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Anthelmintic aza-benzothiophene and aza-benzofuran compounds

文档序号：425322 发布日期：2021-12-21 浏览：23次 中文

阅读说明：本技术 驱虫的氮杂-苯并噻吩和氮杂-苯并呋喃化合物 (Anthelmintic aza-benzothiophene and aza-benzofuran compounds ) 是由 A·龙 H·F·科尔曼 李衡翼 于 2020-03-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供下式化合物：其中各变量如本文定义,或其立体异构体、互变异构体、N-氧化物、水合物、溶剂化物或盐,包含这些化合物的组合物,和通过向动物给予有效量的这些化合物在有需要的动物中治疗、控制或预防寄生物侵袭或感染的方法。(The present invention provides compounds of the formula:)

1. A compound of formula I:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,

wherein:

l is L1 or L2:

R1is hydrogen, cyano, halo, hydroxy, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkoxy, optionally substituted alkenyl, optionally substituted alkynyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted aryloxy, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyloxy, optionally substituted heterocyclyl Alkylcarbonyl, optionally substituted alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, optionally substituted alkylaminocarbonyl, optionally substituted dialkylaminocarbonyl, -SOp(optionally substituted alkyl or haloalkyl), -SF5or-NRaRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently is H or optionally substituted alkyl; or RaAnd RbMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, or 8-membered heterocyclic group, which may include 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and may be optionally substituted;

R2is hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, or optionally substituted aryl;

R2’is optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, or optionally substituted aryl;

R3is optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted alkylcarbonyl, optionally substituted alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, optionally substituted alkylaminocarbonyl, optionally substituted dialkylaminocarbonyl, -S (O)p(optionally substituted alkyl), -SF5Optionally substituted heterocyclyl, optionally substituted 6-to 10-membered aryl, optionally substituted 5-to 10-membered heteroaryl, spirocyclic heterocyclyl-carbocyclyl, spirocyclic heterocyclyl-heterocyclyl, spirocyclic carbocyclyl-heterocyclyl, or-NR aRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently is H or optionally substituted alkyl; or RaAnd RbMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, or 8-membered heterocyclic group, which may include 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and may be optionally substituted;

R4each specific value of (a) is independently hydrogen, cyano, halo, hydroxy, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkoxy, optionally substituted alkenyl, optionally substituted alkynyl, optionally substituted aryl; optionally substituted aryloxy, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyloxyOptionally substituted heterocyclyl, optionally substituted alkylcarbonyl, optionally substituted alkoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted aminocarbonyl, optionally substituted alkylaminocarbonyl, optionally substituted dialkylaminocarbonyl, -SOp(optionally substituted alkyl or haloalkyl), -SF5or-NRaRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently is H or optionally substituted alkyl; or RaAnd RbMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, or 8-membered heterocyclic group, which may include 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and may be optionally substituted;

R5And R5’Each specific value of (a) is independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkoxy, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyloxy, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, -SF5，-SOp(optionally substituted alkyl or haloalkyl), or-NRcRdWherein R iscAnd RdIndependently is H or optionally substituted alkyl; or RcAnd RdMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, or 8-membered heterocyclic group, which may include 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and may be optionally substituted;

R10is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl;

x is O or S;

q is O, S or NR2’；

Y1，Y2And Y3Each independently is-N-or-CR4-；

Y1’And Y6’Each independently is N, C, or-CR5-；

Y2’，Y3’，Y4’，Y5’Each independently is N, NR2，S，O，-CR5-or CR5R5’；

W is CR6R7O, S, or N-R8，

Z is CR6R7O, S, or N-R8，

Wherein

R6And R7Each specific value of (A) is independently hydrogen, halo, C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4-haloalkyl radical, C1-C4-alkoxy radical, C1-C4-haloalkoxy or C3-C8-a cycloalkoxy group;

R8is hydrogen or C1-C4-an alkyl group;

and

wherein Y is1’，Y2’，Y3’，Y4’，Y5’And Y6’Up to 3 of which are heteroatoms;

a is 0 or 1;

q is 0 or 1;

Each specific value of p is independently 0, 1 or 2; and

dotted line keyRepresents a single bond or a double bond;

a stereoisomer, a tautomer, an N-oxide, a hydrate, a solvate, or a salt thereof.

2. A compound of formula (I) according to claim 1,

wherein:

R1is hydrogen, cyano, halo, hydroxy, C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkyl, hydroxy-C1-C6-alkyl, hydroxy-C1-C6-haloalkyl radical, C1-C6-alkoxy-C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkoxy-C1-C6Alkyl, amino-C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-alkoxy radical, C1-C6-haloalkoxy, C2-C6-alkenyl, C2-C6-haloalkenyl, C2-C6-alkynyl, C2-C6-haloalkynyl, C1-C6-alkylcarbonyl group, C1-C6-haloalkylcarbonyl group, C1-C6-alkoxycarbonyl, C1-C6Halogenoalkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, C1-C6-alkylaminocarbonyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkylaminocarbonyl, di-C1-C6-alkylaminocarbonyl, di-C1-C6-haloalkylaminocarbonyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted aryloxy, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted C3-C8Cycloalkyl, optionally substituted C3-C8-cycloalkyloxy, optionally substituted 3-to 7-membered heterocyclyl, C1-C6-alkylcarbonyl group, C1-C6-haloalkylcarbonyl group, C1-C6-alkoxycarbonyl, C1-C6Halogenoalkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, C1-C6-alkylaminocarbonyl radical, C 1-C6-haloalkylaminocarbonyl, di-C1-C6-alkylaminocarbonyl, di-C1-C6-haloalkylaminocarbonyl, -SF5，-SOp(optionally substituted C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6-haloalkyl), or-NRaRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently is H or optionally substituted C1-C6-an alkyl group; or RaAnd RbMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, or 8-membered heterocyclic group, which may include 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and may be optionally substituted;

R2is hydrogen, C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkyl, optionally substituted C3-C8-cycloalkyl, or optionally substituted phenyl;

R2’is C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkyl, optionally substituted C3-C8-cycloalkyl, or optionally substituted phenyl;

R3is C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkyl radical, C1-C6-alkoxy-C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkoxy-C1-C6-alkyl, optionally substituted C3-C8-cycloalkyl radical, C1-C6-alkylcarbonyl group, C1-C6-haloalkylcarbonyl group, C1-C6-alkoxycarbonyl, C1-C6Halogenoalkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, C1-C6-alkylaminocarbonyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkylaminocarbonyl, di-C1-C6-alkylaminocarbonyl, di-C1-C6-haloalkylaminocarbonyl, -SF5，-S(O)p(C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6-haloalkyl), an optionally substituted 3-to 7-membered heterocyclyl containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S; optionally substituted phenyl, optionally substituted 5-to 10-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 11-membered spirocyclic heterocyclyl-carbocyclyl, 5-to 11-membered spirocyclic heterocyclyl-heterocyclyl, 5-to 11-membered spirocyclic carbocyclyl-carbocyclyl, 5-to 11-membered spirocyclic carbocyclyl-heterocyclyl, or-NR aRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently of each other is H, C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6-a haloalkyl group; or RaAnd RbMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, or 8-membered heterocyclic group, which may include 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and may be optionally substituted;

R4each specific value of (A) is independently hydrogen, cyano, halo, hydroxy, C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkyl radical, C1-C6-alkoxy radical, C1-C6-haloalkoxy, C2-C6-alkenyl, C2-C6-haloalkenyl, C2-C6-alkynyl, C2-C6-haloalkynyl，C1-C6-alkoxy-C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkoxy-C1-C6-an alkyl group, an optionally substituted phenyl group; optionally substituted phenyloxy, optionally substituted 5-or 6-membered heteroaryl, optionally substituted C3-C8Cycloalkyl, optionally substituted C3-C8-cycloalkyloxy, optionally substituted 3-to 7-membered heterocyclyl containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, C1-C6-alkylcarbonyl group, C1-C6-haloalkylcarbonyl group, C1-C6-alkoxycarbonyl, C1-C6Halogenoalkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, C1-C6-alkylaminocarbonyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkylaminocarbonyl, di-C1-C6-alkylaminocarbonyl, di-C1-C6-haloalkylaminocarbonyl, -SOp(optionally substituted C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6Haloalkyl), SF5or-NRaRbWherein R is aAnd RbIndependently of each other is H, C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6-a haloalkyl group; or RaAnd RbMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, or 8-membered heterocyclic group, which may include 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and may be optionally substituted;

R5and R5’Each specific value of (A) is independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkyl radical, C1-C6-alkoxy radical, C1-C6-haloalkoxy, C1-C6-alkoxy-C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkoxy-C1-C6-alkyl, optionally substituted C3-C8Cycloalkyl, optionally substituted C3-C8-cycloalkyloxy, optionally substituted phenyl, optionally substituted 5-or 6-membered heteroaryl, -SF5，-SOp(optionally substituted C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6-haloalkyl), or-NRcRdWherein R iscAnd RdIndependently of each other is H, C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6-a haloalkyl group; or RcAnd RdMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, or 8-membered heterocyclic group, which may include 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and may be optionally substituted; and

R10is hydrogen, halogen, C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkyl radical, C3-C8-cycloalkyl radical, C2-C6-alkenyl or C2-C6-alkynyl.

3. A compound of formula (I) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein

R1Is hydrogen, cyano, optionally substituted C 1-C4-alkyl, optionally substituted C1-C4-alkoxy, optionally substituted C2-C4-alkenyl, optionally substituted C2-C4-alkynyl, optionally substituted C3-C8-cycloalkyl, optionally substituted saturated or unsaturated 5-, 6-or 7-membered heterocycle, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryloxy, optionally substituted C1-C4-alkylcarbonyl, optionally substituted C1-C4-alkoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted aminocarbonyl, optionally substituted C1-C4-alkylaminocarbonyl, optionally substituted C1-C4A dialkylaminocarbonyl group, an optionally substituted alkyl-SOp-, haloalkyl-SOp-, amino, -NH-optionally substituted C1-C4-alkyl, or-NRaRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently is an optionally substituted alkyl group; or RaAnd RbMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-or 8-membered heterocyclic group, which may be optionally substitutedOf (1);

R2is hydrogen or C1-C4-an alkyl group;

R3is C1-C4Alkyl, 6-to 10-membered aryl, 5-to 10-membered heteroaryl, C3-C8-cycloalkyl, 5-to 11-membered spirocyclic heterocyclyl-carbocyclyl, 5-to 11-membered spirocyclic heterocyclyl-heterocyclyl, 5-to 11-membered spirocyclic carbocyclyl-carbocyclyl, or 5-to 11-membered spirocyclic carbocyclyl-heterocyclyl, each of which may be optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents;

R4Independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, nitro, -OH, optionally substituted C1-C4-alkyl, optionally substituted C1-C4-alkoxy, optionally substituted C3-C8Cycloalkyl, amino, NH-C optionally substituted1-C4-alkyl, -SF5or-NRaRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently is optionally substituted C1-C4-an alkyl group; or RaAnd RbMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-or 8-membered heterocyclyl group which may be optionally substituted, -SOp(optionally substituted C1-C4-alkyl or haloalkyl); and

R5independently halogen, cyano, nitro, -OH, optionally substituted C1-C4-alkyl, optionally substituted C1-C4-alkoxy, optionally substituted C3-C8Cycloalkyl, amino, NH-C optionally substituted1-C4-alkyl, -SF5or-NRcRdWherein R iscAnd RdIndependently is optionally substituted C1-C4-an alkyl group; or RcAnd RdMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-or 8-membered heterocyclic group, which may be optionally substituted, SOp(optionally substituted C1-C4-alkyl or haloalkyl).

4. A compound of formula (I) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein X is S.

5. A compound of formula (I) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein X is O.

6. A compound of formula (I) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a is 1 and q is 1.

7. The compound of formula (I) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a is 0 and q is 0.

8. A compound of formula (I) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a is 1 and q is 0.

9. A compound of formula (I) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein:

l is L1;

R1is halo, C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4-haloalkyl, hydroxy-C1-C4-alkyl, hydroxy-C1-C4-haloalkyl, alkoxy-C1-C4Alkyl, alkoxy-C1-C4-haloalkyl radical, C2-C4-alkenyl, C2-C4-haloalkenyl, C2-C4-alkynyl, C2-C4-haloalkynyl, C1-C4-alkylcarbonyl group, C1-C4-haloalkylcarbonyl group, C1-C4-alkoxycarbonyl, C1-C4Halogenoalkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, C1-C4-alkylaminocarbonyl radical, C1-C4-haloalkylaminocarbonyl, di-C1-C4-alkylaminocarbonyl, di-C1-C6-haloalkylaminocarbonyl, optionally substituted 5-or 6-membered heteroaryl or optionally substituted 5-or 6-membered heterocyclyl containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms of N, S or O, or-NRaRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently of each other is H, C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-a haloalkyl group; or RaAnd RbMay form a 3-, 4-, 5-or 6-membered heterocyclic group with the nitrogen to which they are attached, which may include 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and may be optionally substituted;

R2is hydrogen or C1-C4-an alkyl group;

R3Is C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkyl, optionally substituted C3-C8-cycloalkyl radical, C1-C6-alkylcarbonyl group, C1-C6-haloalkylcarbonyl group, C1-C6-alkoxycarbonyl, C1-C6Halogenoalkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, C1-C6-alkylaminocarbonyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkylaminocarbonyl, di-C1-C6-alkylaminocarbonyl, di-C1-C6-haloalkylaminocarbonyl, -SOp(optionally substituted C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6-haloalkyl), -SF5Optionally substituted 3-to 7-membered heterocyclyl containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S; optionally substituted phenyl, optionally substituted 5-or 6-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 11-membered spirocyclic heterocyclyl-carbocyclyl, 5-to 11-membered spirocyclic heterocyclyl-heterocyclyl, 5-to 11-membered spirocyclic carbocyclyl-carbocyclyl, wherein each ring of said spirocyclic group contains 3, 4, 5 or 6 ring atoms; or-NRaRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently of each other is H, C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6-a haloalkyl group; or RaAnd RbMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, or 8-membered heterocyclic group, which may include 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and may be optionally substituted;

R4each specific value of (A) is independently hydrogen, halo, -SF5，C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4-haloalkyl radical, C1-C4-alkoxy radical, C1-C4-haloalkoxy, C 2-C4-alkenyl, C2-C4-haloalkenyl, C2-C4-alkynyl, C2-C4-haloalkynyl, optionally substituted C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, C1-C4-alkylcarbonyl group, C1-C4-haloalkylcarbonyl group, C1-C4-alkoxycarbonyl, C1-C4Halogenoalkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, C1-C4-alkylaminocarbonyl radical, C1-C4-haloalkylaminocarbonyl, di-C1-C4-alkylaminocarbonyl, di-C1-C4-haloalkylaminocarbonyl, -SOp(optionally substituted C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-haloalkyl), or-NRaRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently of each other is H, C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-a haloalkyl group;

R5each specific value of (A) is independently hydrogen, halogen, -SF5，C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C4-haloalkyl radical, C1-C4-alkoxy radical, C1-C4-haloalkoxy, -SOp(optionally substituted C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-haloalkyl), or-NRcRdWherein R iscAnd RdIndependently of each other is H, C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-a haloalkyl group;

R10is hydrogen, halogen, C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-a haloalkyl group;

q is O or S;

z is O; and

w is CR6R7。

10. A compound of formula (I) according to claim 9, wherein a is 1 and q is 1.

11. Compounds of formula (I) according to claim 9, wherein a is 0 or 1 and q is 0.

12. The compound of formula (I) according to claim 9, represented by the following structure of formula (IC):

wherein

R9Independently of one another is halo, cyano, nitro, C3-C8-cycloalkyl radical, C1-C4-alkyl radical, C 1-C4-haloalkyl radical, C1-C4-halocycloalkyl radical, C1-C4-alkoxy radical, C1-C4-haloalkoxy, or-NRaRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently of each other is H, C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-a haloalkyl group;

R1is halo, C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4-haloalkyl, hydroxy-C1-C4Alkyl, alkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl radical, C2-C4-alkenyl, C2-C4-haloalkenyl, C2-C4-alkynyl, C2-C4-haloalkynyl, C1-C4-alkylcarbonyl group, C1-C4-haloalkylcarbonyl group, C1-C4-alkoxycarbonyl, C1-C4Halogenoalkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, C1-C4-alkylaminocarbonyl radical, C1-C4-haloalkylaminocarbonyl, di-C1-C4-alkylaminocarbonyl, di-C1-C6-haloalkylaminocarbonyl, optionally substituted 5-or 6-membered heterocyclyl containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms of N, S or O, or-NRaRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently of each other is H, C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-a haloalkyl group; or RaAnd RbMay form 3-, 4-, 5-or 6-membered heterocyclic groups with the nitrogen to which they are attached, which may include 1 to 3 additionalMay be selected from N, O and S and may be optionally substituted;

R4each specific value of (A) is independently hydrogen, halo, C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkyl radical, C1-C4-alkoxy radical, C1-C4-haloalkoxy, -SOp(optionally substituted C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-haloalkyl), -SF5or-NRaRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently of each other is H, C1-C4-alkyl or C 1-C4-a haloalkyl group;

R5is halo, C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4-haloalkyl radical, C1-C4-alkoxy radical, C1-C4-haloalkoxy, -SOp(optionally substituted C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-haloalkyl), -SF5or-NRcRdWherein R iscAnd RdIndependently of each other is H, C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-a haloalkyl group;

w is CR6R7；

R2Is hydrogen or C1-C3-an alkyl group;

R10is hydrogen;

o is 0, 1 or 2; and

m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

13. The compound of formula (I) according to claim 9, represented by the following structure:

wherein:

R9independently of one another is halo, cyano, nitro, C3-C8-cycloalkyl radical, C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4-haloalkyl radical, C1-C4-halocycloalkyl radical, C1-C4-alkoxy radical, C1-C4-haloalkoxy, or-NRaRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently of each other is H, C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-a haloalkyl group;

R1is halo, C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4-haloalkyl, hydroxy-C1-C4Alkyl, alkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl radical, C2-C4-alkenyl, C2-C4-haloalkenyl, C2-C4-alkynyl, C2-C4-haloalkynyl, C1-C4-alkylcarbonyl group, C1-C4-haloalkylcarbonyl group, C1-C4-alkoxycarbonyl, C1-C4Halogenoalkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, C1-C4-alkylaminocarbonyl radical, C1-C4-haloalkylaminocarbonyl, di-C1-C4-alkylaminocarbonyl, di-C1-C6-haloalkylaminocarbonyl, optionally substituted 5-or 6-membered heterocyclyl containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms of N, S or O, or-NR aRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently of each other is H, C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6-a haloalkyl group; or RaAnd RbMay form a 3-, 4-, 5-or 6-membered heterocyclic group with the nitrogen to which they are attached, which may include 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and may be optionally substituted;

R4each specific value of (A) is independently hydrogen, halo, C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4-haloalkyl radical, C1-C4-alkoxy radical, C1-C4-haloalkoxy, -SOp(optionally substituted C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-haloalkyl), -SF5or-NRaRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently of each other is H, C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-a haloalkyl group;

R5and R5’Each specific value of (A) is independently hydrogen, halo, C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4-haloalkyl radical, C1-C4-alkoxy radical, C1-C4-haloalkoxy, -SOp(optionally substituted C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-haloalkyl), -SF5or-NRcRdWherein R iscAnd RdIndependently of each other is H, C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-a haloalkyl group;

R2is hydrogen or C1-C3-an alkyl group;

R10is hydrogen;

z is CR6R7Or O;

Y1’and Y6’Each independently is C, N or CR5；

Y3’，Y4’，Y5’Independently is CR5，CR5R5’，N，NR2O or S;

dotted line keyRepresents a single bond or a double bond;

a is 0 or 1; and

m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

14. A compound according to claim 13, wherein Y is1’And Y6’Each is C;

Y3’and Y4’Independently is CR5(ii) a And

Y5’is S.

15. A compound according to claim 13, wherein Y is 3’And Y6’Is N;

Y1’is C; and

Y4’and Y5’Independently is CR5。

16. A compound according to claim 13, wherein Y is1’And Y5’Is N;

Y6’is C; and

Y3’and Y4’Independently is CR5。

17. The compound according to claim 9, represented by the following structure:

wherein

R9Independently of one another is halo, cyano, nitro, C3-C8-cycloalkyl radical, C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4-haloalkyl radical, C1-C4-halocycloalkyl radical, C1-C4-alkoxy radical, C1-C4-haloalkoxy, or-NRaRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently of each other is H, C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-a haloalkyl group;

R1is halo, C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4-haloalkyl, hydroxy-C1-C4Alkyl, alkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl radical, C2-C4-alkenyl, C2-C4-haloalkenyl, C2-C4-alkynyl, C2-C4-haloalkynyl, C1-C4-alkylcarbonyl group, C1-C4-haloalkylcarbonyl group, C1-C4-alkoxycarbonyl, C1-C4Halogenoalkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, C1-C4-alkylaminocarbonyl radical, C1-C4-haloalkylaminocarbonyl, di-C1-C4-an alkyl-amino-carbonyl group,di-C1-C6-haloalkylaminocarbonyl, optionally substituted 5-or 6-membered heterocyclyl containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms of N, S or O, or-NRaRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently of each other is H, C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6-a haloalkyl group; or RaAnd RbMay form a 3-, 4-, 5-or 6-membered heterocyclic group with the nitrogen to which they are attached, which may include 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and may be optionally substituted;

R5Is halo, C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkyl radical, C1-C6-alkoxy radical, C1-C6-haloalkoxy, -SOp(optionally substituted C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6-haloalkyl), -SF5or-NRcRdWherein R iscAnd RdIndependently of each other is H, C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-a haloalkyl group;

R2is hydrogen or C1-C3-an alkyl group;

R10is hydrogen;

d is-N-or-CH-,

D1is-NH-, -O-, -CH2-; or

D1Bonded to a 2-to 5-membered chain optionally containing an N, O or S heteroatom to form a spirocyclic heterocyclyl-heterocyclyl, spirocyclic heterocyclyl-carbocyclyl, spirocyclic carbocyclyl-carbocyclyl or spirocyclic carbocyclyl-heterocyclyl;

m is 0, 1, 2 or 3; and

b is 0 or 1.

18. A compound according to claim 12, wherein

R1Is C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4Alkenyl radical, C1-C4-cycloalkyl, amino, C1-C4-alkylamino, di (C)1-C4-alkyl) amino, morpholino, pyranyl, tetrahydropyranOr a dihydropyranyl group;

R4each specific value of (A) is independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4Haloalkyl, C1-C4Cycloalkyl, or optionally halogenated or C1-C4-phenyl substituted 1 or 2 times by alkyl; and

R5each specific value of (A) is independently halogen, cyano, C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4Haloalkyl, C1-C4Cycloalkyl, or optionally halogenated or C1-C4Phenyl substituted 1 or 2 times by alkyl.

19. A compound according to claim 13, wherein

R1Is C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4Alkenyl radical, C1-C4-cycloalkyl, amino, C1-C4-alkylamino, di (C)1-C4-alkyl) amino, morpholino, pyranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or dihydropyranyl;

R4each specific value of (A) is independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4Haloalkyl, C1-C4Cycloalkyl, or optionally halogenated or C1-C4-phenyl substituted 1 or 2 times by alkyl; and

R5each specific value of (A) is independently halogen, cyano, C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4Haloalkyl, C1-C4Cycloalkyl, or optionally halogenated or C1-C4Phenyl substituted 1 or 2 times by alkyl.

20. A compound according to claim 17, wherein

R1Is C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4Alkenyl radical, C1-C4-cycloalkyl, amino, C1-C4-alkylamino, di (C)1-C4-alkanesYl) amino, morpholino, pyranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or dihydropyranyl;

R4each specific value of (A) is independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4Haloalkyl, C1-C4Cycloalkyl, or optionally halogenated or C1-C4-phenyl substituted 1 or 2 times by alkyl; and

R5each specific value of (A) is independently halogen, cyano, C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4Haloalkyl, C1-C4Cycloalkyl, or optionally halogenated or C1-C4Phenyl substituted 1 or 2 times by alkyl.

21. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein Y1，Y2And Y3Each is-C-R 4。

22. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein Y1Is N; and Y is2And Y3is-C-R4。

23. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein Y2Is N; and Y is1And Y3is-CR4。

24. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein Y1And Y3Is N; and Y is2is-CR4。

25. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein Y1And Y2Is N; and Y is3is-CR4。

26. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound has the structure shown in the following table, wherein R2And R2’Are all hydrogen; q is oxygen; and is

Radical (I)

Abbreviated in the tables as "ring system" and represents the following groups:

ring system a;

ring system B;

a ring system C;

ring system D;

ring system E;

a ring system F;

ring system G;

ring system H;

ring system I; and

ring system K:

27. a veterinary composition comprising a compound of any one of claims 1 to 26, or a pharmaceutically or veterinarily acceptable salt thereof, and a veterinarily acceptable carrier.

28. A veterinary composition comprising a compound of any one of claims 1 to 26, or a pharmaceutically or veterinarily acceptable salt thereof, one or more additional active agents, and a veterinarily acceptable carrier.

29. A method of treating, controlling or preventing a parasitic infestation or infection in an animal in need thereof, which comprises administering to the animal an effective amount of a compound of any one of claims 1 to 26, or a pharmaceutically or veterinarily acceptable salt thereof.

30. The use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 26 in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment, control or prevention of a parasitic infection or infestation in an animal.

31. A compound of formula (I) according to any one of claims 1 to 26 for use in the treatment, control or prevention of a parasitic infection or infestation in an animal.

Technical Field

The present application relates to novel antiparasitic compounds, compositions containing the compounds, methods of their preparation, and methods of using the compounds to control parasites that are harmful to animals.

Cross reference to related applications

This application claims priority to U.S. provisional application No.62/820,352 filed on 19/03/2019, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

Background

Animals such as mammals and birds are often susceptible to parasite infestation. These parasites may be ectoparasites such as fleas and ticks. Animals and humans also suffer from endoparasitic infections including, for example, helminthiasis, which is most frequently caused by a class of parasites described as nematodes or helminths. These parasites cause severe economic losses in pigs, sheep, horses and cattle and affect companion animals (e.g. cats and dogs) and poultry. Other parasites include those present in the gastrointestinal tract of animals and humans, such as hookworm (Ancylostoma), banjo (Necator), Ascaris (Ascaris), Strongyloides (Strongyloides), Trichinella (trichonella), telangium (Capillaria), Toxocara (Toxocara), Toxocara (Toxascaris), Trichuris (trichosuris), enterobiasis (enterobiasis). Other parasites present in blood or other tissues and organs include the parenteral stages of filariasis and Strongyloides (Strongyloides) and trichoderma (trichonella).

One class of endoparasites that severely harm mammals is the heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis), also known as heartworm. Other filarial endoparasites include Dirofilaria repens (Dirofilaria repens) and hong Kong heartworm (Dirofilaria honkongensis), which can also infect humans. The most common hosts are dogs and cats, but other mammals such as ferrets and raccoons can also be infected. Heartworms go through several life stages, after which they become adults, infecting the pulmonary arteries of the host mammal. The worms require mosquitoes as intermediate hosts to complete their life cycle. The time period between initial infection of a dog being bitten by a mosquito and the maturation of worms into adults living in the heart and pulmonary arteries is 6 to 7 months in dogs and is referred to as the "pre-exposure period". The L3 larvae migrate to the mosquito mouth parts (lower lips) during blood feeding by the mosquito, leave the mosquito and deposit on the dog's skin where they then migrate into the host through biting wounds. Most of the L3 larvae molted to fourth instar larvae in canine subcutaneous tissue within 1-3 days after infection (L4). They then migrate to the thoracoabdominal muscles and molt 45 to 60 days post infection to a five-year old stage (L5, immature adults). These immature dirofilaria immitis then enter the bloodstream and are carried through the heart, residing in the pulmonary arteries, 75 to 120 days after infection. Approximately 7 months after infection, adult heartworms (Dirofilaria immitis) reached maturity and propagated sexually in the pulmonary artery and right ventricle. Male adults are about 15cm long and females are about 25cm long, and their normal life span as adults is calculated to be about 5 years.

Heartworm infection is a serious and life-threatening disease. Heartworm infection is preventable and prophylactic treatment is preferred in areas where heartworms are prevalent. Treatment of adult heartworm infections with adulticides (e.g. melasomine dihydrochloride) is costly and can lead to serious adverse side effects, and so it is widely used to prevent by interrupting larval development by monthly administration of drugs. The purpose of prophylactic treatment of heartworm in the market is to prevent the development of parasites into adult heartworm by interrupting the heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) life cycle after infection.

Macrolides (MLs such as ivermectin, eprinomectin, milbemycin oxime, moxidectin (moxidectin), and selamectin) are the most commonly used chemopreventive agents and are administered at monthly or six-month intervals. These drugs have been effective against mosquito-attached canine heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) infectious third-instar larvae (L3) and mature fourth-instar larvae (L4). In the case of monthly administration, MLs killed L3 and L4 larvae obtained 30 days before, thereby preventing diseases caused by adult worms. MLs can also be used monthly in infected dogs to inhibit adult worm reproduction and remove microfilaria, thereby reducing transmission and leading gradually to adult worm depletion (vet. parasitol.2005Oct 24133 (2-3)197 and 206).

An increasing number of loss of efficacy (LOE) situations have been reported in recent years, where dogs develop adult heartworm dirofilaria immitis infections despite monthly prophylactic doses of macrolide drugs. For example, Atkins et al (vet. Parasitol.206(2014) 106-; this means that certain populations of Heartworm have developed selective resistance to Heartworm preventatives (American Heartworm Society,2010.Heartworm Preventive resistance. it Possible, vol.37.bulletin of the American Heartworm Society, pp.5.). Thus, there is a continuing need to develop new anthelmintics with improved activity against heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) and other endoparasites.

WO 2017/178416 a1 provides pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives for the control, treatment and/or prevention of helminths. WO 2018/197401 a1 provides bicyclic pyrazole derivatives for the control, treatment and/or prevention of helminths. WO 2018/087036 a1 provides quinolone-3-carboxamide derivatives for the control, treatment and/or prevention of helminths. WO 2019/025341 provides quinoline compounds for the treatment, control and/or prevention of helminth infections and WO 2019/002132 a1 provides azaquinone derivatives for the control, treatment and/or prevention of helminths. All of these disclosures are in the Bayer Animal Health GmbH and are incorporated herein in their entirety by reference.

Recently WO 2020/014068 a1 (incorporated herein by reference) describes anthelmintic heterocyclic compounds which have been found to be active against heartworm.

It should be noted that citation or identification of any document in this application is not an admission that such document is prior art to the present specification. Any of the foregoing applications and all documents cited therein or during the prosecution thereof ("application cited documents") and all documents cited or referenced in the application cited documents, and all documents cited or referenced herein ("herein cited documents"), and all documents cited or referenced in the herein cited documents, as well as any manufacturer's instructions, specifications, product specifications, and product sheets for any products mentioned herein or in any document incorporated by reference herein, are herein incorporated by reference and may be used in the practice of this specification.

Summary of The Invention

The present application provides novel anthelmintic and antiparasitic heterocyclic compounds having improved activity against endoparasites and ectoparasites. The application also relates to compositions comprising the compounds, methods and uses of the compounds for eradicating, controlling and preventing parasite infestation and/or infection in animals, including humans. The compounds can be administered to animals, particularly mammals, fish and birds, to prevent or treat parasitic infections.

One aspect of the present invention includes compounds of formula (I):

a stereoisomer, a tautomer, an N-oxide, a hydrate, a solvate, or a salt thereof, wherein the variable R1、R3、R10、Y1、Y2、Y3、X、L、W、Z、Y1’、Y2’、Y3’、Y4’、Y5’、Y6’And q is as defined herein, and the dotted bondRepresents a single bond or a double bond.

The invention also includes a veterinarily acceptable composition comprising a compound of formula (I) and a veterinarily acceptable carrier; and methods of controlling parasites, including helminths, comprising administering the compounds or veterinarily acceptable compositions thereof to an animal in need thereof. Embodiments of the invention also include the use of compounds of formula (I) for eradicating, controlling, and preventing parasite infestation and/or infection in an animal. The compounds of the invention can be administered to animals, particularly mammals, fish and birds, to prevent or treat parasitic infections.

The compounds and compositions comprising the compounds are highly effective in the treatment and prevention of endoparasites in mammals, fish and birds, and especially cats, dogs, horses, chickens, pigs, sheep and cattle, with the objective of substantially removing the endoparasites from these hosts.

In embodiments, the compounds of formula (I) and compositions comprising the compounds are substantially effective against endoparasites, such as filarial worms (e.g., heartworms), hookworms, whipworms, and roundworms of the digestive tract of animals and humans. In certain embodiments, the compounds of formula (I) and compositions comprising the compounds are effective against heartworm isolates that are not susceptible to treatment with macrocyclic lactones. In yet another embodiment, the compounds and compositions of the present invention are effective in treating and preventing infections in animals that are less susceptible to treatment with commercially available or known active agents.

In embodiments, the present description includes combinations of a compound of formula (I) with at least a second active agent, which may broaden the scope of protection afforded to animals against endoparasites and/or ectoparasites.

Yet another embodiment includes a method of treating and/or preventing a parasitic infection and/or infestation in an animal comprising administering a compound of formula (I) to the animal. Yet another embodiment includes the use of a compound of formula (I) for treating and/or preventing a parasitic infection and/or infestation in an animal and the use of a compound of formula (I) in the manufacture of a medicament for treating and/or preventing a parasitic infection in an animal.

Thus, the present invention includes the following non-limiting embodiments:

(a) a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically or veterinarily acceptable salt thereof, which is an active endoparasiticide and in some cases also active against ectoparasites;

(b) a veterinary composition comprising a parasiticidally effective amount of a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically or veterinarily acceptable salt thereof, in combination with a pharmaceutically or veterinarily acceptable carrier or diluent;

(c) a veterinary composition comprising a parasiticidally effective amount of a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically or veterinarily acceptable salt thereof, in combination with one or more additional active agents (i.e. active ingredients not covered by formula (I)) and a pharmaceutically or veterinarily acceptable carrier or diluent;

(d) A method of treating a parasitic infestation/infection in or on an animal comprising administering to the animal in need thereof a parasiticidally effective amount of a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically or veterinarily acceptable salt thereof, and optionally one or more additional active agents (i.e., an active ingredient not encompassed by formula (I));

(e) a method of preventing parasite infestation/infection in an animal comprising administering to an animal in need thereof a parasiticidally effective amount of a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically or veterinarily acceptable salt thereof, and optionally one or more additional active agents (i.e., an active ingredient not encompassed by formula (I));

(f) the use of a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically or veterinarily acceptable salt thereof for the treatment or prevention of a parasitic infection and possibly also a parasitic infestation in an animal;

(g) use of a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically or veterinarily acceptable salt thereof for the manufacture of a veterinary medicament for the treatment or prevention of a parasitic infection in an animal; and

(h) a process for the preparation of a compound of formula (I).

Accordingly, it is not an object of the present invention to cover any previously known product, process for making a product, or method of using a product in the present invention, and applicant reserves the right to disclaim and disclose herein a disclaimer of any previously known product, process, or method. It should also be noted that the present invention is not intended to encompass within the scope of the invention any product, method, or method of making a product or method of using a product that does not comply with the USPTO (35 u.s.c. § 112, first paragraph) or EPO (EPC, article 83) written description and requirements for practice, such that applicants reserve the right and disclose herein a disclaimer of any product, method, or method of making a product or method of using a product described above. It may be advantageous in the practice of the present invention to follow art.53(c) EPC and Rule 28(b) and (c) EPC. It is expressly reserved that all rights expressly excluded are of any embodiment that the applicant is the subject of in any granted patent in the present series of applications or in any other series or in any previously filed third party application. This document is not to be construed as a convention.

The term "compound of formula (I)" includes any stereoisomer, tautomer, N-oxide, hydrate, solvate or salt thereof.

These and other embodiments are disclosed or illustrated by and encompassed by the following detailed description.

Defining:

it should be noted that in this disclosure and particularly in the claims and/or paragraphs, terms such as "comprising," "including," "containing," and the like may have the meaning attributed to it by U.S. patent law; for example, they can mean "including", "containing", etc.; whereas terms such as "consisting essentially of … …" and "consisting essentially of … …" have the meaning attributed to it by U.S. patent law, e.g., they allow the inclusion of elements not specifically mentioned, but exclude elements that are present in the prior art or that affect the underlying or novel features of the invention.

Terms used herein have the conventional meaning in the art unless otherwise specified. The organic moieties mentioned in the variable definitions of compounds of formula (I) are collective terms like the term halogen, i.e. a separate list for the individual members of the group (fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine in the case of halogen). Prefix Cn-CmIn each case it is indicated that the possible number of carbon atoms in the radical is an integer n to another integer m.

In the present specification and claims the term "including but not limited to" is equivalent to "including".

The term "optionally substituted" means that the residue is optionally substituted with one or more of the following moieties: halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, acyl, acyloxy, amino, alkylamino or dialkylamino, amido, arylamino, alkoxy, aryloxy, nitro, cyano, azido, thiol, imino, sulfonic acid, sulfate, sulfonyl, sulfanyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, ester, phosphonyl, phosphinyl, phosphoryl, phosphine, thioester, thioether, acid halide, anhydride, oxime, hydrazine, carbamate, phosphonic acid, phosphate, phosphonate, aryl and heteroaryl, or any other possible functional group (unprotected or optionally protected) known to those skilled in the art that does not inhibit the biological activity of the compounds of the present specification, such as Greene and Wuts, Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, John wiland Sons, Third Edition,1999, which is incorporated herein by reference. For the avoidance of doubt, "optionally substituted alkyl" includes haloalkyl.

Unless otherwise specified, "alkyl" alone or in combination with heteroatoms such as alkoxy, thioalkyl, alkylamino, and the like, means saturated straight, branched, primary, secondary, or tertiary hydrocarbons, including those having from 1 to 12 atoms. In certain embodiments, alkyl includes C 1-C10，C1-C8，C1-C6，C1-C4Or C1-C3An alkyl group. C1-C10Examples of alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl, 1-methylethyl, butyl, 1-methylpropyl, 2-methylpropyl, 1, 1-dimethylethyl, pentyl, 1-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 2, 2-dimethylpropyl, 1-ethylpropyl, hexyl, 1, 1-dimethylpropyl, 1, 2-dimethylpropyl, 1-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl, 1, 1-dimethylbutyl, 1, 2-dimethylbutyl, 1, 3-dimethylbutyl, 2, 2-dimethylbutyl, 2, 3-dimethylbutyl, 3, 3-dimethylbutyl, 1-ethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 1,1, 2-trimethylpropyl, 1,2, 2-trimethylCyclopropyl, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropyl, 1-ethyl-2-methylpropyl, heptyl, octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, nonyl and decyl and their isomers. C1-C4Alkyl means, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, 1-methylethyl, butyl, 1-methylpropyl, 2-methylpropyl or 1, 1-dimethylethyl.

Cyclic alkyl groups may be referred to as "cycloalkyl" and include those having 3 to 10 carbon atoms with single or multiple fused rings. Non-limiting examples of cycloalkyl groups include adamantyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, and the like.

Carbocyclic groups are cyclic groups consisting of only carbon. Carbocyclic groups include aromatic rings such as phenyl and non-aromatic rings such as cycloalkyl rings, including cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, and the like, and include those having from 3 to 14 carbon atoms with single or multiple fused rings.

The term "alkenyl" refers to straight and branched carbon chains having at least one carbon-carbon double bond. In certain embodiments, alkenyl groups may include C2-C12An alkenyl group. In other embodiments, alkenyl includes C2-C10，C2-C8，C2-C6，C2-C4Or C3-C4An alkenyl group. In one embodiment of alkenyl, the number of double bonds is 1 to 3; in yet another embodiment of the alkenyl group, the number of double bonds is 1. Other ranges of carbon-carbon double bonds and carbon numbers are also contemplated depending on the location of the alkenyl moiety on the molecule. An "alkenyl" group may include more than one double bond in the chain. Examples of alkenyl groups or specific ranges thereof include, but are not limited to, ethenyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 1-methyl-ethenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 1-methyl-1-propenyl, 2-methyl-1-propenyl, 1-methyl-2-propenyl, 2-methyl-2-propenyl; 1-pentenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 4-pentenyl, 1-methyl-1-butenyl, 2-methyl-1-butenyl, 3-methyl-1-butenyl, 1-methyl-2-butenyl, 2-methyl-2-butenyl, 3-methyl-2-butenyl, 1-methyl-3-butenyl, 2-methyl-3-butenyl, 3-methyl-3-butenyl, 1, 1-dimethyl-2-propenylene A group, 1, 2-dimethyl-1-propenyl group, 1, 2-dimethyl-2-propenyl group, 1-ethyl-1-propenyl group, 1-ethyl-2-propenyl group, 1-hexenyl group, 2-hexenyl group, 3-hexenyl group, 4-hexenyl group, 5-hexenyl group, 1-methyl-1-pentenyl group, 2-methyl-1-pentenyl group, 3-methyl-1-pentenyl group, 4-methyl-1-pentenyl group, 1-methyl-2-pentenyl group, 2-methyl-2-pentenyl group, 3-methyl-2-pentenyl group, 4-methyl-2-pentenyl group, 1-methyl-3-pentenyl group, 2-methyl-3-pentenyl, 3-methyl-3-pentenyl, 4-methyl-3-pentenyl, 1-methyl-4-pentenyl, 2-methyl-4-pentenyl, 3-methyl-4-pentenyl, 4-methyl-4-pentenyl, 1, 1-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1, 1-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 1, 2-dimethyl-1-butenyl, 1, 2-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1, 2-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 1, 3-dimethyl-1-butenyl, 1, 3-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1, 3-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 2, 2-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 2, 3-dimethyl-1-butenyl, 2, 3-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 2, 3-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 3, 3-dimethyl-1-butenyl, 3, 3-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1-ethyl-1-butenyl, 1-ethyl-2-butenyl, 1-ethyl-3-butenyl, 2-ethyl-1-butenyl, 2-ethyl-2-butenyl, 2-ethyl-3-butenyl, 1,1, 2-trimethyl-2-propenyl, 1-ethyl-1-methyl-2-propenyl, 1-ethyl-2-methyl-1-propenyl and 1-ethyl-2-methyl-2-propenyl.

"alkynyl" refers to straight and branched carbon chains having at least one carbon-carbon triple bond. In one embodiment of alkynyl, the number of triple bonds is 1 to 3; in yet another embodiment of the alkynyl group, the number of triple bonds is 1. In certain embodiments, alkynyl groups include 2 to 12 carbon atoms. In other embodiments, alkynyl groups may include C2-C10，C2-C8，C2-C6Or C2-C4Alkynyl. Other ranges of carbon-carbon triple bonds and carbon numbers are also contemplated depending on the position of the alkynyl moiety on the molecule. For example, the term "C2-C10-alkynyl "as used herein refers to a straight or branched unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms and containing at least one triple bond, such as ethynyl, prop-1-yn-1-yl, prop-2-yn-1-yl, n-but-1-yn-3-yl, n-but-1-yn-4-yl-2-yn-1-yl, n-pent-1-yn-3-yl, n-pent-1-yn-4-yl, n-pent-1-yn-5-yl, n-pent-2-yn-1-yl, n-pent-2-yn-4-yl, n-pent-2-yn-5-yl, 3-methylbut-1-yn-3-yl, 3-methylbut-1-yn-4-yl, n-hex-1-yn-1-yl, n-hex-1-yn-3-yl, n-hex-1-yn-4-yl, n-hex-1-yn-5-yl, n-hex-1-yn-6-yl, n-hex-2-yn-1-yl, n-hex-2-yn-4-yl, n-hex-2-yn-5-yl, n-hex-2-yn-6-yl, n-hex-3-yn-1-yl, n-hex-3-yn-2-yl, 3-methylpent-1-yn-1-yl, 3-methylpent-1-yn-3-yl, 3-methylpent-1-yn-4-yl, 3-methylpent-1-yn-5-yl, 4-methylpent-1-yn-1-yl, 4-methylpent-2-yn-4-yl or 4-methylpent-2-yn-5-yl and the like.

The term "haloalkyl" refers to an alkyl group, as defined herein, substituted with one or more halogen atoms. E.g. C1-C4Haloalkyl includes, but is not limited to, chloromethyl, bromomethyl, dichloromethyl, trichloromethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, chlorofluoromethyl, dichlorofluoromethyl, chlorodifluoromethyl, 1-chloroethyl, 1-bromoethyl, 1-fluoroethyl, 2, 2-difluoroethyl, 2,2, 2-trifluoroethyl, 2-chloro-2-fluoroethyl, 2-chloro-2, 2-difluoroethyl, 2, 2-dichloro-2-fluoroethyl, 2,2, 2-trichloroethyl, pentafluoroethyl, and the like. The term "fluoroalkyl" as used herein refers to an alkyl group in which one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced with a fluorine atom, such as difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, 1-fluoroethyl, 2, 2-difluoroethyl, 2,2, 2-trifluoroethyl, 1,1,2, 2-tetrafluoroethyl or pentafluoroethyl.

The term "haloalkenyl" refers to an alkenyl group, as defined herein, which is substituted with one or more halogen atoms.

The term "haloalkynyl" refers to an alkynyl group, as defined herein, which is substituted with one or more halogen atoms.

The term "alkoxy" refers to alkyl-O-, wherein alkyl is as defined above. Similarly, the terms "alkenyloxy", "alkynyloxy", "haloalkoxy", "haloalkenyloxy", "haloalkynyloxy", "cycloalkoxy", "cycloalkenyloxy", "haloalkcycloalkenyloxy", and "halocycloalkenyl Oxy "refers to the groups alkenyl-O-, alkynyl-O-, haloalkyl-O-, haloalkenyl-O-, haloalkynyl-O-, cycloalkyl-O-, cycloalkenyl-O-, halocycloalkyl-O-, and halocycloalkenyl-O-, respectively, wherein alkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl, haloalkenyl, haloalkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, halocycloalkyl, and halocycloalkenyl are as defined above. C1-C6Examples of-alkoxy groups include, but are not limited to, methoxy, ethoxy, OCH2-C2H5，OCH(CH3)2N-butoxy, OCH (CH)3)-C2H5，OCH2-CH(CH3)2，OC(CH3)3N-pentyloxy, 1-methylbutyloxy, 2-methylbutyloxy, 3-methylbutyloxy, 1, 1-dimethylpropyloxy, 1, 2-dimethylpropyloxy, 2, 2-dimethylpropyloxy, 1-ethylpropyloxy, n-hexyloxy, 1-methylpentyloxy, 2-methylpentyloxy, 3-methylpentyloxy, 4-methylpentyloxy, 1, 1-dimethylbutyloxy, 1, 2-dimethylbutyloxy, 1, 3-dimethylbutyloxy, 2, 2-dimethylbutyloxy, 2, 3-dimethylbutyloxy, 3, 3-dimethylbutyloxy, 1-ethylbutyloxy, 2-ethylbutyloxy, 1,1, 2-trimethylpropyloxy, 1,2, 2-trimethylpropyloxy, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropoxy, 1-ethyl-2-methylpropoxy, and the like.

The term "aryl" refers to a monovalent aromatic carbocyclic group of 6 to 14 carbon atoms having a single ring or multiple condensed rings. Aryl groups include, but are not limited to, phenyl, biphenyl, and naphthyl. In certain embodiments, aryl groups include tetrahydronaphthyl, phenylcyclopropyl, and indanyl. Aryl groups may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more moieties selected from: halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, amino, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, haloalkyl, haloalkenyl, haloalkynyl, halocycloalkyl, halocycloalkenyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, haloalkoxy, haloalkenyloxy, haloalkynyloxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenyloxy, halocycloalkenyloxy, alkylthio, haloalkylthio, cycloalkylthio, halocycloalkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkenylsulfinyl, alkynyl-sulfinyl Sulfonyl, haloalkylsulfinyl, haloalkenylsulfinyl, haloalkynylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkenylsulfonyl, alkynylsulfonyl, haloalkyl-sulfonyl, haloalkenylsulfonyl, haloalkynylsulfonyl, -SF5Alkylamino, alkenylamino, alkynylamino, di (alkyl) amino, di (alkenyl) -amino, di (alkynyl) amino, or trialkylsilyl.

The term "aralkyl" refers to a bridge (-CH) through a divalent alkylene group2-)nAn aryl group bonded to the parent compound, wherein n is 1-12 and wherein "aryl" is as previously defined.

The term "heteroaryl" refers to a monovalent aromatic group of 1 to 15 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, having one or more heteroatoms of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur in the ring, preferably 1 to 4 heteroatoms, or 1 to 3 heteroatoms. The nitrogen and sulfur heteroatoms may optionally be oxidized. Heteroaryl groups generally include 5-or 6-membered aromatic rings. The heteroaryl group can have a single ring (e.g., pyridyl or furyl) or multiple condensed rings, provided that the point of attachment is through a heteroaryl ring atom. Examples of heteroaryl groups include pyridyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, pyrrolyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, furanyl, thienyl, furanyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyrazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, or pyrrolopyrimidinyl. The heteroaryl ring may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more moieties as described for aryl above.

The terms "heterocyclyl", "heterocycle" or "heterocycle" refer to a fully saturated or unsaturated cyclic group, such as a 3-to 7-membered monocyclic, 7-to 11-membered bicyclic, or 10-to 15-membered tricyclic ring system, having one or more oxygen, sulfur, or nitrogen heteroatoms, preferably 1 to 4 or 1 to 3 heteroatoms, in the ring. The nitrogen and sulfur heteroatoms may be optionally oxidized and the nitrogen heteroatoms may be optionally quaternized. The heterocyclic group may be attached at any heteroatom or carbon atom of the ring or ring system and may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more moieties as described for aryl above.

Exemplary monocyclic heterocyclic groups include, but are not limited to, aziridinyl, azetidinyl, oxetanyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, oxetanyl, pyrazolinyl, imidazolyl, imidazolinyl, imidazolidinyl, oxazolyl, oxazolidinyl, isoxazolinyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, thiazolidinyl, isothiazolyl, isothiazolidinyl, furanyl, tetrahydrofuryl, thienyl, oxadiazolyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, 2-oxopiperazinyl, 2-oxopiperidinyl, 2-oxopyrrolidinyl, 2-oxoazaazaazapyrrolidinylRadical, aza Phenyl, 4-piperidinonyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, tetrahydropyranyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl sulfoxide, thiomorpholinyl sulfone, 1, 3-dioxolane and tetrahydro-1, 1-dioxothienyl, triazolyl, triazinyl, and the like.

Exemplary bicyclic heterocyclic groups include, but are not limited to, indolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzodioxolyl, benzothienyl, quinuclidinyl, quinolinyl, tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzopyranyl, indolizinyl, benzofuranyl, chromonyl, coumarinyl, benzopyranyl, cinnolinyl, quinoxalinyl, indazolyl, pyrrolopyridinyl, furopyridinyl (such as furo [2,3-c ] pyridinyl, furo [3,2-b ] pyridinyl ] or furo [2,3-b ] pyridinyl), dihydroisoindolyl, dihydroquinazolinyl (such as 3, 4-dihydro-4-oxo-quinazolinyl), tetrahydroquinolinyl, and the like.

Bicyclic and tricyclic carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring systems include spiro ring systems in which at least two of the rings of the system are connected by a single carbon atom. Spiro ring systems include combinations of 3-to 8-membered carbocyclic and/or heterocyclic systems attached at a common carbon atom. Thus, a spirocyclic ring system may include a 3-membered ring bonded to a further 3-membered ring (carbocyclic or heterocyclic) up to an 8-membered ring bonded to a further 8-membered ring and all combinations of ring sizes therebetween. The heterocyclic moiety of the spirocyclic ring system includes one or two heteroatoms selected from N, O or S.

The term "alkylthio" refers to alkyl-S-, wherein "alkyl" is as previously defined. In certain embodiments, the alkyl moiety of an alkylthio group includes C1-C10，C1-C8，C1-C6，C1-C4Or C1-C3An alkyl group. E.g. C1-C4Alkylthio includes, but is not limited to, methylthio, ethylthio, propylthio, 1-methylethylthio, butylthio, 1-methylpropylthio, 2-methylpropylthio or 1, 1-dimethylethylthio.

Similarly, the terms "haloalkylthio", "cycloalkylthio", "halocycloalkylthio" refer to the groups-S-haloalkyl, -S-cycloalkyl and-S-halocycloalkyl, respectively, wherein the terms "haloalkyl", "cycloalkyl" and "halocycloalkyl" are as defined above.

The term "alkylsulfinyl" refers to the group alkyl-S (═ O) -, where "alkyl" is as defined above. In certain embodiments, the alkyl moiety in alkylsulfinyl includes C1-C12，C1-C10，C1-C8，C1-C6，C1-C4Or C1-C3An alkyl group. Examples include, but are not limited to-SO-CH3，-SO-C2H5N-propylsulfinyl, 1-methylethylsulfinyl, n-butylsulfinyl, 1-methylpropylsulfinyl, 2-methylpropylsulfinyl, 1, 1-dimethylethylsulfinyl, n-pentylsulfinyl, 1-methylbutylsulfinyl, 2-methylbutylsulfinyl, 3-methylbutylsulfinyl, 1, 1-dimethylpropylsulfinyl, 1, 2-dimethylpropylsulfinyl, 2, 2-dimethylpropylsulfinyl, 1-ethylpropylsulfinyl, n-hexylsulfinyl, 1-methylpentylsulfinyl, 2-methylpentylsulfinyl, 3-methylpentylsulfinyl, 4-methylpentylsulfinyl, 1, 1-dimethylbutylsulfinyl, 1, 2-dimethylbutylsulfinyl Acyl, 1, 3-dimethylbutylsulfinyl, 2, 2-dimethylbutylsulfinyl, 2, 3-dimethylbutylsulfinyl, 3, 3-dimethylbutylsulfinyl, 1-ethylbutylsulfinyl, 2-ethylbutylsulfinyl, 1,1, 2-trimethylpropylsulfinyl, 1,2, 2-trimethylpropylsulfinyl, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropylsulfinyl or 1-ethyl-2-methylpropylsulfinyl.

Similarly, the terms "alkenylsulfinyl", "alkynylsulfinyl", "haloalkylsulfinyl", "haloalkenylsulfinyl", and "haloalkynylsulfinyl" refer to the groups alkenyl-S (═ O) -, alkynyl-S (═ O) -, and haloalkyl-S (═ O) -, haloalkenyl-S (═ O) -, and haloalkynyl-S (═ O) -, where the terms "alkenyl", "alkynyl", "haloalkyl", "haloalkenyl", and "haloalkynyl" are as defined above.

The term "alkylsulfonyl" refers to the group alkyl-S (═ O)2-, wherein the term "alkyl" is as defined above. In certain embodiments, the alkyl moiety in the alkylsulfonyl group includes C1-C12，C1-C10，C1-C8，C1-C6Or C1-C4An alkyl group. Examples include, but are not limited to-SO2-CH3，-SO2-C2H5N-propylsulfonyl, -SO2-CH(CH3)2N-butylsulfonyl, 1-methylpropylsulfonyl, 2-methylpropylsulfonyl, -SO 2-C(CH3)3N-pentylsulfonyl group, 1-methylbutylsulfonyl group, 2-methylbutylsulfonyl group, 3-methylbutylsulfonyl group, 1, 1-dimethylpropylsulfonyl group, 1, 2-dimethylpropylsulfonyl group, 2, 2-dimethylpropylsulfonyl group, 1-ethylpropylsulfonyl group, n-hexylsulfonyl group, 1-methylpentylsulfonyl group, 2-methylpentylsulfonyl group, 3-methylpentylsulfonyl group, 4-methylpentylsulfonyl group, 1, 1-dimethylbutylsulfonyl group, 1, 2-dimethylbutylsulfonyl group, 1, 3-dimethylbutylsulfonyl group, 2, 2-dimethylbutylsulfonyl group, 2, 3-dimethylbutylsulfonyl group, 3, 3-dimethylbutylsulfonyl group, 1-ethylbutylsulfonyl group, 2-ethylbutylsulfonyl group1,1, 2-trimethylpropylsulfonyl, 1,2, 2-trimethylpropylsulfonyl, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropylsulfonyl or 1-ethyl-2-methylpropylsulfonyl and the like.

The terms "alkenylsulfonyl", "alkynylsulfonyl", "haloalkylsulfonyl" and "haloalkylsulfonylsulfonyl" refer to the group alkenyl-S (═ O)2-, alkynyl-S (═ O)2-, and haloalkyl-S (═ O)2-, haloalkenyl-S (═ O)2-, and haloalkynyl-S (═ O)2-, wherein the terms "alkenyl", "alkynyl", "haloalkyl", "haloalkenyl" and "haloalkynyl" are as defined above.

The terms "alkylamino", "dialkylamino", "alkenylamino", "alkynylamino", "di (alkenyl) amino" and "di (alkynyl) amino" refer to the groups-NH (alkyl), -N (alkyl)2-NH (alkenyl), -NH (alkynyl), -N (alkenyl)2and-N (alkynyl)2Wherein the terms "alkyl", "alkenyl" and "alkynyl" are as defined above. In certain embodiments, the alkyl moiety in an alkylamino or dialkylamino group comprises C1-C12，C1-C10，C1-C8，C1-C6Or C1-C4An alkyl group.

The terms "alkylcarbonyl", "alkoxycarbonyl", "alkylaminocarbonyl" and "dialkylaminocarbonyl" refer to alkyl-c (o) -, alkoxy-c (o) -, alkylamino-c (o) -and dialkylamino-c (o) -, wherein alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino and dialkylamino are as defined above. Similarly, the terms "haloalkylcarbonyl", "haloalkoxycarbonyl", "haloalkylaminocarbonyl", and "dihaloalkylaminocarbonyl" refer to the groups haloalkyl-C (O) -, haloalkoxy-C (O) -, haloalkylamino-C (O) -, and dihaloalkylamino-C (O) -, wherein haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, haloalkylamino and dihaloalkylamino are as defined above.

Detailed description of the invention:

embodiments of the invention include compounds of formula (I):

wherein:

l is L1 or L2:

R1is hydrogen, cyano, halo, hydroxy, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkoxy, optionally substituted alkenyl, optionally substituted alkynyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted aryloxy, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyloxy, optionally substituted heterocyclyl, optionally substituted alkylcarbonyl, optionally substituted alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, optionally substituted alkylaminocarbonyl, optionally substituted dialkylaminocarbonyl, -SOp(optionally substituted alkyl or haloalkyl), -SF5or-NRaRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently is H or optionally substituted alkyl; or RaAnd RbMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, or 8-membered heterocyclic group, which may include 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and may be optionally substituted;

R2is hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, or optionally substituted aryl;

R2’is optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, or optionally substituted aryl;

R3Is optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted alkylcarbonyl, optionally substituted alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, optionally substituted alkylaminocarbonyl, optionally substituted dialkylaminocarbonyl, -S (O)p(optionally substituted alkyl), -SF5Optionally substituted heterocyclic radicalOptionally substituted 6-to 10-membered aryl, optionally substituted 5-to 10-membered heteroaryl, spirocyclic heterocyclyl-carbocyclyl, spirocyclic heterocyclyl-heterocyclyl, spirocyclic carbocyclyl-carbocyclyl, spirocyclic carbocyclyl-heterocyclyl or-NRaRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently is H or optionally substituted alkyl; or RaAnd RbMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, or 8-membered heterocyclic group, which may include 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and may be optionally substituted;

R4each specific value of (a) is independently hydrogen, cyano, hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkoxy, optionally substituted alkenyl, optionally substituted alkynyl, optionally substituted aryl; optionally substituted aryloxy, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyloxy, optionally substituted heterocyclyl, optionally substituted alkylcarbonyl, optionally substituted alkoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted aminocarbonyl, optionally substituted alkylaminocarbonyl, optionally substituted dialkylaminocarbonyl, -SO p(optionally substituted alkyl or haloalkyl), -SF5or-NRaRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently is H or optionally substituted alkyl; or RaAnd RbMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, or 8-membered heterocyclic group, which may include 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and R, which may be optionally substituted5And R5’Each specific value of (a) is independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkoxy, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyloxy, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, -SF5，-SOp(optionally substituted alkyl or haloalkyl), or-NRcRdWherein R iscAnd RdIndependently is H or optionally substituted alkyl; or RcAnd RdMay form 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-or 8-membered-heterocycles with the nitrogen to which they are attachedA group which may comprise 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and which may be optionally substituted;

R10is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl;

x is O or S;

q is O, S or N-R2’；

Y1，Y2And Y3Each independently is N or-CR4-；

Y1’And Y6’Each independently is N, C, or-CR5-；

Y2’，Y3’，Y4’And Y5’Each independently is N, NR 2，S，O，-CR5-or CR5R5’；

W is CR6R7O, S, or N-R8，

Z is CR6R7O, S, or N-R8，

Wherein

R6And R7Each specific value of (A) is independently hydrogen, halo, C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4-haloalkyl radical, C1-C4-alkoxy radical, C1-C4-haloalkoxy or cycloalkoxy;

R8is hydrogen or C1-C4-an alkyl group; and

wherein Y is1’，Y2’，Y3’，Y4’，Y5’And Y6’Up to 3 of which are heteroatoms;

a is 0 or 1;

q is 0 or 1;

each specific value of p is independently 0, 1 or 2; and

dotted line keyRepresents a single bond or a double bond;

a stereoisomer, a tautomer, an N-oxide, a hydrate, a solvate, or a salt thereof.

In yet another embodiment, the present invention provides a compound of formula (I)

Wherein:

R1is hydrogen, cyano, halo, hydroxy, C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkyl, hydroxy-C1-C6-alkyl, hydroxy-C1-C6-haloalkyl radical, C1-C6-alkoxy-C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkoxy-C1-C6Alkyl, amino-C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-alkoxy radical, C1-C6-haloalkoxy, C2-C6-alkenyl, C2-C6-haloalkenyl, C2-C6-alkynyl, C2-C6-haloalkynyl, C1-C6-alkylcarbonyl group, C1-C6-haloalkylcarbonyl group, C1-C6-alkoxycarbonyl, C1-C6Halogenoalkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, C1-C6-alkylaminocarbonyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkylaminocarbonyl, di-C1-C6-alkylaminocarbonyl, di-C1-C6-haloalkylaminocarbonyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted aryloxy, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted C 3-C8Cycloalkyl, optionally substituted C3-C8-cycloalkyloxy, optionally substituted 3-to 7-membered heterocyclyl, -SF5，-SOp(optionally substituted C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6-haloalkyl), or-NRaRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently is H or optionally substituted C1-C6-an alkyl group; or RaAnd RbMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, or 8-membered heterocyclic group, which may include 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and may be optionally substituted;

R2is hydrogen, C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkyl, optionally substituted C3-C8-cycloalkyl, or optionally substituted phenyl;

R2’is C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkyl, optionally substituted C3-C8-cycloalkyl, or optionally substituted phenyl;

R3is C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkyl radical, C1-C6-alkoxy-C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkoxy-C1-C6-alkyl, optionally substituted C3-C8-cycloalkyl radical, C1-C6-alkylcarbonyl group, C1-C6-haloalkylcarbonyl group, C1-C6-alkoxycarbonyl, C1-C6Halogenoalkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, C1-C6-alkylaminocarbonyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkylaminocarbonyl, di-C1-C6-alkylaminocarbonyl, di-C1-C6-haloalkylaminocarbonyl, -SF5，-S(O)p(C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6-haloalkyl), an optionally substituted 3-to 7-membered heterocyclyl containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S; optionally substituted phenyl, optionally substituted 5-to 10-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 11-membered spirocyclic heterocyclyl-carbocyclyl, 5-to 11-membered spirocyclic heterocyclyl-heterocyclyl, 5-to 11-membered spirocyclic carbocyclyl-carbocyclyl, 5-to 11-membered spirocyclic carbocyclyl-heterocyclyl, or-NR aRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently of each other is H, C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6-a haloalkyl group; or RaAnd RbMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, or 8-membered heterocyclic group, which may include 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and may be optionally substituted;

R4is independently of each specific valueIs hydrogen, cyano, halo, hydroxy, C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkyl radical, C1-C6-alkoxy radical, C1-C6-haloalkoxy, C2-C6-alkenyl, C2-C6-haloalkenyl, C2-C6-alkynyl, C2-C6-haloalkynyl, C1-C6-alkoxy-C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkoxy-C1-C6-an alkyl group, an optionally substituted phenyl group; optionally substituted phenyloxy, optionally substituted 5-or 6-membered heteroaryl, optionally substituted C3-C8Cycloalkyl, optionally substituted C3-C8-cycloalkyloxy, optionally substituted 3-to 7-membered heterocyclyl containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, C1-C6-alkylcarbonyl group, C1-C6-haloalkylcarbonyl group, C1-C6-alkoxycarbonyl, C1-C6Halogenoalkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, C1-C6-alkylaminocarbonyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkylaminocarbonyl, di-C1-C6-alkylaminocarbonyl, di-C1-C6-haloalkylaminocarbonyl, -SOp(optionally substituted C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6Haloalkyl), SF5or-NR aRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently of each other is H, C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6-a haloalkyl group; or RaAnd RbMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, or 8-membered heterocyclic group, which may include 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and may be optionally substituted;

R5and R5’Each specific value of (A) is independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkyl radical, C1-C6-alkoxy radical, C1-C6-haloalkoxy, C1-C6-alkoxy-C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkoxy-C1-C6-alkyl, optionally substituted C3-C8Cycloalkyl, optionally substituted C3-C8-cycloalkyloxy, optionally substituted phenyl, optionally substituted 5-or 6-membered heteroaryl, -SF5，-SOp(optionally substituted C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6-haloalkyl), or-NRcRdWherein R iscAnd RdIndependently of each other is H, C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6-a haloalkyl group; or RcAnd RdMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, or 8-membered heterocyclic group, which may include 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and may be optionally substituted;

R10is hydrogen, halogen, C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkyl radical, C3-C8-cycloalkyl radical, C2-C6-alkenyl or C2-C6-an alkynyl group; and

L，X，Q，Y1，Y2，Y3，Y1’，Y2’，Y3’，Y4’，Y5’，Y6’，W，Z，R6，R7，R8a, q, p and dotted bondsAs hereinbefore defined for the compounds of formula (I).

In one embodiment, L is L1. In yet another embodiment, L is L2. In certain embodiments:

R1is hydrogen, cyano, optionally substituted C1-C4-alkyl, optionally substituted C1-C4-alkoxy, optionally substituted C1-C4-alkenyl, optionally substituted C1-C4-alkynyl, optionally substituted C3-C8-cycloalkyl, -anyOptionally substituted, saturated or unsaturated 5-, 6-or 7-membered heterocyclic group, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryloxy, optionally substituted C1-C4-alkylcarbonyl, optionally substituted C1-C4-alkoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted aminocarbonyl, optionally substituted C1-C4-alkylaminocarbonyl, optionally substituted C1-C4A dialkylaminocarbonyl group, an optionally substituted alkyl-SOp-, haloalkyl-SOp-, amino, -NH-optionally substituted C1-C4-alkyl, or-NRaRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently is an optionally substituted alkyl group; or RaAnd RbMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, or 8-membered heterocyclic group, which may include 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and may be optionally substituted;

R2is hydrogen or C1-C4-an alkyl group;

R3is C1-C4-alkyl radical, C3-C6-cycloalkyl, 4-to 6-membered-heterocyclyl, 6-to 10-membered aryl, 5-to 10-membered heteroaryl, each of which may be optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents;

Each R4Independently halogen, cyano, nitro, -OH, optionally substituted C1-C4-alkyl, optionally substituted C1-C4-alkoxy, optionally substituted C3-C8-cycloalkyl, -amino, NH-optionally substituted C1-C4-alkyl, -SF5or-NRaRbWherein R iscAnd RdIndependently is optionally substituted C1-C4-an alkyl group; or RaAnd RbMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-or 8-membered heterocyclic group, which may be optionally substituted, SOp(optionally substituted C1-C4-alkyl or haloalkyl);

each R5Independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, nitro, -OH,optionally substituted C1-C4-alkyl, optionally substituted C1-C4-alkoxy, optionally substituted C3-C8-cycloalkyl, -amino, NH-optionally substituted C1-C4-alkyl, -SF5or-NRcRdWherein R iscAnd RdIndependently is optionally substituted C1-C4-an alkyl group; or RcAnd RdMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-or 8-membered heterocyclic group, which may be optionally substituted, SOp(optionally substituted C1-C4-alkyl or haloalkyl);

in certain embodiments, R1Is hydrogen.

In certain embodiments, R1Is C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4-haloalkyl, amino, C1-C4-alkylamino, or di- (C)1-C4Alkyl) amino.

In yet another embodiment, R 1Is a halogen.

In yet another embodiment, R1Is C1-C4-alkyl-SOp-，C1-C4-haloalkyl-SOp-or-SF5。

In other embodiments, R1Is hydroxy-C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4-alkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4-haloalkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-haloalkoxy-C1-C4-haloalkyl.

In yet another embodiment, R1Is methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, isopropyl (iso-Pr), tert-butyl (tert-butyl), prop-1-en-2-yl, 2-fluoroprop-2-yl or 2-hydroxyprop-2-yl.

In yet another embodiment, R1Is CF3，-CH2CF3，-CHFCF3or-CF2CF3。

In certain embodiments, R1Is C2-C4-alkenyl or C2-C4-haloalkenyl in certain embodiments, R1Is an optionally substituted cyclopentyl group or an optionally substituted cyclohexyl group.

In certain embodiments, R1Is an optionally substituted saturated or unsaturated 6-membered heterocyclic group.

In one embodiment, R1is-NRaRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently is hydrogen or C1-C6An alkyl group. In yet another embodiment R1is-NRaRbWherein R isaAnd RbMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, or 8-membered heterocyclic group, which may include 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and may be optionally substituted.

In yet another embodiment, R1Is C1-C6-alkylcarbonyl group, C 1-C6-haloalkylcarbonyl group, C1-C6-alkoxycarbonyl, C1-C6Halogenoalkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, C1-C6-alkylaminocarbonyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkylaminocarbonyl, di-C1-C6-alkylaminocarbonyl, di-C1-C6-haloalkylaminocarbonyl.

In certain embodiments, R1Is optionally substituted tetrahydrofuranyl, dihydrofuranyl, morpholino, pyranyl, dihydropyranyl, piperidinyl, dihydropiperidinyl, dihydrothiophene, or tetrahydrothiophene.

In certain embodiments, R1Is an optionally substituted phenyl group.

In certain embodiments, R1Is aziridinyl, azetidinyl, oxetanyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, oxetanyl, pyrazolinyl, imidazolyl, imidazolinyl, imidazolidinyl, oxazolyl, oxazolidinyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, thiazolidinyl, isothiazolylThiazolidinyl, furyl, tetrahydrofuryl, thienyl, oxadiazolyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, 2-oxopiperazinyl, 2-oxopiperidinyl, 2-oxopyrrolidinyl, 2-oxopazepineRadical, azaA group selected from the group consisting of a 4-piperidinonyl group, a pyridyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a pyranyl group, a dihydropyranyl group, a tetrahydropyranyl group, a thiopyranyl group, a morpholinyl group, a thiomorpholinyl group, a sulfoximine group, a thiomorpholinyl group, a 1, 3-dioxolane group and a tetrahydro-1, 1-dioxothienyl group, a triazolyl group and a triazinyl group.

In certain embodiments, R1Is aziridinyl, azetidinyl, oxetanyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrrolyl, or morpholinyl, all optionally substituted with one or more halogens.

In certain embodiments, R3Is a 6-or 10-membered aryl group, optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 substituents.

In certain embodiments, R3Is C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-haloalkyl.

In certain embodiments, R3Is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, sec-butyl or isobutyl.

In other embodiments, R3Is CF3，-CH2CF3，-CHFCF3or-CF2CF3。

In certain embodiments, R3Is optionally substituted C3-C8-a cycloalkyl group. In other embodiments, R3Is optionally substituted C3-C6-a cycloalkyl group. In other embodiments, R3Is optionally substituted C3-C8-Cycloalkenyl or C3-C6-cycloalkenyl groups. In some embodimentsIn the formula, R3Is an optionally substituted cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl group.

In one embodiment, R3Is optionally substituted by one or more halogen radicals, C1-C3-alkyl or C1-C3-haloalkyl-substituted cyclohexyl. In yet another embodiment, R3Is prepared from 1 or 2 fluorine, chlorine or CF3A substituted cyclohexyl group.

In certain embodiments, R3Is optionally substituted piperidinyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl or dihydrofuranyl. In certain embodiments, R 3By one or more halogens, C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6-haloalkyl-substituted piperidinyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydrofuryl or dihydrofuranyl. In yet another embodiment, R3Is piperidinyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl or dihydrofuranyl substituted with one or more methyl, chloro or fluoro groups.

In certain embodiments, R3Is a 5-to 10-membered heteroaryl optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 substituents. In one embodiment, the 5-to 10-membered heteroaryl is pyridyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, pyrrolyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, furyl, thienyl, furyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyrazolyl benzofuryl, benzothienyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, or pyrrolopyrimidinyl.

In other embodiments, R3Is optionally substituted spirocyclic heterocyclyl-carbocyclyl, optionally substituted spirocyclic heterocyclyl-heterocyclyl, optionally substituted spirocyclic carbocyclyl or optionally substituted spirocyclic carbocyclyl-heterocyclyl. In other embodiments, R3Is 5-to 11-membered optionally substituted spirocyclic heterocyclyl-carbocyclyl, 5-to 11-membered optionally substituted spirocyclic heterocyclyl-heterocyclyl, 5-to 11-membered optionally substituted spirocyclic carbocyclyl or 5-to 11-membered optionally substituted spirocyclic carbocyclyl-heterocyclyl. Spirocyclic carbocyclyl-carbocyclyl, spirocyclic carbocyclyl-heterocyclyl and spiro Non-limiting examples of cyclylheterocyclyl-heterocyclyl groups are shown by way of example below.

However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the second ring of the spiro group may be attached at any feasible carbon of the first ring. It is also understood that the first ring of the spiro group may be bonded to the molecule at any feasible atom. Thus, the invention includes 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, and 7-membered carbocycles or heterocycles as defined herein, which are linked to a second 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, and 7-membered carbocycle or heterocycle at any feasible carbon atom of the first ring.

In certain embodiments, R3Is phenyl substituted with 1 to 4 substituents. In yet another embodiment, R3Is phenyl substituted with 1 to 3 substituents. In yet another embodiment, R3Is phenyl substituted with 1 or 2 substituents. In certain embodiments, R3Is phenyl substituted with 1, 2, 3, or 4 substituents independently being halo, cyano, nitro, alkylsulfonyl, haloalkylsulfonyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, haloalkyl, haloalkenyl, haloalkynyl, halocycloalkyl, halocycloalkenyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, haloalkoxy, or haloalkenyloxy.

In certain embodiments, R3Is a para-substituted phenyl.

In certain embodiments, R3Is a meta-substituted phenyl group.

In certain embodiments, R3Is an ortho-substituted phenyl group.

In certain embodiments, R3Is a halophenyl group. In certain embodiments R3Is a haloalkylphenyl group.

In certain embodiments, R3Is a haloalkoxyphenyl group.

In certain embodiments, R3Is taken by 2 substituentsA substituted phenyl, said substituents being independently halo, cyano, nitro, alkylsulfonyl, haloalkylsulfonyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, haloalkyl, haloalkenyl, haloalkynyl, halocycloalkyl, halocycloalkenyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, haloalkoxy or haloalkenyloxy.

In certain embodiments, R3Is a 2, 3-disubstituted phenyl group.

In certain embodiments, R3Is a 2, 4-disubstituted phenyl group.

In certain embodiments, R3Is a 2, 5-disubstituted phenyl group.

In certain embodiments, R3Is 2-, 6-disubstituted phenyl.

In certain embodiments, R3Is a 3-, 5-disubstituted phenyl group.

In other embodiments, R3Is a 3-, 4-disubstituted phenyl group.

In other embodiments, R3Is a 3-, 6-disubstituted phenyl group.

In certain embodiments, R3Is dihalophenyl, such as dichlorophenyl; difluorophenyl; or a chlorofluorobenzene group.

In certain embodiments, R3Is a 2, 3-dihalophenyl group.

In certain embodiments, R3Is chlorophenyl. In yet another embodiment, R3Is fluorophenyl. In yet another embodiment, R3Is dichlorophenyl. In yet another embodiment, R3Is difluorophenyl. In yet another embodiment, R3Is 3, 5-dichlorophenyl. In yet another embodiment, R3Is 3, 5-difluorophenyl. In yet another embodiment, R3Is 2, 6-dichlorophenyl. In yet another embodiment, R3Is 2, 6-difluorophenyl.

In certain embodiments R3Is phenyl substituted with halo and haloalkyl.

In certain embodiments R3Is phenyl substituted with halo and haloalkoxy.

In certain embodiments R3Is phenyl substituted with haloalkyl and haloalkoxy.

In certain embodiments, R3Is phenyl substituted with 3 substituents independently being halo, cyano, nitro, alkylsulfonyl, haloalkylsulfonyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, haloalkyl, haloalkenyl, haloalkynyl, halocycloalkyl, halocycloalkenyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, haloalkoxy or haloalkenyloxy.

In certain embodiments, R3Is a trihalophenyl group, such as trichlorophenyl; a trifluorophenyl group; or a chlorofluorophenyl group or a fluorochlorophenyl group.

In certain embodiments R3Is phenyl substituted with 2 halo and haloalkyl groups.

In certain embodiments R3Is phenyl substituted with 2 halo and haloalkoxy groups.

In certain embodiments R3Is phenyl substituted with 1 haloalkyl, 1 halo and 1 haloalkoxy.

In certain embodiments R3Is phenyl substituted with 1 halo and 2 haloalkyl.

In certain embodiments, R3Is a 5-membered heteroaryl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently being halo, cyano, nitro, alkylsulfonyl, haloalkylsulfonyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, haloalkyl, haloalkenyl, haloalkynyl, halocycloalkyl, halocycloalkenyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, haloalkoxy or haloalkenyloxy.

In certain embodiments, R3Is a 6-membered heteroaryl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently being halo, cyano, nitro, alkylsulfonyl, haloalkylsulfonyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, haloalkyl, haloalkenyl, haloalkynyl, halocycloalkyl, halocycloalkenyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, Alkynyloxy, haloalkoxy or haloalkenyloxy.

In certain embodiments, R3Is 2-pyridyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently being halo, cyano, nitro, alkylsulfonyl, haloalkylsulfonyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, haloalkyl, haloalkenyl, haloalkynyl, halocycloalkyl, halocycloalkenyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, haloalkoxy or haloalkenyloxy.

In certain embodiments, R3Is 3-pyridyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently being halo, cyano, nitro, alkylsulfonyl, haloalkylsulfonyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, haloalkyl, haloalkenyl, haloalkynyl, halocycloalkyl, halocycloalkenyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, haloalkoxy or haloalkenyloxy.

In certain embodiments, R3Is 4-pyridyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently being halo, cyano, nitro, alkylsulfonyl, haloalkylsulfonyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, haloalkyl, haloalkenyl, haloalkynyl, halocycloalkyl, halocycloalkenyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, haloalkoxy or haloalkenyloxy.

In yet another embodiment, R3Is 4-pyridyl, which is unsubstituted or substituted by 1 or 2 chloro or fluoro. In yet another embodiment R3Is 3-pyridyl, which is unsubstituted or substituted with 1 or 2 chloro or fluoro.

In other embodiments, R3Is an optionally substituted 3-to 7-membered heterocyclic ring. In certain embodiments, R3Is optionally substituted aziridinyl, azetidinyl, oxetanyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, oxetanyl, pyrazolinyl, imidazolyl, imidazolinyl, imidazolidinyl, oxazolyl, oxazolidinyl, isoxazolinyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, thiazolidinyl, isothiazolylIsothiazolidinyl, furyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, thienyl, oxadiazolyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, 2-oxopiperazinyl, 2-oxopiperidinyl, 2-oxopyrrolidinyl, 2-oxoazaRadical, aza-phenyl, 4-piperidinonyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, tetrahydropyranyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, sulfoxaflorpholinyl, sulfoxafluorohormyl, 1, 3-dioxolane and tetrahydro-1, 1-dioxothienyl, triazolyl or triazinyl.

In yet another embodiment, R3May be a heterocyclic, bridged bicyclic group, which may be optionally substituted.

In certain embodiments, each R is4Independently of one another is hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4-haloalkyl, amino, C1-C4-alkylamino, or di- (C)1-C4Alkyl) amino.

In yet another embodiment, each R is4Independently hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl or tert-butyl.

In yet another embodiment, each R is4Independently of hydrogen, CF3，-CH2CF3，-CHFCF3or-CF2CF3。

In certain embodiments, R4Is hydrogen.

In certain embodiments, R4Is a halogen.

In yet another embodiment, R4Is fluorine or chlorine.

In yet another embodiment, each R is4Independently of one another is hydrogen, C1-C4-alkoxy radical, C1-C4Haloalkoxy or S (O)p(C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-haloAlkyl) wherein p is 0, 1 or 2.

In yet another embodiment, R4Is methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy or butoxy.

In yet another embodiment, R4Is methylthio, ethylthio, propylthio or butylthio.

In yet another embodiment, R4is-OCF3or-SCF3。

In certain embodiments, R4Is C1-C4-alkenyl or C1-C4-haloalkenyl.

In certain embodiments, R4Is an optionally substituted cyclopentyl group or an optionally substituted cyclohexyl group.

In certain embodiments, R4Is an optionally substituted saturated or unsaturated 6-membered heterocyclic group.

In certain embodiments, R4Is optionally substituted tetrahydrofuranyl, dihydrofuranyl, morpholino, pyranyl, dihydropyranyl, piperidinyl, dihydropiperidinyl, dihydrothiophene, or tetrahydrothiophene.

In certain embodiments, R4Is an optionally substituted phenyl group.

In other embodiments, R4Is phenyl substituted with 1, 2, 3 substituents independently being halo, cyano, nitro, alkylsulfonyl, haloalkylsulfonyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenyl, haloalkyl, haloalkenyl, haloalkynyl, halocycloalkyl, halocycloalkenyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, haloalkoxy or haloalkenyloxy.

In other embodiments, R4Is a 5-or 6-membered heteroaryl group substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently being halo, cyano, nitro, alkylsulfonyl, haloalkylsulfonyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, haloalkyl, haloalkenyl, haloalkynyl, halocycloalkyl, halocycloalkenyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, haloalkoxy or haloalkenyloxy.

In certain embodiments, R4Is optionally substituted aziridinyl, azetidinyl, oxetanyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, oxetanyl, pyrazolinyl, imidazolyl, imidazolinyl, imidazolidinyl, oxazolyl, oxazolidinyl, isoxazolinyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, thiazolidinyl, isothiazolyl, isothiazolidinyl, furanyl, tetrahydrofuryl, thienyl, oxadiazolyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, 2-oxopiperazinyl, 2-oxopiperidinyl, 2-oxopyrrolidinyl, 2-oxoazaazaazapyrrolidinylRadical, aza-phenyl, 4-piperidinonyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, tetrahydropyranyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, sulfoxaflorpholinyl, sulfoxafluorohormyl, 1, 3-dioxolane and tetrahydro-1, 1-dioxothienyl, triazolyl or triazinyl.

In certain embodiments, R4Is aziridinyl, azetidinyl, oxetanyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrrolyl, or morpholinyl, all optionally substituted with one or more halogens.

In certain embodiments, R5Is hydrogen.

In certain embodiments, each R is 5Independently of one another is hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4-haloalkyl, amino, C1-C4-alkylamino, or di- (C)1-C4Alkyl) amino.

In yet another embodiment, each R is5Is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl or tert-butyl.

In yet another embodiment, R5Is CF3，-CH2CF3，-CHFCF3or-CF2CF3。

In certain embodiments, R5Is a halogen.

In yet another embodiment, R5Is fluorine or chlorine.

In yet another embodiment, R5Is C1-C4-alkoxy radical, C1-C4Haloalkoxy or S (O)p(C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-haloalkyl) wherein p is 0, 1 or 2.

In yet another embodiment, R5Is methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy or butoxy.

In yet another embodiment, R5Is methylthio, ethylthio, propylthio or butylthio.

In yet another embodiment, R5is-OCF3or-SCF3。

In certain embodiments, R5Is C1-C4-alkenyl or C1-C4-haloalkenyl

In certain embodiments, R5Is an optionally substituted cyclopentyl group or an optionally substituted cyclohexyl group.

In certain embodiments, R5Is optionally substituted tetrahydrofuranyl, dihydrofuranyl, morpholino, pyranyl, dihydropyranyl, piperidinyl, dihydropiperidinyl, dihydrothiophene, or tetrahydrothiophene.

In certain embodiments, R5Is an optionally substituted phenyl group.

In other embodiments, R5Is phenyl substituted with 1, 2, 3 substituents independently being halo, cyano, nitro, alkylsulfonyl, haloalkylsulfonyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenyl, haloalkyl, haloalkenyl, haloalkynyl, halocycloalkyl, halocycloalkenyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, haloalkoxy or haloalkenyloxy.

In other embodiments, R5Is a 5-or 6-membered heteroaryl group substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently being haloCyano, nitro, alkylsulfonyl, haloalkylsulfonyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, haloalkyl, haloalkenyl, haloalkynyl, halocycloalkyl, halocycloalkenyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, haloalkoxy or haloalkenyloxy.

In certain embodiments, R5Is optionally substituted aziridinyl, azetidinyl, oxetanyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, oxetanyl, pyrazolinyl, imidazolyl, imidazolinyl, imidazolidinyl, oxazolyl, oxazolidinyl, isoxazolinyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, thiazolidinyl, isothiazolyl, isothiazolidinyl, furanyl, tetrahydrofuryl, thienyl, oxadiazolyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, 2-oxopiperazinyl, 2-oxopiperidinyl, 2-oxopyrrolidinyl, 2-oxoazaazaazapyrrolidinyl Radical, aza-phenyl, 4-piperidinonyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, tetrahydropyranyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, sulfoxaflorpholinyl, sulfoxafluorohormyl, 1, 3-dioxolane and tetrahydro-1, 1-dioxothienyl, triazolyl or triazinyl.

In certain embodiments, R5Is aziridinyl, azetidinyl, oxetanyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrrolyl, or morpholinyl, all optionally substituted with one or more halogens.

In certain embodiments, 0.

In certain embodiments, is 1.

In certain embodiments, X is O.

In certain embodiments, X is S.

In certain embodiments, Q is O.

In certain embodiments, Q is S.

In some casesIn an embodiment, Q is NR2’。

In certain embodiments, W is CH2

In certain embodiments, Z is CH2。

In certain embodiments, Z is O.

In certain embodiments, Z is S.

In certain embodiments, Z is NH.

In certain embodiments, the compound of formula (I) is a compound of formula (I-1):

wherein the variables L, R1，R3，Y1，Y2，Y3，Y1’，Y3’，Y4’，Y5’，Y6’，X，W，Z，R10And a is as defined for formula (I).

In certain embodiments, the compound of formula (I) is a compound of formula (I-2):

Wherein the variable R1，R2，R3，Y1，Y2，Y3，Y2’，Y3’，Y4’，Y5’，X，Q，W，Z，R10And a is as defined for formula (I).

In other embodiments, the compound of formula (I) is a compound of formula (I-3) below:

wherein the variable R1，R2，R3，Y1，Y2，Y3，Y2’，Y3’，Y4’，Y5’，X，Q，W，Z，R10And a is as defined for formula (I).

In other embodiments, the compound of formula (I) is a compound of formula (I-4):

wherein the variable R1，R2，R3，Y1，Y2，Y3，Y1’，Y3’，Y4’，Y5’，Y6’，X，Q，W，Z，R10And a is as defined for formula (I).

In yet another embodiment, the compound of formula (I) is a compound of formula (I-5):

wherein the variable R1，R2，R3，Y1，Y2，Y3，Y1’，Y3’，Y4’，Y5’，Y6’，X，Q，W，Z，R10And a is as defined for formula (I).

In certain embodiments, the compound of formula (I) is a compound of formula (Ia):

wherein the variable Y1，Y2，Y3，R1，R2，R3，W，Z，Y2’，Y3’，Y4’，Y5’，R10And a is as defined for formula (I).

In certain embodiments, the compound of formula (I) is a compound of formula (Ib):

wherein the variable Y1，Y2，Y3，R1，R2，R3，R5，W，Z，R10And a is as defined for formula (I), and o is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4.

In certain embodiments, the compound of formula (I) is a compound of formula (Ic):

wherein the variable R1，R2，R3，R4，R5，W，Z，R10And a is as defined for formula (I); n is 0, 1 or 2; and o is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4.

In other embodiments, the compound of formula (I) is a compound of formula (Id):

wherein the variable R1，R2，R3，R4，R5，W，Z，R10And a is as defined for formula (I); n is 0, 1 or 2; and o is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4.

In certain embodiments, the compound of formula (I) is a compound of formula (Ie):

wherein the variable R1，R2，R3，R4，R5，W，Z，R10And a is as defined for formula (I); and o is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4.

In certain embodiments, the compound of formula (I) is a compound of formula (If):

wherein the variable R1，R2，R3，R4，R5，W，Z，R10And a is as defined for formula (I); and o is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4.

In certain embodiments, the compound of formula (I) is a compound of formula (Ig):

wherein the variable R1，R2，R3，R4，R5，W，Z，R10And a is as defined for formula (I); n is 0, 1 or 2; and o is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4.

In other embodiments, the compound of formula (I) is a compound of formula (Ih):

wherein the variable R1，R2，R3，R4，R5，W，Z，R10And a is as defined for formula (I); and o is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4.

In certain embodiments, the compound of formula (I) is a compound of formula (Ii):

wherein the variable R1，R2，R3，R4，R5，W，Z，R10And a is as defined for formula (I); n is 0, 1, 2 or 3; and o is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4.

Those skilled in the art will recognize that in any of formulas (Ib) to (Ii), in the variable R4And R5Are indicated as aromatic ring substituents (e.g. as (R)4)nAnd (R)5)oIn which n is 0, 1, 2 or 3 and o is 0,1. 2, 3 or 4) will represent a non-hydrogen substituent, since in embodiments where n and o are 0R4And R5Will not be present.

In other embodiments, the invention includes compounds of formula (I) having the structures of formulae (Ia) to (Ii) shown above, but wherein the sulfur atom corresponding to variable X of formula (I) is replaced with an oxygen atom. Accordingly, the present invention provides compounds of formulae (Ia '), (Ib '), (Ic '), (Id '), (Ie '), (If '), (Ig '), (Ih ') and (Ii ') which correspond to formulae (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (Id), (Ie), (If), (Ig), (Ih) and (Ii) but in which the sulfur atom of formulae (Ia) to (Ii) corresponding to variable X of formula (I) is replaced by oxygen.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula (IA) wherein the variable R1，R2，R3，R4，R5，X，W，Z，R10And a is as defined above for formula (I), and Y1，Y2，Y3，Y2’，Y3’，Y4’And Y5’As shown in table 1:

TABLE 1

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IA-1 to IA-56 wherein X is S.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IA-1 to IA-56 wherein X is O.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IA-1 to IA-56 wherein each R4Independently of one another is H, halo, C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4-haloalkyl radical, C1-C4-alkoxy radical, C1-C4Haloalkoxy or S (O)p(C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-haloalkyl).

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IA-1 to IA-56 wherein each R4Independently H, chloro, fluoro, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl or tert-butyl.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IA-1 to IA-56 wherein each R4Independently of each other is H, CF3，-CH2CF3，-CHFCF3or-CF2CF3。

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IA-1 to IA-56 wherein each R4Independently H, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy or butoxy.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IA-1 to IA-56 wherein each R 4Independently is H, -OCF3or-SCF3。

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IA-1 to IA-56 wherein each R5Independently of one another is H, halo, C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4-haloalkyl radical, C1-C4-alkoxy radical, C1-C4Haloalkoxy or S (O)p(C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-haloalkyl).

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IA-1 to IA-56 wherein each R5Independently H, chloro, fluoro, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl or tert-butyl.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IA-1 to IA-56 wherein each R5Independently of each other is H, CF3，-CH2CF3，-CHFCF3or-CF2CF3。

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IA-1 to IA-56 wherein each R5Independently H, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy or butoxy.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IA-1 to IA-56 wherein each R5Independently is H, -OCF3or-SCF3。

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IA-1 to IA-56 wherein R2And R10Independently is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IA-1 to IA-56 wherein a is 1 and W is CH2And Z is O.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IA-1 to IA-56 wherein R 1Is C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkyl, hydroxy-C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-alkoxy-C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkoxy-C1-C6Alkyl, amino-C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-alkoxy radical, C1-C6-haloalkoxy, C2-C6-alkenyl, C2-C6-haloalkenyl, optionally substituted C3-C8-cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 3-to 7-membered heterocyclyl, or-NRaRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently is H or optionally substituted C1-C6-an alkyl group; or RaAnd RbMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-membered heterocyclic group, which may include 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and may be optionally substituted.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IA-1 to IA-56 wherein R3Is C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkyl, optionally substituted C3-C8-cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 3-to 7-membered heterocyclyl containing 1 to 3 substituents selected from N,Heteroatoms of O and S; optionally substituted phenyl, optionally substituted 5-to 10-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 11-membered spirocyclic heterocyclyl-carbocyclyl, 5-to 11-membered spirocyclic heterocyclyl-heterocyclyl, 5-to 11-membered spirocyclic carbocyclyl-carbocyclyl, 5-to 11-membered spirocyclic carbocyclyl-heterocyclyl, or-NRaRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently of each other is H, C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6-a haloalkyl group; or R aAnd RbMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-membered heterocyclic group, which may include 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and may be optionally substituted.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IA-1 to IA-56 wherein X is S, R2And R10Independently is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group; w is CH2Z is O and a is 1.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula IA-1 above, wherein X is S; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is H or halo; and R2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula IA-1 above, wherein X is O; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is H or halo; and R2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula IA-9 above, wherein X is S; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is H or halo; and R 2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula IA-9 above, wherein X is O; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is H or halo; and R2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula IA-17 above, wherein X is S; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is H or halo; and R2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula IA-17 above, wherein X is O; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is H or halo; and R2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula IA-25 above, wherein X is S; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is H or halo; and R2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula IA-25 above, wherein X is O; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is H or halo; and R2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula IA-49 above, whereinX is S; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is H or halo; and R2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula IA-49 above, wherein X is O; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is H or halo; and R2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group.

In other embodiments, the invention provides compounds of formula (IB) as shown below, wherein the variable R is1，R2，R4，R5，X，W，Z，R10And a is as defined above for formula (I);

each R9Is cyano, halo, hydroxy, C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkyl radical, C1-C6-alkoxy radical, C1-C6-haloalkoxy, C2-C6-alkenyl, C2-C6-haloalkenyl, C2-C6-alkynyl, C 2-C6-haloalkynyl, C1-C6-alkoxy-C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkoxy-C1-C6-an alkyl group, an optionally substituted phenyl group; optionally substituted phenyloxy, optionally substituted 5-or 6-membered heteroaryl, optionally substituted C3-C8Cycloalkyl, optionally substituted C3-C8-cycloalkyloxy, optionally substituted 3-to 7-membered heterocyclyl containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, C1-C6-alkylcarbonyl group, C1-C6-haloalkylcarbonyl group, C1-C6-alkoxycarbonyl, C1-C6Halogenoalkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, C1-C6-alkylaminocarbonyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkylaminocarbonyl, di-C1-C6-alkylaminocarbonyl, di-C1-C6-haloalkylaminocarbonyl, -SOp(optionally substituted C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6-haloalkyl) wherein p is 0, 1 or 2, SF5or-NRaRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently of each other is H, C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6-a haloalkyl group; or RaAnd RbMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, or 8-membered heterocyclic group, which may include 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and may be optionally substituted;

m is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; and Y1，Y2，Y3，Y2’，Y3’，Y4’And Y5’As shown in table 2:

TABLE 2

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IB-1 to IB-56 wherein X is S.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IB-1 to IB-56 wherein X is O.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IB-1 through IB-56 wherein each R4Independently of one another is H, halo, C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4-haloalkyl radical, C1-C4-alkoxy radical, C1-C4Haloalkoxy or S (O)p(C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-haloalkyl).

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IB-1 through IB-56 wherein each R4Independently H, chloro, fluoro, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl or tert-butyl.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IB-1 through IB-56 wherein each R4Independently of each other is H, CF3，-CH2CF3，-CHFCF3or-CF2CF3。

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IB-1 through IB-56 wherein each R4Independently H, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy or butoxy.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IB-1 through IB-56 wherein each R4Independently is H, -OCF3or-SCF3。

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IB-1 through IB-56 wherein each R5Independently of one another is H, halo, C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4-haloalkyl radical, C1-C4-alkoxy radical, C1-C4Haloalkoxy or S (O)p(C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-haloalkyl).

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IB-1 through IB-56 wherein each R 5Independently H, chloro, fluoro, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl or tert-butyl.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IB-1 through IB-56 wherein each R5Independently of each other is H, CF3，-CH2CF3，-CHFCF3or-CF2CF3。

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IB-1 through IB-56 wherein each R5Independently H, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy or butoxy.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IB-1 through IB-56 wherein each R5Independently is H, -OCF3or-SCF3。

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IB-1 through IB-56, wherein R2And R10Independently is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IB-1 through IB-56, wherein R1Is C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkyl, hydroxy-C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-alkoxy-C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkoxy-C1-C6Alkyl, amino-C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-alkoxy radical, C1-C6-haloalkoxy, C2-C6-alkenyl, C2-C6-haloalkenyl, optionally substituted C3-C8-cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 3-to 7-membered heterocyclyl, or-NRaRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently is H or optionally substituted C1-C6-an alkyl group; or RaAnd RbMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-membered heterocyclic group, which may include 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and may be optionally substituted.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IB-1 through IB-56, wherein R3Is C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkyl, optionally substituted C3-C8-cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 3-to 7-membered heterocyclyl containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S; optionally substituted phenyl, optionally substituted 5-to 10-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 11-membered spirocyclic heterocyclyl-carbocyclyl, 5-to 11-membered spirocyclic heterocyclyl-heterocyclyl, 5-to 11-membered spirocyclic carbocyclyl-carbocyclyl, 5-to 11-membered spirocyclic carbocyclyl-heterocyclyl, or-NRaRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently of each otherIs H, C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6-a haloalkyl group; or RaAnd RbMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-membered heterocyclic group, which may include 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and may be optionally substituted.

In other embodiments, the invention provides compounds of formulae IB-1 through IB-56 wherein a is 1 and W is CH2And Z is O.

In other embodiments, the invention provides compounds of formulae IB-1 through IB-56 wherein R9Independently of one another is halo, cyano, nitro, C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkyl radical, C3-C6-halocycloalkyl radical, C1-C6-alkoxy radical, C1-C6Haloalkoxy or S (O)p(C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6-haloalkyl), and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the invention provides compounds of formulae IB-1 through IB-56 wherein R9Independently is halo and m is 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the invention provides compounds of formulae IB-1 through IB-56 wherein R9Independently fluorine or chlorine and m is 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the invention provides compounds of formulae IB-1 through IB-56 wherein X is S, R9Independently is halo and m is 1, 2 or 3, R2And R10Independently is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group; w is CH2Z is O and a is 1.

In other embodiments, the invention provides compounds of formulae IB-1 through IB-56 wherein X is S, R9Independently chlorine or fluorine and m is 1, 2 or 3, R2And R10Independently is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group; w is CH2Z is O and a is 1.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula IB-1 above wherein X is S; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is optionally substituted independently by 1 to 3 halogenSubstituted phenyl; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is H or halo; r2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group; r9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula IB-1 above wherein X is O; r 1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is H or halo; r2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group; r9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula IB-9 above wherein X is S; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is H or halo; r2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group; r9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula IB-9 above, wherein X is O; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is H or halo; r2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group; r9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula IB-17 above, wherein X is S; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is H or halo; r2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group; r9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula IB-17 above, wherein X is O; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is H or halo; r2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group; r9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula IB-25 above wherein X is S; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is H or halo; r2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group; r 9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula IB-25 above, wherein X is O; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is H or halo; r2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group; r9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula IB-49 above, wherein X is S; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is H or halo; r2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group; r9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula (I) B-49 above, wherein X is O; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r 3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is H or halo; r2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group; r9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the invention provides compounds of formula (IC) wherein the variable R1，R2，R4，R5W and X are as defined above for formula (I); r9And m is as defined above for formula IB; o is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; and Y1，Y2And Y3As shown in table 3:

TABLE 3

Formula (II) Y1 Y2 Y3
IC-1 CR4 CR4 CR4
IC-2 N CR4 CR4
IC-3 CR4 N CR4
IC-4 CR4 CR4 N
IC-5 N N CR4
IC-6 CR4 N N
IC-7 N CR4 N

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IC-1 to IC-7 wherein X is S.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IC-1 to IC-7 wherein X is O.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IC-1 to IC-7 wherein each R4Independently of one another is H, halo, C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4-haloalkyl radical, C1-C4-alkoxy radical, C1-C4Haloalkoxy or S (O)p(C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-haloalkyl).

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IC-1 to IC-7 wherein each R4Independently H, chloro, fluoro, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IC-1 to IC-7 wherein each R4Independently of each other is H, CF3，-CH2CF3，-CHFCF3，-CF2CF3。

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IC-1 to IC-7 wherein each R4Independently H, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy or butoxy.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IC-1 to IC-7 wherein each R4Independently is H, -OCF3or-SCF3。

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IC-1 to IC-7 wherein each R5Independently of one another is halo, C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4-haloalkyl radical, C1-C4-alkoxy radical, C1-C4Haloalkoxy or S (O)p(C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-haloalkyl); and o is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IC-1 to IC-7 wherein each R5Independently is chloro, fluoro, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl or tert-butyl; and o is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IC-1 to IC-7 wherein each R5Independently is CF3，-CH2CF3，-CHFCF3or-CF2CF3(ii) a And o is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IC-1 to IC-7 wherein each R5Independently methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy or butoxy; and o is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae IC-1 to IC-7 wherein each R5Independently is-OCF3or-SCF3(ii) a And o is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the invention provides compounds of formulae IC-1 through IC-7, wherein R2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group.

In other embodiments, the invention provides compounds of formulae IC-1 to IC-7 wherein R1Is C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkyl, hydroxy-C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-alkoxy-C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkoxy-C1-C6Alkyl, amino-C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-alkoxy radical, C1-C6-haloalkoxy, C2-C6-alkenyl, C2-C6-haloalkenyl, optionally substituted C3-C8-cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 3-to 7-membered heterocyclyl, or-NRaRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently is H or optionally substituted C1-C6-an alkyl group; or RaAnd RbMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-membered heterocyclic group, which may include 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and may be optionally substituted.

In other embodiments, the invention provides compounds of formulae IC-1 to IC-7 wherein R3Is C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkyl, optionally substituted C3-C8-cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 3-to 7-membered heterocyclyl containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S; optionally substituted phenyl, optionally substituted 5-to 10-membered heteroaryl, 5-to 11-membered spirocyclic heterocyclyl-carbocyclyl, 5-to 11-membered spirocyclic heterocyclyl-heterocyclyl, 5-to 11-membered spirocyclic carbocyclyl-carbocyclyl, 5-to 11-membered spirocyclic carbocyclyl-heterocyclyl, or-NR aRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently of each other is H, C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6-a haloalkyl group; or RaAnd RbMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-membered heterocyclic group, which may include 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and may be optionally substituted.

In other embodiments, the invention provides compounds of formulae IC-1 to IC-7 wherein R9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy, or haloalkoxy, and m is 0, 1, 2, or 3.

In other embodiments, the invention provides compounds of formulae IC-1 to IC-7 wherein R9Independently is halo and m is 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the invention provides compounds of formulae IC-1 to IC-7 wherein R9Independently fluorine or chlorine and m is 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the invention provides compounds of formulae IC-1 through IC-7 wherein X is S, R9Independently is halo and m is 1, 2 or 3, and R2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group.

In other embodiments, the invention provides compounds of formulae IC-1 through IC-7 wherein X is S, R9Independently of chlorineOr fluorine and m is 1, 2 or 3, and R2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula IC-1 above, wherein R is 9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy, and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula IC-2 above, wherein R is9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy, and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula IC-3 above, wherein R is9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy, and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula IC-7 above, wherein R is9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy, and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula IC-1 above, wherein X is S; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is halo and o is 0, 1 or 2; r2Is H or C 1-C3-an alkyl group; r9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula IC-1 above, wherein X is O; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is halo and o is 0, 1 or 2; r2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group; r9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula IC-2 above, wherein X is S; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is halo and o is 0, 1 or 2; r2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group; r9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of the above formula IC-2, wherein X is O; r 1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; r5Is halo and o is 0, 1 or 2; r2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group; r9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula IC-3 above, wherein X is S; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is halo and o is 0, 1 or 2; r2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group; r9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of the above formula IC-3, wherein X is O; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 haloA phenyl group; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is halo and o is 0, 1 or 2; r2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group; r9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula IC-7 above, wherein X is S; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is halo and o is 0, 1 or 2; r2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group; r9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of the above formula IC-7, wherein X is O; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is halo and o is 0, 1 or 2; r2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group; r9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the invention provides compounds of formula (ID) wherein the variable R1，R2，R4，R5，R10X, W, Z and a are as defined above for formula (I); r9And m is as defined above for formula IB; b is 0 or 1; dotted line keyIs a single or double bond; d is N, C or C-R4；D1Is N, O, -CR4R5，S(O)pWherein p is 0, 1 or 2, or D 1Is CR4R5Wherein R is4And R5Together form a 2-to 5-membered chain optionally having 1 catenated heteroatom thereby forming a spiro group; and Y1，Y2，Y3，Y2’，Y3’，Y4’And Y5’As shown in table 4:

TABLE 4

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 to ID-56 wherein X is S.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 to ID-56 wherein X is O.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 to ID-56 wherein the dashed bond is a single bond.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 to ID-56 wherein the dotted bond is a double bond.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 to ID-56 wherein D is CH, C-halo or N.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 to ID-56 wherein D is C, CH, C-F, or N.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 to ID-56, wherein D1Is CR4R5Wherein R is4And R5Together form a 2-to 5-membered chain optionally having 1 catenated heteroatom thereby forming a spiro group.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 to ID-56 wherein D1Is CH2Independently C- (halo)2，CH(C1-C3Alkyl) or CH (C)1-C3-haloalkyl).

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 to ID-56 wherein D 1Is CH2Independently CF2，CH(CH3) Or CH (CF)3)。

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 to ID-56 wherein D1Is O, S (O) or S (O)2。

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 through ID-56 wherein D is CH or C-halo; and D1Is CH2。

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 to ID-56 wherein D is N; and D1Is CH2O or S.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 to ID-56 wherein the dashed line is a double bond; d is C; and D1Is CH2，CF2O or S.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 to ID-56 wherein D is N; and D1Is CR4R5Wherein R is4And R5Together form a 2-to 4-membered chain optionally having 1 catenary oxygen to form a spiro group.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 through ID-56 wherein D is CH; and D1Is CR4R5Wherein R is4And R5Together form a 2-to 4-membered chain optionally having 1 catenary oxygen to form a spiro group.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 to ID-56 wherein D is C and the dashed bond represents a double bond; and D1Is CR4R5Wherein R is4And R5Together form a 2-to 4-membered chain optionally having 1 catenary oxygen to form a spiro group.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 to ID-56 wherein R4Independently of one another is H, halo, C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4Alkyl halidesBase, C1-C4-alkoxy radical, C1-C4Haloalkoxy or S (O)p(C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-haloalkyl).

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 to ID-56 wherein R4Independently H, chloro, fluoro, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 to ID-56 wherein R4Independently of each other is H, CF3，-CH2CF3，-CHFCF3，-CF2CF3。

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 to ID-56 wherein R4Independently H, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy or butoxy.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 to ID-56 wherein R4Independently is H, -OCF3or-SCF3。

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 to ID-56 wherein R5Independently of one another is H, halo, C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4-haloalkyl radical, C1-C4-alkoxy radical, C1-C4Haloalkoxy or S (O)p(C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-haloalkyl).

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 to ID-56 wherein R5Independently H, chloro, fluoro, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 to ID-56 wherein R5Independently of each other is H, CF3，-CH2CF3，-CHFCF3，-CF2CF3。

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 to ID-56 wherein R5Independently isH, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy or butoxy.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 to ID-56 wherein R5Independently is H, -OCF3or-SCF3。

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 through ID-56, wherein R2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group.

In other embodiments, the invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 through ID-56 wherein R1Is C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkyl, hydroxy-C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-alkoxy-C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-haloalkoxy-C1-C6Alkyl, amino-C1-C6-alkyl radical, C1-C6-alkoxy radical, C1-C6-haloalkoxy, C2-C6-alkenyl, C2-C6-haloalkenyl, optionally substituted C3-C8-cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 3-to 7-membered heterocyclyl, or-NRaRbWherein R isaAnd RbIndependently is H or optionally substituted C1-C6-an alkyl group; or RaAnd RbMay form, with the nitrogen to which they are attached, a 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-membered heterocyclic group, which may include 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and may be optionally substituted.

In other embodiments, the invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 through ID-56 wherein R 9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy, or haloalkoxy, m is 0, 1, 2, or 3, and b is 0 or 1.

In other embodiments, the invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 through ID-56 wherein R9Independently is halo and m is 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 through ID-56 wherein R9Independently fluorine or chlorine and m is 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 through ID-56 wherein X is S, R9Independently is halo and m is 1, 2 or 3, and R2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group.

In other embodiments, the invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 through ID-56 wherein X is S, R9Independently is chlorine or fluorine and m is 1, 2 or 3, and R2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group.

In other embodiments, the invention provides compounds of formulae ID-1 through ID-56 wherein X is S, R9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy; d is N or CH; d1Is NH, O or CH2(ii) a b is 0 or 1; and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula ID-1 above, wherein X is S; r1Is optionally substituted C 1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is H or halo; r2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group; r9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula ID-1 above, wherein X is O; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is H or halo; r2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group; r9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula ID-9 above, wherein X is S; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is H or halo; r2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group; r9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula ID-9 above, wherein X is O; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is H or halo; r2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group; r9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula ID-17 above, wherein X is S; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is H or halo; r2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group; r9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula ID-17 above, wherein X is O; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is H or halo; r2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group; r 9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula ID-25 aboveWherein X is S; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is H or halo; r2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group; r9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula ID-25 above, wherein X is O; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is H or halo; r2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group; r9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula ID-49 above, wherein X is S; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r 3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is H or halo; r2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group; r9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

In other embodiments, the present invention provides compounds of formula ID-49 above, wherein X is O; r1Is optionally substituted C1-C3-an alkyl group; r3Is phenyl optionally independently substituted with 1 to 3 halo; each R4Independently is H or halo; each R5Independently is H or halo; r2Is H or C1-C3-an alkyl group; r9Independently is halo, cyano, nitro, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3。

In any of the embodiments of Table 1, 2 or 4 above, Y2’，Y3’，Y4’，Y5’Each is CH.

In any of the embodiments of Table 1, 2 or 4 above, Y2’，Y3’，Y4’And Y5’One is CR5Wherein R is5Is a non-hydrogen substituent.

In any of the embodiments of Table 1, 2 or 4 above, Y2’，Y3’，Y4’And Y5’Two of (1) are CR5Wherein each R5Independently a non-hydrogen substituent.

In any of the embodiments of Table 1, 2 or 4 above, Y2’，Y3’，Y4’And Y5’Three of (B) are CR5Wherein each R 5Independently a non-hydrogen substituent.

In any of the embodiments of Table 1, 2 or 4 above, Y2’，Y3’，Y4’And Y5’All four of which are CR5Wherein each R5Independently a non-hydrogen substituent.

In any of the embodiments of tables 1 to 4 above, Y1，Y2And Y3Each is CH.

In any of the embodiments of tables 1 to 4 above, Y1，Y2And Y3One is CR4Wherein R is4Is a non-hydrogen substituent.

In any of the embodiments of tables 1 to 4 above, Y1，Y2And Y3Two of (1) are CR4Wherein each R4Independently a non-hydrogen substituent.

In any of the embodiments of tables 1 to 4 above, Y1，Y2And Y3Three of (B) are CR4Wherein each R4Independently a non-hydrogen substituent.

In any of the embodiments of Table 1, 2 or 4 above, Y2’，Y3’，Y4’And Y5’One is thatC-halogen.

In any of the embodiments of Table 1, 2 or 4 above, Y2’，Y3’，Y4’And Y5’Two of which are C-halogens.

In any of the embodiments of Table 1, 2 or 4 above, Y2’，Y3’，Y4’And Y5’Three of which are C-halogens.

In any of the embodiments of tables 1 to 4 above, Y1，Y2And Y3One is C-halogen.

In any of the embodiments of tables 1 to 4 above, Y1，Y2And Y3Two of which are C-halogens.

In any of the embodiments of tables 1 to 4 above, Y1，Y2And Y3Three of which are C-halogens.

In any of the embodiments of Table 1, 2 or 4 above, Y2’，Y3’，Y4’And Y5’One is C-Cl or C-F.

In any of the embodiments of Table 1, 2 or 4 above, Y2’，Y3’，Y4’And Y5’Are independently C-Cl or C-F.

In any of the embodiments of Table 1, 2 or 4 above, Y2’，Y3’，Y4’And Y5’Three of (a) are independently C-Cl or C-F.

In any of the embodiments of tables 1 to 4 above, Y1，Y2And Y3One is C-Cl or C-F.

In any of the embodiments of tables 1 to 4 above, Y1，Y2And Y3Are independently C-Cl or C-F.

In any of the embodiments of tables 1 to 4 above, Y1，Y2And Y3Three of (a) are independently C-Cl or C-F.

In any of the embodiments of Table 1, 2 or 4 above, a is 1 and W is-CH2-, and Z is O.

In any of the embodiments of tables 1-4 above, R1Is C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4Alkenyl radical, C1-C4-cycloalkyl, amino, C1-C4-alkylamino, di (C)1-C4-alkyl) amino, morpholino, pyranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or dihydropyranyl.

In any of the embodiments of tables 1 to 4 above, 1, 2 or 3R4Is hydrogen.

In any of the embodiments of tables 1 to 4 above, one R4Independently of other R4Is halogen, cyano, C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4Haloalkyl, C1-C4-cycloalkyl, amino, C 1-C4-alkylamino, di (C)1-C4-alkyl) amino, or optionally halogenated or C1-C4Phenyl substituted 1 or 2 times by alkyl.

In any of the embodiments of tables 1 to 4 above, one R5Independently of other R5Is halogen, cyano, C1-C4-alkyl radical, C1-C4Haloalkyl, C1-C4-cycloalkyl, amino, C1-C4-alkylamino, di (C)1-C4-alkyl) amino, or optionally halogenated or C1-C4Phenyl substituted 1 or 2 times by alkyl.

In other embodiments, the invention includes compounds of formula (I) shown in table 5 below, wherein Y1, Y2, Y3, L, X, R1 and R3 are as shown in the table; r2And R2’Are all hydrogen; q is oxygen; and the group:

abbreviated in the table as "ring system" and represents the following groups:

ring system a;

ring system B;

a ring system C;

ring system D;

ring system E;

a ring system F;

ring system G;

ring system H;

ring system I; and

ring system K.

In Table 5, the expression "3, 5-di-F-Ph" represents 3, 5-difluorophenyl; "3, 5-di-Cl-Ph" represents 3, 5-dichlorophenyl; "2, 3, 5-tri-F-Ph" represents 2,3, 5-trifluorophenyl; "3-F-Ph" represents 3-fluorophenyl; "2, 6-di-F-Ph" represents 2, 6-difluorophenyl; "2, 3-di-Cl-Ph" represents 2, 3-dichlorophenyl; "2, 3, 6-tri-F-Ph" represents 2,3, 6-trifluorophenyl; "4-F-2, 6-bis-Me-Ph" represents 4-fluoro-2, 6-dimethylphenyl; "2-Cl-6-F-Ph" represents 2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl; "3-Cl-5- (3, 5-di-Cl-Ph) -Ph represents 3-chloro-5- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) phenyl; and the like;

Prop-1-en-2-yl represents the radical

2-OH-prop-2-yl represents a radicalAnd

2-F-propan-2-yl represents a radical

TABLE 5

For the avoidance of doubt, each of the compounds shown in table 5 has been prepared and tested.

Stereoisomers and polymorphic forms

One skilled in the art will recognize that the compounds may exist and be isolated in optically active and racemic forms. Compounds having one or more chiral centers (including at the sulfur atom) may exist as individual enantiomers or diastereomers or as mixtures of enantiomers and/or diastereomers. For example, it is well known in the art that sulfoxide compounds may be optically active and may exist as single enantiomers or racemic mixtures. Furthermore, the compounds of the present description may include one or more chiral centers that give rise to a theoretical number of optically active isomers. In the present case, the compounds of the formula (I) comprise at least one chiral center, i.e.carry the variable R10Carbon atom (b) of (a). In the case where the compound of the present specification includes n chiral centers, the compound may contain up to 2nAnd (c) an optical isomer. Thus, the compounds of the invention include at least 2 enantiomers encompassed by the invention. The present specification encompasses specific enantiomers or diastereomers of each compound as well as mixtures of different enantiomers and/or diastereomers of the compounds, which have useful properties as described herein. The optically active form can be prepared by: for example, the racemic form is resolved by selective crystallization techniques, by synthesis from optically active precursors, by chiral synthesis, by chromatographic separation with a chiral stationary phase, or by enzymatic resolution.

The compounds may also exist in different solid forms such as different crystalline or amorphous solid forms. The present specification includes different crystalline forms as well as amorphous forms of the compounds.

In addition, the compounds may exist as hydrates or solvates, wherein a stoichiometric amount of water or solvent is associated with the molecule in the crystalline form. Hydrates and solvates of the compounds are also subject matter of the present description.

Salt (salt)

In addition to the neutral compounds, the salt forms of the compounds are also active against endoparasites. The term "veterinarily acceptable salt" describes throughout the specification any salt of a compound that is acceptable for administration in veterinary applications and that provides the active compound when administered.

Where the compound is sufficiently basic or acidic to form a stable non-toxic acid or base salt, the compound may be in the form of a veterinarily or agriculturally acceptable salt. Veterinarily acceptable salts include those derived from veterinarily or agriculturally acceptable inorganic bases and acids or organic bases and acids. Suitable salts include those comprising alkali metals such as lithium, sodium or potassium, alkaline earth metals such as calcium, magnesium and barium. Also suitable are salts containing transition metals including, but not limited to, manganese, copper, zinc, and iron. Furthermore, the present specification encompasses inclusion of an ammonium cation (NH) 4 +) And salts of substituted ammonium cations in which one or more of the hydrogen atoms is replaced with an alkyl or aryl group.

Particularly suitable are salts derived from inorganic acids including, but not limited to, hydrogen halide acids (HCl, HBr, HF, HI), sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and the like. Suitable inorganic salts also include, but are not limited to, bicarbonates and carbonates. In certain embodiments, examples of veterinarily and agriculturally acceptable salts are organic acid addition salts formed with organic acids, including, but not limited to, maleate, dimaleate, fumarate, tosylate, mesylate, acetate, citrate, malonate, tartrate, succinate, benzoic acid, ascorbate, α -ketoglutarate, and α -glycerophosphate. Of course, other acceptable organic acids may be used.

Alkali metal (e.g., sodium, potassium or lithium) or alkaline earth metal (e.g., calcium) salts of the compounds can also be prepared by: the sufficiently acidic residue on the compound is reacted with an alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxide.

Veterinarily acceptable salts may be obtained using standard procedures well known in the art, for example by reacting a sufficiently basic compound such as an amine with a suitable acid functionality present in the compound, or by reacting a suitable acid with a suitable basic functionality on a compound of the present specification.

Process for preparing compounds

A compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically or veterinarily acceptable salt thereof may be prepared as follows: the procedure in one of schemes 1 to 4 or schemes 5 to 12 below and in the examples was employed:

scheme 1

Scheme 2

Scheme 3

Scheme 4

One of ordinary skill in the art is fully able to adapt these schemes to synthesize particular compounds of the invention. Furthermore, the starting materials are readily available or can be prepared via known methods.

Veterinary composition

The compounds and compositions comprising the compounds are useful for preventing and treating parasitic infestations/infections in animals. The compositions of the present specification comprise an effective amount of a compound, or a veterinarily acceptable salt thereof, in combination with a veterinarily acceptable carrier or diluent and optionally an inactive excipient. The compositions can be in various solid and liquid forms suitable for administration or administration to animals. For example, veterinary compositions comprising the compounds can be present in formulations suitable for oral administration, injectable administration, including subcutaneous and parenteral administration, and topical administration (e.g., painting or pouring), dermal or subcutaneous administration. The compositions are desirably administered to animals including, but not limited to, mammals, birds, and fish. Examples of mammals include, but are not limited to, humans, cattle, sheep, goats, llamas, alpacas, pigs, horses, donkeys, dogs, cats and other livestock or domestic mammals. Examples of birds include turkeys, chickens, ostriches and other livestock or domestic birds. The use of the compounds to protect companion animals such as dogs and cats from endoparasites is particularly useful.

As discussed above, the compositions of the present specification can be in a form suitable for oral use (see, e.g., U.S. patent No. 4,564,631, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety), a bait supplement, a lozenge, a troche, a chewable, a tablet, a hard or soft capsule, a pill, an emulsion, an aqueous or oily suspension, an aqueous or oily solution, an oral pour-on composition, a dispersible powder or granule, a premix, a syrup or elixir, an enteric coated composition or a paste. Compositions intended for oral use may be prepared according to any method known to the art for the manufacture of pharmaceutical compositions and such compositions may contain one or more sweetening agents, bittering agents, flavoring agents, coloring agents and preserving agents in order to provide pharmaceutically elegant and palatable preparations.

Tablets may contain the active ingredient in admixture with non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable excipients which are suitable for the manufacture of tablets. These excipients may be, for example, inert diluents such as calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate, lactose, calcium phosphate or sodium phosphate; granulating and disintegrating agents, for example, corn starch or alginic acid; binding agents, for example starch, gelatin or acacia, and lubricating agents, for example magnesium stearate, stearic acid or talc. Tablets may be uncoated or they may be coated by known techniques to delay disintegration and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract and thereby provide a sustained action over a longer period. For example, a time delay material such as glyceryl monostearate or glyceryl distearate may be employed. They may also be produced by the methods described in U.S. patent nos. 4,256,108; 4,166,452; and 4,265,874 (all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety) to form osmotic therapeutic tablets for controlled release.

Oral compositions include hard gelatin capsules wherein the active ingredient is mixed with an inert solid diluent, for example, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate or kaolin. Capsules may also be soft gelatin capsules wherein the active ingredient is mixed with water or a water-miscible solvent such as propylene glycol, the various PEGs and alcohols, or an oil medium such as peanut oil, liquid paraffin or olive oil.

In one embodiment, the compounds may be administered in chewable tablet compositions or soft chewable compositions, such as those described in US 2013/0203692 a1, US 2010/0087492, US 2006/0222684, US 2004/0151759, US 7955632, all incorporated herein by reference. The veterinary composition may be in the form of a soft chewable composition ("soft chew") that is palatable and acceptable to the animal. In addition to the active ingredients, the soft chews of the present disclosure may include one or more of the following components: a solvent or solvent mixture, one or more fillers, one or more binders, one or more surfactants, one or more humectants, one or more lubricants, one or more disintegrants, one or more colorants, one or more antimicrobial agents, one or more antioxidants, one or more pH adjusters, and one or more flavoring agents.

Solvents that may be used in the compositions of the present disclosure include, but are not limited to, various grades of liquid polyethylene glycol (PEG) including PEG 200, PEG 300, PEG 400, and PEG 540; propylene carbonate; propylene glycol; triglycerides include, but are not limited to, caprylic/capric triglyceride, caprylic/capric/linoleic triglyceride (e.g.810 and 812 caprylic/capric/succinic triglyceride, propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprylateDecanoate esters and the like; water, sorbitol solutions, glyceryl caprylate/caprate and polyglycolyzed glycerides (e.g. glycerol caprylate/caprate)) Or a combination thereof.

Various fillers known in the art may be used in the soft chewable compositions of the present description. Fillers include, but are not limited to, corn starch, pregelatinized corn starch, soy protein flour, corn cobs, corn gluten meal, and the like. In certain embodiments, a combination of two or more fillers may be used in the composition.

Binders that may be used in the compositions of the present disclosure include, but are not limited to, polyvinylpyrrolidone (e.g., povidone), cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone (crospovidone), various grades of polyethylene glycol including PEG 3350, PEG 4000, PEG 6000, PEG 8000, and even PEG 20,000, and the like; copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone and vinyl acetate (e.g. copovidone) such as BASF under the trade name Products sold by VA 64, etc.; starches such as potato starch, tapioca starch or corn starch; molasses, corn syrup, honey, maple syrup and various types of sugars; or a combination of two or more binders.

Humectants that can be used in the composition include, but are not limited to, glycerin (also referred to herein as glycerin), propylene glycol, cetyl alcohol, and glycerol monostearate, and the like. Various grades of polyethylene glycol may also be used as humectants.

Surfactants may be present in the compositions to improve their solubility and absorption upon ingestion. The surfactant is typically present at a concentration of about 1 to 10% (w/w), more typically about 1 to about 5% (w/w). Examples of surfactants that may be used in the composition include, but are not limited to, glyceryl monooleate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, sorbitan esters including sorbitan monooleate (f: (f))20) Polyvinyl alcohols, polysorbates including polysorbate 20 and polysorbate 80, d-alpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS), sodium lauryl sulfate, copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide (e.g. poloxamers such as poloxamersF87, etc.), the polyethylene glycol castor oil derivatives include polyethylene glycol 35 castor oil (C: (C) EL), polyethylene glycol 40 hydrogenated castor oil (RH 40), polyethylene glycol 60 hydrogenated castor oil (C) (RH 40)RH 60); propylene glycol monolaurateGlycerides include glyceryl caprylate/caprate: (MCM), polyglycolyzed glyceridesPEG 300 caprylic/capric glycerides ((R))767) PEG 400 caprylic/capric glyceridesPEG 300 glyceryl oleate (M-1944CS), PEG 300 glyceryl linoleate ((S)M-2125 CS); polyethylene glycol stearates and polyethylene glycol hydroxystearates include polyethylene glycol 8 stearate (PEG 400 monostearate), polyethylene glycol 40 stearate (PEG1750 monostearate), and the like.

The composition may contain other inert ingredients such as antioxidants, preservatives, or pH stabilizers. These compounds are well known in the composition art. Antioxidants may be added to the compositions of the present disclosure to inhibit degradation of the active agent. Suitable antioxidants include, but are not limited to, alpha tocopherol, ascorbic acid, ascorbyl palmitate, fumaric acid, malic acid, sodium ascorbate, sodium metabisulfate, n-propyl gallate, BHA (butylated hydroxyanisole), BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene) monothioglycerol, and the like.

The compositions of the present disclosure may also include one or more lubricants and/or processing aids. In some cases the lubricant/processing aid may also act as a solvent, and thus certain components of the composition of the present invention may have dual functions. Lubricants/processing aids include, but are not limited to, polyethylene glycols of various molecular weight ranges including PEG 3350(Dow Chemical) and PEG 4000, corn oil, mineral oil, hydrogenated vegetable oil (STEROTEX or LUBRITAB), peanut oil and/or castor oil.

A number of flavoring agents may be used in the compositions of the present disclosure to improve the palatability of oral veterinary compositions. Preferred flavoring agents are those not derived from animal sources. In various embodiments, flavoring components derived from fruits, meats (including but not limited to pork, beef, chicken, fish, poultry, etc.), vegetables, cheese, bacon, cheese-bacon, and/or artificial flavors may be used. The flavoring component is generally selected based on considerations related to the organism ingesting the soft chew. For example, horses may prefer an apple flavor component, while dogs may prefer a meat flavor component. Although flavoring components derived from non-animal sources are preferred, in certain embodiments natural flavors such as simmered beef flavors, artificially powdered beef flavors, roast beef flavors, marinated beef flavors, and the like, containing beef or liver extracts and the like may be used.

In yet another embodiment of the present specification, the active composition may be administered via pour-on, and may be administered topically or orally. Pour-on compositions are those wherein the liquid-containing compositions of the present specification are administered to the mouth or throat of an animal, or poured onto the skin or fur of an animal.

The compositions of the present disclosure may also be in the form of oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsions. The oily phase may be a vegetable oil, for example olive oil or arachis oil, or a mineral oil, for example liquid paraffin or mixtures of these. Suitable emulsifying agents include naturally-occurring phosphatides, for example, soya bean lecithin, and esters or partial esters derived from fatty acids and hexitol anhydrides, for example sorbitan monooleate, and condensation products of the said partial esters with ethylene oxide, for example polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate. The emulsion may also contain sweetening agents, bittering agents, flavoring agents, and/or preservatives.

In one embodiment, the compositions of the present disclosure may be in the form of a microemulsion. Microemulsions are well suited for use as liquid carrier vehicles. Microemulsions are quaternary systems comprising a water phase, an oil phase, a surfactant, and a co-surfactant. They are translucent and isotropic liquids.

Microemulsions are composed as follows: a stable dispersion of droplets of an aqueous phase in an oil phase, or conversely a stable dispersion of droplets of an oil phase in an aqueous phase. The size of these droplets may be less than 200nm (1000 to 100,000nm for emulsions). The interfacial film may be composed of alternating Surface Active (SA) and Co-surface active (Co-SA) molecules, which allow spontaneous formation of microemulsions by lowering the interfacial tension.

In one embodiment of the oil phase, the oil phase can be formed from mineral or vegetable oils, from unsaturated polyglycosylated glycerides or from triglycerides, or alternatively from mixtures of said compounds. In one embodiment of the oil phase, the oil phase may comprise triglycerides; in yet another embodiment of the oil phase, the triglyceride is a medium chain triglyceride, such as C8-C10Caprylic/capric triglyceride. In yet another embodiment, the oil phase may comprise from about 2 to about 15% of the microemulsion; about 7 toAbout 10%; and a% v/v range of about 8 to about 9% v/v.

The aqueous phase may comprise, for example, water or glycol derivatives, such as propylene glycol, glycol ethers, polyethylene glycols or glycerol. In one embodiment, the glycol may be propylene glycol, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether, or a mixture thereof. Typically, the aqueous phase will be present in the microemulsion in a proportion of about 1 to about 4% v/v.

Surfactants for microemulsions may include diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, pegylated C8-C10Glycerol ester or polyglycerol-6 dioleate. In addition to these surfactants, co-surfactants may also include short chain alcohols such as ethanol and propanol.

Certain compounds are common to the three components discussed above, namely the aqueous phase, the surfactant and the co-surfactant. However, the level of skill of the practitioner is sufficient to use different compounds well for each component of the same composition. In one embodiment of the amount of surfactant/co-surfactant, the ratio of co-surfactant to surfactant is from about 1/7 to about 1/2. In yet another embodiment of the amount of co-surfactant, from about 25 to about 75% v/v of the surfactant and from about 10 to about 55% v/v of the co-surfactant are present in the microemulsion.

The oily suspensions may be formulated as follows: the active ingredient is suspended in a vegetable oil, for example arachis oil, olive oil, sesame oil or coconut oil, or in a mineral oil such as liquid paraffin. The oily suspensions may contain a thickening agent, for example beeswax, hard paraffin or cetyl alcohol. Sweetening agents such as sucrose, saccharin or aspartame, bitterants, and flavoring agents can be added to provide a palatable oral preparation. These compositions may be preserved by the addition of antioxidants such as vitamin C or other known preservatives.

Aqueous suspensions may contain the active materials in admixture with excipients suitable for the manufacture of aqueous suspensions. Such excipients include suspending agents, for example, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxy-propylmethylcellulose, sodium alginate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, gum tragacanth and gum acacia; dispersing or wetting agents include naturally occurring phosphatides, for example lecithin, or condensation products of an alkylene oxide with fatty acids, for example polyoxyethylene stearate, or condensation products of ethylene oxide with long chain aliphatic alcohols, for example heptadecaethyleneoxycetanol, or condensation products of ethylene oxide with partial esters derived from fatty acids and a hexitol such as polyoxyethylene sorbitol monooleate, or condensation products of ethylene oxide with partial esters derived from fatty acids and hexitol anhydrides, for example polyethylene sorbitan monooleate. The aqueous suspensions may also contain one or more preservatives, for example ethyl, or n-propyl, p-hydroxybenzoate, one or more coloring agents, one or more flavoring agents, and one or more sweetening and/or bittering agents, such as those described above.

Dispersible powders and granules suitable for preparation of an aqueous suspension by the addition of water may provide the active ingredient in admixture with a dispersing or wetting agent, suspending agent and one or more preservatives. Suitable dispersing or wetting agents and suspending agents are, for example, those already mentioned above. Additional excipients, for example sweetening, bittering, flavoring and coloring agents, may also be present.

Syrups and elixirs may be formulated with sweetening agents, for example glycerol, propylene glycol, sorbitol or sucrose. The compositions may also contain a demulcent, a preservative, a flavoring and/or a coloring agent.

In yet another embodiment of the present description, the composition may be in the form of a paste. Examples of paste form embodiments include, but are not limited to, those described in U.S. patent nos. 6,787,342 and 7,001,889 (each of which is incorporated herein by reference). In addition to the compounds of the present specification, the paste may further contain fumed silica; a viscosity modifier; a carrier; optionally, an absorbent; and optionally, a colorant, stabilizer, surfactant, or preservative.

In one embodiment of the composition, the composition may be a paste comprising a compound of the present disclosure, fumed silica, a viscosity modifier, an absorbent, a colorant; and a hydrophilic carrier which is glyceryl triacetate, monoglyceride, diglyceride, or triglyceride.

The paste may also include a viscosity modifier. Suitable viscosity modifiers include, but are not limited to, polyethylene glycol (PEG) including, but not limited to, PEG 200, PEG 300, PEG 400, PEG 600; monoethanolamine, triethanolamine, glycerol, propylene glycol, polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (polysorbate 80 or tween 80), or a poloxamer (e.g., pluronic L81); absorbents such as magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, starch, and cellulose and its derivatives; and colorants include, but are not limited to, titanium dioxide, iron oxide, or FD & C blue #1 aluminum colorant.

In certain embodiments, the compositions may be in the form of a sterile injectable aqueous or oleaginous suspension. This suspension may be formulated according to the known art with those suitable dispersing or wetting agents and suspending agents which have been mentioned above. The sterile injectable preparation may also be a sterile injectable solution or suspension in a non-toxic parenterally-acceptable diluent or solvent, for example as a solution in 1, 3-butanediol. Among the acceptable vehicles and solvents that can be used, mention may be made in particular of water, ringer's solution and isotonic sodium chloride solution. Cosolvents such as ethanol, propylene glycol, glycerol formal or polyethylene glycol may also be used. Preservatives such as phenol or benzyl alcohol may be used.

In addition, sterile, fixed oils may be conventionally employed as a solvent or suspending medium. For this purpose, any bland fixed oil may be employed including synthetic mono-or diglycerides. In addition, fatty acids such as oleic acid find use in the preparation of injectables.

Topical, dermal and subcutaneous compositions may include, as non-limiting examples, emulsions, creams, ointments, gels, pastes, powders, shampoos, pour-on compositions, ready-to-use compositions, spreading solutions and suspensions, drops and sprays. Topical application of the compounds of the invention or a composition comprising at least one compound of the invention in an active agent, as a spread, spray or pour-on composition, allows the composition of the invention to be absorbed through the skin to achieve systemic levels, through the sebaceous glands or distributed over the surface of the skin, to achieve levels throughout the skin and hair. Where the compounds are distributed through the sebaceous glands, they may act as reservoirs, and in this case may have a long lasting effect (up to several months). The spreading composition is generally applied to a localized area, which refers to an area that is not the entire animal. In one embodiment, the location may be between the shoulders. In yet another embodiment, it may be a tape, such as an application tape for head to tail of an animal.

Pour-on compositions are described in U.S. patent No. 6,010,710, also incorporated herein by reference. Pour-on compositions may advantageously be oily and generally comprise a diluent or vehicle for the active ingredient, and if the active ingredient is not soluble in the diluent, a solvent (e.g. an organic solvent).

Organic solvents useful in this specification include, but are not limited to, acetyl tributyl citrate, fatty acid esters such as dimethyl adipate, diisobutyl adipate, acetone, acetonitrile, benzyl alcohol, ethanol, butyl diglycol, dimethylacetamide, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dipropylene glycol N-butyl ether, ethanol, isopropanol, methanol, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, monomethyl acetamide, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, liquid polyethylene oxide glycol, propylene glycol, 2-pyrrolidone (e.g., N-methylpyrrolidone), diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol, glyceryl triacetate, C of carboxylic acid1-C10Esters such as butyl or octyl acetate, and diethyl phthalate, or mixtures of at least two of these solvents.

The solvent is used in proportion to the active agent compound and its solubility in the solvent. Efforts should be made to achieve as small a volume as possible. Differences were made up to 100% with vehicle.

The vehicle or diluent used in the composition may include dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), glycol derivatives such as propylene glycol, glycol ethers, polyethylene glycols or glycerol. As vehicles or diluents, there may also be mentioned vegetable oils such as, but not limited to, soybean oil, peanut oil, castor oil, corn oil, cotton oil, olive oil, grape seed oil, sunflower oil, etc.; mineral oils such as, but not limited to, petrolatum, paraffin, silicone, and the like; aliphatic or cyclic hydrocarbons or alternatively medium chain (such as C8 to C12) triglycerides, for example.

In yet another embodiment of the present description, a softening agent and/or a spreading and/or film forming agent may be added. In one embodiment, the softening and/or spreading and/or film forming agent may be:

(a) polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, copolymers of vinyl acetate and vinyl pyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol, benzyl alcohol, mannitol, glycerol, sorbitol, polyoxyethylenated sorbitan esters; lecithin, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, silicone oils, polydiorganosiloxane oils (such as Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) oils), for example those containing silanol functions, or 45V2 oils,

(b) anionic surfactants such as basic stearate, sodium stearate, potassium stearate or ammonium stearate; calcium stearate, triethanolamine stearate; sodium abietate; salts of alkyl sulfates (e.g., sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium cetyl sulfate); sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate; fatty acids (such as those derived from coconut oil),

(c) The cationic surfactant comprises water-soluble formula N+R′R″R″′R″″,Y-Quaternary ammonium salts in which the residue R is an optionally hydroxylated hydrocarbon residue and Y-Anions that are strong acids such as halide, sulfate, and sulfonate anions; cetyl trimethylammonium bromide is among the cationic surfactants that can be used,

(d) formula N+HR 'R' amine salt, wherein residue R is an optionally hydroxylated hydrocarbon residue; octadecylamine hydrochloride is among the cationic surfactants that can be used,

(e) nonionic surfactants such as sorbitan esters, which are optionally polyoxyethylenated (e.g. polysorbate 80), polyoxyethylenated alkyl ethers; polyoxypropylated fatty alcohols such as polyoxypropylene-styrene ether; polyethylene glycol stearate, polyoxyethylenated derivatives of castor oil, polyglycerol esters, polyoxyethylenated fatty alcohols, polyoxyethylenated fatty acids, copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide,

(f) substituted lauryl compounds of amphoteric surfactants such as betaine; or

(g) Mixtures of at least two of these agents.

In one embodiment of the amount of softener, the proportion of softener used may be about 0.1 to 50% or 0.25 to 5% by volume. In yet another embodiment, the proportion of softener used may be from about 0.1% to about 30%, from about 1% to about 20%, or from about 5% to about 20% by volume.

In yet another embodiment of the present specification, the composition may be in the form of a ready-to-use solution, which is described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,395,765, which is incorporated herein by reference. In addition to the compounds of the present description, the ready-to-use solution may also contain a crystallization inhibitor and an organic solvent or a mixture of organic solvents. In certain embodiments, the water may include an organic solvent.

In various embodiments of the present description, the composition may include the crystallization inhibitor in an amount of about 1 to about 50% (w/v) or about 5 to about 40% (w/v), based on the total weight of the composition. In other embodiments, the amount of crystallization inhibitor in the compositions of the present invention may be from about 1% to about 30%, from about 5% to about 20%, from about 1% to about 15%, or from about 1% to about 10% (w/w). The type of crystallization inhibitor used in the compositions of the present invention is not limited so long as it is effective to inhibit crystallization of the active agent or no active agent from the composition. For example, in certain embodiments of the present description, the solvent or co-solvent of the composition may also act as a crystallization inhibitor if it sufficiently inhibits crystal formation over time in the context of administration of the composition.

Crystallization inhibitors useful in the present specification include, but are not limited to:

(a) Polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, copolymers of vinyl acetate and vinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol, benzyl alcohol, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, dimethylsulfoxide, 2-pyrrolidone, N-methylpyrrolidone, mannitol, glycerol, polyoxyethylated esters of sorbitol or sorbitan; lecithin or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; or acrylic acid derivatives such as acrylic or methacrylic acids or polymers or copolymers thereof, polyethylene glycol (PEG) or polyethylene glycol containing polymers such as glycofurol (glycofurol) and the like;

(b) anionic surfactants such as alkaline stearates (e.g., sodium, potassium or ammonium stearate); calcium stearate or triethanolamine stearate; sodium abietate; salts of alkyl sulfates including, but not limited to, the sodium salt of lauryl sulfate and cetyl sulfate; sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate or dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate; or fatty acids (e.g., coconut oil);

(c) cationic surfactants, e.g. water-soluble formula N+R′R″R′″R″″Y-Quaternary ammonium salts in which the R residues are identical or different, optionally hydroxylated, hydrocarbon residues and Y-Anions which are strong acids, such as halide, sulfate and sulfonate anions; cetyl trimethylammonium bromide is one of the cationic surfactants that can be used;

(d) Formula N+HR 'R' amine salt, wherein the R residues are the same or different optionally hydroxylated hydrocarbon residues; octadecylamine hydrochloride is one of the cationic surfactants that can be used;

(e) nonionic surfactants, such as optionally polyoxyethylenated esters of sorbitan, for example polysorbate 80, or polyoxyethylenated alkyl ethers; polyethylene glycol stearate, polyoxyethylenated derivatives of castor oil, polyglycerol esters, polyoxyethylenated fatty alcohols, polyoxyethylenated fatty acids or copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide;

(f) amphoteric surfactants, such as lauryl-substituted compounds of betaines;

(g) mixtures of at least two of the compounds listed in (a) to (f) above; or

(h) An organic solvent or mixture of solvents that inhibits the formation of crystalline or amorphous solids after administration of the composition.

In one embodiment of a crystallization inhibitor, a crystallization inhibitor pair will be used. Such pairs include, for example, a combination of a polymeric type film former and a surfactant. These agents will be selected from the compounds mentioned above as crystallization inhibitors.

In certain embodiments, the organic solvent may have a dielectric constant of about 10 to about 35 or about 20 to about 30. In other embodiments, the organic solvent may have a dielectric constant of about 10 to about 40 or about 20 to about 30. The level of the organic solvent or solvent mixture in the total composition is not limited and will be present in an amount sufficient to dissolve the desired component to the desired concentration. As discussed above, the organic solvent may also act as a crystallization inhibitor in the composition.

In certain embodiments, one or more of the organic solvents may have a boiling point of less than about 100 ℃ or less than about 80 ℃. In other embodiments, the organic solvent may have a boiling point of less than about 300 ℃, less than about 250 ℃, less than about 230 ℃, less than about 210 ℃, or less than about 200 ℃.

In certain embodiments where a mixture of solvents, i.e., a solvent and a co-solvent, is present, the solvent may be present in the composition in a weight/weight (W/W) ratio of about 1/50 to about 1/1. Generally, the ratio of solvents is from about 1/30 to about 1/1, from about 1/20 to about 1/1, or from about 1/15 to about 1/1, by weight. Preferably, the two solvents are present in a weight/weight ratio of about 1/15 to about 1/2. In certain embodiments, at least one of the solvents present may improve the solubility of the active agent or act as a drying promoter. In particular embodiments, at least one of the solvents may be mixed with water.

The composition may also contain an antioxidant to desirably inhibit oxidation in air, which agent may be present in a proportion of from about 0.005 to about 1% (w/v), from about 0.01 to about 0.1%, or from about 0.01 to about 0.05%.

In one embodiment of the film-forming agent, the agent is of the polymeric type, which includes, but is not limited to, grades of polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, and copolymers of vinyl acetate and vinylpyrrolidone.

In one embodiment of surfactants, the agents include, but are not limited to, those comprised of nonionic surfactants; in yet another embodiment of the surfactant, the agent is a polyoxyethylenated ester of sorbitan, and in yet another embodiment of the surfactant, the agent includes various grades of polysorbate, such as polysorbate 80.

In yet another embodiment of the present specification, the film former and surfactant can be added in similar or identical amounts within the limits of the total amount of crystallization inhibitor mentioned elsewhere.

Crystallization inhibitors inhibit crystal formation on fur and improve the maintenance of the cosmetic appearance of skin or hide; i.e. there is no tendency to stick or to have a sticky appearance despite the high concentration of active substance. Those not mentioned herein may be used as crystallization inhibitors in the present specification. In one embodiment, the effectiveness of the crystallization inhibitor can be demonstrated by an assay according to which 0.3mL of a solution comprising 10% (w/v) of an active agent and 10% (w/v) of a compound acting as a crystallization inhibitor in a suitable solvent as defined above is placed on a slide for 24 hours at 20 ℃, after which the presence of less than 10 crystals, preferably less than 0 crystals, on the slide is observed visually.

In one embodiment of the antioxidant, the agent is conventional in the art and includes, but is not limited to, butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene, ascorbic acid, sodium metabisulfite, propyl gallate, sodium thiosulfate, or a mixture of at least two compounds having antioxidant properties.

The composition adjuvants discussed above are well known to practitioners in the art and may be obtained commercially or by known techniques. These concentrated compositions are generally prepared by simply mixing the components as defined hereinbefore; advantageously, the starting point is to mix the active substance into the main solvent and then to add the other ingredients or adjuvants.

The volume of the composition administered will depend on the type of animal and the size of the animal as well as the strength of the composition and the potency of the active agent. In one embodiment, the composition may be administered to an animal in an amount of about 0.1 to about 20 ml. In other embodiments of the volume, the volume may be about 0.1 to about 10ml, about 0.1 to about 5ml, about 0.5ml to about 10ml, or about 0.3 to about 3 ml.

In yet another embodiment of the present description, administration of the spread composition according to the present description can also provide long lasting and broad spectrum efficacy in the case of solution administration to mammals or birds. The spreading composition supports topical administration of concentrated solutions, suspensions, microemulsions or emulsions for intermittent application to a site on an animal, typically between the shoulders (spreading type solution).

For a spreading composition, the carrier can be a liquid carrier vehicle as described in U.S. patent No. 6,426,333 (incorporated herein by reference), which in one embodiment of the spreading composition can comprise a solvent or solvent mixture, including, but not limited to, acetone, aliphatic alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, isopropanol, pentanol, hexanol, heptanol, octanol, nonanol, cyclopentanol, cyclohexanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and the like; aromatic alcohols such as phenol, cresol, naphthol, benzyl alcohol and the like; acetonitrile, butyldiglycol, organic amides such as dimethylacetamide, dimethylformamide, monomethylacetamide, 2-pyrrolidone, N-methylpyrrolidone, vinylpyrrolidone and the like; propylene or ethylene carbonate, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), glycol polymers or ethers thereof, such as various grades of polyethylene glycol (PEG), various grades of polypropylene glycol, dipropylene glycol n-butyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol, diethyl phthalate fatty acid esters, such as diethyl adipate or diisobutyl adipate, or mixtures of at least two of these solvents.

The liquid carrier vehicle may optionally contain crystallization inhibitors including, but not limited to, those described in (a) to (h) above, or compounds that can act as solvents and crystallization inhibitors (as defined above), or mixtures of such crystallization inhibitors.

The spreading composition may be prepared by dissolving the active ingredient in a pharmaceutically or veterinarily acceptable vehicle. Alternatively, the spreading composition can be prepared by encapsulating the active ingredient so as to leave residues of the therapeutic agent on the animal's surface. Depending on the species of host animal to be treated, the severity and type of infection and the weight of the host, these compositions will vary with the weight of the therapeutic agents in the combination.

Each dosage form may typically contain from about 0.1mg to about 5g of active agent. In other embodiments, the dosage form may contain from about 0.5mg to about 5g of active agent. In one embodiment of the dosage form, the dose may contain from about 1mg to about 500mg of active agent, typically about 25mg, about 50mg, about 100mg, about 200mg, about 300mg, about 400mg, about 500mg, about 600mg, about 800mg, or about 1000 mg.

In one embodiment of the specification, the compound of formula (I) may be present in the composition at a concentration of about 0.05 to about 50% weight/weight. In other embodiments, the compound of formula (I) may be present at a concentration of about 0.1 to about 30% (w/w). In other embodiments, the compound of formula (I) may be present at a concentration of about 0.5 to about 30% (w/w), about 1 to about 20% (w/w), or about 0.05 to about 10% (w/w). In other embodiments, the compound of formula (I) may be present at a concentration of about 10 to about 50% (w/w), about 10 to about 30% (w/w), about 10 to about 20% (w/w). In yet another embodiment, the compound of formula (I) may be present at a concentration of about 1 to 10% (w/w), or about 5 to about 15% (w/w). In yet another embodiment of the specification, the active agent may be present in the composition at a concentration of about 0.1 to about 2% w/w. In yet another embodiment of the specification, the active agent may be present in the composition at a concentration of about 0.25 to about 1.5% w/w. In yet another embodiment of the specification, the active agent may be present in the composition at a concentration of about 1% w/w.

Method of treatment

As discussed above, the compounds of formula (I) are effective against endoparasites and can be used to treat and prevent parasitic infections in animals. In one embodiment, the present specification provides a method of treating or preventing an endoparasitic infection in or on an animal (e.g., a mammal or bird), comprising administering to the animal an endoparasiticidally effective amount of a compound of formula (I), or a veterinarily acceptable salt thereof, or a composition of the specification.

In certain embodiments, the compounds of formula (I) are also effective against ectoparasites and may be used to treat and prevent ectoparasite infestations on animals. In yet another embodiment, the present specification provides a method of treating or preventing an ectoparasite infestation in or on an animal (e.g., a mammal or bird), comprising administering to the animal an ectoparasiticidally effective amount of a compound of formula (I), or a veterinarily acceptable salt thereof, or a composition of the specification.

In yet another embodiment, the present specification provides a method of treating or preventing an endoparasitic infection and an ectoparasitic infestation in and on an animal comprising administering to the animal a composition comprising an effective amount of a compound of formula (I) or a veterinarily acceptable salt thereof in combination with an effective amount of at least a second active agent.

In yet another embodiment of the present specification, there is provided a method of treating or preventing a parasitic infestation at a locus, comprising administering or applying to the locus a parasiticidally effective amount of a compound of formula (I), or a veterinarily acceptable salt thereof. With respect to healthy administration of an animal, "locus" is intended to mean a habitat, breeding ground, area, substance, or environment in which a parasite is or may be growing, and does not include the body or surface of the animal.

In yet another embodiment, the present specification provides methods and uses of the compounds for controlling pests in plants and crops or for protecting wood-containing structures.

Mammals that can be treated include, but are not limited to, humans, cats, dogs, cattle, chickens, cows, bison, deer, goats, horses, llamas, camels, pigs, sheep and yaks. In one embodiment of the present specification, a mammalian human, cat or dog is treated.

In one embodiment of the present specification, the compounds of formula (I) are found to have excellent efficacy against endoparasites, especially against macrolide actives. In one embodiment, the compounds and compositions of the present disclosure are effective for controlling Haemonchus contortus (Haemonchus contortus), Ostertagia circulans (Ostertagia circurnicinta) and Trichostrongylus hybridus (Trichostrongylus colubrica) in mammals or birds.

In yet another embodiment, the present specification provides a method of treating a parasitic infestation or infection in an animal comprising administering to an animal in need thereof an effective amount of an anthelmintic compound of the specification in combination with an effective amount of an invertebrate GABA receptor activator comprising an avermectin (avermectin) or milbemycin (milbemycin). Avermectins (avermectins) that may be used in combination with compounds of the present disclosure include, but are not limited to, avermectins, dimadectin, doramectin, emamectin, eprinomectin, ivermectin, latidectin, lepimectin, and selamectin. Milbemycins compounds that may be used in combination with the compounds of the present disclosure include, but are not limited to, milbemycin (milbemectin), milbemycin D (milbemycin D), moxidectin (moxidectin), and nemadectin (nemadectin). Also included are 5-oxo and 5-oxime derivatives of the avermectins and milbemycins.

In one embodiment, the compounds and compositions of the present specification may be used to treat or prevent endoparasitic infections with: the species tapeworm (Anaplocephala) (Anplocephala), Heterodera (Anylostomma), Heterodera (Necator), Ascaris (Ascaris), Brugia (Brugia), Heterodera (Bunostomum), Trichinella (Capilaria), Charcot nematode (Chabertia), Cooperia (Cooperia), Cyanoplophora (Cyathostomum), Cyelomyces (Cyatholus), Cytosporon (Cyathorus), Cyostyphus (Cyatholobus), Cyosthole (Cylicomycin), Cyostyphus (Cyolophorus), Pelvetia (Craterolostomum), Dictyocaulus (Dictyocaulus), Dipetiolatus (Dipetalonema), Dipterina (Dirofilaria), Trichostylum (Trichostylum), Trichostylum (Osteres), Trichostylodes (Occidum), Necator (Occidula), Nectria (Occidula), Nectria), the species of nematode (Ceratoptera) (Oxyuris), Paracia, Schistosoma (Schistosoma), Strongyloides (Strongylous), tapeworm (Taenia), Toxocara (Toxocara), Strongyloides (Strongyloides), Toxoasca (Toxascaris), Trichinella (Trichinella), Trichuris (Trichuris), Trichinella (Trichostrongylus), Triodontophorus (Trichostrongylus), Gonioides (Uncinaria), Wuchereria (Wuchereria), and combinations thereof.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present description, the compounds and compositions of the present description are used to treat or prevent infections caused by canine filariasis immitis. The compounds have been found to be highly effective against filarial worm microfilaria and L4 larvae. Thus, the compounds can be used to protect animals from developing heartworm disease by killing immature heartworms before they can develop into adult worms. In one embodiment, the compounds and compositions comprising the compounds may be used to prevent the development of heartworm disease by killing immature heartworms resistant to macrolides. In yet another embodiment the compounds and compositions of the present specification are used to treat or prevent infections caused by Dirofilaria repens or Dirofilaria hongkongensis.

In yet another embodiment of the present description, the parasite is Haemonchus contortus (haemonnchus contortus), Ostertagia circinata (Ostertagia circurnicica), Trichostrongylus delbrueckii (Trichostrongylus axeri), Trichostrongylus hybridus (Trichostrongylus colubrica), Coopieria brevicaulis (Cooperia curcetii), Microjugus pasteurianus (Nematodirus battus) and combinations thereof.

In yet another embodiment of the treatment against endoparasites and ectoparasites in combination with an ectoparasiticide, the ectoparasite is one or more insects or arachnids including those of the genera Ctenocepha (Ctenocephalides), Rhipicephalus (Rhipicephalus), Dermacentor (Dermacentor), Hemiphrix (Ixodes), Boophilus (Boophilus), Achyrium (Amblyomma), Haemaphysalis (Haemaphysalis), Hyalomma (Hyalomma), Sarcoptes (Sarcoptes), Pruritus (Psopoptes), Euglena (Otodes), Prurites (Choriophytes), Dermanyx (Hypoderma), Phthirius (Damalinia), Pediculus (Linoganthus), pediculus (Hatophus), Solenopsis (Thiophyces), lice (Trigonodes), and Trigonodes (Trigonodes).

In yet another embodiment of the treatment against ectoparasites, the ectoparasites are from the genera: ctenocephalides (Ctenocephalides), Rhipicephalus (Rhipicephalus), Dermacentor (Dermacentor), Iridax (Ixodes) and/or Boophilus (Boophilus). The ectoparasites to be treated include, but are not limited to, fleas, ticks, mites, mosquitoes, flies, lice, blowflies, and combinations thereof. Specific examples include, but are not limited to, cats and dog fleas (Ctenocephamides felis, Ctenocephamides spp.), etc., ticks (Rhipicephalus spp.), hard ticks (Ixodes spp.), leather ticks (Dermacentor spp.), acaria (Amblyomma spp.), etc., and mites (Demodex spp.), scabies (Sarcoptes spp.), euglena (Otodes spp.), etc., lice (Trichosphas spp.), chella (Trichophytes spp.), chella (Chebyella spp.), long lice (Linogluta spp.), etc.), mosquitoes (Aedes spp.), Culex (Haemophila), Haemophilus (Haemophilus spp.), etc. In yet another embodiment of the treatment against ectoparasites, the ectoparasites are fleas and/or ticks.

Additional examples of ectoparasites include, but are not limited to, the genus Boophilus (Boophilus), particularly those of the species Boophilus microplus, Boophilus achlorus and Boophilus annulatus; myiasis such as human skin flies (Dermatobia hominis) (called Berne in brazil) and cochliomia hominivorax (green flies); ovine myiasis such as Lucilia sericata (Lucilia sericata), Lucilia cuprina (Lucilia cuprina) (known as myiasis virgifera in australia, new zealand and south africa). Dipteran flies, i.e. those in which the adult insects are parasites, such as the western horn flies (Haematobia irritans); lice such as sheep jaw lice (linoganthus vitellum), and the like; and mites such as human scabies mite (Sarcoptes scabiei) and ovine pruritus mite (Psoroptes ovis). The above list is not exhaustive and it is well known in the art that other ectoparasites are harmful to animals and humans. These include, for example, migrating dipteran larvae.

In yet another embodiment of the present description, the compounds and compositions of the present description are suitable for controlling pests such as insects selected from the group consisting of: german cockroach (Blatella germanica), Heliothis virescens (Heliothis virescens), potato beetle (leptinotara decemlineata), termites tarda (Tetramorium caespitum), and combinations thereof.

Plant-parasitic nematodes include, for example, the genera Heterodera (Anguina spp.), Globodera (Aphelenchoides spp.), Beloaimus spp., Globodera spp., Allocotylchus spp., Allopalaenaria (Bursaphelenchus spp.), Heterodera (Ditylenchus dippersa), Heterodera (Globodera spp.), Helioctylenchus spp., Heterodera spp., Longidoxus spp.), Meloidogyne spp., Brevibacterium spp., similar Peroideus nematode (Rayophilus sidaceae), Spodoxuyeda (Rolenchus spp.), Trigonopsis spp., Tylenus spp., Tylophagus spp., Euterylella spp., Tylophagus spp., Tylenus spp., Eulophagus spp., Euglenopilex spp., Euglena, and Xylenchus spp

In addition, the present description can also be used to treat other pests, whether with or without other pesticidal agents added to the composition, including but not limited to the following:

(1) isopoda (Isopoda), such as the Oniscus aculeatus (Oniscus asellus), Armadillidium vulgare and Armadillidium vulgare (Porcellio scaber);

(2) the Diplopoda (Diplopoda), for example, Blaniulus guttulatus;

(3) the order of the Chilopoda (Chilopoda), such as Geophilus carpophagus and Scutigera spp;

(4) synovia (symphylla), such as white pine worm (Scutigerella immaculata);

(5) the Thysanura (Thysanura), for example, Lepisma saccharina (Lepisma saccharana);

(6) the order of the Collelmola (Collembola), such as the armed springtail (Onychiurus armatus);

(7) from the order of the Blattaria (Blattaria), for example Blatta orientalis (Blatta orientalis), Periplaneta americana (Periplaneta americana), Blatta maderae (Leucophaea maderae) and Blattella germanica (Blattaria germanica);

(8) from the order of the Hymenoptera (Hymenoptera), e.g. the genus trichogramma (Diprion spp.), the genus vespid (hopomampas spp.), the genus chaetoceros (Lasius spp.), the genus calophyllum (monarum pharaonis) and the genus Vespa (Vespa spp.);

(9) siphonaptera (Siphonaptera), such as Xenopsylla cheopis (Xenopsylla cheopis) and Ceratophyllus spp;

(10) From the order of the Anoplura (Phthiraptera), for example, the genera Sauropus (Damalinia spp.), Meristotheca (Haematopinus spp.), Pediculus (Linogathus spp.), Pediculus (Pediculus spp.), and Pediculus (Trichodectes spp.);

(11) arachnida, for example, Aleurites purpurea, Oenophytes aleyrodis (Acerus siloni), Oenophytes citrinopileatus (Aceria sheldoni), Acrophus sp, Aculophytes sp, Orientia sp, Amblymema sp, Argasp sp, Boophilus sp, Brevipalpus sp, Bryopia sp, Bryobia praetiosa (Bryobia praetisa), Primeria sp, Choridonia sp, Dermanyssus gallica, Phytophagoides sp, Eotetraphyceae sp, Euonymus sp, Oreophytes sp, Euonymus sp, Hygrophyrophus sp, Euonymus sp, tarsonemus laterosus (Polygonatum), Dermatophagoides (Psopoptes spp.), Rhipicephalus (Rhipicephalus spp.), Rhizophus (Rhizogyphus spp.), Sarcophagus (Sarcophagus spp.), Scorpion midges (Scorpio maurus, Stenotarsonemus spp.), Tarsonemus (Tarsonemus spp.), Tetranyus (Tetranychus spp.), Tetranychus (Lycopersicon esculentus) and Tetranychus (Thladus lycopersici);

(12) Bivalva, e.g., bevacea (Dreissena spp.);

(13) coleoptera (Coleoptera), for example, phaseolus vulgaris (Acanthoscelides obtectus), Rhynchosia rostrata (Adoretus spp.), Rheumatophora cyanea (Agelastica albni), Rhynchosia koshii (Agriotis spp.), Rhynchosis tuberosus (Amphimoto solsticalis), Rhynchosia furcifera (Anobium punctata), Rhynchosia astrata (Anophorbia spp.), Rhynchosia florida (Anthemis spp.), Rhynchosis pis robus (Anemata spp.), Rhynchosis Aphania pis (Anemata spp.), Rhynchosta spica spp.), Rhynchosis Cryptophora spp. Thomus (Atomala spp.), Brugus pisorum spp., Rhynchosta, Rhynchosis pisorhius pisorum spp.), Rhynchosta (Brevus spp.), Rhynchosta spica spp.), Rhynchosta (Rhynchosta spica spp.), Coleophora spicifera), Rhynchosta spica spp (Couthis spica spp.), Colorhodeloptera spica spp., Rhynchus spp., Rhynchopsis (Cothroides (Couthis), Cothroides (Cothroides spp.), Cothroides (Cothroides spp.), Cothroides spp. (Colorus spp.), Cothroides (Cothro sponus spp.), Cothroides (Cothroides spp.), Cothro spp.), Cothroides (Cothroides spp.), Cothro spos spp. (Cothroides spp.), Cothroides (Cothroides spp.), Cothro spos spp.), Cothroides spp. (Cothro. septems spp.), Cothroides (Cothroides spp.), Cothroides spp. (Cothroides spp.), Cothroides (Cothroides spp. (Cothroides spp.), Cothro. septemus spp.), Cothroides spp. (Cothroides spp.), Cothroides spp. (Cothro. septems spp.), Cothroides spp. (Cothroides spp.), Cothro spos spp. (Cothroides spp.), Cothroides (Cothro spp.), Cothroides (Cothroides spp.), Cothroides spp. (Cothroides spp.), Cothro spo spp. (Cothroides spp.) (Cothroides spp. (Cothroides (Co, the genera of vegetable predators (epiphapora spp.), Faustinum cubae, Naja nuda (Gibbium psiloides), Stephania cantoniensis (Heterophyllus aratus), Hylamorpha elegans, Dolichos domestica (Hyloropelus bajulus), Medicago sativa (Hypera potica), Rhynchophylla fusca (Hymenopterus), Rhynchophylla lubilis (Hypophthal sp.), Rhynchosia megacephala (Lachnus conyza), Rhizophora splendens (Leptotara decemlineata), Rhynchus oryzae (Lissopus oryzae), Rhynchophylla (Lissophorus oryzae), Rhynchophylla (Phyllophora), Rhizocta niponaria japonica (Phyllostachys), Rhizophylla, Rhizochytus (Phyllostachys), Rhizophora nigra, Phyllostachys nigra (P), Rhizoctonia (Phyllostachys nigra), Rhizochras japonicus (P), Rhizochythora sp), Rhizoctonia (Phyllostachys nigra), Rhizochragmas (Rhizoctonia), Rhizoctonia), Rhizoctonia (Rhizoctonia), Rhizoctonia), Rhizocs (Rhizoctonia), Rhizoctonia (Rhizoctonia), Rhizocs, Rhizoctonia), Rhizoctonia, Rhizocs (Rhizoctonia), Rhizoctonia, Rhizocs, Rhizoctonia), Rhizoctonia, Rhizocs (Rhizoctonia, Rhizocs, Rhizoctonia, Rhizocto, flea beetles (psyllids) chrysocephala, arachnids (Ptinus spp.), harmonia (ryzobius veneriformis), rhiaphora nigrescens (Rhizobius ventralis), rhiaphora graminis (rhizoperthia dominica), elephants (Sitophilus spp.), aphyllus acuminata (Sphenophorus spp.), stemphophora sp (Sternechus spp.), Symphyletes spp, Trionyx sinensis (Tenebrior molitor), Tribolium spp (Tribolium spp.), Rhamnus pis (Trogodium spp.), Rhamnus spp. (Xenoderma spp.), elephant (Tychius spp.), and Rhamnus spp. (Zonyx spp.);

(14) Diptera (Diptera), for example, the genus Aedes (Aedes spp.), the genus Anopheles spp, the genus Garden Trichophyton (Bibio hordulanunum), the genus Calliphora (Calliphora erythemophhala), the species Fugu (Ceratitis capitata), the genus Chrysomya (Chrysomyia spp.), the species Conhyromya (Cochlioma spp.), the species Fucus (Cordylobia antophila), the species Coprinus (Cordylobia antophila), the species Culex spp.), the species Flavivipula (Cuterebra spp.), the species Oleifera (Dacus oleta), the species Fucus (Dermatobia hominis), the species Drosophila (Drosophila spp.), the species Fannula (Farnella spp.), the species Hypopyrus (Osmanthus spp.), the species Spyri (Hypopyrura), the species Hypopyrus (Hypopyrus spp.), the species Musca (Hypocrea), the species Sphyriopsis (Hypocrea), grass flies (Phorbia spp.), stinging flies (Stomoxys spp.), Tabanus (Tabanus spp.), Tannia spp., European midge (Tipula paludosa), Phlebia spp.);

(15) gastropoda (Gastropoda), e.g., the athyria slug genus (Arion spp.), the amphioxea genus (biomhalaria spp.), the paulospira genus (Bulinus spp.), the ashitaba genus (deraceras spp.), the cochlear snail genus (Galba spp.), the dispirosoma genus (Lymnaea spp.), the Oncomelania genus (oncoelania spp.), the amber snail (succininea spp.);

(16) The class helminthes, for example, Ancylostoma duodenale (Ancylostoma durale), Ancylostoma cerealis, acystoma brasiliensis, Ancylostoma spp (Ancylostoma spp.), Ascaris spp (Ascaris) lubricides, Ascaris spp (Ascaris spp.), Brugia malacia malabarica (Brugia malayi), Brugia spp (brustomum spp.), rabecium spp (cabernet al), rabber spp (chartia spp.), clonorula spp.), Cooperia spp (Cooperia spp.), bismus spp.), bisexual entomoea (dichotoma spp.), dicolobium spp., dicholobium spp.), dictyocauliflora (dictyocauliflora spp.), schizophyllaria spp., hyalospora spp (sclerospora spp.), Echinococcus spp (hypospora spp.), trichotheca, Echinococcus spp.), trichothecoides (hematococcus spp.), trichotheca sepala, Echinococcus spp (heterothecoides, hematophagostoc spp.), Echinococcus spp (hematophagostoma spp., Echinococcus spp.), Echinococcus spp., Echinococcus spp), Echinococcus spp (hematophagostoma spp., Echinococcus spp.), euonyx spp., Echinococcus spp), Echinococcus spp (hematophagus spp), Echinococcus spp., euonyx spp., Echinococcus spp), Echinococcus spp., Echinococcus spp (hematophagus spp), Echinococcus spp., Echinococcus spp), Echinococcus spp (hematophagus spp., Echinococcus spp.), euonyx spp., Echinococcus spp., euonyx spp), Echinococcus spp), trichothecus spp (hematophagus spp), trichothecus spp., Echinococcus spp (trichothecus spp., Echinococcus spp), trichothecus spp (trichothecus spp., Echinococcus spp), trichothecus spp (trichothecus spp., Echinococcus spp), trichothecus spp., Echinococcus spp), trichothecus spp (trichothecus spp., Echinococcus spp), trichothecus spp (trichothecus spp., Echinococcus spp), trichothecus spp (trichothecus spp), trichothecus spp., Echinococcus spp), trichothecus spp (trichothecus spp), trichothecus spp (trichothecus spp), trichothecus spp., Echinococcus spp (trichothecus spp), trichothecus spp (trichothecus spp., Echinococcus spp (trichothecus spp), trichothecus spp (trichothecus spp), trichothecus spp (trichothecus, epididymis (Opisthorchia spp.), Onchocerca (Onchocerca volvulus), Ostertagia spp, paralogus spp, Schistosoman spp, Strongyloides fuleborni, Strongyloides stercoralis, Strongyloides spp, Taenia tapetum (Taena saginata), Taenia solium, Trichinella spiralis (Trichinella spiralis), Trichinella nativa, Trichinella britannii, Trichinella nella neosonii, Trichinella pseudoscilla pseudolaris, Trichinella trichinosis, Trichinella pseudoptera, Trichostrongylus trichinosis, Trichostrongylus trichurium, and Wuchereria wuensis;

(17) From the order of the Hemiptera (Heteroptera), for example, Cucumaria squamosa (Anasa tristis), Antystis spp, Orthosiphon (Blissus spp.), Junceylous spp, Campylomma livida, Allorusdorsalis (Cavelerius spp.), Symphytus spp, Creontiads dilutes, Dasynus pipris, Dichelodons furcatus, Piperus nigra (Dicororis hewetti), Euschistus sp, Helpelltis spp, Horccus NOtus, Pieris spp, Euschistus sp, Hortorius NORCus, Piperaceae, Pieris spp (Pieris spp.), Pieris spp), tibraca spp, triatomus spp (Triatoma spp);

(18) homoptera (Homoptera), for example, Achythos spp, Aenoleima spp, Agonospora spp, Bemisia sp, Aleurodesis spp, Aleurodon spp, Aleurobius bardens, Bemisia sp, Amadowra sp, Elliparis brachypus (Anuraria cardui), Phyllocerus reniformis (Aonidiella spp), Aphis petunia (Aphanotigma piri), Aphis viridis (Aphis spp), Psidium vitis (Arboridia indica), Phyllophora spp, Asperidium parvum, Asperiidae, Phyllophora viridis (Bectonia viride), Phyllophycus, Phyllophysalis viridis (Bupleuroplurea), Phyllophycus carotoviridis, Phyllophysa spp), Phyllophysalis nilapa (Brassica spp), Phyllophysalis nilapa viridis (Brassica, Phyllophora spp), the species diaphorus nigra (chlamydia grandis), phaedodes fusca (chlamydomonas ficus), phaedodes zeae (cicadolina mbilia), coccomycota gallica (cocardina), leptospora (cocus spp.), sciola virginiana (Cryptomyzus ribis), dalulus spp., bemisia sp (dialeodes spp.), Diaphorina spp. (Diaphorina spp.), brevipariella spp. (Diaphorina spp.), Diaphorina spp. (Diaphorina spp.) (diaperi spp.), dorsalis spp.), tarragus spp. (drosis spp.) (drosophila spp.), phycus spp. (phylus spp.) (phylum septoria), phaedodes spp. (phaedodes spp.), grey meal (dysococcus spp.) (dysosma spp.) (phaedodes spp.), phaedodes spp. (lecanopsis spp.) (lecanopsis, phaedodes spp. (lecodon spp.) (lecanoplophorus (lecodon spp.), phaea), phaedodes spp. (lecodon spp.) (phaea), phaedodes (lecanopsis spp.) (lecanopsis), phaedodes (lecanopsis spp.), gephyceae), gephyes spp. (lecanopsis spp.) (lecanopsis), gephyes spp. (lecanopsis spp.) (lecanopsis, gephyes spp.) (lecanopsis), gephyceae), gephyes spp. (lecanopsis spp.) (lecanopsis spp.), eustis spp. (lecanopsis, eustis spp.) (lecanopy, gephys spp.) (lecanopsis spp.), gephys spp. (lecanopsis spp.) (lecanopsis, gephys spp.) (lecanopsis spp.), gephys spp.) (lecanopsis spp.), euspo (lecanopsis spp.) (lecanopsis, euspo. spo (lecanopsis spp.), euspo), gephys, eustis spp. (lecanopsis spp.) (lecanopsis, eustis spp.), euspo (lecanopsis, gephys spp. (lecanopsis), gephys spp. (lecanopsis spp.) (lecanopsis spp. (lecanopsis, euspo. spo (euspo. spo), geum spp. (lecanopy (lecanopsis spp.) (lecanopsis), geum (lecanopsis spp.) (lecanopsis, geum ge, lipaphis erysimi (Lipophis erysimi), Botrytis elongata (Macrosiphum spp.), Mahanarva fimbriata, Pediobolus cereus Linn (Melanaphila sacchara), Metaplexis spp, Mecanella reticula (Methanoplophora dirhodium), Phyllophora nigra (Monoptera costata), Monopsis pecani, Oncorhynchus (Myzus spp.), Phyllophora glauca (Nasonophila rubiginii), Pediophora nigra (Netepytix spp.), Nilaparvata (Nilapavalugens), Onetopodium sp, Orthezia, Bemisia babesia (Parameria), Phyllophora solani (Parathiopica), Phyllophora viridis (Paralypocladium), Phyllophora viridans (Parapsyllioides), Phyllophora viridans, Phyllophora spp.), Phyllophora spp. (Phoma spp.), Pholiota spp.), Phyllophora spp. (Pholiota spp. (Phosporus, Phyllophora spp. (Pholiota spp.), mealybugs (Pseudococcus spp.), psyllium (psyllium spp.), chrysopilus (Pteromalus spp.), Pyrilla spp., chimonanthus spp., Quadrafida gigas (Quadrasidious spp.), Quesada gigas, Lepidogra major (Rastrococcus spp.), Aphis sinoides (Rhopalosiphum spp.), Canarius (Sarasella spp.), Sarasella spp., Scisseria glauca (Sarasella spp.), Aphis viridis, Schizophilus viridis (Schizophis graminis), Spanisum ferox virens (Selenastrus indica), Pegasphaea variola (Selenus), Pegasteus albus (Sogatella furcifera), Rhizocapsis oryzae (Toxoplasma aphid), Triphaea viridis (Tolyx spp.), Trigonopsis (Tolyphaea spp.), Triphaea spp., Tolyx spp., Tolypocladus (Tolypocladus spp.), Triphaea viridis, Tolyphaea spp. (Tolypocladus spp.);

(19) From the order of the Isoptera (Isoptera), e.g., Reticulitermes spp, Termite spp;

(20) from the order of the Lepidoptera (Lepidoptera), for example, the species Trichoplusia mori (Acronita major), Trichoplusia ni (Aedia leucemlas), Trichoplusia (Agrotis spp.), Alabama argillacea, Trichoplusia (Anticarsia spp.), Trichoplusia (Acacia spp.), cabbage looper (Barathra brassicca), Bucculus thrix thunbergii, Trichoplusia miniata (Bupalus piniarius), yellow-tail leaf moth (Cacoecia podana), Capua retta, Tricoloma punctatum (Carpoppy pomona), fall armyworm (Chemobia brumata, Cyperus (Chilo spp.), Spright-headed cabbage looper (Choristonella furnacanthus), grape fruit moth (Clostrinia), European looper (Hypogluca), European looper (Hemocha furnature), European looper, Sporochaeta, Spodoptera, Spodopteria (Heplodia, Sporochaeta), Spodoptera, Spodopteria (Heplodia, Heplodia pomona), spodoptera (Laphygma spp.), Trichoplusia (lithiocolletia blancardella), chlorocarpella (lithiocarpous tenebrio), Trichoplusia viridis (Lithophane antena), loxagotis albicans, toxaphyllus (Lymantria spp.), trichogramma luteola (malospora neustria), noctuida brassica oleracea (mamestraria brassica), Mocis repida, Mythimna seperata, Oria spp., mud worm (oculema oryzae), Trichoplusia punctata (panolius flamomea), pink bollworm (pediococcus gossypiella), citrus leaf miner (phyllocystia), phomopsis citri (phycocystis cirella), Trichoplusia punctata (Trichoplusia viridis), Trichoplusia viridis (Trichoplusia viridis), Trichoplusia viridis (Trichoplusia), Trichoplusia virida (Trichoplusia, Trichoplusia viridis), Trichoplusia virida (Trichoplusia, pholitha;

(21) From the order of the Orthoptera (Orthoptera), for example, crinis welliana (Achatta domiticus), Blatta orientalis (Blatta orientalis), Blattella germanica (Blattella germanica), Gryllotalpa (Grayllotalpa spp.), Matdra (Leucophaea maderae), Locusta migratoria (Lousta spp.), Black locust (Melanoplus spp.), Periplaneta americana (Periplaneta americana), desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria);

(22) from the order of the Thysanoptera (Thysanoptera), for example, Thrips oryzae (Balothrips biformis), Enothrips flavens, Frankliniella spp, Heliothis spp, Frankliniella spp;

(23) protozoa, for example, Eimeria spp.

In aspects of the present description, the compounds and compositions of the present description can be applied against a pest alone or in combination.

In admixture with other active agents

In yet another embodiment, the composition comprising the compound of formula (I) may further comprise other veterinary therapeutic agents. Veterinary agents that may be included in the compositions of the present specification are well known in the art (see, e.g., Plumb' Veterinary Drug Handbook, 5) thEdition, ed.Donald C.Plumb, Blackwell Publishing, (2005) or The Merck vector Manual,9thEdition, (January 2005)) and include, but are not limited to, acarbose, acepromazine maleate, acetaminophen, acetazolamide, sodium acetazolamide, acetic acid, acetohydroxamic acid, acetylcysteine, acitre, acyclovir, albendazole, albuterol sulfate, alfentanil, allopurinol, alprazolam, altrenogest, amantadine, amikacin sulfate, aminocaproic acid, aminoglutaramide hydrogen sulfate, aminophylline/theophylline, amiodarone, amitriptyline, amlodipine besylate, ammonium chloride, ammonium molybdate, amoxicillin, clavulanate, amphotericin B deoxycholate, lipid-based amphotericin B, ampicillin, amproline, antacids (oral), antiserum, apomorphine, apramycin sulfate, vitamin C, asparaginase, aspirin, atenolol, altemezole, benzsulfamide atracurium, atropine sulfate, auranofin (auranofin), chlorthioglucose, azaperone, azathioprine, azithromycin, baclofen, barbiturate, benazepril, betamethasone, clobecholine, bisacodyl, bismuth subsalicylate, bleomycin sulfate, bodomperidone undecenoate, bromide, bromocriptine mesylate, budenoside, buprenorphine hydrochloride, buspirone hydrochloride, busulfan, butorphanol tartrate, cabergoline, salmon calcitonin, calcitriol, calcium salt, captopril, catorin sodium, carbimazole, carboplatin, carnitine, carprofen, carvedilol, cefadroxil, cefazolin sodium, cefixime, clorsulon, cefoperazone sodium, cefotaxime sodium, cefotetan disodium, cefoxitin sodium, cefpodoxime sodium, ceftazidime, ceftiofur-fur-sodium, ceftiofur-thifluzine, cefatrizine, cefaloxime sodium, cephalosporin, cefapirin, charcoal (activated charcoal), chlorambucil, chloramphenicol, chlorambucil Chlorine nitrogen+/-Clilium Bromide, chlorothiazide, chlorpheniramine maleate, chlorpromazine hydrochloride, chlorpropamide, chlortetracycline, chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), chromium, cimetidine, ciprofloxacin, cisapride, cisplatin, citrate, clarithromycin, clemastine fumarate, clenbuterol, clindamycin, clofazimine, clomipramine hydrochloride, clonazepam, clonidine, sodium treprostinil, chlorazachlorDipotassium, clorsulon, cloxacillin, codeine phosphate, colchicine, corticotropin (ACTH), teicoplanin, cyclophosphamide, cyclosporin, cyproheptadine, cytarabine, dacarbazine, actinomycin D/actinomycin D, dalteparin sodium, danazol, dantrolene, dapsone, desquamate, deferoxamine mesylate, deracoxib, deslorelin acetate, desmopressin acetate, cortideoxolone pivalate, detomidine, dexamethasone, dexpanthenol, dexrazoxane, dextran, diazepam, diazoxide (oral), diclofenamide, diclofenac sodium, dicloxacillin, Diethylstilbestrol (DES), difloxacin, digoxin, Dihydrotachysterol (DHT), diltiazemDimenhydrinate, dimercaprol/BAL, dimethyl sulfoxide, dinoprost tromethamine, diphenylhydroxylamine, propylpiramide phosphate, dobutamine hydrochloride, docusate/DSS, dolasetron mesylate, domperidone, dopamine hydrochloride, dolacrtin, doxoropram hydrochloride, doxepin hydrochloride, doxorubicin hydrochloride, doxycycline, edetate calcium disodium, calcium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, etanilide chloride, enalapril/enalaprilat, enoxaparin sodium, enrofloxacin, ephedrine sulfate, epinephrine, epoetin/erythropoietin, erite, Etaxel, erythromycin, esmolol hydrochloride, estradiol cypionate, ethacrynic acid/sodium etanidate, ethanol (ethanol), etidronate sodium, etodolac, etomidate, euthanasian w/pentobarbital, famotidine, fatty acids (essential/omega), felbamate, fentanyl, ferrous sulfate, filgrastim, finasteride, fipronil, florfenicol, fluconazole, flucytosine, fludrocortisone acetate, flumazenil, flumethasone, flunixin meglumine, fluorouracil (5-FU), fluoxetine, valcanisone, fluvoxamine maleate, methylpyrazole (4-MP), furazolidone, furosemide, gabapentin, gemcitabine, gentamycin sulfate, glimepiride, glipizide, glucagon, glucocorticosteroid agents, glucosamine/chondroitin sulfate, glutamine, glyburide, glycerol (oral), glycopyrrolate, gonadorelin, griseofulvin, guaifenesin, halothane, glutaconine-200Heparin, hydroxyethyl starch, sodium hyaluronate, hydralazine, hydrochlorothiazide, hydrocodone bitartrate, hydrocortisone, hydromorphone, hydroxyurea, hydroxyzine, ifosfamide, imidacloprid, medoxomil-cilastatin sodium, imipramine, amrinone lactate, insulin, interferon alfa-2a (human recombinant), iodide (sodium/potassium), ipecacuanil (syrup), sodium iodopotate, iron dextran, isoflurane, isoproterenol, isotretinoin, isocapraxine, itraconazole, ivermectin, kaolin/pectin, ketamine, ketoconazole, ketoprofen, ketorolac tromethamine, lactulose, leuprolide, palonotin, levetiracetam, levothyroxine sodium, lidocaine, lincomycin, lionin sodium, lisinopril, lomustine (CCNU), lufenuron, lysine, magnesium, mannitol, marbofloxacin, mechlorethamine, meclozine, meclofenamic acid, medetomidine, medium chain triglycerides, medroxyprogesterone acetate, megestrol acetate, melasoxamine, melatonin, meloxicam, melphalan, meperidine, mercaptopurine, meropenem, metformin, methadone, methazolamide, urotropin Pimallate/hippurate, methimazole, methionine, methocarbamol, methoprene, methoflurane, methylene blue, methylphenidate, methylprednisolone, metoclopramide, metoprolol, metronidazole, mexiletine, mibodone, midazolam, milbemycin oxime, mineral oil, minocycline, misoprostol, mitotane, mitoxantrone, morphine sulfate, moxidectin (moxidectin), naloxone, nandrolone decanoate, naproxen, narcotic (opiate) agonist analgesics, neomycin sulfate, neostigmine, nicotinamide, nitazoxanide, nitenpyram, nitroglycerin, sodium nitroprusside, nizatidine, sodium neomycin, nystatin, octreotide acetate, olsalazine sodium, omeprazole, danosetron, opiate antidiarrhoea, oxbifacin, oxacillin, oxazeocin chloride, oxymorphone, oxytetracycline, oxytocin, pamidronate disodium, pancrelipase, pancuronium bromide, paromomycin sulfate, parozetine, penicillamine, penicillins including penicillin G, penicillin V potassium, pentazocine, sodium pentobarbital, sodium xylopolythiol, pentoxifylline, pergolide mesylate, phenobarbital, phenoxybenzamine, phenylbutazone, phenylephrine, phenytoin sodium, pheromones, parenteral phosphate, vitamin K1/vitamin K-1, pimobendan, piperazine, pirlimycin, piroxicam, polysulfated glycosaminoglycan, ponazuril, potassium chloride, clomiphosine, prazosin, prednisolone/prednisone, primidone, procainamide, procarbazine, prochlorperazine, proparazine, proparaffin, propamocarb, propionibacterium acnes (piprobacterans) injection, propofol, propamorolol, protamine sulfate, protamine sulfate, pseudoephedrine, psyllium hydrophilic gum, pirfenim bromide, mepyramine maleate, pyrimethamine, mepacrine, quinidine, ranitidine, rifampin, s-adenosyl-methionine (SAMe), saline/hypertonic laxatives, selamectin (selamectin), selegiline/l-deprenyl, sertraline, sevelamer, sevoflurane, silymarin/silybumin, sodium bicarbonate, polystyrene sodium, sodium antimony gluconate, sodium sulfate, sodium thiosulfate, pituitary growth hormone, sotalol, spectinomycin, spironolactone, Stanozolol, streptokinase, streptozocin, dimercaptosuccinic acid, succinylcholine chloride, sucralfate, sufentanil citrate, sulfachlorpyridazine sodium, sulfadiazine/trimethroprim, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, sulfadimethoxine (sulfadiminoxine), sulfadimethoxine/olmeprin, sulfasalazine, taurine, tipoxaline, terbinafine, terbutaline sulfate, testosterone, tetracycline, sodium sulfadiazine, vitamin B1, thioguanine, thiopentazine, thiotepa, thyrotropin, thiamerin, ticarcillin disodium, teletamine/zolazepam, tilmocosin, tiopronin, tobramycin sulfate, tocainide, tolazolin, tolfenamic acid, topiramate, tramadol, triamcinolone acetonide, trientine, losartan, triptyline, triptorelin, prednisone, tartrate, triamcinolone acetonide, hydramine, valproic acid, vanadium, vancomycin, vasopressin, vecuronium bromide, verapamil, vinblastine sulfate, vincristine sulfate, vitamin E/selenium, muriatic sodium, xylazine, yohimbine, zafirlukast, zidovudine (AZT), zinc acetate/zinc sulfate, zonisamide and mixtures thereof.

In one embodiment of the present description, arylpyrazole compounds such as phenylpyrazole may be included in the veterinary compositions of the present description. Arylpyrazoles are known in the art and may be suitable for combination with compounds of formula (I) in the compositions of the specification. Examples of the arylpyrazole compounds include, but are not limited to, those described in U.S. patent nos. 6,001,384; 6,010,710, respectively; 6,083,519, respectively; 6,096,329, respectively; 6,174,540, respectively; 6,685,954, 6,998,131 and 7,759,381 (all of which are incorporated herein by reference). A particularly preferred arylpyrazole active agent is fipronil.

In yet another embodiment of the present specification, one or more macrocyclic lactones or lactams that act as acaricides, insect repellents and/or insecticides can be included in the compositions of the present specification in combination with the compound. For the avoidance of doubt, the term "macrolide" as used herein includes natural and synthetic or semi-synthetic avermectin (avermectin) and milbemycin (milbemycin) compounds.

Macrolides that may be used in the compositions of the present specification include but are not limited toNot restricted to naturally occurring avermectins (e.g. including designation as A)1a、A1b、A2a、A2b、B1a、B1b、B2a and B2b) and milbemycins (milbemycins), semisynthetic avermectins (avermectins) and milbemycins (milbemycins), avermectin (avermectins) monosaccharide compounds and avermectin (avermectins) glycoconjugate compounds. Examples of macrolide compounds that may be used in the composition include, but are not limited to, avermectin, dimadectin, doramectin, emamectin, eprinomectin, ivermectin, latidectin, lepimectin, selamectin, ML-1,694,554 and milbemycins, including, but not limited to, milbemycins D, milbemycins A 3Milbemycin A4Milbemycin oxime, moxidectin (moxidectin) and nemadectin (nemadectin). Also included are 5-oxo and 5-oxime derivatives of the avermectins and milbemycins.

Macrolide compounds are known in the art and can be readily obtained commercially or by synthetic techniques known in the art. See the widely available technical and commercial literature. For avermectins, Ivermectin and Abamectin, see, for example, "ivermectins and abamectins", 1989, by M.H.Fischer and H.Mrozik, William C.Campbell, published by Springer Verlag. orEt al (1981), "Avermectins Structure Determination", J.Am.chem.Soc.,103, 4216-. For doramectin, see "Veterinary Parasitology", vol.49, No.1,1993, 7 months, 5-15. For Milbemycins, see, inter alia, Davies H.G. et al, 1986, "Avermectins and Milbemycins", nat. Prod.Rep.,3,87-121, Mrozik H. et al, 1983, Synthesis of Milbemycins from Avermectins, Tetrahedron letter, 24,5333. sup. 5336, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,134,973 and EP 0677054, which are all incorporated herein by reference.

Avermects (avermect) ins) and milbemycins are closely related in structure, e.g., both have complex 16-membered macrolide rings. Natural products avermectins are disclosed in U.S. patent No. 4,310,519 and 22, 23-dihydroavermectin compounds are disclosed in U.S. patent No. 4,199,569. U.S. patent nos. 4,468,390, 5,824,653, EP 0007812 a1, U.K. patent specification 1390336, EP 0002916, and new zealand patent No. 237086 are also mentioned, among others. Natural milbemycins are described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,950,360 and "The Merck Index" 12th ed.，S.Budavari，Ed.，Merck&Various references cited by co., inc. whitehouse Station, New Jersey (1996). Latidectin is described in International Nonproprietary Names for Pharmaceutical substations (INN), "WHO Drug Information, Vol.17, No. 4, pp.263- & 286, (2003). Semi-synthetic derivatives of these classes of compounds are well known in the art and are described, for example, in U.S. patent nos. 5,077,308, 4,859,657, 4,963,582, 4,855,317, 4,871,719, 4,874,749, 4,427,663, 4,310,519, 4,199,569, 5,055,596, 4,973,711, 4,978,677, 4,920,148 and EP 0667054, all of which are incorporated herein by reference.

In one embodiment, the veterinary composition of the present disclosure comprises an effective amount of abamectin, dimadectin, doramectin, emamectin, eprinomectin, ivermectin, latidectin, lepimectin, selamectin, milbemectin, milbemycin D, milbemycin A 3Milbemycins A4At least one of milbemycin oxime, moxidectin (moxidectin) or nemadectin (nemadectin), or combinations thereof. In yet another embodiment, the present specification provides a veterinary composition comprising an effective amount of at least one of abamectin, emamectin, eprinomectin, ivermectin, doramectin or selamectin, or a combination thereof. In yet another embodiment, the veterinary composition of the present disclosure comprises an effective amount of at least one of ivermectin, milbemectin, milbemycin oxime or moxidectin, or a combination thereof.

In yet another embodiment of the present specification, there are provided compositions comprising a compound of formula (I) in combination with a class of acaricides or insecticides known as Insect Growth Regulators (IGRs). Compounds belonging to this class are well known to practitioners and encompass a wide range of different chemical classes. These compounds all act by interfering with the development or growth of insect pests. Insect growth regulators are described, for example, in U.S. patent nos. 3,748,356, 3,818,047, 4,225,598, 4,798,837, 4,751,225, EP 0179022 or U.K. 2140010, and U.S. patent nos. 6,096,329 and 6,685,954 (all incorporated herein by reference).

In one embodiment of the compositions of the present disclosure, an IGR compound that mimics juvenile hormone or modulates juvenile hormone levels in insects may be included. Examples of juvenile hormone mimics include azadirachtin, benchol, fenoxycarb, methoprene, pyriproxyfen, tetrahydroazadirachtin, and 4-chloro-2 (2-chloro-2-methyl-propyl) -5- (6-iodo-3-pyridylmethoxy) pyridazin-3 (2H) -one. In yet another embodiment, the compositions of the present disclosure comprise a compound of formula (I) in combination with methoprene or pyriproxyfen and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

In yet another embodiment, the compositions of the present disclosure include an IGR compound that is an inhibitor of chitin synthesis. Chitin synthesis inhibitors include taibao, cyromazine, diflubenzuron, chlorfluazuron, cyclofluazuron, flufenoxuron, hexaflumuron, lufenuron, tebufenozide, teflubenzuron, triflumuron, 1- (2, 6-difluorobenzoyl) -3- (2-fluoro-4- (trifluoromethyl) phenylurea, 1- (2, 6-difluoro-benzoyl) -3- (2-fluoro-4- (1,1,2, 2-tetrafluoroethoxy) -phenylurea and 1- (2, 6-difluorobenzoyl) -3- (2-fluoro-4-trifluoromethyl) phenylurea.

In certain embodiments, the compositions of the present disclosure may include one or more anti-nematode agents, including but not limited to active agents in the benzimidazole, imidazothiazole, tetrahydropyrimidine, organophosphate compound classes. In certain embodiments, benzimidazoles may be included in the composition, including, but not limited to, thiabendazole ester, bupirimate, propoxybenzazole, mebendazole, fluoropyridazole, thiabendazole, thiobendazole, prothioconazole, cyclobendazole, phenylthiocarbamate, thiophanate, and o, o-dimethyl analogs thereof.

In other embodiments, the compositions of the present disclosure may include imidazothiazole compounds, including, but not limited to, anthelmintic, acitretin, and butylimidazole.

In other embodiments, the compositions of the present disclosure may include tetrahydropyrimidine active agents, including, but not limited to, pyrantel, metaphenylene pyrimidine, and thiaenylene hydropyrimidine.

Suitable organophosphate active agents include, but are not limited to, coumaphos, trichlorfon, picrophos, naprophos and dichlorvos, heptenophos, methamphos, monocrotophos, TEPP, and chlorfenapyr.

In other embodiments, the compositions may include an anti-nematode compound, phenothiazine, piperazine as a neutral compound and various salt forms thereof, diethylcarbamazine, phenols such as diiodonitrophenol, arsenic-containing agents such as sulfoarsine, ethanolamines such as benoxanine, thiophenium chlorophenoxysulfonate, and methoxyethylpyridine; cyanine dyes including pamidronate, pamidronate and dithiin-iodide; isothiocyanates include para-diisothiocyanobenzene, suramin sodium, phthalidyl, and various natural products including, but not limited to, hygromycin B, alpha-anisatin and kainic acid.

In other embodiments, the compositions of the present disclosure may include an anti-trematode agent. Suitable anti-trematode agents include, but are not limited to, melacicides such as melacicide D and mirasan; praziquantel, clonostane and 3-methyl derivatives thereof, oltipraz, aminomethothanthrone, hydroxylamine thioanthrone, hydroxyaquine, nitrothiocyanamide, nitrothiadazole, nitrooxydibenzonitrile, various bisphenol compounds known in the art including toxaphol, thiochlorophenol sulfoxide and dinitrochlorophenol; various antifungal amine (salicianilide) compounds include tribromosalicylanilide, hydroxychlorosalicylanilide, chloroiodoamide, rafoxanide, nitrolobenzonitrile, bromothiosalicylamide, bromofluniclosamide, and closantel; trichloroimidazole, Aminophenoxyethyl diacetate, clorsulon, Haitolin and ipecac.

Anthelmintic compounds that may also be advantageously used in the compositions of the present disclosure include, but are not limited to, arecoline in various salt forms, bunamidine, niclosamide, nitrodiphenylether, paromomycin II, praziquantel, and epsiprantel.

In other embodiments, the compositions of the present specification can include other active agents effective against arthropod parasites. Suitable active agents include, but are not limited to, deltamethrin, chlordane, dichlorodiphenyl, thiodan, methoxychlor, fenamiphos, bromophos, ethylbromophos, trithion, chlorfenvinphos, chlorpyrifos, bacon, fenamidophos, diazinon, fenamiphos, dimethoate, dioxathion, ethion, vamidophos, fenitrothion, fenthion, pyrazofos, iodothion, malathion, dibromophos, phosmet, phoxim, pyrazofos, pyraclofos, pyrofos, allethrin, cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, fenvalerate, flucythrinate, permethrin, phenothrin, pyrethrin, furethrin, benzyl ester, carbon disulfide, crotamiton, diflubenzuron, diphenylamine, disulfiram, isobornyl thioglycolate, enoate, dinotefuran, sulenpyraclostrobin, pirenobutyl, fenpropiconazole, triphenyltin hydroxide, deet ester, and the compounds 1,5a,6,9,9a,9 b-hexahydro-4 a (4H) -dibenzofuran formaldehyde (MGK-11), 2- (2-ethylhexyl) -3a,4,7,7 a-tetrahydro-4, 7-methano-1H-isoindole-1, 3(2H) dione (MGK-264), dipropyl-2, 5-pyridinedicarboxylate (MGK-326) and 2- (octylthio) ethanol (MGK-874).

In yet another embodiment, the antiparasitic agent that can be included in the veterinary composition containing a compound of formula (I) can be a biologically active peptide or protein, including but not limited to depsipeptides other than compounds. They include PF1022A or an analog thereof and igumod. Other cyclic depsipeptide compounds that may be included in compositions comprising compounds of formula (I) are those described in WO 2016/187534 a1 and WO 2017/116702 a1, both incorporated herein by reference. These compounds act on neuromuscular junctions by stimulating presynaptic receptors belonging to the secretin receptor family, causing paralysis and death of the parasites. In one embodiment of the depsipeptide, the depsipeptide is Igimods (emodepside) (see Willson et al, Parasitology, Jan.2003,126(Pt 1): 79-86).

In yet another embodiment, the compositions of the present disclosure may comprise an active agent from a neonicotinoid parasiticide. Neonicotinoids bind to and inhibit insect-specific nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. In one embodiment, the neonicotinoid insecticide that can be combined with the compound of formula (I) in the compositions of the present specification is imidacloprid. Such agents are described, for example, in U.S. patent No. 4,742,060 or EP 0892060 (both incorporated herein by reference). In yet another embodiment, the compositions of the present disclosure may comprise nitenpyram, yet another active agent of the neonicotinoid pesticide. The use of nitenpyram for the control of fleas is described in U.S. patent No. 5,750,548, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

In certain other embodiments of the present description, the compound of formula (I) that can be combined with the compositions of the present description is an semicarbazone, such as metaflumizone.

In yet another embodiment, the compositions of the present disclosure may advantageously include one or more pesticidal isoxazoline compounds known in the art. Isoxazoline actives are highly effective against a variety of ectoparasites and the combination with compounds of formula (I) will expand the range of efficacy against these parasites. Particularly useful isoxazoline active agents that can be combined with the compounds include alfilana (including substantially pure active enantiomers), saraladine, fluroradine (including substantially pure active enantiomers), and loratadine. Such active agents are described in US 7,964,204, US 2010/0254960 a1, US2011/0159107, US2012/0309620, US2012/0030841, US2010/0069247, WO 2007/125984, WO 2012/086462, US 8318757, US 8466115, US 8618126, US 8822466, US 8383659, US 8853186, US 9221835, US 2011/0144349, US 8,053,452; US 2010/0137612, US 8410153, US 2011/152081, WO 2012/089623, WO 2012/089622, US 8,119,671; US 7,947,715; WO 2102/120135, WO 2012/107533, WO 2011/157748, US 2011/0245274, US 2011/0245239, US 2012/0232026, US 2012/0077765, US 2012/0035122, US 2011/0251247, WO 2011/154433, WO 2011/154434, US 2012/0238517, US 2011/0166193, WO 2011/104088, WO 2011/104087, WO 2011/104089, US 2012/015946, US 2009/0143410, WO 2007/123855A 2, US 2011/0118212, US 7951828& US 7662972, US 2010/0137372A 1, US 2010/0179194A 2, US 2011/0086886A2, US 2011/0059988A 1, US 2010/0179195A 1, US 2015/0126523, WO 2010/003923, WO 2010/003877, WO 2010/072602, WO 2014/134236, WO 2017/147352, US 7897630, and u.s.7951828, which are all incorporated herein by reference.

In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, nodulisporic acid (nodulisporic acid) and derivatives thereof may be added to the compositions of the present disclosure. These compounds are used to treat or prevent infections in humans and animals and are described, for example, in U.S. patent nos. 5,399,582, 5,962,499, 6,221,894 and 6,399,786, which are all incorporated herein by reference. The compositions may include one or more of the nodulisporic acid (nodulisporic acid) derivatives known in the art, including all stereoisomers, such as those described in the references cited above.

In yet another embodiment, insect repellent compounds such as monepantel (zolvix) and the like, which Are Aminoacetonitrile (AAD) compounds, may be added to the compositions of the present disclosure. These compounds are described, for example, in US 7,084,280 to Ducray et al (incorporated herein by reference); sager et al, vestrinary Parasitology,2009,159, 49-54; kaminsky et al, Nature vol.452,13March 2008, 176-.

The compositions of the present specification may also include arylpyrrol-2-yl cyanoethylamino compounds such as those described in US patent No. 8,088,801 to Soll et al, herein incorporated by reference; and thioamide derivatives of these compounds are described in Le Hir de Fallois, U.S. patent No. 7,964,621, also incorporated herein by reference. An arylpyrrol-2-ylcyanoethylamino active agent that acts systemically on endoparasites may be used in the veterinary compositions of the present description in combination with a compound.

Compositions of the present disclosure may also include para-penicillamide (paraherquamide) compounds and derivatives of these compounds, including derquantel (see Ostlind et al, Research in Veteriary Science,1990,48, 260-61; and Ostlind et al, Medical and Veteriary Entomology,1997,11, 407-. Penicillium petalioides amides are a known class of compounds with activity against certain parasites, including the spirodioxepinoindole core (see Tett. Lett.1981,22,135; J. antibiotics 1990,43,1380, and J. antibiotics 1991,44, 492). Furthermore, structurally related marcfortine-like compounds, such as marcfortines a-C, are also known and can be combined with the compositions of the present specification (see j.chem.soc. -chem.comm.1980,601 and tet.lett.1981,22,1977). Further descriptions of para-plum-shaped penicillamide derivatives may be found in, for example, WO 91/09961, WO 92/22555, WO 97/03988, WO 01/076370, WO 09/004432 and US 2010/0197624, US 5,703,078 and US 5,750,695, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

In yet another embodiment of The present description, The composition may include a spinosyn (spinosyn) active agent produced by The soil actinomycete Saccharopolyspora spinosa (see, e.g., Salgado V.L. and Sparks T.C., "The Spinosyns: Chemistry, Biochemistry, model of Action, and Resistance," comparative Molecular Instrument Science, vol.6, pp.137-173,2005), or a semi-synthetic spinosyn (spinoid) active agent. Spinosyns are generally referred to as factors or components A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, or Y, and any of these components or combinations thereof may be used in the compositions of the present disclosure. Spinosyn compounds may be 5,6, 5-tricyclic ring systems fused to a 12-membered macrolide, a neutral sugar (rhamnose), and an amino sugar (forosamine). These and other natural spinosyn compounds, including the 21-butenyl spinosyns produced by Saccharopolyspora pagonas that may be used in the compositions of the present disclosure, may be produced by fermentation via conventional techniques known in the art. Other spinosyn compounds that may be used in the compositions of the present specification are disclosed in U.S. patent nos. 5,496,931; 5,670,364, respectively; 5,591,606, respectively; 5,571,901, respectively; 5,202,242; 5,767,253, respectively; 5,840,861, respectively; 5,670,486, respectively; 5,631,155 and 6,001,981, all incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Spinosyn compounds may include, but are not limited to, spinosyn a, spinosyn D, spinosyn, spinetoram, or combinations thereof. Spinosad is a combination of spinosad a and spinosad D, while spinetoram is a combination of 3 '-ethoxy-5, 6-dihydrospinosad J and 3' -ethoxy spinosad L.

Typically, additional active agents (other than the compounds of formula (I) above) are included in the dosage units of the present description in amounts of from about 0.1 μ g to about 1000 mg. Generally, the active agent may be included in an amount of about 10 μ g to about 500mg, about 10 μ g to about 400mg, about 1mg to about 300mg, about 10mg to about 200mg, or about 10mg to about 100 mg. More typically, the additional active agent is present in the compositions of the present invention in an amount of from about 5mg to about 50 mg.

The concentration of the additional active agent in the compositions of the present disclosure is generally from about 0.01% to about 30% (w/w), depending on the potency of the active agent. In certain embodiments of very effective active agents, including but not limited to macrolide active agents, the concentration of the active agent is generally from about 0.01% to about 10% (w/w), from about 0.01 to about 1% (w/w), from about 0.01% to about 0.5% (w/w), from about 0.1% to about 0.5% (w/w) or from about 0.01% to about 0.1% (w/w). In other embodiments, the concentration of the active agent is generally from about 0.1% to about 2% (w/w), or from about 0.1% to about 1% (w/w).

In other embodiments, the additional active agent is generally present at a higher concentration to achieve the desired efficacy. In certain embodiments, the active agent is present at a concentration of about 1% to about 30% (w/w), about 1% to about 20% (w/w), or about 1% to about 15% (w/w). In other embodiments, the active agent is present in the composition at a concentration of about 5% to about 20% (w/w), or about 5% to about 15% (w/w).

In various embodiments of the present description, additional active agents can be included in the compositions to deliver a dose of about 0.001mg/kg to about 50mg/kg or about 0.5mg/kg to about 50mg/kg of the animal's body weight. In other embodiments, the active agent is generally present in an amount sufficient to deliver a dose of about 0.05mg/kg to about 30mg/kg, about 0.1mg/kg to about 20 mg/kg. In other embodiments, the active agent is present in an amount sufficient to deliver a dose of about 0.1mg/kg to about 10mg/kg, about 0.1mg/kg to about 1mg/kg, or about 0.5mg/kg to about 50mg/kg per animal body weight.

In certain embodiments of the present specification where the additional active agent is a highly effective compound such as a macrolide or other effective compound, the active agent is present at a concentration that provides a dosage of about 0.001mg/kg to about 5mg/kg, about 0.001mg/kg to about 0.1mg/kg or about 0.001mg/kg to about 0.01 mg/kg. In other embodiments, the active agent is present in an amount sufficient to deliver a dose of about 0.01mg/kg to about 2mg/kg or about 0.1mg/kg to about 1mg/kg per animal body weight. In other embodiments, the additional active agent can be present in an amount to deliver a dose of about 1 μ g/kg to about 200 μ g/kg or about 0.1mg/kg to about 1mg/kg of the animal's body weight.

In addition to the other active agents mentioned previously, combinations of two or more active agents may be used in the compositions with the compounds of the present specification to treat a desired range of pests and parasites. The level of skill of the practitioner will be sufficient to determine what individual compounds can be used in the compositions of the invention to treat a particular insect infection.

The present description will now be further described by way of example by the following non-limiting examples.

Example (b):

preparation examples

A compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically or veterinarily acceptable salt thereof may be prepared by employing one of the following reaction schemes. The starting materials for their preparation may be commercially available or can be prepared by methods known to the person skilled in the art and described in the literature. It will be appreciated that one skilled in the art can modify the following procedures to prepare additional compounds of the invention. For example, one skilled in the art will appreciate that substitution of certain starting materials or the use of different intermediates will allow for the preparation of different compounds of formula (I).

List of abbreviations:

ACN acetonitrile

AIBN azobisisobutyronitrile

BINAP (2,2 '-bis (diphenylphosphino) -1, 1' -binaphthyl)

BSA bovine serum albumin

BOC tert-butyloxycarbonyl radical

BOP-Cl bis (2-oxo-3-oxazolidinyl) phosphoryl chloride

DAST diethylaminosulfur trifluoride

DCC N, N' -dicyclohexylcarbodiimide solution

DCM dichloromethane

DEAD azodicarboxylic acid diethyl ester

DIEA diisopropylethylamine

DMF N, N-dimethylformamide

DMAP 4- (dimethylamino) pyridine

DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide

EDAC N- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -N' -ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride

ES electrospray ionization

EtOAc or EA ethyl acetate

HATU 1- [ bis (dimethylamino) methylene ] -1H-1,2, 3-triazolo [4,5b ] pyridinium 3-oxide hexafluorophosphate

HOBt or HOBT 1-hydroxybenzotriazole

KHMDS potassium hexamethyldisilazide, more specifically potassium bis (trimethylsilyl) amide

MeOH methanol

m-CPBA m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid

NMO N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide

o/n overnight

PE Petroleum Ether

Pd (dtbpf) Cl2 dichloro [1, 1' -bis (di-tert-butylphosphino) ferrocene ] palladium (II)

Pd2dba3 Tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium (0)

Pd (dppf) Cl2 [1, 1' -bis (diphenylphosphino) ferrocene ] dichloropalladium (II) complexed with dichloromethane

TBAF tert-butylammonium fluoride

TfO triflate

THF tetrahydrofuran

TLC thin layer chromatography

The method described in scheme 5 can be used to prepare the following compounds:

026，027，028，029，083，090，092，098，099，100，101，102，102-1，123，124，125，126，127，128，129，130，218，219，302。

in certain cases for certain compounds, the method of scheme 5 can be modified according to methods known to those skilled in the art to introduce different functional groups into the core structure. For example, intermediates 026-E can be used to introduce a variable corresponding to R in the structure 1Different groups of (a). Similarly, intermediates 026-C can be used corresponding to variable R3Introducing different groups at the positions of (a) and (b).

Scheme 5

1. Synthesis of methyl 3-bromo-2- (2-ethoxy-2-oxoethoxy) benzoate

To a 100-mL round bottom flask was added methyl 3-bromo-2-hydroxybenzoate (5.0g, 21.6mmol, 1.0 equiv.), ethyl bromoacetate (3.6g, 21.6mmol, 1 equiv.), acetone (50mL), K2CO3(8.97g, 64.9mmol, 3.0 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at 60 ℃ overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled. The solid was filtered off. The resulting mixture was concentrated. The residue was applied to a silica gel column with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1/2). This gave 7g (crude) of methyl 3-bromo-2- (2-ethoxy-2-oxoethoxy) benzoate as a pale yellow solid.

2. Synthesis of 7-bromo-3-hydroxybenzofuran-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester

To a 50-mL round bottom flask was added methyl 3-bromo-2- (2-ethoxy-2-oxoethoxy) benzoate (5.0g, 15.7mmol, 1.0 eq.), CH3OH(20.0mL，315.3mmol)，CH3ONa (1.7g, 31.5mmol, 2.0 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at 60 ℃ for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. The resulting mixture was concentrated. The residue was applied to a silica gel column with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1/3). This gave 3.5g (81.9%) of methyl 7-bromo-3-hydroxy-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylate as a white solid.

3. Synthesis of methyl 7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -3-hydroxybenzofuran-2-carboxylate

To a 50-mL round bottom flask, flushed and maintained under an inert nitrogen atmosphere, was added methyl 7-bromo-3-hydroxy-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylate (1.50g, 5.53mmol, 1.00 eq.), 3, 5-dichlorophenyl substituted boronic acid (1.1g, 6.1mmol, 1.1 eq.), Pd (dtbpf) Cl2(180mg, 0.28mmol, 0.05 equiv.), H2O(2.0mL)，THF(8.0mL)，K3PO4(2.3g, 11.0mmol, 2.0 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature overnight. The resulting mixture was concentrated. The residue was applied to a silica gel column with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1/3). This gave 1g (53.6%) of methyl 7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -3-hydroxy-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylate as a white solid.

4. Synthesis of methyl 7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -3- (trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy) benzofuran-2-carboxylate

To a 50-mL 3-necked round bottom flask, flushed and maintained under an inert nitrogen atmosphere, was added 7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -3-hydroxy-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester (0.9g, 2.67mmol, 1.0 equiv.), TEA (0.5g, 5.3mmol, 2.0 equiv.), DCM (10.0mL) at 0 deg.C, to which was then added Tf2O (0.9g, 3.20mmol, 1.2 equiv.). The resulting solution is in the chamberStirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of 20mL of water. The resulting solution was extracted with 2 × 10mL dichloromethane and the organic layers were combined. The resulting mixture was washed with 1x10mL brine. The mixture was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. This gave 1.1g (87.8%) of methyl 7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -3- (trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy) -1-benzofuran-2-carboxylate as a yellow solid.

5. Synthesis of methyl 7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -3- (prop-1-en-2-yl) benzofuran-2-carboxylate

To a 50-mL round bottom flask, flushed and maintained under an inert nitrogen atmosphere, was added methyl 7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -3- (trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy) -1-benzofuran-2-carboxylate (1.10g, 2.34mmol, 1.0 eq), 4,4,5, 5-tetramethyl-2- (prop-1-en-2-yl) -1,3, 2-dioxaborolan (0.5g, 2.8mmol, 1.2 eq), Pd (bpdtf) Cl2(76.4mg, 0.12mmol, 0.05 eq.), H2O(2.0mL)，THF(8.0mL)，K3PO4(1.0g, 4.7mmol, 2.0 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The resulting mixture was concentrated. The residue was applied to a silica gel column with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1/8). This gave 400mg (47.2%) of methyl 7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -3- (prop-1-en-2-yl) -1-benzofuran-2-carboxylate as a white solid.

6. Synthesis of methyl 7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -3-isopropylbenzofuran-2-carboxylate

To a 50-mL round bottom flask was added methyl 7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -3- (prop-1-en-2-yl) -1-benzofuran-2-carboxylate (390mg, 1.1mmol, 1.0 equiv.), PtO2(37mg, 0.16mmol, 0.15 equiv.), EA (10mL), to which H was introduced2Gas (1 atm). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. The solid was filtered off. The resulting mixture was concentrated. This gave 370mg (94.4%) of 7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -3-isopropyl-1-benzofuro Pyran-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester, as a gray solid.

7. Synthesis of 7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -3-isopropylbenzofuran-2-carboxylic acid

To a 25-mL round bottom flask was added methyl 7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -3-isopropyl-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylate (350mg, 1.0mmol, 1.0 equiv.), NaOH (385mg, 9.6mmol, 10.0 equiv.), THF (1.0mL), MeOH (4.0mL), H2O (1.0 mL). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The resulting mixture was concentrated. The pH of the solution was adjusted to 4 by addition of aqueous HCl (1 mol/L). The solid was collected by filtration. This gave 300mg (89.2%) of 7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -3-isopropyl-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid as a white solid.

8. Synthesis of (S) -N- (chroman-4-yl) -7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -3-isopropylbenzofuran-2-carboxamide

To a 25-mL round bottom flask was added 7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -3-isopropyl-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid (150mg, 0.4mmol, 1.0 eq), (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-amine (76.9mg, 0.52mmol, 1.20 eq), HATU (196mg, 0.52mmol, 1.20 eq), DIEA (166.6mg, 1.3mmol, 3.0 eq), DCM (5 mL). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The resulting mixture was concentrated. The crude product was further purified by flash-prep-HPLC using the following conditions (intel flash-1): column, C18 silica gel; mobile phase, 0.05% FA/water and CH 3CN(40％CH3CN increased to 95% over 13 minutes); detector, UV 254&220 nm. This gave 120mg (58.2%) of 7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]-3-isopropyl-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide, as a white solid. (ES, m/z): 480[ M + H ]]+；1H-NMR(300MHz，CDCl3)：δ＝7.88(dd，J＝7.9，1.2Hz，1H)，7.66(d，J＝1.9Hz，2H)，7.51(dd，J＝7.5，1.2Hz，1H)，7.45-7.32(m，3H)，7.27-7.18(m，1H)，6.96(td，J＝7.5，1.2Hz，1H)，6.89(dd，J＝8.2，1.2Hz，1H)，6.80(d，J＝7.8Hz，1H)，5.48-5.31(m，1H)，4.47-4.19(m，3H)，2.51-2.33(m，1H)，2.28-2.13(m，1H)，1.53(dd，J＝7.1，2.1Hz，6H)ppm。

The following reaction can be used to prepare methyl 7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -3-morpholinobenzofuran-2-carboxylate, which can be converted according to scheme 5 to the corresponding R3An alternative compound having a morpholine group at the position of (a).

To a 50-mL round bottom flask, flushed and maintained under an inert nitrogen atmosphere, was added methyl 7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -3- (trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy) -1-benzofuran-2-carboxylate (500.0mg, 1.07mmol, 1.0 equiv.), morpholine (186mg, 2.1mmol, 2.0 equiv.), BINAP (133mg, 0.21mmol, 0.20 equiv.), Pd2(dba)3(97.6mg, 0.11mmol, 0.1 equiv.), Cs2CO3(0.69g, 2.13mmol, 2.0 equiv.), toluene (10 mL). The resulting solution was stirred at 90 ℃ overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of 20mL of water. The resulting solution was extracted with 2 × 15mL ethyl acetate, the organic layers were combined and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was applied to a silica gel column with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1/5). This gave 200mg (46.2%) of methyl 7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -3- (morpholin-4-yl) -1-benzofuran-2-carboxylate as a white solid.

The following compounds can be synthesized by employing scheme 6 below and the following reaction scheme:

119，120，122，199，202，204，205，207，210，212，212-0A，251，252，253，253-0A，254，256，258，259，259-5，260，261，262，263，263-8，285，300，301，309，310，311，319，336，337，338。

scheme 6:

1. synthesis of 4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -3-fluoropyridine

To a 1000-mL 3-necked round bottom flask, flushed and maintained under an inert nitrogen atmosphere, was added 3-fluoro-4-iodopyridine (30.0g, 134.5mmol, 1.0 equiv.), dioxane (20mL), 3, 5-difluorophenyl boronic acid (25.5g, 161.4mmol, 1.2 equiv.), Pd (dppf) Cl2(4.92g, 6.7mmol, 0.05 eq.), K2CO3(37.2g, 269.0mmol, 2.0 equiv.), H2O (4 mL). The resulting solution was stirred at ℃ for 2 hours. The resulting solution was concentrated under reduced pressure by extraction with 3 × 500mL ethyl acetate. The residue was applied to a silica gel column with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (0% to 30%). This gave 26g (92.4%) of 4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -3-fluoropyridine as a white solid.

2. Synthesis of 4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -3-fluoropyridine 1-oxide

To a 1000-mL round bottom flask was added 4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -3-fluoropyridine (26.0g, 124.3mmol, 1.0 equiv.), DCM (500mL), m-CPBA (42.9g, 248.6mmol, 2.0 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature over 1 night. The resulting mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was applied to a silica gel column with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (EA 0% -100%) -EA/MeOH (1/2). This gave 21g (75.0%) of 4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -3-fluoropyridin-1-ium-1-ol as a white solid.

3. Synthesis of 4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -3-fluoropicolinaitrile

To a 1000-mL round bottom flask flushed and maintained with an inert nitrogen atmosphere was added 4- (3, 5-bis)Fluorophenyl) -3-fluoropyridin-1-ium-1-ol salt (21.0g, 93.3mmol, 1.0 eq), CH3CN (500mL), TMSCN (23.1g, 233.2mmol, 2.5 equiv.), TEA (19.8g, 195.8mmol, 2.10 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at 80 ℃ overnight. The resulting mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was applied to a silica gel column with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (EA 0% to 30%). This gave 10g (45.8%) of 4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -3-fluoropyridine-2-carbonitrile as an off-white solid.

4. Synthesis of methyl 3-amino-7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxylate

To a 250-mL round bottom flask was added 4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -3-fluoropyridine-2-carbonitrile (6.0g, 25.6mmol, 1.0 equiv.), CH3CN (100mL), methyl thioglycolate (8.2g, 76.9mmol, 3.0 equiv.), K2CO3(10.6g, 76.86mmol, 3 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at 80 ℃ for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of 200mL of water. The solid was collected by filtration and washed with water (3 × 20 mL). This gives 6g (73.1%) of 3-amino-7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) thieno [3, 2-b%]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester, as a pale yellow solid.

5. Synthesis of methyl 3-bromo-7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxylate

To a 250-mL 3-necked round bottom flask purged and maintained with an inert argon atmosphere was added HBr (25.0mL), CuBr (705.4mg, 4.9mmol, 1.0 equiv.), 3-amino-7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-b ]]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester (1.5g, 4.7mmol, 1.0 equiv.). After which NaNO was added dropwise with stirring at 0 deg.C2(388mg, 5.6mmol, 1.2 equiv.) of H2O (5mL) solution. The resulting solution was stirred at 20 ℃ overnight. The reaction was poured into 200mL of ice water. The precipitate was collected by filtration. The solid was dissolved in 100mL of DCM and washed with 3 × 100mL brine. The mixture is in the absence ofDried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. This gave 1.5g (83.4%) of 3-bromo-7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) thieno [3, 2-b%]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester, as a pale yellow solid.

6. Synthesis of methyl 7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -3-vinylthieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxylate

To a 40-mL vial purged and maintained with an inert nitrogen atmosphere was added 3-bromo-7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester (500mg, 1.3mmol, 1.0 equiv.), THF (10mL), Potassium vinyltrifluoroborane (523mg, 3.9mmol, 3.0 equiv.), H2O(2mL)，Pd(PPh3)2Cl2(91.4mg, 0.1mmol, 0.1 equiv.), Cs2CO3(1.27g, 3.9mmol, 3.0 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at 80 ℃ overnight. The resulting mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was applied to a silica gel column with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (EA 0% to 30%). This gave 350mg (81.2%) of 7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -3-vinylthieno [3, 2-b% ]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester, as a yellow solid.

7. Synthesis of methyl 7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -3-formylthieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxylate

To a 100-mL round bottom flask was added K2OsO4.2H2O (200.2mg, 0.5mmol, 0.6 equiv.), acetone (10mL), H2O (10mL), NMO (636.4mg, 5.4mmol, 6.0 equiv.), NaIO4(1.2g, 5.4mmol, 6 equiv.), 7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -3-vinylthieno [3,2-b ]]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester (300mg, 0.90mmol, 1.00 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature overnight. The resulting solution was extracted with 3 × 20mL ethyl acetate and the organic layers were combined. The resulting mixture was washed with 3 × 20mL brine. The resulting mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was applied to a silica gel column with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (EA 0% to 30%). This is achieved170mg (56.3%) of 7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -3-formylthieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester, as a yellow solid.

8. Synthesis of methyl 3- (difluoromethyl) -7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxylate

To a 50-mL round bottom flask was added methyl 7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -3-formylthieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxylate (170mg, 0.5mmol, 1.0 equiv.), DCM (5mL), DAST (0.5mL, 0.001mmol, 0.04 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. The reaction was added dropwise to 30mL of water/ice. The resulting solution was extracted with 3 × 10mL dichloromethane and the organic layers were combined. The resulting mixture was washed with 3 × 20mL brine. The resulting mixture was concentrated. The residue was applied to silica gel Pre-TLC with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1/3). This gave 130mg (71.7%) of methyl 3- (difluoromethyl) -7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxylate as a white solid.

9. Synthesis of 3- (difluoromethyl) -7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxylic acid

To a 25-mL round bottom flask was added 3- (difluoromethyl) -7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester (110mg, 0.3mmol, 1.0 equiv.), iso-PrOH (2.0mL, 0.1mmol), NaOH (200mg, 5.0mmol, 16.1 equiv.), H2O (2.0mL, 0.3 mmol). The resulting solution was stirred at 60 ℃ for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. The pH of the solution was adjusted to 5 by addition of aqueous HCl (2 mol/L). The resulting solution was extracted with 3 × 10mL of ethyl acetate and the organic layers were combined. The resulting mixture was washed with 3x10mL brine. The mixture was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. This gave 100mg (94.6%) of 3- (difluoromethyl) -7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid, as a white solid.

10. Synthesis of 3- (difluoromethyl) -7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] thieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxamide

To a 50-mL round bottom flask was added 3- (difluoromethyl) -7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (80mg, 0.2mmol, 1.0 equiv.), DMF (3mL), (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-amine (70mg, 0.5mmol, 2.0 equiv.), DIEA (91mg, 0.7mmol, 3.0 equiv.), HATU (133.7mg, 0.3mmol, 1.5 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. Residue was taken up with 0.05% FA/H 2O and CH3CN(40％CH3CN to 80%, over 10 minutes) was applied to a C18 column. This gave 82.4mg (74.4%) of 3- (difluoromethyl) -7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]Thieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxamide, is an off-white solid. (ES, m/z): 479[ M + H ]]+；1H-NMR(300MHz，CDCl3)：δ＝8.88(d，J＝4.8Hz，1H)，7.63(t，J＝54.9Hz，1H)，7.45(d，J＝8.0Hz，1H)，7.39-7.19(m，5H)，7.15(d，J＝8.0Hz，1H)，7.09-6.86(m，3H)，5.40(q，J＝5.9Hz，1H)，4.39-4.22(m，2H)，2.43-2.24(m，2H)ppm。

Compounds 199-0 and 311-1 can be prepared according to the methods described in scheme 7 below and the following procedures:

scheme 7

Synthesis of ethyl 3-acetyl-7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxylate

To a 40-mL vial purged and maintained with an inert nitrogen atmosphere was added 3-bromo-7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid ethyl esterEster (1.0g, 2.5mmol, 1.0 equiv.), dioxane (20mL), tributyl (1-ethoxyvinyl) stannane (2.7g, 7.5mmol, 3.0 equiv.), Pd (PPh)3)4(290.2mg, 0.2mmol, 0.1 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at 115 ℃ overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of aqueous HCl (10mL, 2 mol/L). The resulting solution was concentrated under reduced pressure by extraction with 3 × 20mL ethyl acetate. The residue was applied to a silica gel column with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (10% to 30%). This gave 800mg (88.2%) of 3-acetyl-7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-b ]]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester, as a pale yellow solid.

Synthesis of 3-acetyl-7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxylic acid

To a 25-mL round bottom flask was added 3-acetyl-7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (300mg, 0.8mmol, 1.0 equiv.), iso-PrOH (10mL, 0.2mmol, 0.2 equiv.), H2O (10mL), NaOH (300mg, 7.5mmol, 9.0 equiv). The resulting solution was stirred at 60 ℃ for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. The pH of the solution was adjusted to 5 by addition of aqueous HCl (2 mol/L). The resulting solution was extracted with 3 × 20mL ethyl acetate. The resulting mixture was washed with 3 × 20mL brine. The mixture was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. This gave 270mg (97.6%) of 3-acetyl-7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) thieno [3, 2-b%]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid, as a yellow oil.

Synthesis of 3-acetyl-7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] thieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxamide

To a 25-mL round bottom flask was added 3-acetyl-7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (270mg, 0.81mmol, 1.00 equiv.), DMF (5mL), (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-amine(242mg, 1.62mmol, 2.00 equiv.), DIEA (314mg, 2.4mmol, 3.0 equiv.), HATU (462mg, 1.2mmol, 1.5 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. Residue was taken up with 0.05% FA/H 2O and CH3CN(40％CH3CN to 90% over 10 minutes) was applied to a C18 column. This gave 180mg (47.8%) of 3-acetyl-7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]Thieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxamide, as a white solid.

Synthesis of 7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] -3- (2-hydroxypropan-2-yl) thieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxamide

To a 40-mL vial rinsed and held under an inert nitrogen atmosphere was added 3-acetyl-7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]Thieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxamide (160mg, 0.3mmol, 1.0 equiv), DCM (10 mL). Thereafter AlMe was added dropwise with stirring at 0 ℃3(0.2mL, 1.7mmol, 5.0 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at 0-10 ℃ for 1 hour. The reaction was added dropwise to 20mL of ice water. The resulting solution was extracted with 3 × 10mL dichloromethane and the organic layers were combined. The resulting mixture was washed with 3 × 20mL brine. The resulting mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was applied to a silica gel column with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1/2). This gave 35.3mg (21.3%) of 7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]-3- (2-hydroxyprop-2-yl) thieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxamide, as a pale yellow solid. (ES, m/z): 447[ M + H ]+；1H-NMR(300MHz，CDCl3)：δ＝8.79(d，J＝4.8Hz，1H)，7.35-7.20(m，5H)，7.06-6.92(m，2H)，6.88(dd，J＝8.3，1.2Hz，1H)，6.60(d，J＝7.4Hz，1H)，6.16(s，1H)，5.33(q，J＝5.5Hz，1H)，4.38-4.32(m，1H)，4.25-4.17(m，1H)，2.46-2.16(m，2H)，1.89(d，J＝4.2Hz，6H)ppm。

Synthesis of 7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] -3- (2-fluoroprop-2-yl) thieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxamide

To an 8-mL vial was added 7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]-3- (2-hydroxyprop-2-yl) thieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxamide (108mg, 0.2mmol, 1.0 equiv), DCM (3 mL). DAST (72.5mg, 0.4mmol, 2.0 equiv.) was then added dropwise with stirring at 0 ℃. The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of 3mL of water. The resulting solution was extracted with 3 × 5mL dichloromethane and the organic layers were combined and concentrated. The crude product was purified by preparative-HPLC. This gave 23.1mg (21.3%) of 7- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]-3- (2-fluoroprop-2-yl) thieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxamide, as a yellow solid. (ES, m/z): 483[ M + H]+；1H-NMR(300MHz，DMSO-d6)：δ＝9.08(d，J＝8.2Hz，1H)，8.87(d，J＝4.8Hz，1H)，7.66-7.46(m，4H)，7.28(d，J＝7.6Hz，1H)，7.21-7.11(m，1H)，6.90(td，J＝7.5，1.3Hz，1H)，6.78(dd，J＝8.2，1.2Hz，1H)，5.24-5.13(m，1H)，4.29-4.17(m，2H)，2.24-2.03(m，2H)，1.98(d，J＝9.9Hz，3H)，1.90(d，J＝9.8Hz，3H)ppm。

Compound 030 can be prepared according to the method described in scheme 8 below and the following procedure:

scheme 8

1. Synthesis of 7-methoxy-1-benzofuran-2-carbonitrile

To a 500-mL round bottom flask was added O-vanillin (50.0g, 328.6mmol, 1.0 equiv.), chloroacetonitrile (29.7g, 394.3mmol, 1.2 equiv.), K2CO3(49.9g, 361.5mmol, 1.1 equiv.), DMF (530 mL). The resulting solution was stirred in an oil bath for 1 hour at 150 ℃. Then, additional K is added 2CO3(49.9g, 361.5mmol, 1.1 eq.) and stirred for 20 min. The reaction is then carried out by adding 530mL water quench. The resulting solution was extracted with 3 × 500mL ethyl acetate, and the organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was applied to a silica gel column with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1: 10). This gave 14g (24.6%) of 7-methoxy-1-benzofuran-2-carbonitrile as a white solid.

2. Synthesis of 4-acetyl-7-hydroxy-1-benzofuran-2-carbonitrile

To a 100-mL round bottom flask was added 7-methoxy-1-benzofuran-2-carbonitrile (14.0g, 80.8mmol, 1.00 eq.), acetyl chloride (19.0g, 242.5mmol, 3.0 eq.), DCM (300 mL). Then adding AlCl in batches at 0 DEG C3(43.1g, 323.3mmol, 4.0 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature over 1 night. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of 500mL of water/ice. The resulting solution was extracted with 3 × 400mL ethyl acetate, and the organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was applied to a silica gel column with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1: 10). This gave 9g (51.7%) of 4-acetyl-7-methoxy-1-benzofuran-2-carbonitrile as a white solid.

3. Synthesis of 7-methoxy-4- (prop-1-en-2-yl) -1-benzofuran-2-carbonitrile

To a 250-mL 3-necked round bottom flask, flushed and maintained with an inert nitrogen atmosphere, was added methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide (7.9g, 22.3mmol, 1.2 equivalents) and THF (50 mL). Thereafter n-BuLi/hexane (12.6mL, 31.6mmol, 1.7 equiv.) was added dropwise with stirring at 0 ℃. The resulting solution was stirred at 0 ℃ for 30 minutes. 4-acetyl-7-methoxy-1-benzofuran-2-carbonitrile (4.0g, 18.5mmol, 1.0 equiv.) was added dropwise thereto with stirring at-78 ℃. The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of 50mL of water. The resulting solution was extracted with 3 × 50mL ethyl acetate. The organic phase was washed with 2x50mL brine. The mixture was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was applied to a silica gel column and eluted with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1: 20). This gave 1.6g (40.3%) of 7-methoxy-4- (prop-1-en-2-yl) -1-benzofuran-2-carbonitrile as a white solid.

4. Synthesis of 7-methoxy-4- (prop-1-en-2-yl) -1-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid

To a 100-mL round bottom flask were added 7-methoxy-4- (prop-1-en-2-yl) -1-benzofuran-2-carbonitrile (1.6g, 7.5mmol, 1.0 eq.) and aqueous NaOH (10M) (50.0 mL). The resulting solution was stirred in an oil bath at 100 ℃ for 1.5 hours. The pH of the solution was adjusted to 3-4 with aqueous HCl (6M). The solid was collected by filtration. This gave 1.4g (80.3%) of 7-methoxy-4- (prop-1-en-2-yl) -1-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid as a white solid.

5. Synthesis of 4-isopropyl-7-methoxy-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid

To a 250-mL round bottom flask was added 7-methoxy-4- (prop-1-en-2-yl) -1-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid (2.2g, 9.4mmol, 1.0 eq), EA (50.0mL), PtO2(0.4g, 1.8mmol, 0.2 equiv.) of hydrogen was introduced into the above2(g) In that respect The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The solid was filtered off. The resulting mixture was concentrated. This gives 2.2g (99.1%) of 4-isopropyl-7-methoxy-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid as a yellow solid.

6. Synthesis of 7-hydroxy-4-isopropyl-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid

To a 250-mL round bottom flask, flushed and maintained with an inert nitrogen atmosphere, was added 4-isopropyl-7-methoxy-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid (500.0mg, 2.1mmol, 1.0 equiv.), DCM (50 mL). Thereafter BBr was added dropwise with stirring at-70 deg.C 3(10.6mL, 10.6mmol, 5.0 equiv.)). The resulting solution was stirred at 5 ℃ for 4 hours. The reaction is then carried out by adding NH4Cl (aq.50mL) was quenched. The resulting solution was concentrated by extraction with 3 × 50mL of DCM. This gave 500mg (crude) of 7-hydroxy-4-isopropyl-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid as a colorless oil.

7. Synthesis of N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] -7-hydroxy-4-isopropyl-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide

To a 100-mL round bottom flask was added 7-hydroxy-4-isopropyl-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid (500.00mg, 2.270mmol, 1.00 equiv), (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-amine (508.1mg, 3.4mmol, 1.5 equiv), HATU (1726.5mg, 4.5mmol, 2.0 equiv), DIEA (880.3mg, 6.8mmol, 3.0 equiv), DCM (20.0 mL). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of 20mL of water. The resulting solution was extracted with 3 × 30mL of DCM and the organic layer was concentrated. The residue was applied to a silica gel column with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1: 5). This gave 250mg (31.3%) of N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] -7-hydroxy-4-isopropyl-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide as a colorless oil.

8. Synthesis of 2- [ [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] carbamoyl ] -4-isopropyl-1-benzofuran-7-yl trifluoromethanesulfonate

To a 50-mL 3-necked round bottom flask, flushed and maintained with an inert nitrogen atmosphere, was added N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]-7-hydroxy-4-isopropyl-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide (240.0mg, 0.6mmol, 1.0equiv), DCM (10.0mL), TEA (138.2mg, 1.3mmol, 2.0 equiv). After this time Tf was added dropwise with stirring at-70 deg.C2O (231.2mg, 0.8mmol, 1.2 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The reaction was then quenched by addition of 20mL of NH4Cl (aq.) quench. The resulting solution was extracted with 3 × 20mL dichloromethane, havingThe organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. This gave 290mg (87.8%) of 2- [ [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]Carbamoyl radical]-4-isopropyl-1-benzofuran-7-yl trifluoromethanesulfonate as a colorless oil.

9. Synthesis of 7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] -4-isopropyl-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide

To a 50-mL round bottom flask, flushed and maintained with an inert nitrogen atmosphere, was added 2- [ [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]Carbamoyl radical]-4-isopropyl-1-benzofuran-7-yl trifluoromethanesulfonate (280.0mg, 0.5mmol, 1.0 equiv.), 3, 5-dichlorophenyl boronic acid (143.6mg, 0.7mmol, 1.3 equiv.), Pd (dtbpf) Cl 2(37.7mg, 0.058mmol, 0.1 equiv.), K3PO4(245.8mg, 1.1mmol, 2.0 equiv.), THF (12.00mL), and water (3.00 mL). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. The resulting solution was diluted with 20mL of water. The resulting solution was extracted with 3 × 20mL ethyl acetate, and the organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The crude product was purified by preparative-HPLC using the following conditions (Waters-2767): column, X-bridge RP18, 5um, 19X 100 mm; mobile phase, 0.03% ammonia/water and CH3CN(50％CH3CN to 80% in 13 minutes); detector, UV 254 nm. This gave 87mg (31.27%) of 7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]-4-isopropyl-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide, as a white solid. (ES, m/z): 480[ M + H ]]+；1H-NMR(300MHz，DMSO-d6)：δ＝9.08(d，J＝8.2Hz，1H)，8.05-7.87(m，3H)，7.72(d，J＝7.8Hz，1H)，7.67(t，J＝1.9Hz，1H)，7.31(d，J＝7.9Hz，1H)，7.28-7.14(m，2H)，6.96-6.87(m，1H)，6.86-6.79(m，1H)，5.28(q，J＝6.7Hz，1H)，4.30(dt，J＝6.7，3.8Hz，2H)，2.25-1.97(m，2H)，1.35(d，J＝6.9Hz，6H)ppm。

Compounds 264 and 264-0A can be prepared according to scheme 9 below and the procedures detailed below:

scheme 9

Exemplary procedure for compounds 264 and 264-0A:

1. synthesis of (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) acetyl chloride

To a 1-L round bottom flask was added (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) acetic acid (20.00g, 97.547mmol, 1.0 equiv.), toluene (120.0mL), thionyl chloride (50.0g, 420.3mmol, 4.3 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at 110 ℃ for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. The resulting mixture was concentrated in vacuo. This gave 19g (crude) of (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) acetyl chloride as a yellow oil.

2. Synthesis of 1-bromo-3- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) propan-2-one

To a 2-L3-necked round bottom flask, flushed and maintained with an inert nitrogen atmosphere, was added (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) acetyl chloride (20g, 89.4mmol, 1.0 eq), ACN (400.0 mL). Thereafter TMSCHN was added dropwise with stirring at 0 deg.C2(83mL, 116.3mmol, 2.0 equiv., 2M). The resulting solution was stirred at 0 ℃ for 1 hour. HBr (40.0mL, 547.7mmol, 6.1 equiv., 40%) was added dropwise thereto with stirring at 0 ℃. The resulting solution was allowed to stir at room temperature for an additional 2 hours. The resulting mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The resulting solution was diluted with 200mL of ethyl acetate and the resulting mixture was washed with 3x200mL water. The mixture was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was applied to a silica gel column with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1: 5). This gave 19g (crude) of 1-bromo-3- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) propan-2-one as a yellow oil. MS (ESI, m/z): 281[ M + H]+。

3. Synthesis of 4- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -3-oxobutanenitrile

To a 500-mL round bottom flask was added 1-bromo-3- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) propan-2-one (22.0g, 78.0mmol, 1.0 equiv.), MeOH (120.0mL), KCN (10.0g, 153.5mmol, 1.9 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of 200mL of water. The resulting solution was extracted with 3 × 200mL of ethyl acetate and the organic layers were combined and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. This gives 5g (28.1%) of 4- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -3-oxobutanenitrile as an off-white solid. MS (ESI, m/z): 228[ M + H ]+。

4. Synthesis of 5- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -4-hydroxypyridine-3-carbonitrile

To a 250-mL round bottom flask, flushed and maintained under an inert nitrogen atmosphere, was added 4- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -3-oxobutanenitrile (2.0g, 8.7mmol, 1.0 equiv), (dimethoxymethyl) dimethylamine (5.2g, 43.9mmol, 5.0 equiv). The resulting solution was stirred at 122 ℃ for 1 hour. Thereafter adding CH3COONH4(5.0g, 64.9mmol, 7.4 equiv.) and AcOH (50.0 mL). The resulting solution was allowed to stir at 80 ℃ for an additional 1 hour. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. The resulting mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was applied to a silica gel column with MeOH/DCM (1: 10). This gives 1.6g (68.8%) of 5- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -4-hydroxypyridine-3-carbonitrile as a yellow solid. MS (ESI, m/z): 265[ M + H]+。

5. Synthesis of 4-chloro-5- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) pyridine-3-carbonitrile

To a 250-mL round bottom flask, flushed and maintained under an inert nitrogen atmosphere, was added 5- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -4-hydroxypyridine-3-carbonitrile (1.6g, 6.0mmol, 1.0Equivalent) and POCl3(20.00 mL). The resulting solution was stirred at 100 ℃ for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. The resulting mixture was concentrated in vacuo. This gave 1.6g (93.5%) of 4-chloro-5- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) pyridine-3-carbonitrile as a brown oil. MS (ESI, m/z): 283[ M + H ]+。

6. Synthesis of 3-amino-7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) thieno [3,2-c ] pyridine-2-carboxylate

To a 250-mL round bottom flask, flushed and maintained under an inert nitrogen atmosphere, was added 4-chloro-5- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) pyridine-3-carbonitrile (1.6g, 5.6mmol, 1.0 equiv.), ethyl thioglycolate (1.0g, 8.5mmol, 1.5 equiv.), acetonitrile (20.0mL), and triethylamine (2.0g, 19.7mmol, 3.5 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The resulting mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The resulting solution was diluted with 100mL of ethyl acetate and the solid collected by filtration. This gave 660mg (31.8%) of 3-amino-7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) thieno [3,2-c]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester, as a yellow solid. MS (ESI, m/z): 367[ M + H]+。

7. Synthesis of 3-bromo-7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) thieno [3,2-c ] pyridine-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester

To a 100-mL round bottom flask was added 3-amino-7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) thieno [3,2-c]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (300.0mg, 0.8mmol, 1.0 equiv.), acetonitrile (10.0mL), and HBr (10.0 mL). Thereafter, CuBr was added at 0 deg.C2(365.6mg, 1.6mmol, 2.0 equiv.). Adding NaNO thereto at 0 deg.C2(85.0mg, 1.2mmol, 1.5 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of 100mL of 1M HCl. The resulting solution was extracted with 3 × 200mL of ethyl acetate and the organic layers were combined and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was applied to a silica gel column and eluted with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1: 2). This gives 400mg (crude) 3-bromo-7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) thieno [3,2-c]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester, as a yellow solid. MS (ESI, m/z): 430[ M + H ]]+。

8. Synthesis of ethyl 7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -3- (1-ethoxyvinyl) thieno [3,2-c ] pyridine-2-carboxylate

To a 20-mL vial flushed and maintained with an inert nitrogen atmosphere was added 3-bromo-7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) thieno [3,2-c]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (550.0mg, 1.2mmol, 1.0 equiv.), tributyl (1-ethoxyvinyl) stannane (1.4g, 3.8mmol, 3.0 equiv.), dioxane (10.0mL), and Pd (PPh)3)4(148.0mg, 0.1mmol, 0.1 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at 100 ℃ for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was applied to a silica gel column and eluted with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1: 3). This gave 540mg (crude) of 7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -3- (1-ethoxyvinyl) thieno [3,2-c]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester, as a yellow solid. MS (ESI, m/z): 422[ M + H]+。

9. Synthesis of 3-acetyl-7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) thieno [3,2-c ] pyridine-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester

To a 50-mL round bottom flask was added 7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -3- (1-ethoxyvinyl) thieno [3,2-c]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (530.0mg, 1.2mmol, 1.0 equiv.), THF (6.00mL), and HCl (0.2mL, 12M). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. The resulting mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The reaction was then quenched by addition of 50mL of 2M NaHCO 3The aqueous solution was quenched. The resulting solution was extracted with 3 × 50mL of ethyl acetate and the organic layers were combined and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo. This gives 500mg (crude) of 3-acetyl-7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) thieno [3,2-c]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester, as a yellow solid. MS (ESI, m/z): 394[ M + H]+。

10. Synthesis of 3-acetyl-7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) thieno [3,2-c ] pyridine-2-carboxylic acid

To a 40-mL vial was added 3-acetyl-7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) thieno [3,2-c]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (500.0mg, 1.2mmol, 1.0 equiv.), THF (5.0mL), water (5.0mL), and LiOH. H2O (160.0mg, 3.8mmol, 3.0 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The pH of the solution was adjusted to 3 with aqueous HCl (1M). The resulting solution was extracted with 3 × 20mL of ethyl acetate and the organic layers were combined and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. This gave 330mg (71.0%) of 3-acetyl-7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) thieno [3,2-c]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid, as a white solid. MS (ESI, m/z): 366[ M + H]+。

11. Synthesis of 3-acetyl-7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] thieno [3,2-c ] pyridine-2-carboxamide

To a 50-mL round bottom flask was added 3-acetyl-7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) thieno [3,2-c ]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (330.0mg, 0.9mmol, 1.0 equiv), (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-amine (202.0mg, 1.3mmol, 1.5 equiv), DMF (3.00mL), HATU (687.0mg, 1.8mmol, 2.0 equiv), DIEA (350.0mg, 2.7mmol, 3.0 equiv). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The crude product was purified by flash-prep-HPLC using the following conditions (intel flash-1): c18(ii) a Mobile phase, CH3CN：H2O20% increases to CH in 20 minutes3CN：H2And O is 90 percent. This gave 320mg (71.4%) of 3-acetyl-7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]Thieno [3,2-c]Pyridine-2-carboxamide, as a yellow solid. MS (ESI, m/z): 497[ M + H]+。

12. Synthesis of 7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] -3- (2-hydroxypropan-2-yl) thieno [3,2-c ] pyridine-2-carboxamide

To a 50-mL round-bottom flask flushed and held with an inert nitrogen atmosphere was added AlMe3(5mL, 2M in hexanes). Thereafter 3-acetyl-7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl is added at 0 DEG C]Thieno [3,2-c]Pyridine-2-carboxamide (140.0mg, 0.2mmol, 1.0 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The pH of the solution was adjusted to 2 with aqueous HCl (3M). The resulting solution was extracted with 3 × 20mL ethyl acetate, the organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by flash-prep-HPLC using the following conditions (intel flash-1): column, C 18Silica gel; mobile phase, CH3CN：H2O20% increases to CH in 20 minutes3CN：H2And O is 50 percent. This gave 5.4mg (3.7%) of 7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]-3- (2-hydroxyprop-2-yl) thieno [3,2-c]Pyridine-2-carboxamide, as a white solid. MS (ESI, m/z): 513[ M + H]+；1H-NMR(300MHz，CDCl3)：δ＝9.58(s，1H)，9.40(d，J＝7.8Hz，1H)，8.45(s，1H)，7.71(s，3H)，7.20-7.13(m，2H)，6.90-6.86(m,1H)，6.76(d，J＝9.0Hz，1H)，5.14-5.13(d，J＝1.8Hz，1H)，4.18(s，2H)，2.11-2.10(m，1H)，2.00-1.95(m，1H)，1.68(s，6H)ppm。

13. Synthesis of 7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] -3- (2-fluoroprop-2-yl) thieno [3,2-c ] pyridine-2-carboxamide

To a 50-mL round bottom flask, flushed and maintained with an inert nitrogen atmosphere, was added 7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]-3- (2-hydroxypropane-2)-yl) thieno [3,2-c]Pyridine-2-carboxamide (35.0mg, 0.06mmol, 1.0 equiv.), DCM (5.0mL), DAST (21.0mg, 0.1mmol, 1.9 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of 5mL of water. The resulting solution was extracted with 3 × 5mL dichloromethane and the organic layers were combined and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by flash-prep-HPLC using the following conditions (intel flash-1): column, C18Silica gel; mobile phase, CH3CN：H2O45% increases to CH in 20 minutes3CN：H2And O is 65 percent. This gave 22.7mg (64.6%) of 7- (3, 5-dichlorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ]-3- (2-fluoroprop-2-yl) thieno [3,2-c]Pyridine-2-carboxamide, as a white solid. MS (ESI, m/z): 515[ M + H]+；1H-NMR(300MHz，CDCl3)：δ＝9.37(s，1H)，8.50(s，1H)，7.54-7.50(m，3H)，7.31(s，1H)，7.23(d，J＝7.4Hz，1H)，6.99-6.90(m，1H)，6.89(d，J＝8.2Hz，1H)，6.31(d，J＝7.5Hz，1H)，5.33-5.25(m，1H)，4.39-4.32(m，1H)，4.25-4.17(m，1H)，2.37-2.34(m，1H)，2.27-2.22(m，1H)，2.07(d，J＝7.1Hz，3H)，1.99(d，J＝7.1Hz，3H)ppm。

The following compounds can be prepared according to scheme 10 below and the procedures detailed below:

121，226-3，215，227，224，225，228，225-0A，230，226，234。

scheme 10

Exemplary procedure for compound 226-3:

1. synthesis of 3-chloro-4-methoxypyridine

To a 1000-mL round bottom flask was added 3-chloro-4-nitropyridine (30.00g, 189.2mmol, 1.0 eq.), MeOH (400.0mL), CH3ONa(56.7mL, 5mol/L, 1.50 equiv). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The resulting mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in 500mL of EA. The resulting mixture was washed with 3x500mL brine. The mixture was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. This gave 25g (92.0%) of 3-chloro-4-methoxypyridine as a yellow oil.

2. Synthesis of 3-chloro-4-methoxypyridin-1-ium-1-ol salt

To a 1000-mL round bottom flask was added 3-chloro-4-methoxypyridine (25.00g, 174.131mmol, 1.00 equiv.), DCM (500.0mL), m-CPBA (60.1g, 348.2mmol, 2.0 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The resulting mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was applied to a silica gel column with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (EA 0% -100%) -EA/MeOH (1/2). This gives 30g (crude) of 3-chloro-4-methoxypyridin-1-ium-1-ol salt as an off-white solid.

3. Synthesis of 3-chloro-4-methoxypyridine-2-carbonitrile

To a 1000-mL round bottom flask was added 3-chloro-4-methoxypyridin-1-ium-1-alkoxide (30.00g, 188.0mmol, 1.0 eq.), CH3CN (600.0mL), TMSCN (46.6g, 470.0mmol, 2.5 equiv.), TEA (39.95g, 394.8mmol, 2.1 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at 80 ℃ for 6 hours. The resulting mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. This gave 35g (crude) of 3-chloro-4-methoxypyridine-2-carbonitrile as a brown solid.

4. Synthesis of 3-amino-7-methoxythieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester

To a 500-mL round bottom flask was added 3-chloro-4-methoxypyridine-2-carbonitrile (16.00g, 94.9mmol, 1.0 eq.)，CH3CN (300.0mL), methyl thioglycolate (40.30g, 379.6mmol, 4.0 equiv.), K2CO3(52.47g, 379.6mmol, 4.0 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at 80 ℃ overnight. The resulting mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was applied to a silica gel column with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (EA 0% to 70%). This gave 2.7g (11.9%) of 3-amino-7-methoxythieno [3,2-b ]]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester, as a yellow solid.

5. Synthesis of 3- (dimethylamino) -7-methoxythieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester

To a 250-mL round bottom flask was added 3-amino-7-methoxythieno [3,2-b ]]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester (1.00g, 4.1mmol, 1.0 equiv.), HOAc (40.0mL), HCHO (1260.2mg, 41.9mmol, 10.0 equiv.), NaBH 3CN (2637.5mg, 41.9mmol, 10.0 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at 35 ℃ for 3 hours. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of 50mL of water. The resulting solution was extracted with 3x50mL ethyl acetate and the organic layers were combined. The resulting mixture was purified with 3X100mL NaHCO3(aq.) and 3x100mL saline wash. The resulting mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was applied to a silica gel column with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (EA 0% to 50%). This gives 1.1g (98.4%) of 3- (dimethylamino) -7-methoxythieno [3,2-b ]]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester, as a pale yellow solid.

6. Synthesis of 3- (dimethylamino) -7-methoxythieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxylic acid

To a 100-mL round bottom flask was added 3- (dimethylamino) -7-methoxythieno [3,2-b ]]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester (130.0mg, 0.4mmol, 1.0 equiv.), THF (3.0mL), NaOH (130.00mg, 3.2mmol, 6.6 equiv.), H2O (3.0 mL). The resulting solution was stirred at 55 ℃ for 3 hours. The resulting mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. This gives 150mg (crude) of 3- (dimethylamino) -7-methoxythieno[3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid, as a yellow solid.

7. Synthesis of N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] -3- (dimethylamino) -7-methoxythieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxamide

To a 100-mL round bottom flask was added 3- (dimethylamino) -7-methoxythieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (900.0mg, 3.5mmol, 1.0 equiv.), DMF (20.0mL), (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-amine (532.2mg, 3.5mmol, 1.0 equiv.), DIEA (1383.1mg, 10.7mmol, 3.0 equiv.), HATU (2034.60mg, 5.3mmol, 1.5 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of 20mL of water. The resulting solution was extracted with 3 × 20mL ethyl acetate and the organic layers were combined. The resulting mixture was washed with 3 × 20mL brine. The resulting mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was applied to a silica gel column with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (0% to 50%). This gave 530mg (38.7%) of N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] -3- (dimethylamino) -7-methoxythieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxamide as a yellow semisolid.

8. Synthesis of N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] -3- (dimethylamino) -7-hydroxythieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxamide

Adding N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl to a 40-mL vial]-3- (dimethylamino) -7-methoxythieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxamide (500.0mg, 1.3mmol, 1.0 equiv.), DMF (10.0mL, 0.014mmol), LiCl (300.1mg, 7.0mmol, 5.4 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at 140 ℃ for 6 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. The residue was combined with 0.05% TFA/H2O and CH3CN(20％CH3CN to 60% over 12 minutes) was applied to a silica C18 column. This gave 200mg (41.5%) of N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]-3- (dimethylamino)) -7-hydroxythieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxamide, as a pale yellow solid.

9. Synthesis of 2- [ [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] carbamoyl ] -3- (dimethylamino) thieno [3,2-b ] pyridin-7-yl trifluoromethanesulfonate

To a 50-mL 3-necked round bottom flask, flushed and maintained with an inert nitrogen atmosphere, was added N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]-3- (dimethylamino) -7-hydroxythieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxamide (180.0mg, 0.4mmol, 1.0 equiv.), DCM (5.0mL), TEA (493.0mg, 4.8mmol, 10.0 equiv.), Tf 2O (687.3mg, 2.4mmol, 5.0 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at 10 ℃ for 2 hours. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of 10mL of water. The resulting solution was extracted with 3 × 10mL of ethyl acetate and the organic layers were combined. The resulting mixture was washed with 3 × 20mL brine. The resulting mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was applied to silica gel Pre-TLC with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1/3). This gave 150mg (61.3%) of 2- [ [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]Carbamoyl radical]-3- (dimethylamino) thieno [3,2-b]Pyridin-7-yl triflate was a yellow oil.

10. Synthesis of N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] -3- (dimethylamino) -7- (1-ethoxyvinyl) thieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxamide

To a 50-mL round bottom flask, flushed and maintained with an inert nitrogen atmosphere, was added toluene (20.0mL), 2- [ [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]Carbamoyl radical]-3- (dimethylamino) thieno [3,2-b]Pyridin-7-yl triflate (500.0mg, 1.0mmol, 1.0 equiv.), tributyl (1-ethoxyvinyl) stannane (1g, 2.7mmol, 2.7 equiv.), Pd (dppf) Cl2(160.00mg, 0.2mmol, 0.2 equiv.), K2CO3(250.0mg, 1.8mmol, 1.8 equiv.). The resulting solutionStirring was carried out at 100 ℃ for 2 hours. The resulting mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was applied to a silica gel column with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1: 4). This gave 350mg (82.8%) of N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ]-3- (dimethylamino) -7- (1-ethoxyvinyl) thieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxamide, is a brown solid.

11. Synthesis of 7-acetyl-N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] -3- (dimethylamino) thieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxamide

To a 50-mL round bottom flask was added THF (5.0mL), N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]-3- (dimethylamino) -7- (1-ethoxyvinyl) thieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxamide (350.0mg, 0.8mmol, 1.0 equiv.), HCl (6M) (5.0 mL). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The reaction was then quenched by addition of 10mL of water. The resulting solution was extracted with 3 × 20mL ethyl acetate, the organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was applied to a silica gel column with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1: 3). This gave 180mg (55.0%) of 7-acetyl-N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]-3- (dimethylamino) thieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxamide, as a yellow solid.1H-NMR(300MHz，CD3OD)：δ＝8.96(d，J＝4.7Hz，1H)，8.04(d，J＝4.8Hz，1H)，7.37-7.32(m，1H)，7.28-7.16(m，1H)，6.97-6.91(m，1H)，6.86(dd，J＝8.2，1.2Hz，1H)，5.31(t，J＝5.6Hz，1H)，4.39-4.32(m，1H)，4.27-4.22(m，1H)，2.99(s，6H)，2.80(s，3H)，2.39-2.33(m，1H)，2.21-2.16(m，1H)ppm。

12. Synthesis of N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] -3- (dimethylamino) -7- (2-hydroxy-4-methylpent-3-en-2-yl) thieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxamide

To a 50-mL 3-necked round bottom flask was added THF (5.0mL), 7-acetyl-N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] -3- (dimethylamino) thieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxamide (300.0mg, 0.7mmol, 1.0 equiv.). Thereafter, bromine (2-methylprop-1-en-1-yl) magnesium (1.0mL, 0.006mmol, 0.01 equiv.) was added dropwise with stirring at 0 ℃. The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of water/ice. The resulting solution was extracted with 3 × 20mL ethyl acetate, the organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was applied to a silica gel column with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1: 4). This gave 150mg (43.7%) of N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] -3- (dimethylamino) -7- (2-hydroxy-4-methylpent-3-en-2-yl) thieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxamide as a yellow solid.

13. Synthesis of N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] -3- (dimethylamino) -7- (2-hydroxy-4-methylpentan-2-yl) thieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxamide

To a 50-mL round bottom flask was added EtOH (5.0mL), N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]-3- (dimethylamino) -7- (2-hydroxy-4-methylpent-3-en-2-yl) thieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxamide (150.0mg, 0.3mmol, 1.0 equiv.), Pd/C (30.0mg, 0.2mmol, 0.8 equiv.). Introduction of H into2(g) In that respect The resulting solution was stirred at 50 ℃ for 2 hours. The solid was filtered off. The resulting mixture was concentrated in vacuo. This gave 100mg (66.3%) of N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]-3- (dimethylamino) -7- (2-hydroxy-4-methylpentane-2-yl) thieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxamide, as a white solid.

14. Synthesis of N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] -3- (dimethylamino) -7- [ (2E) -4-methylpent-2-en-2-yl ] thieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxamide

To a 50-mL round bottom flask was addedPyridine (3.0mL), N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]-3- (dimethylamino) -7- (2-hydroxy-4-methylpentane-2-yl) thieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxamide (100.0mg, 0.2mmol, 1.0 equiv.), SOCl2(0.5 mL). The resulting solution was stirred at 0 ℃ for 1 hour. The reaction was then quenched by addition of water/ice. The resulting solution was extracted with 3 × 20mL ethyl acetate, the organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated in vacuo. This gave 70mg (72.8%) of N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ]-3- (dimethylamino) -7- [ (2E) -4-methylpent-2-en-2-yl]Thieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxamide, as a yellow solid.

15. Synthesis of N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] -3- (dimethylamino) -7- (4-methylpentan-2-yl) thieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxamide

To a 50-mL round bottom flask was added EtOH (5.0mL), N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]-3- (dimethylamino) -7- [ (2E) -4-methylpent-2-en-2-yl]Thieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxamide (70.0mg, 0.16mmol, 1.0 equiv.), Pd/C (20.0mg, 0.19mmol, 1.2 equiv.). Introduction of H into2(g) In that respect The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The solid was filtered off. The resulting mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by flash-prep-HPLC using the following conditions (intel flash-1): column, C18 silica gel; mobile phase, H2O and CH3CN(20％CH3CN increased to 90% in 20 minutes); detector, 220 nm. This gave 12.2mg (17.3%) of N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]-3- (dimethylamino) -7- (4-methylpentane-2-yl) thieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxamide, as a white solid. (ES, m/z): 438[ M + H]+；1H-NMR(300MHz，CDCl3)：δ＝8.65(d，J＝4.8Hz，1H)，7.38-7.29(m，2H)，7.28-7.16(m，1H)，6.97-6.94(m，1H)，6.86(d，J＝8.3Hz，1H)，5.31(t，J＝5.6Hz，1H)，4.38-4.36(m，1H)，4.27-4.24(m，1H)，3.24-2.22(m，1H)，2.99(s，6H)，2.45-2.28(m，1H)，2.27-2.11(m，1H)，1.90-1.75(m，1H)，1.66-1.35(m，6H)，0.99-0.90(m，6H)ppm。

Adding NMP (5.0mL), 2- [ [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] to 8-mL sealed tube ]Carbamoyl radical]-3- (dimethylamino) thieno [3,2-b]Pyridin-7-yl triflate (200.0mg, 0.4mmol, 1.0 equiv.), 4, 4-difluoropiperidine (400.0mg, 3.3mmol, 8.3 equiv.). The final reaction mixture was irradiated with microwave radiation at 150 ℃ for 30 minutes. The crude product was purified by flash-prep-HPLC using the following conditions (intel flash-1): column, C18 silica gel; mobile phase, H2O and CH3CN(20％CH3CN increased to 90% in 20 minutes); detector, 254 nm. This gave 24.9mg (13.3%) of 7- (4, 4-difluoropiperidin-1-yl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]-3- (dimethylamino) thieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxamide, as a pale yellow solid. (ES, m/z): 473[ M + H ]]+；1H-NMR(300MHz，CD3OD)：δ＝8.51(d，J＝5.4Hz，1H)，7.38-7.28(m，1H)，7.28-7.16(m，1H)，7.00-6.91(m，2H)，6.86(d，J＝8.3Hz，1H)，5.30(t，J＝5.6Hz，1H)，4.38-4.32(m，1H)，4.27-4.23(m，1H)，3.67-3.58(m，4H)，2.97(s，6H)，2.44-2.11(m，6H)ppm。

The following compounds can be prepared according to scheme 11 below:

115，116，117，118，237，115-INT-3，239，239-INT-1，237A。

scheme 11

Exemplary procedure for compounds 115 and 116:

synthesis of 4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-d ] pyrimidine as a white solid

To a 250-mL round-bottom flask flushed and maintained with an inert nitrogen atmosphere was added 4-chlorothieno [3,2-d ]]Pyrimidine (5.0g, 29.3mmol, 1.0 equiv.), 3, 5-difluorophenyl boronic acid (6.0g, 38.0mmol, 1.3 equiv.), Pd (dppf) Cl2(2.1g, 3.0mmol, 0.1 equiv.), K3PO4(12.4g, 59.0mmol, 2 equiv.), dioxane (100.0mL), H 2O (10.0 mL). The resulting solution was stirred at 80 ℃ overnight. The resulting mixture was concentrated. The residue was applied to a silica gel column with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1/10-1/4). This gives 7.8g (crude) of 4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-d]Pyrimidine, a white solid. (ES, m/z): 249[ M + H ]]+。

1. Synthesis of 7-bromo-4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-d ] pyrimidine

To a 250-mL round bottom flask was added 4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-d]Pyrimidine (3.50g, 14.1mmol, 1.0 equiv.), Br2(11.30g, 70.6mmol, 5.0 equiv.), AcOH (52.0 mL). The resulting solution was stirred at 70 ℃ for 2 days. The reaction was then quenched by pouring into 500mL NaHCO3The ice-water solution was quenched. The resulting solution was extracted with 2 × 500mL ethyl acetate. NaCHO 2X500mL aq EA for EA mixtures3And 1x500mL of aq. NaS2SO3And (6) washing. The resulting EA mixture was washed with 1x500mL brine. The EA mixture was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solid was filtered off. The filtrate was concentrated. This gave 4g of 7-bromo-4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-d]Pyrimidine, as a pale yellow solid.

2. Synthesis of 7-bromo-4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-d ] pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid

To a 250-mL 3-necked round bottom flask, flushed and maintained with an inert nitrogen atmosphere, was added 7-bromo-4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) thiaThieno [3,2-d ]Pyrimidine (1.3g, 1.0 eq), THF (130.0 mL). LDA (4.0mL, 1.5 equiv.) was then added dropwise with stirring at-78 ℃. The resulting solution was stirred at-78 ℃ for 30 minutes. Introducing CO at-50 deg.C2. The resulting solution was allowed to stir at-50 ℃ for an additional 2 hours. The resulting solution was allowed to stir at room temperature for an additional 2 hours. Then, 100mL of water was added to quench the reaction. The solid was collected by filtration. This gave 500mg of 7-bromo-4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-d]Pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid, as a pale yellow solid.

3. Synthesis of 7-bromo-4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] thieno [3,2-d ] pyrimidine-6-carboxamide

To a 250-mL round bottom flask was added 7-bromo-4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) thieno [3,2-d]Pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid (1.6g, 4.3mmol, 1.0 equiv), (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-amine (707.4mg, 4.7mmol, 1.1 equiv), HATU (3278.2mg, 8.6mmol, 2 equiv), DIEA (1392.8mg, 10.7mmol, 2.5 equiv), DMF (50.0 mL). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of 50mL of water. The solid was collected by filtration. This gives 1.1g (50.8%) of 7-bromo-4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]Thieno [3,2-d ]Pyrimidine-6-carboxamide, is a yellow solid. (ES, m/z): 502[ M + H]+；1H-NMR(300MHz，DMSO-d6)：δ＝9.49(s，1H)，9.40(d，J＝8.1Hz，1H)，7.82(d，J＝6.6Hz，2H)，7.65(t，J＝9.0Hz，1H)，7.35(d，J＝7.2Hz，1H)，7.20(t，J＝6.9Hz，1H)，6.94(t，J＝7.2Hz，1H)，6.82(d，J＝8.1Hz，1H)，5.29(d，J＝6.6Hz，1H)，4.29(s，2H)，42.25-2.13(m，2H)ppm。

4. Synthesis of 4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] -7- (prop-1-en-2-yl) thieno [3,2-d ] pyrimidine-6-carboxamide

To a 50-mL round bottom flask, flushed and maintained under an inert nitrogen atmosphere, was added 7-bromo-4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]Thieno [3,2-d]Pyrimidine-6-carboxamide (57.0mg, 0.1mmol, 1.0 equiv.), trifluoro (prop-1-en-2-yl) -lambda 4-boran potassium (38.0mg, 0.3mmol, 2.0 equiv.), Pd (dppf) Cl2(15.0mg, 0.02mmol, 0.2 equiv.), K3PO4(48.0mg, 0.3mmol, 2.0 equiv.), dioxane (3.0mL), H2O (0.3 mL). The resulting solution was stirred at 80 ℃ overnight. The crude product was purified by flash-prep-HPLC using the following conditions (intel flash-1): column, C18 silica gel; mobile phase, ACN/H2O-20/80 increased to ACN/H in 15 min2O-100/0; detector, 254 nm. This gave 27.8mg of 4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]-7- (prop-1-en-2-yl) thieno [3,2-d]Pyrimidine-6-carboxamide, is an off-white solid. (ES, m/z): 464[ M + H ]]+；1H-NMR(300MHz，CD3OD)：δ＝9.34(s，1H)，7.81-7.78(m，2H)，7.49(d，J＝7.2Hz，1H)，7.26-7.21(m，1H)，7.09-7.02(m，1H)，6.97-6.87(m，2H)，5.60(t，J＝1.5Hz，1H)，5.38-5.35(m，1H)，5.27(s，1H)，4.34-4.31(m，1H)，4.19-4.12(m，1H)，2.39-2.36(m，1H)，2.22-2.19(m，4H)ppm。

5. Synthesis of 4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] -7-isopropylthieno [3,2-d ] pyrimidine-6-carboxamide

To a 50-mL round bottom flask was added 4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]-7- (prop-1-en-2-yl) thieno [3,2-d]Pyrimidine-6-carboxamide (90.0mg, 0.2mmol, 1.0 equiv.), PtO2(90.0mg, 1.0 eq), EA (20.0 mL). For mixtures H2Rinsing 6 times. The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature overnight. The solid was filtered off. The filtrate was concentrated. The crude product was purified by flash-prep-HPLC using the following conditions (intel flash-1): column, C18 siliconGluing; mobile phase, ACN/H2O-30/70 increased to ACN/H in 15 min2O-80/20; detector, 254 nm. This gave 27.7mg of 4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]-7-isopropylthieno [3,2-d]Pyrimidine-6-carboxamide, is a white solid. (ES, m/z): 466[ M + H]+；1H-NMR(300MHz，DMSO-d6)：δ＝9.40(s，1H)，9.34(d，J＝6.9Hz，1H)，7.79(d，J＝6.0Hz，2H)，7.64-7.61(m，1H)，7.27-7.16(m，2H)，6.96-6.93(m，1H)，6.82-6.79(m，1H)，5.30(s，1H)，4.26(m，2H)，3.85-3.81(m，1H)，2.30-1.98(m，2H)，1.51(m，6H)ppm。

6. Synthesis of 4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] -7- (dimethylamino) thieno [3,2-d ] pyrimidine-6-carboxamide

To a 50-mL sealed tube was added 7-bromo-4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]Thieno [3,2-d]Pyrimidine-6-carboxamide (80.0mg, 0.16mmol, 1.0 equiv.), dimethylamine (2M in THF, 50.0 mL). The resulting solution was stirred at 110 ℃ for 4 hours. The resulting mixture was concentrated. The crude product was purified by flash-prep-HPLC using the following conditions (intel flash-1): column, C18 silica gel; mobile phase, ACN/H 2O-20/80 increased to ACN/H in 15 min2O-90/10; detector, 254 nm. This gave 5mg of 4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]-7- (dimethylamino) thieno [3,2-d]Pyrimidine-6-carboxamide, is a white solid. (ES, m/z): 467[ M + H ]]+；1H-NMR(300MHz，CDCl3)：δ＝10.36(d，J＝8.1Hz，1H)，9.28(s，1H)，7.76(dd，J＝8.1，2.1Hz，2H)，7.32(d，J＝7.8Hz，1H)，7.26-7.20(m，1H)，7.08-7.01(m，1H)，6.96-6.88(m，2H)，5.42-5.38(m，1H)，4.39-4.33(m，1H)，4.28-4.20(m，1H)，2.99(s，6H)，2.44-2.38(m，1H)，2.23-2.16(m，1H)ppm。

7. Synthesis of 4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] -7- (morpholin-4-yl) thieno [3,2-d ] pyrimidine-6-carboxamide

To a 50-mL round bottom flask, flushed and maintained under an inert nitrogen atmosphere, was added 7-bromo-4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]Thieno [3,2-d]Pyrimidine-6-carboxamide (100.0mg, 0.2mmol, 1.0 equiv.), morpholine (174.0mg, 2.0mmol, 10.0 equiv.), Pd2(dba)3(20.0mg, 0.02mmol, 0.1 equiv.), Xantphos (23.0mg, 0.04mmol, 0.2 equiv.), toluene (10.0mL), Cs2CO3(130.0mg, 0.4mmol, 2.0 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at 110 ℃ for 3 hours. The solid was filtered off. The filtrate was concentrated. The crude product was purified by flash-prep-HPLC using the following conditions (intel flash-1): column, C18 silica gel; mobile phase, ACN/H2O-10/90 increased to ACN/H in 15 min2O-90/10; detector, 254 nm. This gave 47.4mg of 4- (3, 5-difluorophenyl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ]-7- (morpholin-4-yl) thieno [3,2-d]Pyrimidine-6-carboxamide, is a yellow solid. (ES, m/z): 509[ M + H]+；1H-NMR(300MHz，CDCl3)：δ＝10.64(d，J＝6.9Hz，1H)，9.31(s，1H)，7.80(dd，J＝8.1，2.1Hz，2H)，7.31-7.27(m，2H)，7.11-7.05(m，1H)，6.99-6.93(m，2H)，5.35-5.30(m，1H)，4.43-4.38(m，1H)，4.27-4.19(m，1H)，3.52-3.39(m，8H)，2.41-2.33(m，2H)ppm。

The following compounds can be prepared according to scheme 12 below and the procedures detailed below:

201，203，206，208，209，211，211-0A，213，214，216，217，220，221，222，223，229，231，232，236，238，240,241，242，243,245，246，247，248，249，250，255，255-0A，257，268，268-4，347，348。

scheme 12

Exemplary procedure for compound 201:

1. synthesis of 3-bromo-7-chlorothieno [3,2-b ] pyridine

To a 3000-mL 3-necked round bottom flask was added 7-chlorothiophene [3,2-b ]]Pyridine (25.0g, 147.3mmol, 1.0 equiv.), CHCl3(4166.6mL, 34903.0mmol, 350.5 equiv.), KHSO4(30.1g, 221.0mmol, 1.5 equiv.), NaHCO3(12.3g, 147.4mmol, 1.0 equiv.), MgSO4(26.6g, 221.0mmol, 1.5 equiv.), Br2(235.5g, 1473.8mmol, 10.0 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at 70 ℃ for 16 hours. The reaction was cooled to room temperature. The reaction was then quenched by addition of 500mL of Na2S2O3(aq.) quenching. The resulting solution was extracted with 2 × 1L of DCM. The organic layers were combined, dried and concentrated under reduced pressure. This gave 30g (81.9%) of 3-bromo-7-chlorothieno [3,2-b ]]Pyridine, a yellow solid.

2. Synthesis of 3-bromo-7-chlorothieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxylic acid

To a 2000-mL flask was added 3-bromo-7-chlorothiophene [3,2-b ]]Pyridine (30.0g, 1.0 equiv.), THF (1000.0mL), LDA (84.0mL, 1.5 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at-78 ℃ for 2 hours. Introducing CO to the above at-78 deg.C 2For 2 hours. The reaction was then quenched by addition of 500mL of NH4The Cl quenched. The solid was collected by filtration. This gave 18g (51.1%) of 3-bromo-7-chlorothieno [3,2-b ]]Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid, as a yellow solid.

3. Synthesis of 3-bromo-7-chloro-N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] thieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxamide

To a 500-mL round bottom flask was added 3-bromo-7-chlorothieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (25.0g, 85.4mmol, 1.0 equiv.), HATU (48.7g, 128.2mmol, 1.5 equiv.), DMF (300.0mL), DIEA (33.1g, 256.4mmol, 3.0 equiv), (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-amine (19.1g, 128.2mmol, 1.5 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of 500mL of water. The solid was collected by filtration. This gave 30g (82.8%) of 3-bromo-7-chloro-N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] thieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxamide as a yellow solid.

4. Synthesis of 7-chloro-N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] -3- (prop-1-en-2-yl) thieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxamide

To a 500-mL round bottom flask, flushed and maintained with an inert nitrogen atmosphere, was added 3-bromo-7-chloro-N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]Thieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxamide (5.0g, 11.8mmol, 1.0 equiv.), trifluoro (prop-1-en-2-yl) -lambda 4-boran potassium (2.6g, 17.7mmol, 1.5 equiv.), Pd (dppf) Cl 2(0.8g, 1.2mmol, 0.1 equiv.), K3PO4(5.0g, 23.6mmol, 2.0 equiv.), dioxane (100mL), H2O (10 mL). The resulting solution was stirred at 90 ℃ for 3 hours. The resulting mixture was concentrated. The residue was applied to a silica gel column with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1: 10). This gives 2.8g (61.6%) of 7-chloro-N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]-3- (prop-1-en-2-yl) thieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxamide, as a yellow solid.

5. Synthesis of 7-chloro-N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] -3-isopropylthieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxamide

To a 1000-mL round bottom flask was added 7-chloro-N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzeneAnd pyran-4-yl]-3- (prop-1-en-2-yl) thieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxamide as a yellow solid (2.50g, 6.5mmol, 1.0 eq.), EA (500.0mL), Pt2O (1.5 g). The flask was evacuated and flushed with nitrogen three times followed by hydrogen. The mixture was stirred at 40 ℃ under a hydrogen atmosphere (balloon) for 3 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. The solid was filtered off. The filtrate was concentrated. This gives 1.2g (59.7%) of 7-chloro-N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]-3-isopropylthieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxamide, as a yellow solid.

6. Synthesis of N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl ] -7- (4-fluoro-2, 6-dimethylphenyl) -3-isopropylthieno [3,2-b ] pyridine-2-carboxamide

To a 20-mL microwave tube flushed and maintained with an inert nitrogen atmosphere was added 7-chloro-N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]-3-isopropylthieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxamide (100.0mg, 0.2mmol, 1.0 equiv.), DME (3.00mL), 2- (4-fluoro-2, 6-dimethylphenyl) -4,4,5, 5-tetramethyl-1, 3, 2-dioxaborolane (162.0mg, 0.6mmol, 2.5 equiv.), Pd (dtbpf) Cl2(17.00mg, 0.026mmol, 0.1 equiv.), K3PO4(137.0mg, 0.6mmol, 2.5 equiv.), H2O (0.50 mL). The final reaction mixture was irradiated with microwave radiation at 100 ℃ for 0.5 hour. The resulting mixture was concentrated. The crude product was purified by flash-prep-HPLC using the following conditions (intel flash-1): column, C18 silica gel; mobile phase, CH3CN/0.05％NH3.H2O is 100 percent; detector, 254&220 nm. This gave 38.9mg (31.7%) of N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]-7- (4-fluoro-2, 6-dimethylphenyl) -3-isopropylthieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxamide, is an off-white solid. (ES, m/z): 475[ M + H ]]+；1H-NMR(300MHz，DMSO-d6)：δ＝9.03(d，J＝7.8Hz，1H)，8.84(d，J＝3.6Hz，1H)，7.30(d，J＝3.9Hz，1H)，7.20-7.09(m，4H)，6.91-6.77(m，2H)，5.24-5.22(m，1H)，4.23(s，2H)，3.93(t，J＝6.9Hz，1H)，2.12-2.04(m，8H)，1.53(s，6H)ppm。

Exemplary procedure for compound 255:

to a 100-mL round bottom flask was added 7- (cyclohex-1-en-1-yl) -N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl)]-3-isopropylthieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxamide (50.0mg, 0.1mmol, 1.0 equiv.), THF (10.0mL), BH 3THF (1M in THF) (2.5mL, 26.1mmol, 226.0 equivalents). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. Then H is added dropwise into the flask2O2(30%) (2.50mL, 107.3mmol, 928.3 equiv.), NaHCO3(5 mL). The resulting solution was allowed to stir for an additional 30 minutes at room temperature. The resulting solution was diluted with 50mL of DCM. The organic phase was separated. The organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by preparative-HPLC using the following conditions (2# SHIMADZU (HPLC-01)): column, SunFire Prep C18 OBD column, 19 x 150mm 5um 10 nm; mobile phase, water and ACN (16% phase B to 40% in 7 min); detector, UV 254 nm. This gave 15mg (28.8%) of N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]-7- (1-hydroxycyclohexyl) -3-isopropylthieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxamide, as a white solid, and 20mg (38.4%) of N- ((S) -chroman-4-yl) -7- (2-hydroxycyclohexyl) -3-isopropylthieno [3,2-b ]]Pyridine-2-carboxamide, as a white solid.

Adding N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl to a 50-mL round-bottom flask]-7- (1-hydroxycyclohexyl) -3-isopropylthieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxamide (15.0mg, 0.03mmol, 1.0 equiv), DCM (2.0 mL). DAST (0.1mL) was then added dropwise with stirring at 0 ℃. The resulting solution was stirred at 25 ℃ for 1 hour. The reaction was then quenched by addition of MeOH (0.5 mL). The resulting mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by preparative-HPLC using the following conditions ( 2# SHIMADZU (HPLC-01)): column, SunFire Prep C18 OBD column, 19 x 150mm 5um 10 nm; mobile phase, water and ACN (16% CH)3CN to 40% in 7 minutes); detector, UV 254 nm. This gave 2.0mg (13.2%) of N- [ (4S) -3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]-7- (1-fluorocyclohexyl) -3-isopropylthieno [3,2-b]Pyridine-2-carboxamide, as a white solid.1H-NMR(300MHz，CDCl3)：δ＝8.81(s，1H)，7.61(s，1H)，7.46-7.18(m，2H)，6.98-6.86(m，2H)，6.25(d，J＝6.9Hz，1H)，5.35(d，J＝5.7Hz，1H)，4.36-4.33(m，1H)，4.25-4.10(m，2H)，2.37-2.34(m，1H)，2.35-1.15(m，17H)ppm。

The following additional compounds were prepared according to the foregoing scheme:

biological examples

The present disclosure is further illustrated by the following biological examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the scope or spirit of the disclosure to the particular procedures described herein. It should be understood that the examples are provided to illustrate certain embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure thereby. It should also be understood that various other embodiments, modifications, and equivalents as may be apparent to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the spirit of the disclosure and/or scope of the appended claims.

Example 1: a screening method for testing the activity of a compound on the filariomyxoplasma immitis larvae.

Between 400 and 600 microfilaria of heartworm were added to each well of the microtiter plate, said wells containing RPMI medium and test compound formulated in 100% DMSO. The plates were incubated at 37 ℃ and 5% CO 2The culture was kept for 3 days. The potency of the compounds was dependent on the motility of microfilaria, compared to the average motility in control wells containing DMSO only. Dose response testing to determine EC50The value is obtained. Compounds 310, 228, 217, 301, 205 and 259-4 exhibit an EC of 100nM to 10. mu.M50The value is obtained. Compounds 259-5, 260, 258, 220, 222, 203, 213, 199, 229, 224, 221, 247, and 214 exhibit EC from 10nM to 100nM50The value is obtained. Compounds 236, 243, 238, 256, 253, 252, 337, 212-0, 207, 120, 102, 259, 264, 211, 210, 263, 263-8, 204, 311, 309, 212, 209, 206, and 223 exhibit EC of less than 10nM50The value is obtained.

Example 2: a method of screening test compounds for activity against Haemonchus contortus.

Twenty L1 haemonchus contortus larvae were added to the wells of a microtiter plate containing nutrient cultures and test compound DMSO solution. Analysis was performed on day 4 to determine the extent of growth of larvae from L1 to L3. Larvae exposed to DMSO alone served as controls. Dose response testing to determine EC50The value is obtained. Compounds 124, 090, 205, 236, 238, 256, 246, 337, 128, 207, 119, 260, 102, 338, 268-4, 268, 220, 222, 255, 255-0, 243, 213, 201, 229, 223, 115, 126, 127, 129, 102-1, 101, 130, 121, 092, 239-INT-1, 239, 240, 241, 249, 245, 242, and 123 were tested for EC 50Activity at values from 100nM to 10. mu.M. Compounds 263-8, 263, 210, 204, 211, 336, 259-5, 264, 309, 264-0, 259, 285, 212, 120, 258, 212-0, 310, 252, 209, 253, 206, 203 and 199 exhibit EC of less than 100nM50The value is obtained.

Example 3: in vivo efficacy against heartworm in immunodeficient NSG mice.

The following in vivo studies aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of the compounds of the present invention in preventing heartworm infection in mammals were performed according to the procedures described in WO 2018/148392 a1 (incorporated herein by reference). For the following studies, Dirofilaria immitis was obtained from the University of Georgia Vet School's filariasis research reagent resource center (referred to herein as "FR 3") and an internal insect feeding house. Typically, worms are obtained from mosquitoes and transported overnight in culture media and antibiotics. The worms were washed and counted for use in mice. Immunodeficient NSG mice susceptible to heartworm infection were injected subcutaneously or intraperitoneally with 50L 3 heartworms on day 0 (2005Missouri isolate or JYD-34). The compounds of the invention were orally administered to NSG mice at the dose levels indicated in the study on days 1, 15 and 30 post-infection.

To recover parasites, mice were bled 6 weeks post infection to collect serum, skinned and scored for fascia, eviscerated, and scored for muscle fascia. All samples were soaked overnight at room temperature in RPMI medium supplemented with 10% FBS and Pen/strep antibiotics. The following morning, i.e. approximately 18 hours later, worms were counted and fixed in 95% ethanol/5% glycerol. Worms were packed in glycerol jelly and then measured with cellSens software.

Study #1

Four groups of 6 immunodeficient NSG mice were set up. One untreated group served as a control, and the other three groups were given dose levels of 25mg/kg body weight, 50mg/kg and 25mg/kg of compounds 211, 204 and 212, respectively. Compound is present in Labrasol-M1944 CS (70:30) vehicle was formulated at a concentration of 2.5mg/mL and was administered orally to mice at the doses indicated in the following table. Compound efficacy was evaluated relative to an untreated mouse control group. Table 6 below shows the percentage reduction of viable worms recovered from the treated group compared to the control group.

TABLE 6

Compound # Dosage (mg/kg) Reduction of worms% P value
211 25 61 0.002
204 50 65 0.002
212 23 13 0.501

Study #2

The efficacy of compounds 119 and 120 was studied at two different dose levels using a protocol similar to study # 1. A control group of 6 NSG mice was assigned. Four groups of 5 NSG mice were each assigned for study administration of compounds 119 and 120 at dosage levels of 25mg/kg and 50mg/kg body weight. Compound is based on Labrasol-M1944 CS (70:30) vehicle was formulated at a concentration of 2.5mg/mL and was administered orally to mice at the doses indicated in Table 7 below.

TABLE 7

Compound # Dose(mg/kg) Reduction of worms% P value
119 25 67 0.000
119 50 37 0.005
120 25 47 0.003
120 50 33 0.009

Study #3

The efficacy of compounds 210, 257, 207, and 102 was studied using a protocol similar to study # 1. A control group of 7 NSG mice was assigned. Four additional test groups were assigned for administration of compounds 210, 257, 207, and 102. The group of compound 210 contained 7 NSG mice while the groups of compounds 257, 207, and 102 each contained 6 NSG mice. Compounds such as study #1 at L abrasol/M1944 CS (70:30) vehicle was formulated at a concentration of 2.5mg/mL and orally administered to mice at a level of 25mg/kg body weight. The results of the study are shown in Table 8 below.

TABLE 8

Compound # Reduction of worms% P value
210 55 0.008
257 45 0.028
207 55 0.010
102 50 0.018

Accordingly, the compounds of the present invention were tested for activity against heartworm in the NSG mouse model.

Example 4: in vivo efficacy against Haemonchus contortus (Haemonchus contortus) and Trichostrongylus hyalopecuroformis (Trichostrongylus colubriformis) in Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus).

Several in vivo studies were performed to test the efficacy of the compounds of the invention against haemonchus contortus and trichostrongylus hybridus in Mongolian gerbils. Groups of 5 animals were assigned to each of the treated group, untreated control group and positive control group. Labrasol/based administration to gerbils in untreated control groupsM1944 CS (70:30) vehicle. Animals in the positive control group were treated with either pinosyl (10mg/kg in an aqueous vehicle) and/or ivermectin (0.1mg/kg in DMSO/corn oil (50%/50% v/v)). On day 0, immunosuppressed Mongolian gerbils were artificially infected with approximately 1,000 infectious third instar larvae of Haemonchus contortus. After at least 4 hours, gerbils were also infected with approximately 1,000 third instar larvae of Coleus lucorum. Six days after infection, gerbils were treated by oral gavage of a test compound dissolved in Labrasol @, at the dosage levels indicated in tables 9-12 below M1944 CS (70: 30). Gerbils were euthanized and necropsied on day 9 (3 days after treatment) to recover parasites from the stomach and small intestine. Efficacy was calculated as the average% reduction in the number of worms of each test group compared to the average number of worms of the control group. The potency of the compounds tested is shown in tables 9 to 12 below.

Study 1:

TABLE 9

Study 2:

watch 10

Study 3:

TABLE 11

Study 4:

TABLE 12

Thus, the compounds of the present invention were tested to be highly effective against Haemonchus contortus and Trichosporon hybridus in Mongolian gerbil models.

***

Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described in detail hereinabove, it should be understood that the invention defined in the foregoing paragraphs is not limited to particular details within the above description, since many obvious variations thereof are possible without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.

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