阅读说明：本技术 一种控制方法、控制装置以及电动牙刷 (Control method, control device and electric toothbrush ) 是由 王肖友 于 2021-10-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本专利属于电动牙刷领域,涉及一种控制方法,包括获取第一按键的第一按压信号；根据所述第一按压信号生成第一控制指令,所述第一控制指令控制所述电动牙刷的电机由第一力度变化至第二力度；获取第一按键的第二按压信号；根据所述第二按压信号生成第二控制指令,所述第二控制指令控制所述牙刷的电机返回到所述第一力度。还涉及一种控制装置和一种电动牙刷。本专利能够实现增强电动牙刷的刷牙力度并快速切换回原有的刷牙力度,有效提升用户的使用感受。(The patent belongs to the field of electric toothbrushes and relates to a control method which comprises the steps of obtaining a first pressing signal of a first key; generating a first control instruction according to the first pressing signal, wherein the first control instruction controls a motor of the electric toothbrush to change from a first force to a second force; acquiring a second pressing signal of the first key; and generating a second control instruction according to the second pressing signal, wherein the second control instruction controls a motor of the toothbrush to return to the first force. It also relates to a control device and an electric toothbrush. This patent can realize reinforcing electric toothbrush's the dynamics of brushing teeth and fast switch back original dynamics of brushing teeth, effectively promotes user's use impression.)

1. A control method, comprising,

acquiring a first pressing signal of a first key;

generating a first control instruction according to the first pressing signal, wherein the first control instruction controls a motor of the electric toothbrush to change from a first force to a second force;

acquiring a second pressing signal of the first key;

and generating a second control instruction according to the second pressing signal, wherein the second control instruction controls a motor of the toothbrush to return to the first force.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first depression signal of the first key comprises a continuous signal corresponding to the first key being depressed.

3. A control method according to claim 2, wherein the second depression signal of the first key comprises a signal corresponding to the release of the first key.

4. The control method according to claim 1, wherein the first pressing signal of the first key comprises a signal corresponding to pressing the first key.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the second pressing signal of the first key comprises a signal corresponding to a second pressing of the first key.

6. The method of claim 4, wherein the second pressing signal of the first key comprises that no signal corresponding to the pressing of the first key is received within a predetermined time range.

7. The control method according to claim 3, wherein the first pressing signal of the first key includes a signal corresponding to a pressing force of the first key in a pressed state, and the pressing force is positively correlated with the force of the motor.

8. A control device, comprising,

the first signal acquisition module acquires a first pressing signal;

the second signal acquisition module acquires a second pressing signal;

the controller generates a first control instruction according to the first pressing signal, and the first control instruction controls a motor of the electric toothbrush to increase from a first force to a second force; and the controller generates a second control instruction according to the second pressing signal, and the second control instruction controls the motor of the electric toothbrush to return to the first force.

9. The control device as claimed in claim 8, wherein the first depression signal of the first key comprises a continuous signal corresponding to the first key being depressed.

10. The control device of claim 9, wherein the second depression signal of the first key comprises a signal corresponding to the release of the first key.

11. The control device as claimed in claim 8, wherein the first pressing signal of the first key comprises a signal corresponding to pressing the first key.

12. The control device of claim 11, wherein the second depression signal of the first key comprises a signal corresponding to a further depression of the first key.

13. The control device of claim 11, wherein the second depression signal of the first key comprises a failure to receive a signal corresponding to depression of the first key within a predetermined time frame.

14. The control device according to claim 10, wherein the first pressing signal of the first button includes a signal corresponding to a pressing force of the first button in a pressed state, and the pressing force is positively correlated with the force of the motor.

15. An electric toothbrush comprising a control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or a control device according to any one of claims 8 to 14.

Technical Field

The patent belongs to the field of electric toothbrushes, and particularly relates to a control method, a control device and an electric toothbrush.

Background

The electric toothbrush rotates or vibrates rapidly through the motor core, so that the brush head of the electric toothbrush is driven to generate high-frequency vibration, and the function of cleaning teeth is achieved.

In the prior art, different forces of the electric toothbrush head are achieved by changing different gears or tooth brushing modes of the electric toothbrush. In the process of tooth brushing, if one of the oral cavities is intensively cleaned, the electric toothbrush needs to be adjusted to a proper gear or a proper mode, and after the cleaning is finished, if the original tooth brushing strength is restored, the gear or the mode needs to be adjusted again, so that the operation process is complex and tedious.

Disclosure of Invention

The patent is provided based on the above requirements of the prior art, and the technical problem to be solved by the patent is to provide a control method and device of an electric toothbrush and concise switching for realizing strengthening of the brushing strength of the electric toothbrush.

In order to solve the above problem, the technical scheme provided by the patent comprises:

the control method comprises the steps of acquiring a first pressing signal of a first key; generating a first control instruction according to the first pressing signal, wherein the first control instruction controls a motor of the electric toothbrush to change from a first force to a second force; acquiring a second pressing signal of the first key; and generating a second control instruction according to the second pressing signal, wherein the second control instruction controls a motor of the toothbrush to return to the first force. The method realizes the simple switching of the vibration strength of the motor.

Preferably, the first pressing signal of the first key includes a continuous signal corresponding to pressing of the first key.

Preferably, the second pressing signal of the first key includes a signal corresponding to releasing the first key.

Preferably, the first pressing signal of the first key includes a signal corresponding to pressing of the first key.

Preferably, the second pressing signal of the first key includes a signal corresponding to pressing the first key again.

Preferably, the second pressing signal of the first key includes that a signal corresponding to pressing of the first key is not received within a predetermined time range.

Preferably, the first pressing signal of the first key includes a force with which the first key is pressed, and the force is positively correlated with the force of the motor.

The control device comprises a first signal acquisition module, a second signal acquisition module and a control module, wherein the first signal acquisition module acquires a first pressing signal; the second signal acquisition module acquires a second pressing signal; the controller generates a first control instruction according to the first pressing signal, and the first control instruction controls a motor of the electric toothbrush to increase from a first force to a second force; and the controller generates a second control instruction according to the second pressing signal, and the second control instruction controls the motor of the electric toothbrush to return to the first force.

Preferably, the first pressing signal of the first key includes a continuous signal corresponding to pressing of the first key.

Preferably, the second pressing signal of the first key includes a signal corresponding to releasing the first key.

Preferably, the first pressing signal of the first key includes a signal corresponding to pressing of the first key.

Preferably, the second pressing signal of the first key includes a signal corresponding to pressing the first key again.

Preferably, the second pressing signal of the first key includes that a signal corresponding to pressing of the first key is not received within a predetermined time range.

Preferably, the first pressing signal of the first key includes a pressing force of the first key, and the pressing force is positively correlated with the vibration force of the motor.

There is provided an electric toothbrush characterized by comprising any one of the above-described control methods or any one of the above-described control devices.

Compared with the prior art, this patent can realize reinforcing electric toothbrush's motor vibration dynamics and fast switch over back original motor vibration dynamics, has the real-time simultaneously, can effectively promote user's use impression.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the embodiments of the present specification, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating the steps of a control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a block diagram of a control device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the term "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, which may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, which may be a direct connection, or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

The terms "top," "bottom," "above … …," "below," and "on … …" as used throughout the description are relative positions with respect to components of the device, such as the relative positions of the top and bottom substrates inside the device. It will be appreciated that the devices are multifunctional, regardless of their orientation in space.

For the purpose of facilitating understanding of the embodiments of the present application, the following description will be made in terms of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present application.

Example 1

The present embodiment provides a method of controlling a power toothbrush, referring to fig. 1.

S1 obtains a first pressing signal of the first key.

S2, generating a first control instruction according to the first pressing signal, wherein the first control instruction controls the motor of the toothbrush to increase from a first force to a second force.

When the key is pressed to transmit high level and when the key is released to transmit low level, the first key is pressed, and the level transmitted by the key is changed from low level to high level. In the above case, the first push signal is a signal in which the level of the key changes from low level to high level.

When the key is pressed to transmit low level and when the key is released to transmit high level, the first key is pressed, and the level transmitted by the key is changed from high level to low level. In the above case, the first push signal is a signal in which the level of the key is changed from the high level to the low level.

The first pressing signal comprises a continuous signal corresponding to the first key in a pressing state.

Specifically, the first pressing signal comprises a signal generated when the user continuously presses the first key.

The arrangement can realize real-time performance of the control method, and when the user presses the first key, the acceleration function of the control method is activated immediately.

When the controller acquires the signal of the first key, a first control instruction is generated, the first control instruction controls the motor of the electric toothbrush to increase from a first force to a second force, and the second force is greater than the first force.

For example, the electric toothbrush is provided with a first button capable of controlling the vibration strength of the electric motor, and when the electric toothbrush is not operated, the user presses the first button, so that the electric toothbrush does not produce any effect. When the electric toothbrush is in operation and a user presses the first key, the controller receives the first pressing signal and sends a first control instruction, and the function of the electric toothbrush for enhancing the vibration strength of the motor is activated and continuously vibrates with a second force larger than the original first force.

Further, the pressing force of the first key can influence and control the vibration strength of the brush head of the electric toothbrush.

Further, adjusting the vibration force of the brush head includes, but is not limited to, increasing the power of the motor, changing the operating frequency of the motor, and increasing the power of the motor while changing the operating frequency of the motor.

The increasing of the power of the motor is realized by increasing the power supply voltage of the motor under the condition that the driving signal is not changed, so that the power of the motor is correspondingly increased; the duty ratio of the driving signal is increased under the condition that the power supply voltage is unchanged, so that the power of the motor is correspondingly increased.

The change of the working frequency of the motor is realized by changing the frequency of a driving signal, and the force of the electric toothbrush brush head is changed along with the change of the working frequency of the motor in a general way, including that the force of the electric toothbrush brush head is increased along with the increase of the working frequency of the motor; the force of the electric toothbrush brush head is reduced along with the increase of the working frequency of the motor. According to the change mode of different toothbrush heads along with the working frequency of the motor, the change of the working frequency of the motor is controlled, and further the vibration force of the brush head of the electric toothbrush is increased.

The power of the motor is increased while the working frequency of the motor is changed, and the vibration force of the brush head of the electric toothbrush is increased by combining the two modes.

Illustratively, the duty cycle of the drive signal is 50% during normal operation of the electric toothbrush. The user needs to temporarily increase the brushing force to clean the teeth during the use process, and presses the first button. A user presses the first key with the force A, a controller in the electric toothbrush sends a control instruction, and the electric toothbrush is controlled to operate in a mode that the duty ratio of the driving signal is 70% so as to increase the vibration force of the motor; the user wants to brush teeth with more strength, continuously presses the first key with more strength B than A, and the controller receives relevant signals and operates in a mode that the duty ratio of the driving signals is 100%; when the user finds that the tooth brushing strength is too high in the mode that the duty ratio of the driving signal is 100%, and wants to reduce the tooth brushing strength, the first key is continuously pressed with the strength C which is larger than the strength A and smaller than the strength B, and the controller receives the relevant signal and operates in the mode that the duty ratio of the driving signal is 90%. In the process that the user presses the first key with different force, the first key is always in a pressed state, and only the pressing force of the user on the first key is changed. The larger the pressing force degree of the first key is, the larger the vibration force of the motor of the electric toothbrush is, and when the pressing force degree of the first key is adjusted to further adjust the vibration force of the electric toothbrush head, the vibration force of the motor of the electric toothbrush after the first key is pressed is larger than the original vibration force, namely, the vibration force is changed from the first force degree to the second force degree.

The first pressing signal comprises a signal corresponding to pressing of the first key.

Further, when the controller receives that the level of the first key changes, the controller sends a first control instruction to control the motor of the electric toothbrush to increase from the original first force to a second force.

For example, the electric toothbrush is provided with a first key capable of controlling the vibration strength of the brush head of the electric toothbrush, and when the electric toothbrush is not operated, a user presses the first key, so that the electric toothbrush cannot produce any effect. When the electric toothbrush is in operation, a user presses the first key, the level of the first key changes, the controller sends a first control instruction after acquiring a first pressing signal, the function of enhancing the vibration strength of the motor of the electric toothbrush is activated, and at the moment, the motor is increased to a second strength from an original first strength, so that a larger strength is provided for the brush head of the electric toothbrush.

S3 obtains a second pressing signal of the first key.

S4, generating a second control instruction according to the second pressing signal, wherein the second control instruction controls the motor of the toothbrush to return to the first force.

The acquiring of the second pressing signal of the first key comprises a signal corresponding to releasing of the first key.

Further, the second pressing signal of the first key comprises a signal generated when the user does not press the first key any more.

And the continuous signal corresponding to the state that the first key is pressed corresponds to the signal corresponding to the release of the first key, and the motor vibration strength of the electric toothbrush is controlled together.

And activating the function of increasing the vibration strength of the motor of the electric toothbrush by the continuous signal corresponding to the state that the first key is pressed, and generating a second control instruction by the controller when the first key is released, namely a second pressing signal of the first key is received, wherein the second control instruction controls the motor of the electric toothbrush to return to the first strength.

Specifically, the function of controlling the motor vibration intensity of the electric toothbrush is activated by the user pressing the first button, the sustained pressing of the hold button is deactivated by releasing the first button.

Illustratively, during the operation of the electric toothbrush, the user continuously presses the first key, and the vibration strength of the motor of the electric toothbrush is changed from the first strength to the second strength. When the user wants to cancel the larger force, the pressing of the first key is released, the controller receives a second pressing signal of the first key and generates a second control instruction according to the second pressing signal, the second control instruction controls the motor of the toothbrush to return to the first force, and the first force is the force of the motor before the user presses the first key. At this time, the vibration strength of the motor of the electric toothbrush is a first strength, namely the vibration strength of the motor in the electric toothbrush before the user presses the first key.

The second pressing signal of the first key comprises a signal corresponding to pressing the first key again.

And the signal corresponding to the pressing of the first key corresponds to the signal corresponding to the pressing of the first key again, and the vibration strength of the motor of the electric toothbrush is controlled together.

And activating the function of increasing the vibration strength of the brush head of the electric toothbrush by a signal corresponding to pressing the first key, and generating a second control instruction by the controller when receiving a signal corresponding to pressing the first key again, namely receiving a second pressing signal of the first key, wherein the second control instruction controls the motor of the electric toothbrush to return to the first strength from the first strength.

In particular, the function of controlling the vibration intensity of the motor of the electric toothbrush is activated by the user pressing the first key and deactivated by pressing the first key again.

Illustratively, during the working process of the electric toothbrush, the user presses and releases the first key once, and receives a first pressing signal of the first key to activate the function of increasing the vibration strength of the motor of the electric toothbrush, so that the first strength is changed into the second strength. When the user wants to cancel the larger force, the first key is pressed again and released, the controller receives a second pressing signal of the first key and generates a second control instruction according to the second pressing signal, and the second control instruction controls the motor of the toothbrush to return to the first force.

The second pressing signal of the first key comprises that a signal corresponding to the pressing of the first key is not received within a preset time range.

And controlling the vibration strength of the motor together corresponding to the signal corresponding to the pressing of the first key and the fact that the signal corresponding to the pressing of the first key is not received within a preset time range.

And activating the function of increasing the vibration strength of the motor of the electric toothbrush under the signal corresponding to the pressing of the first key, wherein when the signal corresponding to the pressing of the first key is not received within a preset time range, namely a second pressing signal of the first key is received, the controller generates a second control instruction, and the second control instruction controls the motor of the electric toothbrush to return to the first strength.

Specifically, when the function of the vibration strength of the motor of the electric toothbrush is controlled, the function is activated by the user pressing the first button, and the function is turned off by the user without performing other operations on the button within a specific time.

Illustratively, during the working process of the electric toothbrush, the user presses and releases the first key once, and receives a first pressing signal of the first key to activate the function of increasing the vibration strength of the motor of the electric toothbrush. The function is stopped for a prescribed period of time. And the controller receives a second pressing signal of the first key and generates a second control instruction according to the second pressing signal, and the second control instruction controls the motor of the toothbrush to return to the first force.

Example 2

The embodiment provides a control device, which includes a first signal obtaining module, a second signal obtaining module and a controller, referring to fig. 2.

A first signal acquisition module capable of acquiring a first press signal.

The first pressing signal comprises a continuous signal corresponding to the first key in a pressing state.

The first pressing signal comprises a signal corresponding to pressing of the first key.

A second signal acquisition module capable of acquiring a second press signal.

The acquiring of the second pressing signal of the first key comprises a signal corresponding to releasing of the first key.

The obtaining of the second pressing signal of the first key includes a signal corresponding to pressing the first key again.

The obtaining of the second pressing signal of the first key includes that a signal corresponding to pressing of the first key is not received within a preset time range.

The controller generates a first control instruction according to the first pressing signal, and the first control instruction controls a motor of the toothbrush to increase from a first force to a second force; and the controller generates a second control instruction according to the second pressing signal, and the second control instruction controls the motor of the toothbrush to return to the first force.

And the continuous signal corresponding to the state that the first key is pressed corresponds to the signal corresponding to the release of the first key, and the motor vibration strength of the electric toothbrush is controlled together.

Specifically, the function of controlling the motor vibration intensity of the electric toothbrush is activated by the user pressing the first button, the sustained pressing of the hold button is deactivated by releasing the first button.

Further, the pressing force of the first key can influence and control the vibration strength of the brush head of the electric toothbrush.

For example, the electric toothbrush is provided with a first key capable of controlling the vibration strength of the brush head of the electric toothbrush, and when the electric toothbrush is not operated, a user presses the first key, so that the electric toothbrush cannot produce any effect. When the electric toothbrush is in operation, a user presses the first key, the controller sends out a first control instruction, and the function of the electric toothbrush for enhancing the vibration strength of the brush head is activated and continuously vibrates with a second strength larger than the original first strength. When the user wants to cancel the larger force, the pressing of the first key is released, the controller receives a second pressing signal of the first key and generates a second control instruction according to the second pressing signal, the second control instruction controls the motor of the toothbrush to return to the first force, and the first force is the force of the motor before the user presses the first key.

And the signal corresponding to the pressing of the first key corresponds to the signal corresponding to the pressing of the first key again, and the vibration strength of the motor of the electric toothbrush is controlled together.

Specifically, the function of controlling the motor vibration intensity of the electric toothbrush is activated by the user pressing the first button, and is deactivated by the user pressing the first button again.

For example, the electric toothbrush is provided with a first key capable of controlling the vibration strength of the brush head of the electric toothbrush, and when the electric toothbrush is not operated, a user presses the first key, so that the electric toothbrush cannot produce any effect. When the electric toothbrush is in operation, when a user presses the first key, the first key signal changes, the controller sends a first control instruction, the function of enhancing the vibration strength of the motor of the electric toothbrush is activated, the motor is increased to a second strength from the original first strength, and a larger strength is provided for the brush head of the electric toothbrush. When the user wants to cancel the larger force, the first key is pressed again and released, the controller receives a second pressing signal of the first key and generates a second control instruction according to the second pressing signal, the second control instruction controls the motor of the toothbrush to return to the first force, and the first force is the force of the motor before the user presses the first key.

And controlling the vibration strength of the motor together corresponding to the signal corresponding to the pressing of the first key and the fact that the signal corresponding to the pressing of the first key is not received within a preset time range.

Specifically, when the function of the vibration strength of the motor of the electric toothbrush is controlled, the function is activated by the user pressing the first key, and the function is closed by the user without performing other operations on the first key within a specific time.

Further, a specific stop time can be set, and the function of increasing the vibration strength of the toothbrush motor is stopped after the function lasts for a specified time period. The user presses the first key to activate the function of increasing the vibration strength of the toothbrush, the controller generates a first control instruction, and the vibration strength of the motor is increased from a first strength to a second strength. And in a set specific time, the user does not perform other operations on the first key, the controller receives a second pressing signal of the first key and generates a second control instruction according to the second pressing signal, and the second control instruction controls the motor of the toothbrush to return to the first force.

Example 3

The present embodiment provides a power toothbrush.

The electric toothbrush comprises a brush head and a brush handle, wherein a first key is arranged on the brush handle.

The first key increases the vibration strength of a motor in the electric toothbrush.

The functions comprise the following implementation modes:

in a first mode, when the electric toothbrush is not operated, the user presses the first button, and the electric toothbrush does not produce any effect. When the electric toothbrush is in operation, a user presses the first key, the controller sends out a first control command, and the function of the electric toothbrush for enhancing the vibration strength of the motor is activated and continuously vibrates with a second strength larger than the original first strength. When the user wants to cancel the larger force, the user releases the pressing of the first key, the controller receives a second pressing signal of the first key and generates a second control instruction according to the second pressing signal, and the second control instruction controls the motor of the toothbrush to return to the first force. Further, the pressing force of the first key can influence and control the vibration strength of the brush head of the electric toothbrush.

In a second mode, when the electric toothbrush is not operated, the user presses the first button, and the electric toothbrush does not produce any effect. When the electric toothbrush is in operation, the user presses the first key once, the first key signal changes, the controller receives the first pressing signal and sends a first control instruction, the function of enhancing the vibration strength of the motor of the electric toothbrush is activated, and at the moment, the motor is increased to a second strength from an original first strength, so that a larger strength is provided for the brush head of the electric toothbrush. When the user wants to cancel the larger force, the first key is pressed again and loosened, the controller receives a second pressing signal of the first key and generates a second control instruction according to the second pressing signal, and the second control instruction controls the vibration force of the motor of the toothbrush to return to the first force.

In the third mode, a specific stop time can be set, and the toothbrush stops when the function of increasing the vibration strength of the toothbrush motor continues for a specified time period. The user presses the first key to activate the function of increasing the vibration strength of the toothbrush, the controller generates a first control instruction, and the vibration strength of the motor is increased from a first strength to a second strength. And in a set specific time, the user does not perform other operations on the first key, the controller receives a second pressing signal of the first key and generates a second control instruction according to the second pressing signal, and the second control instruction controls the motor of the toothbrush to return to the first force.

It should be noted that the above mentioned only realizes a part of the above functions, and the scope of the patent protection includes the modifications of the above realization modes, such as double-clicking the first key, etc.

And a module with an induction function is arranged below the first key.

Preferably, a pressure sensor is disposed below the first button, and when the first button is pressed and a signal generated by a pressing manner is the first pressing signal, the pressure sensor can transmit the pressure to a control unit of the electric toothbrush.

Preferably, an ultrasonic sensor is disposed below the first button, and when the first button is pressed and a signal generated by a pressing manner is the first pressing signal, the ultrasonic sensor can detect a compression deformation amount of the first button region and transmit the compression deformation amount to a control unit of the electric toothbrush.

Preferably, an elastic metal is disposed below the first key, and when the first key is pressed and a signal generated by a pressing manner is the first pressing signal, the elastic metal is deformed under the pressing, and an electrical parameter, such as a capacitance, of the elastic metal changes correspondingly. The electrical parameter is monitored and transmitted to a control unit of the electric toothbrush to characterize the magnitude of the pressing pressure.

Preferably, an elastic device is arranged below the first key, a permanent magnet is arranged on the elastic device, a hall sensor is fixedly arranged at a position opposite to the permanent magnet, and when the first key is pressed to deform the elastic device, the position of the permanent magnet changes accordingly, so that the magnetic flux of the hall sensor changes correspondingly. Transmitting the value of the Hall sensor to a control unit of the electric toothbrush to represent the magnitude of the pressing pressure.

The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application are described in further detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the present application.