阅读说明：本技术 一种溶解乙炔瓶用无石棉植物纤维复合填料及其制备方法 (Asbestos-free plant fiber composite filler for dissolved acetylene cylinder and preparation method thereof ) 是由 朱崇俊 林冠慧 朱孔萌 解守珍 赵凯飞 张运凤 于 2021-09-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种溶解乙炔瓶用无石棉植物纤维复合填料及其制备方法,属于气瓶填料技术领域,使用植物纤维,以便于乙炔气瓶填料再弃用之后,其内部其连接作用的纤维能够完全降解,以利于环保,其中填料包括下述物质：生石灰、硅藻土、石英砂、植物纤维、硫酸铝和水石英砂,其中填料各物质的湿料重量为：生石灰7～8wt％、硅藻土12～14wt％、石英砂0.5～2wt％、植物纤维0.5～1wt％、硫酸铝0.5～2wt％,氢氧化钙3～4wt％,水70～72％；其中,所述的生石灰为在1200～1300℃条件下煅烧2～4h制得的生石灰块体。(The invention discloses an asbestos-free plant fiber composite filler for a dissolved acetylene cylinder and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of gas cylinder fillers, wherein plant fibers are used, so that the fibers with the connecting action in the acetylene cylinder filler can be completely degraded after the acetylene cylinder filler is discarded, and the environment is protected, wherein the filler comprises the following substances: quick lime, diatomaceous earth, quartz sand, vegetable fiber, aluminum sulfate and quartz sand, wherein the filler is prepared from the following substances in percentage by weight: 7-8 wt% of quicklime, 12-14 wt% of diatomite, 0.5-2 wt% of quartz sand, 0.5-1 wt% of plant fiber, 0.5-2 wt% of aluminum sulfate, 3-4 wt% of calcium hydroxide and 70-72 wt% of water; the quick lime is a quick lime block body prepared by calcining for 2-4 hours at 1200-1300 ℃.)

1. The non-asbestos plant fiber composite filler for the dissolved acetylene cylinder is characterized in that: the filler comprises the following substances: quick lime, diatomaceous earth, quartz sand, vegetable fiber, aluminum sulfate and quartz sand, wherein the filler is prepared from the following substances in percentage by weight: 7-8 wt% of quicklime, 12-14 wt% of diatomite, 0.5-2 wt% of quartz sand, 0.5-1 wt% of plant fiber, 0.5-2 wt% of aluminum sulfate, 3-4 wt% of calcium hydroxide and 70-72 wt% of water; the quick lime is a quick lime block body prepared by calcining for 2-4 hours at 1200-1300 ℃.

2. The asbestos-free plant fiber composite filler for dissolved acetylene bottles of claim 1, wherein: the fineness of the quartz sand is 3000-6000 meshes, and the content of silicon dioxide is more than or equal to 98.5 wt%.

3. The asbestos-free plant fiber composite filler for dissolved acetylene bottles of claim 1, wherein: the sum of the dosage of the diatomite and the quartz sand is as follows: 13 to 15 weight percent.

4. The asbestos-free plant fiber composite filler for dissolved acetylene bottles of claim 1, wherein: the plant fiber is a bundle-shaped short-cut yarn, and the short-cut length of the plant fiber is 6-7 mm.

5. The method for preparing the asbestos-free plant fiber composite filler for the dissolved acetylene cylinder according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) weighing 60-100 parts of quick lime, 110-170 parts of diatomite, 10-20 parts of quartz sand, 10-20 parts of plant fiber, 10-20 parts of aluminum sulfate and 600-800 parts of water according to the proportion; wherein the quick lime is superheated lime;

2) mixing 170 parts of 110-sand diatomite with 800 parts of 600-sand room temperature water, and adding 10-20 parts of aluminum sulfate while stirring to form mortar;

3) under the stirring of constant speed, adding 10-20 parts of quartz sand; stirring the raw materials to be in a uniform state to form silicon dioxide slurry;

4) adding 10-20 parts of plant fiber into the silica slurry obtained in the step 3), and continuously stirring at a constant rotating speed for a set time to prepare uniform and consistent reinforced filler slurry;

5) adding 60-100 parts of lime, 20-60 parts of calcium hydroxide, water glass and a gelling agent into the reinforced filler slurry to obtain mixed slurry;

6) standing the mixed slurry obtained in the step 5) at room temperature for a set time to obtain stable slurry;

7) filling the stable slurry into a gas cylinder, keeping the acetylene gas cylinder in low-frequency vertical vibration in a vacuum state, and injecting the filler slurry obtained in the step 6) into the gas cylinder to fill the acetylene cylinder with the filler slurry;

8) and (3) conveying the gas cylinder filled with the raw materials which are stirred to be in a uniform state into a curing box by the acetylene cylinder filled with the slurry in the step 7), punching after curing is finished, and then putting into a drying box for drying to constant weight.

6. The method for preparing the asbestos-free plant fiber composite filler for the dissolved acetylene cylinder according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the fineness of the quartz sand is 3000-6000 meshes.

7. The method for preparing the asbestos-free plant fiber composite filler for the dissolved acetylene cylinder according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the sum of the dosage of the diatomite and the quartz sand is as follows: 13 to 15 weight percent.

8. An acetylene cylinder characterized by comprising:

a metal bottle body;

the massive dry material filled in the metal bottle body comprises a base body and plant fibers, wherein the base body is a porous block body taking calcium hydroxide and silicon dioxide as main bodies in a mixed mode, the porous block body is solid, pores are uniformly distributed in the porous block body, and the plant fibers are uniformly distributed in the base body.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of gas cylinder packing, and particularly relates to packing for an acetylene gas cylinder, a preparation method and the acetylene cylinder.

Background

The acetylene cylinder is a container for safely storing acetylene gas, and specifically comprises a shell and an internal filler, wherein the internal filler is porous and loose and is used for containing a solvent, and the solvent is acetone generally so as to dissolve the acetylene gas.

Calcium silicate filler is generally used as porous filler in the prior acetylene cylinder. In the prior art, calcium silicate filler is generally prepared from quicklime, diatomite, quartz sand, asbestos fiber, glass fiber and aluminum sulfate into slurry, and then the slurry is solidified to form the filler, wherein the filler is generally in a block shape and is also called as a filler block, and pores in the filler block are used for storing acetone. According to the national standard, the porosity of the calcium silicate filler is about 89 wt% -92 wt%, and the volume density is only 270-310 g/L. On the other hand, the high porosity characteristic of the calcium silicate filler makes the structural strength of the whole solidified filler block not high, which often causes the influence on the safe operation of the acetylene cylinder due to the collapse and sinking of the filler in the long-term transportation and repeated filling and use processes of the gas cylinder. The conventional calcium silicate filler preparation process requires the addition of asbestos fibers to the slurry during manufacture, one of which functions to absorb free water and to promote suspension, and the other important function is to serve as a structural reinforcement for the filler, helping to maintain the structural integrity of the filler mass.

The inventor finds that in the conventional packing for acetylene gas cylinders, in order to increase the physical properties of the packing, particularly the strength of the packing, fibers are mixed in the packing, and the physical properties of the packing are enhanced by virtue of the connection effect of the fibers. In the traditional process, the fiber used for filling the acetylene cylinder is generally asbestos fiber, however, the asbestos fiber is currently listed as a first-class carcinogen, has been limited to be used on a large scale, and has been replaced by glass fiber. Currently, a gas cylinder made of glass fiber, for example, the patent publication No. CN101592287B, discloses an acetylene gas cylinder packing material made of glass fiber.

The inventors considered that glass fiber, which is an inorganic substance, is difficult to decompose and recycle after acetylene cylinder filler is discarded, and is not environmentally friendly.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the filler for the acetylene cylinder, the preparation method and the acetylene cylinder.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

in a first aspect, the technical scheme of the invention provides a filler for an acetylene cylinder, which comprises the following substances: quick lime, diatomite, quartz sand, plant fiber and aluminum sulfate, wherein the weight of wet materials of each substance of the filler is as follows: 7-8 wt% of quicklime, 12-14 wt% of diatomite, 0.5-2 wt% of quartz sand, 0.5-1 wt% of plant fiber, 0.5-2 wt% of aluminum sulfate, 3-4 wt% of calcium hydroxide and 70-72 wt% of water; the quick lime is a quick lime block body prepared by calcining for 2-4 hours at 1200-1300 ℃.

Furthermore, the fineness of the quartz sand is 3000-6000 meshes, and the content of silicon dioxide is more than or equal to 98.5 wt%.

Further, the sum of the dosage of the diatomite and the quartz sand is as follows: 13 to 15 weight percent.

Furthermore, the plant fiber is a bundle-shaped short cut filament, and the short cut length of the plant fiber is 6-7 mm.

In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the packing for acetylene gas cylinders, which comprises the following steps:

1) weighing 7-8 wt% of quick lime, 12-14 wt% of diatomite, 0.5-2 wt% of quartz sand, 0.5-1 wt% of plant fiber, 3-4 wt% of calcium hydroxide, 0.5-2 wt% of aluminum sulfate and 70-72 wt% of water according to a proportion;

2) mixing 12-14 wt% of diatomite and 70-72 wt% of room temperature water, and adding 0.5-2 wt% of aluminum sulfate while stirring to form mortar;

3) under the stirring of a constant speed, adding 0.5-2 wt% of quartz sand; stirring the raw materials to be in a uniform state to form silicon dioxide slurry;

4) adding 0.5-1 wt% of plant fiber into the silica slurry obtained in the step 3), and continuously stirring at a constant rotating speed for a set time to prepare uniform reinforced filler slurry;

5) adding 7-8 wt% of lime, 3-4 wt% of calcium hydroxide, water glass and a gelling agent into the reinforced filler slurry to obtain a mixed slurry;

6) standing the mixed slurry obtained in the step 5) at room temperature for a set time to obtain stable slurry;

7) filling the stable slurry into a gas cylinder, keeping the acetylene gas cylinder in low-frequency vertical vibration in a vacuum state, and injecting the filler slurry obtained in the step 6) into the gas cylinder to fill the acetylene cylinder with the filler slurry;

8) and (3) conveying the gas cylinder filled with the raw materials which are stirred to be in a uniform state into a curing box by the acetylene cylinder filled with the slurry in the step 7), punching after curing is finished, and then putting into a drying box for drying to constant weight.

Furthermore, the fineness of the quartz sand is 3000-6000 meshes.

Further, the sum of the dosage of the diatomite and the quartz sand is as follows: 13 to 15 weight percent.

In a third aspect, the present invention also provides an acetylene cylinder comprising:

a metal bottle body;

the massive dry material filled in the metal bottle body comprises a base body and plant fibers, wherein the base body is a porous block body taking calcium hydroxide and silicon dioxide as main bodies in a mixed mode, the porous block body is solid, pores are uniformly distributed in the porous block body, and the plant fibers are uniformly distributed in the base body.

The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1) in the filler component, the plant fiber is adopted, so that the degradation or harmless treatment of the fiber within a certain time is realized to the greatest extent, and the environment-friendly requirement is met.

2) In the filler component of the invention, the diatomite is a porous structure, which is beneficial to forming a porous loose structure in the matrix.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a gas cylinder according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. gas cylinder, 2, filling.

The spacing or dimensions between each other are exaggerated to show the location of the various parts, and the illustration is for illustrative purposes only.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples. It should be noted that any combination between the following embodiments is possible.

First, quicklime used in the following examples was prepared

1. Adopting limestone raw material with calcium carbonate content more than or equal to 97% or calcium oxide content more than or equal to 54%;

2. adding sodium chloride accounting for 0.1-0.3 wt% of the limestone;

3. the temperature of a preheating zone of the lime kiln is controlled to be about 850 ℃, the temperature of a calcining zone is controlled to be about 1200 ℃, the residence time is 2-4 h, and the temperature of a cooling zone is controlled to be below 100 ℃.

Example 1:

in a typical embodiment of the present invention, the present embodiment discloses a method for preparing a filler for an acetylene cylinder, which includes the steps of: weighing 60kg of warm water, placing the warm water in a digestion container, adding 11kg of diatomite, adding 1kg of aluminum sulfate while stirring to form mortar, adding 1kg of quartz sand with the fineness of 6000 meshes under the stirring at a constant speed, and stirring the raw materials to be in a uniform state to form silicon dioxide slurry; 1kg of plant fiber is added into the obtained silica slurry, and the obtained silica slurry is continuously stirred at a constant rotating speed for a set time to prepare uniform and consistent reinforced filler slurry; adding 10kg of lime, 2kg of calcium hydroxide, water glass and a gelling agent into the reinforced filler slurry, and circularly stirring at a high speed for 30 minutes to obtain mixed slurry; standing the obtained mixed slurry at room temperature for a set time to obtain stable slurry; injecting the slurry into a gas cylinder under the vacuum (-0.05MPa) low-frequency vibration state, feeding the acetylene cylinder into an autoclave after the gas cylinder is filled, maintaining the pressure for 5 hours under the vapor pressure of 0.4MPa, increasing the pressure to 0.9MPa at the speed of 0.2MPa/h, and maintaining the pressure for 20 hours under the vapor pressure of 0.9 MPa. Taking the mixture out of the kettle after the autoclave curing reaction is finished, drilling a flow guide hole after the acetylene bottle is cooled to room temperature, sending the mixture into an oven, and drying the mixture for 3 days at the temperature of 220 ℃; drying to constant weight.

In this embodiment, the areas between the quicklime and the hydrated lime, and between the diatomaceous earth and the quartz sand are actually main components of the matrix, and the weight ratio of (quicklime + hydrated lime): (diatomaceous earth + quartz sand) 1: 1.

Since the fibers used in this example are plant fibers, for example, the bamboo fibers made in China, in which the lignin content is 10% to 12%, and besides lignin, the fibers also contain 50% to 85% of cellulose, 14% to 25% of hemicellulose, and a trace amount (< 1%) of pectin, wax, and ash,

the performance of the filler slurry prepared by the process is stable, layering, water separation and sinking can not occur, experiments are carried out by using a gas cylinder with the diameter of 180mm, and the inspection after drying shows that the gas cylinder is completely filled with the filler through regression statistics. The shrinkage rate is less than 0.4%, the actual shrinkage length in the radial direction of the gas cylinder is not more than 0.5% of the diameter of the gas cylinder and not more than 2.2mm, and the typical compressive strength is 2.2 MPa.

Example 2:

in a typical embodiment of the present invention, the present embodiment discloses a method for preparing a filler for an acetylene cylinder, which includes the steps of: weighing 120kg of warm water, placing the warm water in a digestion container, adding 22kg of diatomite, adding 2kg of aluminum sulfate while stirring to form mortar, adding 2kg of quartz sand with the fineness of 4000 meshes under the stirring at a constant speed, and stirring the raw materials to be in a uniform state to form silicon dioxide slurry; 2kg of plant fiber is added into the obtained silica slurry, and the obtained silica slurry is continuously stirred at a constant rotating speed for a set time to prepare uniform and consistent reinforced filler slurry; adding 19kg of lime, 4kg of calcium hydroxide, water glass and a gelling agent into the reinforced filler slurry, and circularly stirring at a high speed for 30 minutes to obtain mixed slurry; standing the obtained mixed slurry at room temperature for a set time to obtain stable slurry; injecting the slurry into a gas cylinder under the vacuum (-0.05MPa) low-frequency vibration state, feeding the acetylene cylinder into an autoclave after the gas cylinder is filled, maintaining the pressure for 5 hours under the vapor pressure of 0.4MPa, increasing the pressure to 0.9MPa at the speed of 0.2MPa/h, and maintaining the pressure for 20 hours under the vapor pressure of 0.9 MPa. Taking the mixture out of the kettle after the autoclave curing reaction is finished, drilling a flow guide hole after the acetylene bottle is cooled to room temperature, sending the mixture into an oven, and drying the mixture for 3 days at the temperature of 220 ℃; drying to constant weight.

In this embodiment, the areas between the quicklime and the hydrated lime, and between the diatomaceous earth and the quartz sand are actually main components of the matrix, and the weight ratio of (quicklime + hydrated lime): (diatomaceous earth + quartz sand) 1: 1.

Since the fibers used in this embodiment are plant fibers, such as sugar cane fibers, cotton fibers, coconut fibers.

The performance of the filler slurry prepared by the process is stable, layering, water separation and sinking can not occur, experiments are carried out by using a gas cylinder with the diameter of 180mm, and the inspection after drying shows that the gas cylinder is completely filled with the filler through regression statistics. The shrinkage rate is less than 0.4%, the actual shrinkage length in the radial direction of the gas cylinder is not more than 0.5% of the diameter of the gas cylinder and not more than 2.2mm, and the typical compressive strength is 2.2 MPa.

Example 3:

in a typical embodiment of the present invention, the present embodiment discloses a method for preparing a filler for an acetylene cylinder, which includes the steps of: weighing 330kg of warm water, putting the warm water into a digestion container, adding 119kg of diatomite, adding 6.5kg of aluminum sulfate while stirring to form mortar, adding 6kg of quartz sand with the fineness of 5000 meshes under the stirring at a constant speed, and stirring the raw materials to be in a uniform state to form silicon dioxide slurry; 3.8kg of plant fiber is added into the obtained silica slurry, and the mixture is continuously stirred at a constant rotating speed for a set time to prepare uniform and consistent reinforced filler slurry; adding 39kg of lime, 21kg of calcium hydroxide, water glass and a gelling agent into the reinforced filler slurry, and circularly stirring at a high speed for 30 minutes to obtain mixed slurry; standing the obtained mixed slurry at room temperature for a set time to obtain stable slurry; injecting the slurry into a gas cylinder under the vacuum (-0.05MPa) low-frequency vibration state, feeding the acetylene cylinder into an autoclave after the gas cylinder is filled, maintaining the pressure for 5 hours under the vapor pressure of 0.4MPa, increasing the pressure to 0.9MPa at the speed of 0.2MPa/h, and maintaining the pressure for 20 hours under the vapor pressure of 0.9 MPa. And (3) taking the mixture out of the kettle after the autoclave curing reaction is finished, drilling a flow guide hole after the acetylene cylinder is cooled to room temperature, sending the mixture into an oven, and drying the mixture for 3 days at the temperature of 220 ℃.

In this embodiment, the areas between the quicklime and the hydrated lime, and between the diatomaceous earth and the quartz sand are actually main components of the matrix, and the weight ratio of (quicklime + hydrated lime): (diatomaceous earth + quartz sand) 1: 1.

Since the fibers used in this embodiment are plant fibers, such as sugar cane fibers, cotton fibers, coconut fibers. ,

the performance of the filler slurry prepared by the process is stable, layering, water separation and sinking can not occur, experiments are carried out by using a gas cylinder with the diameter of 180mm, and the inspection after drying shows that the gas cylinder is completely filled with the filler through regression statistics. The shrinkage rate is less than 0.4%, the actual shrinkage length in the radial direction of the gas cylinder is not more than 0.5% of the diameter of the gas cylinder and not more than 2.2mm, and the typical compressive strength is 2.2 MPa.

Example 4

In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the present embodiment discloses a packing for an acetylene cylinder, where the packing includes the following materials: quick lime, diatomite, quartz sand, plant fiber, aluminum sulfate and water glass, wherein the weight of the wet materials of each substance of the filler is as follows: 7-8 wt% of quicklime, 12-14 wt% of diatomite, 0.5-2 wt% of quartz sand, 0.5-1 wt% of plant fiber, 0.5-2 wt% of aluminum sulfate, 3-4 wt% of calcium hydroxide and 70-72 wt% of water; the quick lime is a quick lime block body prepared by calcining for 2-4 hours at 1200-1300 ℃.

The fineness of the quartz sand is 3000-6000 meshes, and the content of silicon dioxide is more than or equal to 98.5 wt%. The sum of the dosage of the diatomite and the quartz sand is as follows: 13 to 15 weight percent. The plant fiber is a bundle-shaped short-cut yarn, and the short-cut length of the plant fiber is 6-7 mm.

Example 5

In a typical embodiment of the present invention, the present embodiment discloses an acetylene cylinder, which includes a metal cylinder body and a dry material block filling the inside of the metal cylinder body, wherein the metal cylinder body is generally cylindrical, a cavity for accommodating a filler is formed in the metal cylinder body, the top of the metal cylinder body is gradually narrowed, and a valve and a fusible plug are installed at the narrowest position of the bottom of the metal cylinder body. The cavity of the metal bottle body is filled with a filler which is in a porous loose structure, and a gap in the metal bottle body is filled with an acetone solvent for dissolving acetylene gas, and the acetone solvent is filled with acetylene gas to form a solution.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the top end of the cylinder is perforated and filled with activated carbon, which facilitates filling of the cylinder with a solution of dissolved acetylene gas and release of the acetylene gas from the solution distributed within the porous dry mass.

In order to ensure that the metal bottle body is stable when being vertically placed, the bottom of the metal bottle body is also provided with a ground foot ring.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.