阅读说明：本技术 一种透光混凝土模具的三维打印方法 (Three-dimensional printing method of light-transmitting concrete mold ) 是由 樊先平 陈敬 王康 董梦杭 于 2021-09-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及透光混凝土制造领域,具体是一种透光混凝土模具的三维打印方法：A.根据需要的透光混凝土图案,设计计算出每层打印固定导光纤维时打印喷头需要运动到的固定点；B.将导光纤维的首端固定在塑料板上,然后打印光固化胶边框,同时利用激光头照射使其固化；C.打印完光固化胶边框以后,打印喷头依次移动到导光纤维的固定点；D.打印喷头依次经过导光纤维的固定点,打印固定导光纤维,完成一层导光纤维的打印固定；E.打印完一层模具,打印喷头向上抬一段距离,依次重复第一层打印光固化胶边框和打印固定导光纤维的步骤直到最后一层；F.打印完最后一层模具,将导光纤维剪断得到完整的透光混凝土模具。(The invention relates to the field of light-transmitting concrete manufacturing, in particular to a three-dimensional printing method of a light-transmitting concrete mold, which comprises the following steps: A. designing and calculating a fixed point to which a printing nozzle needs to move when each layer of printing fixed light guide fiber according to a required light-transmitting concrete pattern; B. fixing the head end of the light guide fiber on a plastic plate, then printing a photocuring adhesive frame, and simultaneously irradiating by using a laser head to cure the photocuring adhesive frame; C. after the photo-curing adhesive frame is printed, the printing nozzles sequentially move to the fixed points of the light guide fibers; D. the printing nozzle sequentially passes through the fixed points of the light guide fibers to print and fix the light guide fibers, so that the printing and fixing of one layer of light guide fibers are completed; E. after printing a layer of mould, lifting the printing nozzle upwards for a certain distance, and sequentially repeating the steps of printing the photo-curing adhesive frame and printing the fixed light guide fiber on the first layer until the last layer; F. and printing the last layer of the mould, and shearing the light guide fiber to obtain the complete light-transmitting concrete mould.)

1. A three-dimensional printing method of a light-transmitting concrete mold comprises a printing nozzle, a light guide fiber feeding mechanism, a light curing glue feeding mechanism and a printing tray, and is characterized in that: the printing nozzle is provided with a light guide fiber discharge port, a light curing glue outlet and a laser head arranged outside the printing nozzle; the printing nozzle is provided with moving mechanisms in X, Y, Z three-axis directions; the specific printing method is as follows:

A. the design determines the fixed point of each layer of optical fiber: printing the light-transmitting concrete mould layer by layer from bottom to top, and designing and calculating a fixed point to which a printing nozzle needs to move when each layer of light-transmitting concrete mould is used for printing fixed light-guiding fibers according to a required light-transmitting concrete pattern; fixing a plastic plate on the printing tray, then printing the geometric center to which the spray head moves, and simultaneously leaving a gap between the printing spray head and the plastic plate;

B. printing a photo-curing adhesive frame: the method comprises the following steps that light guide fibers penetrate through a printing nozzle, are drawn out for a section and are fixed on a plastic plate, then printing is started, then a light-cured glue feeding mechanism feeds materials to the printing nozzle, the light-cured glue flows out from a light-cured glue outlet of the printing nozzle, the light-cured glue feeding mechanism is matched with moving discharging of the printing nozzle to print and stack a circle of light-cured glue frame, and a laser head irradiates the printed light-cured glue frame to be cured while the light-cured glue frame is printed;

C. preparation of printing fixed optical fiber: after the first circle of photo-curing adhesive frame is printed, the printing nozzle moves upwards by 1-3mm and moves to one side of the curing material frame, and then the fixed light guide fiber is printed in the direction vertical to the light-transmitting concrete wall;

D. fixing the light guide fiber: the printing nozzle sequentially passes through the light guide fiber fixing points, prints and fixes the light guide fibers, and moves to the next fixing point until the printing and fixing of one layer of light guide fibers are completed;

E. printing layer by layer: after the first layer of the mold is printed and fixed, the printing nozzle is lifted upwards by the thickness of a layer of the photo-curing adhesive frame, and the steps of printing the photo-curing adhesive frame on the first layer and printing and fixing the optical fibers are repeated until the last layer is reached; after printing a layer of mould, lifting the printing nozzle upwards for a certain distance, and sequentially repeating the steps of printing the photo-curing adhesive frame and printing the fixed light guide fiber on the first layer until the last layer;

F. and printing the last layer of the mould, and shearing the light guide fiber to obtain the complete light-transmitting concrete mould.

2. A three-dimensional printing method for a light transmissive concrete form as recited in claim 1, wherein: the process of printing the fixed optical fiber in the steps A, C and D is as follows: the printing nozzle and the printing tray stop moving relatively, the light-curing glue feeding mechanism feeds a small section of light-curing glue for the printing nozzle, the fed light-curing glue buries the light-guide fiber below, then the laser head irradiates the light-curing glue to enable the light-curing glue to be cured rapidly, and the cured light-curing glue fixes the light-guide fiber.

3. A three-dimensional printing method for a light transmissive concrete form as recited in claim 1, wherein: the laser head has two, the laser head shines the below of guide fiber discharge gate and photocuring material glue export respectively.

4. A three-dimensional printing method for a light transmissive concrete form as recited in claim 1, wherein: the light guide fiber discharge port, the light curing glue outlet and the laser head are positioned on the same straight line.

5. A three-dimensional printing method for a light transmissive concrete form as recited in claim 1, wherein: the light-cured glue outlet of the printing nozzle is elliptical, flat, rectangular and the like.

6. A three-dimensional printing method for a light transmissive concrete form as recited in claim 1, wherein: the radius of the light guide fiber discharge port of the printing nozzle is more than or equal to 1.1 times of the radius of the light guide fiber.

7. A three-dimensional printing method for a light transmissive concrete form as recited in claim 1, wherein: the light curing glue feeding mechanism is a spiral feeding mechanism; the light guide fiber feeding mechanism is a light guide fiber roller.

8. A three-dimensional printing method for a light transmissive concrete form as recited in claim 1, wherein: the gap between the printing nozzle and the plastic plate is 1-5 mm.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of light-transmitting concrete manufacturing, in particular to a three-dimensional printing method of a light-transmitting concrete mold.

Background

The light-transmitting concrete is formed by combining the light-transmitting fibers and the concrete, the content of the light-transmitting fibers in the light-transmitting concrete is low, the load-bearing structure cannot be influenced, and the strength of the concrete is not influenced negatively. The principle that concrete can transmit light is as follows: the light guide fibers between the two concrete planes are arranged in parallel in a matrix mode, and the light guide fibers can well transmit visible light and infrared light of different wave bands. When no light passes through the light-transmitting concrete, the concrete is as dark as ordinary concrete, but when light passes through the light-transmitting concrete, the light-transmitting concrete can show a specific pattern effect. The light-transmitting concrete has the characteristics of good flexural strength, good heat insulation, low carbon, environmental protection, high appreciation value and the like, and has wide application prospect.

The manufacturing process of the light-transmitting concrete is basically the same as that of common concrete, and the difference is that: the light guide fibers are dispersed in the concrete material, and a large amount of light-transmitting concrete is integrally poured and molded by combining light-transmitting concrete mold manufacturing, light-transmitting concrete light guide fiber distribution, a bare concrete formula and post-treatment process technology, and is polished at the later stage, and a layer of light-transmitting concrete protective agent is prepared. There are some problems in the production of light-transmitting concrete: 1. a specific pattern is often required to be obtained according to the arrangement of the light guide fibers, thicker light guide fibers are better fixed, but the fixing of thinner light guide fibers is very troublesome due to insufficient hardness; 2. the fixed optical fiber is large in quantity, the manual fixing mode is low in efficiency, the thin optical fiber fixing point is not accurate enough, and patterns with high resolution requirements cannot be displayed when the thin optical fiber is used.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a three-dimensional printing method of a light-transmitting concrete mould, which is used for fixing thinner light-guiding fibers, and simultaneously, the fixing points of the thinner light-guiding fibers are more accurately fixed, so that the thinner light-guiding fibers can display patterns with higher resolution requirements.

In order to solve the technical problems, the three-dimensional printing method of the light-transmitting concrete mold adopted by the invention comprises the following technical means: the device comprises a printing nozzle, a light guide fiber feeding mechanism, a light curing glue feeding mechanism and a printing tray; the printing nozzle is provided with a light guide fiber discharge port, a light curing glue outlet and a laser head arranged outside the printing nozzle; the printing nozzle is provided with moving mechanisms in X, Y, Z three-axis directions; the specific printing method is as follows:

A. the design determines the fixed point of each layer of optical fiber: printing the light-transmitting concrete mould layer by layer from bottom to top, and designing and calculating a fixed point to which a printing nozzle needs to move when each layer of light-transmitting concrete mould is used for printing fixed light-guiding fibers according to a required light-transmitting concrete pattern; fixing a plastic plate on the printing tray, then printing the geometric center to which the spray head moves, and simultaneously leaving a certain gap between the spray head and the plastic plate;

B. printing a photo-curing adhesive frame: the method comprises the following steps that light guide fibers penetrate through a printing nozzle, are drawn out for a section and are fixed on a plastic plate, then printing is started, then a light-cured glue feeding mechanism feeds materials to the printing nozzle, the light-cured glue flows out from a light-cured glue outlet of the printing nozzle, the light-cured glue feeding mechanism is matched with moving discharging of the printing nozzle to print and stack a circle of light-cured glue frame, and a laser head irradiates the printed light-cured glue frame to be cured while the light-cured glue frame is printed;

C. preparation of printing fixed optical fiber: after the first circle of photo-curing adhesive frame is printed, the printing nozzle moves upwards by 1-3mm and moves to one side of the curing material frame, and then the fixed light guide fiber is printed in the direction vertical to the light-transmitting concrete wall;

D. fixing the light guide fiber: the printing nozzle sequentially passes through the light guide fiber fixing points, prints and fixes the light guide fibers, and moves to the next fixing point until the printing and fixing of one layer of light guide fibers are completed;

E. printing layer by layer: after the first layer of the mold is printed and fixed, the printing nozzle is lifted upwards by the thickness of a layer of the photo-curing adhesive frame, and the steps of printing the photo-curing adhesive frame on the first layer and printing and fixing the optical fibers are repeated until the last layer is reached; after printing a layer of mould, lifting the printing nozzle upwards for a certain distance, and sequentially repeating the steps of printing the photo-curing adhesive frame and printing the fixed light guide fiber on the first layer until the last layer;

F. and printing the last layer of the mould, and shearing the light guide fiber to obtain the complete light-transmitting concrete mould.

The three-dimensional printing method of the light-transmitting concrete mold adopting the technical scheme has the following beneficial effects: 1. the printing mode is a layered mode, printing is carried out from bottom to top, the light guide fibers on each layer are fixed with the printed mould (namely the light-cured adhesive frame), the light guide fibers on each layer are fixed at a specific fixed point, the light-cured adhesive frame is printed firstly, then the light guide fibers are fixed on the solidified mould (namely the light-cured adhesive frame), and printing and fixing of the light guide fibers on the mould (namely the light-cured adhesive frame) on each layer are finished. 2. By adopting a three-dimensional printing mode, the light guide fibers of each layer can be arranged more closely, and the light transmission effect and the strength of the concrete are better under the condition that the volume of the light guide fibers is not more than 14% of the volume of the light transmission concrete; 3. each light guide fiber is equivalent to a pixel point, and the denser the light guide fibers are in the same area, the higher the resolution of the pattern formed by the light guide fibers is, so that the pattern effect displayed by the light-transmitting concrete is more visual and clear, and the light-transmitting effect is good; 4. the photo-curing glue frame printed in layers is adopted, the printed photo-curing frame is flexible and changeable, can be a rectangle formed by straight lines and can also be a photo-curing frame formed by curves, so that the shape of the photo-curing glue frame is changeable, the applicability is better, and the style of the light-transmitting concrete at the position manufactured by the mold is richer; 5. adopt three-dimensional layering to print printing light-transmitting concrete mould, when fixed thin (being less than or equal to 1mm) light guide fiber, compare in manual work, efficiency obviously improves, and the location of each layer of light guide fiber is more accurate moreover, and the pattern resolution ratio that demonstrates is higher, and the pattern effect is also better.

As preferred scheme, the laser head has two, the laser head shines the below that optical fiber discharge gate and photocuring material glued the export respectively, is equipped with the laser head respectively and shines the below that optical fiber discharge gate and photocuring material glued the export, is favorable to the photocuring material to glue and obtains better shining messenger's curing effect better, solidification speed is faster, makes optical fiber obtain better fixed.

As the preferred scheme, the light guide fiber discharge port, the light-curing glue outlet and the laser head are positioned on the same straight line, and the gaps between the fiber discharge port and the edges of the openings of the light-curing glue outlet are basically zero, so that the light-curing glue is favorably covered on the light guide fiber.

Preferably, the outlet of the photo-curing glue of the printing nozzle is elliptical, flat, rectangular, and the like, so that the photo-curing glue printed by the printing nozzle is easier to accumulate and is less prone to collapse and deform.

As a preferred scheme, the radius of the light guide fiber discharge port of the printing nozzle is more than or equal to 1.1 times of the radius of the light guide fiber, so that the entering and the discharging of the light guide fiber on the printing nozzle are facilitated, the contact area between the light guide fiber and the printing nozzle is reduced, and the friction force is reduced.

As a preferred scheme, the printing nozzle is hermetically connected with the light-cured material glue feeding mechanism through a hose, so that when the printing nozzle moves, the resistance is reduced, and the printing nozzle is protected. As a preferred scheme, the light-cured adhesive feeding mechanism is a spiral feeding mechanism, and the feeding speed and the feeding amount can be accurately controlled; the optical fiber feeding mechanism is an optical fiber roller, and can pull the optical fiber to move the optical fiber roller along with the movement of the spray head by utilizing the advantage of fixed head end of the optical fiber, so that the automatic feeding of the optical fiber is realized.

As the preferred scheme, the gap between the printing nozzle and the plastic plate is 1-5mm, and the proper size of the gap is beneficial to discharging of the light-cured glue and the light-guide fiber on the printing nozzle.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a print head according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a print head according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the print head of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view of a printed light transmitting fiber of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view A-A of a printed light transmitting fiber of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a front view of a light-transmitting concrete printed in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a layer of printed fixed light-transmitting fibers of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of the present invention after placement of concrete;

fig. 9 is a schematic view of the light-transmitting concrete of the present invention after molding.

The main reference symbols in the drawings are as follows:

1. a photo-curing adhesive frame; 2. a light guide fiber; 3. concrete; 4. a fixed point; 6. a laser head; 7. a printing tray;

5. printing a spray head; 51. a light guide fiber discharge port; 52. a light-cured glue outlet; 53. and (5) photo-curing glue.

Detailed Description

The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the drawings and the embodiment as follows:

the three-dimensional printing method of the light-transmitting concrete mold comprises the following steps: the device comprises a printing nozzle 5, a light guide fiber feeding mechanism, a light curing glue feeding mechanism and a printing tray 7, wherein the light curing glue feeding mechanism is a spiral feeding mechanism, and the light guide fiber feeding mechanism is a light guide fiber roller; as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the printing nozzle 5 is provided with a light guide fiber discharge port 51, a light curing glue outlet 52, and two laser heads 6 arranged outside the printing nozzle, the two laser heads 6 are respectively arranged below the light guide fiber discharge port 51 and the light curing glue outlet 52, as shown in fig. 3, the light guide fiber discharge port 51, the light curing glue outlet 52 and the laser heads 6 are positioned on the same straight line, and gaps between the opening edges of the light guide fiber discharge port 51 and the light curing glue outlet 52 are substantially zero; the light-cured glue outlet 51 of the printing nozzle 6 is preferably elliptical; the radius of the light guide fiber outlet 51 is preferably 1.1 times the radius of the light guide fiber 2.

The printing nozzle 5 is arranged on a vertical moving mechanism (in the moving mode of three-dimensional printing in the prior art, a mode that a stepping motor is matched with a threaded rod is preferably adopted, the printing tray 7 is in X, Y, Z three-axis linkage to reciprocate the printing nozzle 5 in the vertical direction, or the printing tray 7 is fixed, the printing nozzle 5 is arranged on the vertical moving mechanism, and then the vertical moving mechanism is arranged on a X, Y, Z three-axis linkage mechanism). The specific printing method is as follows:

A. the design determines the fixing point 4 of each layer of optical fiber: the light-transmitting concrete mould is printed layer by layer from bottom to top, and a fixed point 4 to which a printing nozzle needs to move when each layer of the light-transmitting concrete mould is printed and fixed with the light-transmitting optical fiber 2 is designed and calculated according to a required light-transmitting concrete pattern; fixing a plastic plate on the printing tray 7, then printing the geometric center to which the nozzle 5 moves, and simultaneously leaving a gap of 1-5mm between the nozzle 5 and the plastic plate;

B. printing the photo-curing glue frame 1, as shown in fig. 4: the method comprises the following steps that (1) light guide fibers 2 penetrate through a printing nozzle 5, the light guide fibers 2 are drawn out to be fixed on a plastic plate in a section, then printing is started, then a light-cured glue feeding mechanism feeds materials to the printing nozzle 5, light-cured glue 53 flows out from a light-cured glue outlet of the printing nozzle 5, the light-cured glue feeding mechanism is matched with moving discharging of the printing nozzle 53 to print and stack a circle of light-cured glue frame 1, and a laser head 6 irradiates the printed light-cured glue frame 1 to cure the light-cured glue frame 1 while the light-cured glue frame 1 is printed;

C. preparation of printing fixed optical fibers, as in fig. 4: after the first circle of photo-curing adhesive frame 1 is printed, the printing nozzle 5 moves upwards by 1-3mm, moves to one side of the curing material frame, and then starts to print and fix the light guide fiber 2 in the direction vertical to the light-transmitting concrete wall;

D. fixing the light guide fiber: the printing nozzle 5 sequentially passes through the fixing points 4 of the optical fibers 2 and prints the fixed optical fibers 2, the printing nozzle 5 and the printing tray 7 stop moving relatively to print the fixed optical fibers 2 and then move to the next fixing point 4 until the printing and fixing of one layer of optical fibers 2 are completed;

(in the process of printing and fixing the optical fiber, the printing nozzle 5 and the printing tray 7 stop moving relatively, the light-cured glue feeding mechanism feeds a small section of light-cured glue 53 to the printing nozzle 5, the fed light-cured glue 53 buries the optical fiber 2 below, then the laser head 6 irradiates the light-cured glue 53 to rapidly cure, and the cured light-cured glue 53 fixes the optical fiber 2)

E. Layer-by-layer printing, as in fig. 5: after the first layer of the mold is printed and fixed, the printing nozzle 5 lifts a layer of the thickness of the photo-curing adhesive frame 1 upwards, and the steps of printing the photo-curing adhesive frame 1 on the first layer and printing and fixing the light guide fiber 2 on the first layer are repeated until the last layer is reached; after printing a layer of mould, the printing nozzle 5 is lifted upwards for a certain distance, and the steps of printing the photo-curing adhesive frame 1 and printing the fixed light guide fiber 2 on the first layer are sequentially repeated until the last layer;

F. and printing the last layer of the mould, and cutting 2 parts of the light guide fibers to obtain a complete light-transmitting concrete mould. The final clear concrete produced by the mold is shown in fig. 6.

As shown in FIGS. 7, 8 and 9, FIG. 7 shows the fixing point of a layer of optical fibers 2, which passes through X in sequence₁、X₂、X₃……X₁₆The fixed point 4, the fixed light guide fiber 2 is printed at the fixed point 4; FIG. 8 is a schematic view after concrete 3 is poured; fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a layer of the finished light-transmitting concrete product. (the arrow in the figure indicates the direction of the printing movement)

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.