the principle of the present invention is within the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.