阅读说明：本技术 一种用于电解的通用型电解槽 (Universal electrolytic tank for electrolysis ) 是由 郑春明 赵迪 李敏婧 钟国强 任兆辉 郑海鑫 张钰 程香颖 姚冠唯 王家鑫 于 2021-11-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明是有关一种用于电解的通用型电解槽,其包括：外壳、氧气室、阳极室和碱液室。其中外壳是电解槽的支架,由两部分构成。阳极室包括外壳和阳极。室内还设有石墨条和气液分离室,在电解槽外壳侧边还设有进NaCl管及出氯气管。氧气室包括外壳和氧阴极载体,室内还设有集电体。氧气室上部设置有进气管,下部设有出气管。碱液室包括氧阴极载体、离子膜和外壳。碱液室上部设置有进碱液管,下部设有出碱液管。本发明电解槽,结构简单、占地面积小、运行成本低。(The invention relates to a general-purpose electrolytic cell for electrolysis, comprising: the device comprises a shell, an oxygen chamber, an anode chamber and an alkali liquid chamber. Wherein the shell is a bracket of the electrolytic cell and consists of two parts. The anode chamber includes a housing and an anode. The chamber is also provided with a graphite strip and a gas-liquid separation chamber, and the side of the shell of the electrolytic cell is also provided with a NaCl inlet pipe and a chlorine outlet pipe. The oxygen chamber comprises a shell and an oxygen cathode carrier, and a current collector is arranged in the oxygen chamber. The upper part of the oxygen chamber is provided with an air inlet pipe, and the lower part is provided with an air outlet pipe. The alkali liquor chamber comprises an oxygen cathode carrier, an ionic membrane and a shell. The upper part of the alkali liquor chamber is provided with an alkali liquor inlet pipe, and the lower part is provided with an alkali liquor outlet pipe. The electrolytic cell has the advantages of simple structure, small occupied area and low operation cost.)

1. A general-purpose electrolytic cell for electrolysis, characterized in that it comprises:

the electrolytic tank shells 1 and 11 are sealed and fixed by screws through iron plates perforated on the outside, and the material of the electrolytic tank shells is preferably graphite, so that the electrolytic tank shells have good conductivity. The upper parts of the electrolytic tank shells 1 and 11 are provided with an air outlet pipe 14 and an alkali liquor outlet pipe 15, and the bottom parts of the outer walls of the electrolytic tank shells 1 and 11 are provided with an air inlet pipe 12 and an alkali liquor inlet pipe 13. The oxygen chamber is mainly surrounded by a shell 1 and an oxygen cathode carrier 3, and the material of the oxygen cathode carrier 2 is preferably foamed nickel which has a very good pore structure and is uniformly distributed, so that electrolysis can be better carried out. The collector 2 is further provided in the room, and the material of the collector 2 is preferably a copper mesh, which has good conductivity. The alkaline chamber is surrounded by the oxygen cathode support 2, the ionic membrane 6 and the housing 1. Wherein the ionic membrane 6 selects a cationic membrane, and an acid and alkali resistant plastic wire mesh 4 is arranged indoors, so that the contact between the anode 5 and the oxygen cathode carrier 2 can be separated, the short circuit is avoided, and the reaction can not be normally carried out. The anode chamber is surrounded by a casing 11 and an anode 5. The anode chamber is also internally provided with a graphite strip 9 and a gas-liquid separation chamber 7, the graphite strip 9 plays a supporting role for the anode 5, and the gas-liquid separation chamber 7 is preferably made of stainless steel and plays a separating role for gas and liquid generated by electrolysis. In addition, a NaCl inlet pipe 10 and a chlorine outlet pipe 7 are arranged on the side of the electrolytic cell shell 11.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of electrolysis, in particular to a design of a universal electrolytic cell.

Background

Electrolysis is widely used in industrial processes, such as sewage treatment, metallurgical industry, and chlor-alkali industry. At present, the ion membrane electrolysis method has the most mature and economical production technology at the present stage. The electrolytic cell has the advantages of small occupied area of equipment, continuous production, high production capacity, high product quality and purity, low energy consumption, small pollution and the like, so that continuous optimization of the electrolytic cell becomes necessary. The use of the novel electrolytic cell is described by way of example for the electrolysis of sodium chloride. The chlor-alkali industry is one of the most basic chemical industries and its product, caustic soda, has found widespread use in the chemical industry. In the general production of caustic soda by electrolyzing salt water, hydrogen is generated under the condition of not adding oxygen, so that the production efficiency is reduced. The electrolytic cell introduces oxygen into the cathode chamber, and unlike the traditional electrolysis of sodium chloride, the product only contains alkali, does not generate hydrogen, has the advantage of energy conservation, and can solve the problem of the current electric power shortage in China. The novel electrolytic cell is simple in structure, easy to assemble, capable of improving the electrolytic efficiency and saving the cost.

The total reaction of electrolyzing sodium chloride is as follows:

2NaCl+H₂O+1/2O₂＝2NaOH+Cl₂

and (3) anode reaction: 2Cl^--2e^-＝Cl₂

And (3) cathode reaction: h₂O+1/2O₂+2e^-＝2OH^-

During electrolysis, sodium chloride is ionized into sodium ions and chloride ions, Cl^-Moving to the anode, losing electrons and generating chlorine; electrolyzing cathode water and oxygen to obtain electrons and generate OH^-，OH^-With Na ionised⁺Caustic soda is formed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a general-purpose electrolytic cell for electrolysis, which can improve the problem of low electrolysis efficiency.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a universal-type electrolytic cell for electrolysis comprising: the device comprises a shell, an oxygen chamber, an anode chamber and an alkali liquid chamber. Wherein the shell is a bracket of the electrolytic cell and consists of two parts. The anode chamber includes a housing and an anode. The chamber is also provided with a graphite strip and a gas-liquid separation chamber, and the side of the shell of the electrolytic cell is also provided with a NaCl inlet pipe and a chlorine outlet pipe. The oxygen chamber comprises a shell and an oxygen cathode carrier, and a current collector is arranged in the oxygen chamber. The upper part of the oxygen chamber is provided with an air inlet pipe, and the lower part is provided with an air outlet pipe. The alkali liquor chamber comprises an oxygen cathode carrier, an ionic membrane and a shell. The upper part of the alkali liquor chamber is provided with an alkali liquor inlet pipe, and the lower part is provided with an alkali liquor outlet pipe. The whole electrolytic tank is sealed and fixed by screws on the iron plate.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a side view of a general type electrolytic cell for electrolysis of the present invention

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the iron plate structure of the stationary electrolytic cell

In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:

1. 11 is an electrolytic cell shell; 2 is a current collector; 3 is an oxygen cathode carrier; 4 is acid and alkali resistant plastic wire mesh; 5 is an anode; 6 is an ionic membrane; 7 is a chlorine outlet pipe; 8 is a gas-liquid separation chamber; 9 is a graphite strip; 10 is a NaCl inlet pipe; 12 is an air inlet pipe; 13 is an alkali liquor inlet pipe; 14 is an air outlet pipe; and 15 is an alkali liquor outlet pipe.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in the attached drawing, the electrolytic cell of the invention comprises an alkali liquor chamber, an anode chamber and an oxygen chamber. An electrolytic cell for electrolysis comprises electrolytic cell shells 1 and 11, wherein the two shells are sealed and fixed by screws through iron plates perforated on the outside, and the electrolytic cell shells are preferably made of graphite and have good conductivity. The upper parts of the electrolytic tank shells 1 and 11 are provided with an air outlet pipe 14 and an alkali liquor outlet pipe 15, and the bottom parts of the outer walls of the electrolytic tank shells 1 and 11 are provided with an air inlet pipe 12 and an alkali liquor inlet pipe 13. The oxygen chamber is mainly surrounded by a shell 1 and an oxygen cathode carrier 3, and the material of the oxygen cathode carrier 2 is preferably foamed nickel which has a very good pore structure and is uniformly distributed, so that electrolysis can be better carried out. The collector 2 is further provided in the room, and the material of the collector 2 is preferably a copper mesh, which has good conductivity. The alkaline chamber is surrounded by the oxygen cathode support 2, the ionic membrane 6 and the housing 1. Wherein the ionic membrane 6 selects a cationic membrane, and an acid and alkali resistant plastic wire mesh 4 is arranged indoors, so that the contact between the anode 5 and the oxygen cathode carrier 2 can be separated, the short circuit is avoided, and the reaction can not be normally carried out. The anode chamber is surrounded by a casing 11 and an anode 5. The anode 5 is preferably made of a titanium mesh coated ruthenium iridium coating and has excellent conductivity and corrosion resistance. The anode chamber is also internally provided with a graphite strip 9 and a gas-liquid separation chamber 7, the graphite strip 9 plays a supporting role for the anode 5, and the gas-liquid separation chamber 7 is preferably made of stainless steel and plays a separating role for gas and liquid generated by electrolysis. In addition, a NaCl inlet pipe 10 and a chlorine outlet pipe 7 are arranged on the side of the electrolytic cell shell 11.

During electrolysis, sodium chloride is ionized into sodium ions and chloride ions, Cl^-Moving to the anode, losing electrons and generating chlorine; na + enters an alkaline chamber through a cation membrane and is electrolyzed with OH obtained by cathode water and oxygen^-Binding forms NaOH, so that the concentration of caustic soda increases.

The electrolytic cell has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design, easy processing, easy operation and low cost, is not only suitable for producing caustic soda by electrolyzing saline solution, but also can be used for treating domestic sewage and industrial wastewater, and has wider application range.