阅读说明：本技术 一种肝癌的术前病理诊断穿刺活检设备 (Preoperative pathological diagnosis puncture biopsy device for liver cancer ) 是由 李娜 金羽 张勇 于 2021-09-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种肝癌的术前病理诊断穿刺活检设备,属于医疗器械领域,一种肝癌的术前病理诊断穿刺活检设备,包括安装筒,安装筒内滑动连接有活塞板,活塞板上固定连接有滑块,安装筒上开设有与滑块配合的滑槽,活塞板与安装筒的内壁贴合,负压盒的底部固定连接有连管,连管底部固定连接有用于固定负压盒的吸盘,本发明通过设置吸盘吸附在人体上使得负压盒的位置能得到固定,进而使得负压盒上的圆筒的位置得到固定,进而安装筒的位置得到固定,进而能保证穿刺针的穿刺位置精确,通过设置负压盒使得穿刺针在到达需要的深度时负压盒内的负压释放,使得穿刺针能够对肝脏上的组织进行取样。(The invention discloses preoperative pathological diagnosis puncture biopsy equipment for liver cancer, which belongs to the field of medical instruments and comprises an installation cylinder, wherein a piston plate is connected in the installation cylinder in a sliding manner, a sliding block is fixedly connected on the piston plate, a sliding groove matched with the sliding block is formed in the installation cylinder, the piston plate is attached to the inner wall of the installation cylinder, the bottom of a negative pressure box is fixedly connected with a connecting pipe, and the bottom of the connecting pipe is fixedly connected with a sucking disc for fixing the negative pressure box, thereby fixing the position of the cylinder on the negative pressure box and further fixing the position of the mounting cylinder, and then can guarantee that the puncture position of pjncture needle is accurate, make the pjncture needle release the negative pressure in the negative pressure box when reaching the required degree of depth through setting up the negative pressure box for the pjncture needle can take a sample to the tissue on the liver.)

1. The utility model provides a pathological diagnosis aspiration biopsy equipment before art of liver cancer, includes an installation section of thick bamboo (1), its characterized in that: the vacuum needle is characterized in that a piston plate (42) is connected to the mounting cylinder (1) in a sliding manner, a sliding block (43) is fixedly connected to the piston plate (42), a sliding groove (11) matched with the sliding block (43) is formed in the mounting cylinder (1), the piston plate (42) is attached to the inner wall of the mounting cylinder (1), a push rod (4) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the piston plate (42), a through hole matched with the push rod (4) is formed in the mounting cylinder (1), a push plate (41) is fixedly connected to the top of the push rod (4), a first cylinder body (44) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the piston plate (42), a second cylinder body (45) is coaxially and fixedly connected to the bottom of the first cylinder body (44), a puncture needle (5) is installed on the second cylinder body (45), a cylinder (2) is slidably connected to the mounting cylinder (1), and a negative pressure box (3) is symmetrically and fixedly connected to the cylinder (2), first trachea (12) of fixedly connected with on negative pressure box (3), keep away from first trachea (12) the one end fixed connection of negative pressure box (3) is in on installation section of thick bamboo (1), be equipped with first check valve (13) on first trachea (12), the bottom fixedly connected with of negative pressure box (3) is managed (37) even, even manage (37) bottom fixedly connected with be used for with sucking disc (38) on the human body are fixed in negative pressure box (3).

2. The preoperative pathological diagnosis needle biopsy device for liver cancer according to claim 1, characterized in that: fixedly connected with stabilivolt (31) on negative pressure box (3), fixedly connected with support (32) in stabilivolt (31), sliding connection has slide bar (33) on support (32), fixedly connected with clamp plate (36) and round platform piece (34) respectively at the both ends of slide bar (33), round platform piece (34) with keep away from on stabilivolt (31) the port intermittent type of clamp plate (36) offsets, first extension spring (35) have been cup jointed on slide bar (33), the both ends difference fixed connection of first extension spring (35) support (32) with on round platform piece (34).

3. The preoperative pathological diagnosis needle biopsy device for liver cancer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the external diameter of pjncture needle (5) with the internal diameter of second barrel (45) equals, fixedly connected with annular gasbag (46) on second barrel (45), sliding connection has U type locating lever (48) on second barrel (45), the both ends of U type locating lever (48) all with pjncture needle (5) intermittent type offsets, two limiting plate (49) of symmetry fixedly connected with on U type locating lever (48), lie in on U type locating lever (48) pjncture needle (5) and two all cup jointed second extension spring (491), two on the horizontal segment between limiting plate (49) the equal fixed connection in both ends of second extension spring (491) on second barrel (45) and the limiting plate (49) that corresponds, annular gasbag (46) with U type locating lever (48) intermittent type offsets.

4. The preoperative pathological diagnosis needle biopsy device for liver cancer according to claim 3, wherein: the negative pressure box is characterized in that a spherical air bag (39) is fixedly connected in the negative pressure box (3), a second air pipe (47) is fixedly connected on the spherical air bag (39), one end, far away from the spherical air bag (39), of the second air pipe (47) penetrates through the negative pressure box (3) and the installation barrel (1) and is fixedly connected on the annular air bag (46).

5. The preoperative pathological diagnosis needle biopsy device for liver cancer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first barrel (44) is fixedly connected with a first L-shaped pipe (441), the negative pressure box (3) is fixedly connected with a second L-shaped pipe (442), the installation barrel (1) is provided with a through groove matched with the second L-shaped pipe (442), the inner diameter of the second L-shaped pipe (442) is equal to that of the first L-shaped pipe (441), a plastic thin plate (443) is fixedly connected in the second L-shaped pipe (442), and the first L-shaped pipe (441) is fixedly connected with an annular prick (444) used for pricking the plastic thin plate (443).

6. The preoperative pathological diagnosis needle biopsy device for liver cancer according to claim 3, wherein: the utility model discloses a puncture needle, including puncture needle (5), the lateral wall sliding connection of puncture needle (5) has montant (51), the top fixedly connected with spacing ring (52) of montant (51), spring (53) have been cup jointed on montant (51), the both ends of spring (53) respectively with spacing ring (52) with puncture needle (5) offset.

7. The preoperative pathological diagnosis needle biopsy device for liver cancer according to claim 6, wherein: puncture needle (5) internal rotation is connected with bull stick (56), fixedly connected with clamp splice (54) is gone up in bull stick (56), fixedly connected with diaphragm (55) is gone up in clamp splice (54), seted up on the lateral wall of puncture needle (5) with diaphragm (55) complex groove, the bottom of montant (51) with diaphragm (55) intermittent type offsets, the bottom fixedly connected with stay cord (57) of montant (51), stay cord (57) are kept away from the one end fixed connection of montant (51) is in on diaphragm (55).

8. The preoperative pathological diagnosis needle biopsy device for liver cancer according to claim 7, wherein: the number of the clamping blocks (54) is two, and the two clamping blocks (54) are matched with each other and symmetrically distributed in the puncture needle (5).

9. The preoperative pathological diagnosis needle biopsy device for liver cancer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cylinder (2) is in threaded connection with fastening nails (21), and the fastening nails (21) intermittently abut against the mounting cylinder (1).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to preoperative pathological diagnosis puncture biopsy equipment for liver cancer.

Background

The liver cancer is malignant liver tumor, which can be divided into primary and secondary, the primary malignant liver tumor originates from epithelial or mesenchymal tissue of liver, the former is called primary liver cancer, which is high-incidence malignant tumor with great harm in our country, the latter is called sarcoma, when treating liver cancer, the patient is diagnosed with liver cancer, usually, it also needs to do puncture biopsy, the puncture biopsy is to take out part of tumor tissue by biopsy to check, the good and malignant degree of tumor can be determined, the accuracy of puncture biopsy is high, which can reach more than 90%, and the complication is few, which is the standard for defining good and malignant tumor, the doctor can also define later treatment thought and necessary basis by checking.

When the existing liver cancer puncture is carried out, a doctor usually holds a puncture needle for puncture biopsy, the puncture is not supported in the puncture mode, the skill requirement on the puncture of the doctor is high, deviation is easy to occur during the puncture, pain is brought to a patient, and the puncture biopsy is not facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide preoperative pathological diagnosis biopsy equipment for liver cancer, which has the advantage of accurate puncture position and solves the problem that the biopsy is easy to deviate.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the preoperative pathological diagnosis puncture biopsy device for the liver cancer comprises an installation barrel, wherein a piston plate is connected in the installation barrel in a sliding mode, a sliding block is fixedly connected onto the piston plate, a sliding groove matched with the sliding block is formed in the installation barrel, the piston plate is attached to the inner wall of the installation barrel, a push rod is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the piston plate, a through hole matched with the push rod is formed in the installation barrel, a push plate is fixedly connected to the top of the push rod, a first barrel is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the piston plate, a second barrel is coaxially and fixedly connected to the bottom of the first barrel, a puncture needle is installed on the second barrel, a cylinder is connected in the installation barrel in a sliding mode, negative pressure boxes are symmetrically and fixedly connected onto the cylinder, a first air pipe is fixedly connected onto the negative pressure boxes, and one end, far away from the negative pressure boxes, of the first air pipe is fixedly connected onto the installation barrel, the negative pressure box is characterized in that a first check valve is arranged on the first air pipe, a connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the negative pressure box, and a sucker used for fixing the negative pressure box on a human body is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting pipe.

Preferably, a voltage-stabilizing tube is fixedly connected to the negative pressure box, a support is fixedly connected to the inside of the voltage-stabilizing tube, a sliding rod is connected to the support in a sliding mode, a pressing plate and a circular table block are fixedly connected to the two ends of the sliding rod respectively, the circular table block and a port, far away from the pressing plate, of the voltage-stabilizing tube intermittently abut against each other, a first tension spring is sleeved on the sliding rod, and the two ends of the first tension spring are fixedly connected to the support and the circular table block respectively.

Preferably, the external diameter of pjncture needle with the internal diameter of second barrel equals, fixedly connected with annular gasbag on the second barrel, sliding connection has U type locating lever on the second barrel, the both ends of U type locating lever all with pjncture needle intermittent type offsets, two limiting plates of symmetry fixedly connected with on the U type locating lever, lie in on the U type locating lever pjncture needle and two all cup jointed the second extension spring on the horizontal segment between the limiting plate, two the equal fixed connection in both ends of second extension spring is in on second barrel and the limiting plate that corresponds, annular gasbag with U type locating lever intermittent type offsets.

Preferably, a spherical air bag is fixedly connected in the negative pressure box, a second air pipe is fixedly connected on the spherical air bag, and one end, far away from the spherical air bag, of the second air pipe penetrates through the negative pressure box and the mounting cylinder and is fixedly connected on the annular air bag.

Preferably, a first L-shaped pipe is fixedly connected to the first barrel, a second L-shaped pipe is fixedly connected to the negative pressure box, a through groove matched with the second L-shaped pipe is formed in the installation barrel, the inner diameter of the second L-shaped pipe is equal to that of the first L-shaped pipe, a plastic sheet is fixedly connected to the inner side of the second L-shaped pipe, and the first L-shaped pipe is fixedly connected with an annular puncture for puncturing the plastic sheet.

Preferably, the side wall of pjncture needle sliding connection has the montant, the top fixedly connected with spacing ring of montant, the spring has been cup jointed on the montant, the both ends of spring respectively with the spacing ring with the pjncture needle offsets.

Preferably, the pjncture needle internal rotation is connected with the bull stick, fixedly connected with clamp splice on the bull stick, fixedly connected with diaphragm on the clamp splice, seted up on the lateral wall of pjncture needle with diaphragm complex groove, the bottom of montant with diaphragm intermittent type offsets, the bottom fixedly connected with stay cord of montant, the stay cord is kept away from the one end fixed connection of montant is in on the diaphragm.

Preferably, the number of the clamping blocks is two, and the two clamping blocks are matched with each other and symmetrically distributed in the puncture needle.

Preferably, the cylinder is in threaded connection with a fastening nail, and the fastening nail intermittently abuts against the mounting cylinder.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the invention, the position of the negative pressure box can be fixed by arranging the sucking disc to be adsorbed on a human body, the position of the cylinder on the negative pressure box is further fixed, and the position of the installation barrel is further fixed, so that the puncture position of the puncture needle can be ensured to be accurate, the negative pressure in the negative pressure box is released when the puncture needle reaches the required depth by arranging the negative pressure box, so that the puncture needle can sample tissues on the liver, the sample taken out by the puncture needle can be cut off from the connection with the liver tissues and stays in the puncture needle by arranging the clamping block, and the puncture needle is automatically separated from the installation barrel after puncture sampling is carried out by connecting the detachable design of the puncture needle to the second barrel, so that other tissues cannot be accidentally injured when the puncture needle is taken out from the human body, and the later-stage examination is facilitated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic external view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the negative pressure box of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of portion A of FIG. 3 according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the needle of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of portion B of FIG. 5 according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of portion C of FIG. 5 according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view showing a state where a first L-shaped pipe and a second L-shaped pipe are connected according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. mounting the cylinder; 11. a chute; 12. a first air pipe; 13. a first check valve; 2. a cylinder; 21. fastening nails; 3. a negative pressure box; 31. a voltage stabilizing tube; 32. a support; 33. a slide bar; 34. a round table block; 35. a first tension spring; 36. pressing a plate; 37. connecting pipes; 38. a suction cup; 39. a spherical air bag; 4. a push rod; 41. pushing the plate; 42. a piston plate; 43. a slider; 44. a first cylinder; 441. a first L-shaped tube; 442. a second L-shaped tube; 443. a plastic sheet; 444. annular spines; 45. a second cylinder; 46. an annular air bag; 47. a second air pipe; 48. a U-shaped positioning rod; 49. a limiting plate; 491. a second tension spring; 5. puncturing needle; 51. a vertical rod; 52. a limiting ring; 53. a spring; 54. a clamping block; 55. a transverse plate; 56. a rotating rod; 57. and pulling a rope.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example one

The invention provides a technical scheme that: a preoperative pathological diagnosis puncture biopsy device for liver cancer comprises an installation barrel 1, a piston plate 42 is connected in the installation barrel 1 in a sliding mode, a sliding block 43 is fixedly connected onto the piston plate 42, a sliding groove 11 matched with the sliding block 43 is formed in the installation barrel 1, the piston plate 42 is attached to the inner wall of the installation barrel 1, a push rod 4 is fixedly connected onto the upper surface of the piston plate 42, a through hole matched with the push rod 4 is formed in the installation barrel 1, a push plate 41 is fixedly connected onto the top of the push rod 4, a first barrel 44 is fixedly connected onto the lower surface of the piston plate 42, a second barrel 45 is fixedly connected onto the bottom of the first barrel 44 in a coaxial mode, a puncture needle 5 is installed on the second barrel 45, a cylinder 2 is connected onto the installation barrel 1 in a sliding mode, a negative pressure box 3 is symmetrically and fixedly connected onto the cylinder 2, a first air pipe 12 is fixedly connected onto the negative pressure box 3, one end, far away from the negative pressure box 3, of the first air pipe 12 is fixedly connected onto the installation barrel 1, the first air pipe 12 is provided with a first one-way valve 13, the bottom of the negative pressure box 3 is fixedly connected with a connecting pipe 37, the bottom of the connecting pipe 37 is fixedly connected with a sucker 38 used for fixing the negative pressure box 3 on a human body, the cylinder 2 is in threaded connection with a fastening nail 21, and the fastening nail 21 intermittently offsets with the installation cylinder 1.

Referring to fig. 1-3, after the puncture position and depth are determined, the center of a circle of the cylinder 2 is aligned to the puncture position and the suction cup 38 is attached to the skin of the human body, the cylinder 2 and the negative pressure box 3 support the installation cylinder 1 together, the bottom surface of the negative pressure box 3 is large enough, so that the stability of the installation cylinder 1 is better, and the puncture sampling position is more accurate, then the push plate 41 is pushed manually, so that the push plate 41 drives the piston plate 42 to slide downwards in the installation cylinder 1 through the push rod 4, and further the space above the piston plate 42 in the installation cylinder 1 is increased to generate negative pressure, air in the negative pressure box 3 is sucked into the installation cylinder 1 through the first air pipe 12 under the action of the negative pressure, and further the negative pressure is generated in the negative pressure box 3, because the suction cup 38 is communicated with the negative pressure box 3 through the connecting pipe 37, the suction cup 38 can be adsorbed to the skin of the human body under the action of the negative pressure box 3, make the contact of negative pressure box 3 and human more firm, because installation section of thick bamboo 1 is fixed on drum 2 through blind rivet 21, and drum 2 and negative pressure box 3 fixed connection, and then the position of installation section of thick bamboo 1 also can be more firm, be difficult to take place the skew, guarantee that the position of puncture sample is accurate.

The pressure stabilizing tube 31 is fixedly connected to the negative pressure box 3, the support 32 is fixedly connected to the inside of the pressure stabilizing tube 31, the sliding rod 33 is slidably connected to the support 32, the pressing plate 36 and the circular truncated cone block 34 are fixedly connected to two ends of the sliding rod 33 respectively, the circular truncated cone block 34 intermittently abuts against a port, far away from the pressing plate 36, of the pressure stabilizing tube 31, the sliding rod 33 is sleeved with the first tension spring 35, and two ends of the first tension spring 35 are fixedly connected to the support 32 and the circular truncated cone block 34 respectively.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, when the piston plate 42 continuously slides downwards in the mounting tube 1, more and more gas in the negative pressure box 3 is adsorbed, so that the vacuum degree of the negative pressure box 3 becomes higher and higher, at the time, the circular truncated cone block 34 moves towards the negative pressure box 3 against the pulling force of the first tension spring 35 under the action of atmospheric pressure, the pressure stabilizing tube 31 is in a through state, further, external air enters a small part of the negative pressure box 3 through the pressure stabilizing tube 31, when the external air enters the negative pressure box 3, the vacuum degree in the negative pressure box 3 is instantly reduced, at the time, the circular truncated cone block 34 moves in the opposite direction under the action of the first tension spring 35, the pressure stabilizing tube 31 is continuously blocked, the first tension spring 35 has certain pulling force to offset the atmospheric pressure, so that a small part of the external air enters the negative pressure box 3 through the pressure stabilizing tube 31 but still has a certain vacuum degree in the negative pressure box 3, and a small part of the air enters the negative pressure box 3, so that the vacuum degree in the negative pressure box 3 is reduced, and further, the piston plate 42 can continue to move downwards in the mounting cylinder 1, so that the situation that the push plate 41 cannot be pushed due to overlarge negative pressure is avoided.

Example two

On the basis of the first embodiment, the outer diameter of the puncture needle 5 is equal to the inner diameter of the second cylinder 45, the annular air bag 46 is fixedly connected to the second cylinder 45, the U-shaped positioning rod 48 is slidably connected to the second cylinder 45, both ends of the U-shaped positioning rod 48 intermittently abut against the puncture needle 5, two limiting plates 49 are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the U-shaped positioning rod 48, a second tension spring 491 is sleeved on a horizontal section of the U-shaped positioning rod 48 between the puncture needle 5 and the two limiting plates 49, both ends of the two second tension springs 491 are fixedly connected to the second cylinder 45 and the corresponding limiting plates 49, the annular air bag 46 intermittently abuts against the U-shaped positioning rod 48, the spherical air bag 39 is fixedly connected to the negative pressure box 3, the second air pipe 47 is fixedly connected to the spherical air bag 39, and one end of the second air pipe 47, which is far away from the spherical air bag 39, penetrates through the negative pressure box 3 and the mounting barrel 1 and is fixedly connected to the annular air bag 46.

Referring to fig. 2, 3, 5 and 6, the puncture needle 5 is inserted into the second cylinder 45, the puncture needle 5 is not separated from the second cylinder 45 by the friction force between the puncture needle 5 and the second cylinder 45, when the push plate 41 is pushed to form a negative pressure state in the negative pressure box 3, the spherical air bag 39 arranged in the negative pressure box 3 expands under the negative pressure, the spherical air bag 39 is communicated with the annular air bag 46 through the second air tube 47, and then the air in the annular air bag 46 is pumped into the spherical air bag 39, at this time, the annular air bag 46 contracts, and further the annular air bag 46 does not extrude the U-shaped positioning rod 48, at this time, the horizontal section of the U-shaped positioning rod 48 slides towards the axial direction of the second cylinder 45 under the action of the second tension spring 491, and then the two ends of the U-shaped positioning rod 48 can contact the puncture needle 5 and apply pressure to the puncture needle 5, so that the connection between the puncture needle 5 and the second cylinder 45 is firmer, the sliding of the U-shaped positioning rod 48 occurs on the premise that the pushing plate 41 is pushed to perform the puncture, and the connection between the puncture needle 5 and the second cylinder 45 can be further secured during the puncture.

EXAMPLE III

In addition to the second embodiment, a first L-shaped tube 441 is fixedly connected to the first cylinder 44, a second L-shaped tube 442 is fixedly connected to the negative pressure box 3, a through groove matched with the second L-shaped tube 442 is formed in the mounting cylinder 1, the inner diameter of the second L-shaped tube 442 is equal to the inner diameter of the first L-shaped tube 441, a plastic sheet 443 is fixedly connected to the inside of the second L-shaped tube 442, and an annular prick 444 for pricking the plastic sheet 443 is fixedly connected to the first L-shaped tube 441.

Referring to fig. 2, 3, 5 and 8, when the pushing plate 41 is pushed further, the first cylinder 44 gets closer to the negative pressure box 3, and the first L-shaped tube 441 fixedly connected to the first cylinder 44 gets closer to the second L-shaped tube 442 on the negative pressure box 3, and the first cylinder 44 moves further downward, so that the first L-shaped tube 441 is inserted into the second L-shaped tube 442, and the sliding block 43 on the piston plate 42 slides in the sliding slot 11 on the mounting cylinder 1, so that the piston plate 42 does not rotate while sliding axially, and the first cylinder 44 fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston plate 42 does not rotate, and the first L-shaped tube 441 on the first cylinder 44 can be accurately inserted into the second L-shaped tube 442, and when the puncture needle 5 reaches a depth to be punctured, the annular ring 444 on the first L-shaped tube 441 contacts the plastic thin plate 443 in the second L-shaped tube 442 and punctures the plastic thin plate 443, at this time, the negative pressure box 3 is communicated with the puncture needle 5 through the second L-shaped tube 442, the first L-shaped tube 441 and the first cylinder 44, so that the negative pressure in the negative pressure box 3 is released, the puncture needle 5 samples and extracts the cells on the liver under the action of the negative pressure, and the extracted cells enter the puncture needle 5.

There is montant 51 in the lateral wall of pjncture needle 5, montant 51's top fixedly connected with spacing ring 52, spring 53 has been cup jointed on montant 51, spring 53's both ends offset with spacing ring 52 and pjncture needle 5 respectively, 5 internal rotations of pjncture needle are connected with bull stick 56, fixedly connected with clamp splice 54 on the bull stick 56, fixedly connected with diaphragm 55 on the clamp splice 54, seted up on pjncture needle 5's the lateral wall with diaphragm 55 complex groove, montant 51's bottom offsets with diaphragm 55 intermittent type, montant 51's bottom fixedly connected with stay cord 57, the one end fixed connection that montant 51 was kept away from to stay cord 57 is on diaphragm 55, the quantity of clamp splice 54 specifically is two, and two clamp splices 54 mutually support and symmetric distribution in pjncture needle 5.

Referring to fig. 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7, when the push plate 41 is pushed to pierce the piercing needle 5 into the human body, the piercing needle 5 is more tightly attached to the bottom surface of the first cylinder 44 due to the resistance of the human body, and then the first cylinder 44 applies pressure to the limit ring 52 to make the vertical rod 51 slide downward against the resistance of the spring 53, and then the bottom of the vertical rod 51 presses the horizontal plate 55, so that the clamping block 54 is turned over, and then the bottom of the piercing needle 5 is no longer blocked by the two clamping blocks 54, and when the piercing depth reaches a level at which the negative pressure state in the negative pressure box 3 is released, the spherical air bag 39 in the negative pressure box 3 is contracted to be in the original state, and then the air sucked out by the spherical air bag 39 in the original annular air bag 46 returns to the annular air bag 46, and then the annular air bag 46 is expanded again and presses the U-shaped positioning rod 48, so that the two ends of the U-shaped positioning rod 48 are no longer in contact with the piercing needle 5, and then the connection between the puncture needle 5 and the second cylinder 45 is not firm any more, at this time, negative pressure is not present in the negative pressure box 3 any more, and the suction cup 38 is not adsorbed on the skin of the human body any more, at this time, the negative pressure box 3 together with the cylinder 2 and the mounting cylinder 1 can be more easily taken down and is not contacted with the human body any more, at this time, the puncture needle 5 still exists on the human body, and the friction force between the puncture needle 5 and the second cylinder 45 is smaller than the friction force between the puncture needle 5 and the human body, and then the puncture needle 5 can be remained on the human body, and after the puncture needle 5 is separated from the contact with the second cylinder 45, the limit ring 52 is not stressed any more, and then the vertical rod 51 slides upwards under the action of the spring 53, and then the vertical rod 51 sliding upwards pulls the transverse plate 55 through the pull rope 57 to make the clamping block 54 swing towards the horizontal direction, at this time, the two clamping blocks 54 swing towards each other, so as to clamp the connection between the sample sucked in the puncture needle 5 and block the puncture needle 5, the withdrawn sample is prevented from falling out of the puncture needle 5.

The working principle is as follows: when the puncture biopsy device for preoperative pathological diagnosis of liver cancer is used, the fastening nail 21 is rotationally adjusted, so that the fastening nail 21 does not abut against the mounting cylinder 1, at the moment, the cylinder 2 can relatively slide relative to the mounting cylinder 1, further changing the distance between the bottom end of the puncture needle 5 and the bottom surface of the cylinder 2, screwing the fastening nail 21 when the cylinder 2 is adjusted to a proper position to ensure that the position of the cylinder 2 and the position of the installation cylinder 1 are not changed any more, attaching the sucker 38 on the skin of a human body, the positions of the bottom surface of the installation cylinder 1 and the bottom surface of the cylinder 2 are changed through the adjustment of the actions, and further, the puncture depth of the puncture needle 5 can be changed when the push plate 41 is pushed to enable the puncture needle 5 to extend out of the mounting tube 1, so that the puncture depth can be adapted to the depth of puncture sampling required by different patients, and the puncture needle 5 can puncture the deepest state in both the figures 1 and 2.

After the puncture position and the depth are determined, the circle center of the cylinder 2 is over against the puncture position and the sucker 38 is attached to the skin of a human body, the cylinder 2 and the negative pressure box 3 support the installation cylinder 1 together, the bottom surface of the negative pressure box 3 is large enough, so that the stability of the installation cylinder 1 is better, the puncture sampling position is more accurate, then, the push plate 41 is pushed manually, the push plate 41 drives the piston plate 42 to slide downwards in the installation cylinder 1 through the push rod 4, further, the space on the upper part of the piston plate 42 in the installation cylinder 1 is increased to generate negative pressure, air in the negative pressure box 3 is sucked into the installation cylinder 1 through the first air pipe 12 under the action of the negative pressure, further, the negative pressure is generated in the negative pressure box 3, as the sucker 38 is communicated with the negative pressure box 3 through the connecting pipe 37, further, the sucker 38 can be adsorbed to the sucker on the skin of the human body under the action of the negative pressure box 3, so that the contact between the negative pressure box 3 and the human body is firmer, because the mounting cylinder 1 is fixed on the cylinder 2 through the fastening nail 21, and the cylinder 2 is fixedly connected with the negative pressure box 3, the position of the mounting cylinder 1 is firmer, the offset is not easy to occur, and the accurate position of puncture sampling is ensured;

when the piston plate 42 continuously slides downwards in the mounting tube 1, more and more air in the negative pressure box 3 is adsorbed, the vacuum degree of the negative pressure box 3 is higher and higher, at the moment, the circular truncated cone block 34 can overcome the pulling force of the first tension spring 35 to move towards the negative pressure box 3 under the action of atmospheric pressure, the pressure stabilizing tube 31 is in a through state, further external air can enter a small part of the negative pressure box 3 through the pressure stabilizing tube 31, when the external air enters the negative pressure box 3, the vacuum degree in the negative pressure box 3 is instantly reduced, at the moment, the circular truncated cone block 34 moves in the opposite direction under the action of the first tension spring 35 to continuously block the pressure stabilizing tube 31, the first tension spring 35 has certain pulling force to offset the atmospheric pressure, so that a small part of the external air enters the negative pressure box 3 through the pressure stabilizing tube 31 but still has certain vacuum degree in the negative pressure box 3, and when a small part of the air enters the negative pressure box 3, the vacuum degree in the negative pressure box 3 is reduced, so that the piston plate 42 can continue to move downwards in the mounting cylinder 1, and the situation that the push plate 41 cannot be pushed due to overlarge negative pressure is avoided;

the first one-way valve 13 is arranged on the first air pipe 12, so that air in the installation cylinder 1 cannot flow back into the negative pressure box 3, and the situation that the piston plate 42 moves upwards to bring the puncture needle 5 out of a human body when thrust is not applied to the push plate 41 and the penetration is not completed is avoided.

The puncture needle 5 is inserted in the second cylinder 45 in an initial state, the puncture needle 5 cannot be separated from the second cylinder 45 by virtue of the friction force between the puncture needle 5 and the second cylinder 45, the spherical air bag 39 arranged in the negative pressure box 3 expands under the action of negative pressure when the push plate 41 is pushed to enable the negative pressure state to be formed in the negative pressure box 3, the spherical air bag 39 is communicated with the annular air bag 46 through the second air pipe 47, then the air in the annular air bag 46 is pumped into the spherical air bag 39, at the moment, the annular air bag 46 contracts, further the annular air bag 46 does not extrude the U-shaped positioning rod 48, at the moment, the horizontal section of the U-shaped positioning rod 48 slides towards the axial direction of the second cylinder 45 under the action of the second tension spring 491, further, two ends of the U-shaped positioning rod 48 can contact the puncture needle 5 and apply pressure to the puncture needle 5, so that the puncture needle 5 is connected with the second cylinder 45 more firmly, the sliding of the U-shaped positioning rod 48 occurs on the premise that the pushing plate 41 is pushed to puncture, so that the connection between the puncture needle 5 and the second cylinder 45 is firmer during puncturing;

when the pushing plate 41 is pushed continuously, the first cylinder 44 is closer to the negative pressure box 3, and the first L-shaped tube 441 fixedly connected to the first cylinder 44 is closer to the second L-shaped tube 442 on the negative pressure box 3, and the first cylinder 44 moves downwards to finally insert the first L-shaped tube 441 into the second L-shaped tube 442, because the sliding block 43 on the piston plate 42 slides in the sliding slot 11 on the mounting tube 1, the piston plate 42 does not rotate while sliding axially, and the first cylinder 44 fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston plate 42 does not rotate, and further the first L-shaped tube 441 on the first cylinder 44 can be accurately inserted into the second L-shaped tube 442, and when the puncture needle 5 reaches a depth to be punctured, the annular burr 444 on the first L-shaped tube 441 contacts the plastic thin plate 443 in the second L-shaped tube 442 and punctures the plastic thin plate 443, at the moment, the negative pressure box 3 is communicated with the puncture needle 5 through the second L-shaped tube 442, the first L-shaped tube 441 and the first cylinder 44, so that the negative pressure in the negative pressure box 3 is released, the puncture needle 5 samples and extracts cells on the liver under the action of the negative pressure, and the extracted cells enter the puncture needle 5;

when the push plate 41 is pushed to pierce the piercing needle 5 into the human body, the piercing needle 5 is more tightly attached to the bottom surface of the first cylinder 44 due to the resistance of the human body, then the first cylinder 44 applies pressure to the limit ring 52 to enable the vertical rod 51 to overcome the resistance of the spring 53 to slide downwards, further the bottom of the vertical rod 51 extrudes the transverse plate 55, the clamping blocks 54 are turned over, further the bottom of the piercing needle 5 is not blocked by the two clamping blocks 54, the spherical air bag 39 in the negative pressure box 3 is contracted into the original state after the negative pressure state in the negative pressure box 3 is relieved when the piercing depth reaches, further the air sucked out by the spherical air bag 39 in the original annular air bag 46 returns to the annular air bag 46, further the annular air bag 46 is expanded again and extrudes the U-shaped positioning rod 48, so that the two ends of the U-shaped positioning rod 48 are not contacted with the piercing needle 5, further the connection between the piercing needle 5 and the second cylinder 45 is not firm, at the moment, the negative pressure in the negative pressure box 3 is not released any more, and the sucker 38 is not adsorbed on the skin of the human body, at the moment, the negative pressure box 3, the cylinder 2 and the installation cylinder 1 can be more easily taken down and are not contacted with the human body any more, at the moment, the puncture needle 5 still exists on the human body, and the friction force between the puncture needle 5 and the second cylinder 45 is smaller than the friction force between the puncture needle 5 and the human body, and the puncture needle 5 is left on the human body, and the retainer ring 52 is not pressed any more after the puncture needle 5 is removed from contact with the second cylinder 45, the vertical rod 51 slides upwards under the action of the spring 53, and the vertical rod 51 sliding upwards pulls the transverse plate 55 through the pull rope 57 to enable the clamping blocks 54 to swing towards the horizontal direction, at the moment, the two clamping blocks 54 swing oppositely, so that the connection between the sample sucked in the puncture needle 5 and the liver is clamped and the puncture needle 5 is blocked, and the extracted sample is prevented from falling out of the puncture needle 5;

only need afterwards take out pjncture needle 5 alone can, refer to lever principle, the total length of installation section of thick bamboo 1 and pjncture needle 5 is longer, if installation section of thick bamboo 1 takes out simultaneously with pjncture needle 5 then can cause pjncture needle 5's swing range too big, can injure other tissues of human body by mistake, then can not cause swing by a relatively large margin when having broken away from pjncture needle 5 of installation section of thick bamboo 1 and taking out again, the sample only remains in pjncture needle 5 simultaneously for pjncture needle 5 breaks away from installation section of thick bamboo 1 and also is more convenient when examining the assay in the later stage.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.