阅读说明：本技术 适用于120t顶底复吹转炉的钢种冶炼成本控制方法 (Steel grade smelting cost control method suitable for 120t top-bottom combined blown converter ) 是由 刘洪银 亓伟伟 孙建卫 吴僧 王圣章 王利 郝帅 王孝科 杜金科 于 2021-09-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种适用于120t顶底复吹转炉的钢种冶炼成本控制方法。本发明根据理论分析和生产实践总结出120吨转炉冶炼过程中的钢水过氧化损失、脱氧成本、脱磷成本与钢水中C、P含量之间的定量关系,并分析利用高碳锰铁、中碳锰铁、硅锰合金、金属锰、硅铁对钢水进行增硅、增锰的合金成本及对钢水中C、P的含量的影响,得出控制至目标Si、Mn、C、P的优化控制方法,能降低转炉冶炼成本,并将转炉冶炼成本与各影响因素之间的关系利用数字和公式来表达,替代了原有的经验炼钢模式,以提高转炉标准化操作的水平。(The invention discloses a steel grade smelting cost control method suitable for a 120t top-bottom combined blown converter. The invention summarizes the quantitative relation between the peroxidation loss, the deoxidation cost and the dephosphorization cost of the molten steel in the smelting process of the 120-ton converter and the C, P content in the molten steel according to theoretical analysis and production practice, analyzes the alloy cost for silicon and manganese increasing of the molten steel by using high-carbon ferromanganese, medium-carbon ferromanganese, silicon-manganese alloy, metal manganese and ferrosilicon and the influence on the content of C, P in the molten steel, obtains an optimized control method for controlling the contents to the target Si, Mn, C and P, can reduce the smelting cost of the converter, expresses the relation between the smelting cost of the converter and each influencing factor by using numbers and formulas, replaces the original empirical steelmaking mode, and improves the level of the standardized operation of the converter.)

1. A steel grade smelting cost control method suitable for a 120t top-bottom combined blown converter is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) and (3) calculating a C content control value of a converter blowing end point:

if in the steel grade compositionThe control value of the C carbon content at the blowing end point of the converter with the converter smelting cost is shown in the formula III,

namely: omega_{C-terminal point}＝0.10 ③

If it is notThe control value of the carbon content in the molten steel at the blowing end point of the converter is as the formula:

if it is notThe control value of the carbon content in the molten steel at the blowing end of the converter is represented by the formula (c):

ω_{c-terminal point}＝0.04 ⑦；

(2) Calculating the optimal addition types and addition quantities of the silicon-containing and manganese-containing alloys under different steel types of target components:

if the number of the first and second antennas is greater than the predetermined number,and isThe addition of the silicon-manganese alloy and the high-carbon ferromanganese alloy in the tapping process of the converter is most economical for the manganese and silicon increase of the molten steel, the alloy cost is lowest,

and the addition amount of the silicon-manganese alloy is as follows:

the addition amount of the high manganese alloy is as follows:

if the number of the first and second antennas is greater than the predetermined number,and isAdding the silicon-manganese alloy and the medium-carbon ferromanganese alloy in the tapping process of the converter to increase manganese and silicon of the molten steel is most economical, the alloy cost is lowest, and the adding amount of the silicon-manganese alloy is as follows:

the addition amount of the medium carbon ferromanganese alloy is as follows:

if the number of the first and second antennas is greater than the predetermined number,and omega is more than or equal to 0.04_C-targetLess than or equal to 0.06, the silicon-iron alloy and the manganese metal alloy are added in the tapping process of the converter to carry out silicon and manganese increasing on the molten steel most economically, the alloy cost is lowest,

and the addition amount of the ferrosilicon alloy is as shown in the formula

The addition amount of the manganese metal alloy is as shown in the formula

If the number of the first and second antennas is greater than the predetermined number,and omega_C-target>0.06, the silicon-iron alloy and the silicon-manganese alloy are added in the tapping process of the converter to carry out silicon and manganese increasing on the molten steel most economically, the alloy cost is lowest,

the addition amount of the ferrosilicon alloy is as shown in the formula

The addition amount of the ferro-silico-manganese alloy is as shown in the formula

If the number of the first and second antennas is greater than the predetermined number,and omega is more than or equal to 0.04_C-targetLess than or equal to 0.06, the silicon-iron alloy and the low-carbon low-phosphorus silicon-manganese alloy are added in the tapping process of the converter to increase silicon and manganese of the molten steel most economically, the alloy cost is lowest,

the addition amount of the ferrosilicon alloy is as shown in the formula

The addition amount of the low-carbon low-phosphorus silicon-manganese alloy is as shown in the formula

In the formula, W_{Silicon iron}、W_{Medium manganese}、W_{Low carbon low phosphorus silicon manganese}、W_{Manganese metal}、W_{Silicon manganese}、W_{Gao Meng}The addition amounts of ferrosilicon alloy, medium carbon ferromanganese alloy, low carbon and low phosphorus silicomanganese alloy, metal manganese alloy, silicomanganese alloy and high carbon ferromanganese alloy (t alloy/t steel) respectively;

(3) p content control value of converter blowing terminal:

in the formula: omega_{P-terminal point}A P content control value (%) which is a converter blowing end point; omega_P-targetThe P content control value (%) of the target component of the steel product is obtained; w_i-Mn(ii) is the weight of the i-th manganese-containing alloy added, (t); theta_iMn-pThe content (%) of P in the i-th manganese-containing alloy added, W_i-SiIs the weight of the added i-th silicon-containing alloy, (t); theta_iSi-pIs the P content (%) in the added i-th Si-containing alloy, W_{Molten steel}Steel is the weight of molten steel, (t);

(4) and (4) automatically calculating the most economic C, P content control value of the converter smelting end point, the addition type and the addition amount of the silicon-containing and manganese-containing alloy according to the calculation formula of the steps (1) to (3) and the content control values of C, Mn and P in the target components of the steel finished product.

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the method is applied to steel grades consisting of several components of C, Si, Mn, P, S, Nb, V or Ti.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the C content control value at the converter blowing end point satisfies the following formula:

ω_{c-terminal point}+ω_C-manganese+ω_C-LF≤ω_C-target ①

Middle omega of formula (I)_{C-terminal point}Comprises the following steps: c content control value (%) of converter blowing end point; omega_C-manganeseThe carbon content increase (%) caused by the subsequent addition of the manganese-containing alloy; omega_C-LFThe carbon content is increased by (%) for the graphite electrode in the LF smelting process;

ω_c-targetIs the C content control value (%) in the target component of the steel product.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein ω in formula (i)_C-manganeseThe value of (a) is approximated as ω_Mn-target/50，ω_C-LFThe value of (c) is approximately considered to be 0.02%, where ω is_Mn-targetThe Mn content control value (%) of the target component of the steel product.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the types of the silicon-and manganese-containing alloys added in the target compositions of different steel grades satisfy the following 3 formulas:

the upper formula ninthlyMiddle omega_C-targetThe C content control value (%) of the target component of the steel product is obtained; omega_{C-terminal point}Comprises the following steps: c content control value (%) of converter blowing end point; omega_C-LFThe carbon content is increased by (%) for the graphite electrode in the LF smelting process; w_{Molten steel}Is the weight of molten steel, (t); w_i-Mn(ii) is the weight of the i-th manganese-containing alloy added, (t); theta_i-CThe content (%) of C in the i-th manganese-containing alloy added, omega_{Si target}The control value (%) of the Si content in the target component of the finished steel product; w_i-SiIs the weight of the added i-th silicon-containing alloy, (t); theta_i-SiIs the Si content (%) in the i-th added Si-containing alloy, [ theta ]_i-MnThe manganese content (%) of the added i-th manganese-containing alloy; omega_Mn-targetControl value (%) of Mn content in target component of steel product, omega_Mn-residualThe residual Mn content (%) of the molten steel at the end of converter blowing and without alloying.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the P content control value at the converter blowing end point satisfies the following formula:

in the formula: omega_{P-terminal point}A P content control value (%) which is a converter blowing end point; omega_P-alloyThe P content increase value (%) caused by the subsequent addition of the alloy containing manganese and silicon; omega_{P-rephosphorization}The content of P is increased by (%) due to the transfer of P in the slag into molten steel in the tapping process and the LF smelting process of the converter; omega_P-targetControl of P content in target composition of steel productValue (%) is obtained.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the calculation formulas of the steps (1) to (3) are input into an EXCEL table, and the C, P content control value, the addition type and the addition amount of the silicon-and-manganese-containing alloy which are most economical at the smelting end point of the converter are automatically calculated according to the C, Mn and P content control values in the target components of the steel product, so that the smelting cost of the converter is controlled to the minimum value.

8. A cost calculation method based on the cost control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the steps of:

1) calculation of steel material consumption value caused by molten steel peroxidation

If in the steel grade compositionThe C carbon content control value of the converter blowing end point of the converter smelting cost is shown as formula (III), and the consumption value of the iron and steel materials caused by molten steel peroxidation is shown as formula (IV):

namely: omega_{C-terminal point}＝0.10 ③

Q_{Peroxidation of}＝0 ④；

If it is notThe control value of the carbon content in the molten steel at the blowing end point of the converter is as the formula:

calculating the peroxide loss value caused by converter blowing according to the target control value of the carbon content according to the following formula:

if it is notThe control value of the carbon content in the molten steel at the blowing end of the converter is represented by the formula (c):

ω_{c-terminal point}＝0.04 ⑦

The consumption of iron and steel materials caused by the over oxidation of molten steel is as follows:

2) cost of addition of silicon and manganese containing alloys:

if the number of the first and second antennas is greater than the predetermined number,and is

Adding the silicon-manganese alloy and the high-carbon ferromanganese alloy in the tapping process of the converter to increase manganese and silicon of the molten steel is most economical, the alloy cost is lowest, and the adding amount of the silicon-manganese alloy is as follows:

the addition amount of the high manganese alloy is as follows:

the cost of the alloy for increasing silicon and manganese in molten steel is as follows:

if the number of the first and second antennas is greater than the predetermined number,and is

Adding the silicon-manganese alloy and the medium-carbon ferromanganese alloy in the tapping process of the converter to increase manganese and silicon of the molten steel is most economical, the alloy cost is lowest, and the adding amount of the silicon-manganese alloy is as follows:

the addition amount of the medium carbon ferromanganese alloy is as follows:

the cost of the alloy for increasing silicon and manganese in molten steel is as follows:

if the number of the first and second antennas is greater than the predetermined number,and omega is more than or equal to 0.04_C-targetLess than or equal to 0.06, the silicon-iron alloy and the manganese metal alloy are added in the tapping process of the converter to carry out silicon and manganese increasing on the molten steel most economically, the alloy cost is lowest,

and the addition amount of the ferrosilicon alloy is as shown in the formula

The addition amount of the manganese metal alloy is as shown in the formula

The cost of the alloy for increasing silicon and manganese in molten steel is shown as the formula

If the number of the first and second antennas is greater than the predetermined number,and omega_C-target>0.06, the silicon-iron alloy and the silicon-manganese alloy are added in the tapping process of the converter to carry out silicon and manganese increasing on the molten steel most economically, the alloy cost is lowest,

the addition amount of the ferrosilicon alloy is as shown in the formula

The addition amount of the ferro-silico-manganese alloy is as shown in the formula

The cost of the alloy for increasing silicon and manganese in molten steel is shown as the formula

If the number of the first and second antennas is greater than the predetermined number,and omega is more than or equal to 0.04_C-targetLess than or equal to 0.06, the silicon-iron alloy and the low-carbon low-phosphorus silicon-manganese alloy are added in the tapping process of the converter to increase silicon and manganese of the molten steel most economically, the alloy cost is lowest,

the addition amount of the ferrosilicon alloy is as shown in the formula

The addition amount of the low-carbon low-phosphorus silicon-manganese alloy is as shown in the formula

The cost of the alloy for increasing silicon and manganese in molten steel is shown as the formula

Formula (II)Q in (1)_{Silicon and manganese increasing}Cost of alloying (per ton of steel) for silicon and manganese additions to molten steel, W_{Silicon iron}、W_{Medium manganese}、W_{Low carbon low phosphorus silicon manganese}、W_{Manganese metal}、W_{Silicon manganese}、W_{Gao Meng}The addition amounts (t alloy/t steel) of ferrosilicon alloy, medium carbon ferromanganese alloy, low carbon and low phosphorus silicomanganese alloy, metal manganese alloy, silicomanganese alloy and high carbon ferromanganese alloy, q_{Silicon iron}、q_{Medium manganese}、q_{Low carbon low phosphorus silicon manganese}、q_{Manganese metal}、q_{Silicon manganese}、q_{Gao Meng}The prices (element/t alloy) of ferrosilicon alloy, medium carbon ferromanganese alloy, low carbon and low phosphorus silicomanganese alloy, metal manganese alloy, silicomanganese alloy and high carbon ferromanganese alloy;

3) dephosphorization cost calculation for converter blowing (yuan/ton steel):

formula (II)Middle Q_{Dephosphorization}Comprises the following steps: the cost (per ton steel) of dephosphorization of converter molten steel; omega_{P-terminal point}The content (%) of P in the molten steel at the blowing end point of the converter; omega_P-NormalWhen the converter normally blows, the P content (%) in the molten steel at the blowing end point of the converter; omega_{C-terminal point}C content control value (%) which is the converter blowing end point; omega_C-NormalWhen the converter normally blows, the content (%) of C in the molten steel at the blowing end point of the converter is reduced; k is a radical of₂Is a proportionality coefficient, which means a contribution coefficient of a deep decarburization process to dephosphorization; k is a radical of₃Is a proportionality coefficient, which means the cost (meta/ton steel) that needs to be spent per 1% content of P removed;

4) deoxidation costs (per ton of steel) due to peroxidation of molten steel by converter blowing:

if, in the steel grade composition

Then blowing in a converterThe cost of deoxidation caused by molten steel peroxidation is as follows

If, in the steel grade composition

The cost of deoxidation caused by the peroxidation of molten steel in converter blowing is as follows

If, in the steel grade composition

The cost of deoxidation caused by the peroxidation of molten steel in converter blowing is as follows

Formula (II)The method comprises the following steps: omega_C-targetThe C content control value (%) of the target component of the steel product is obtained; omega_Mn-targetMn content in the target composition of the steel productControl value (%); q_{Peroxidation of}The deoxidation costs (per ton of steel) due to the peroxidation of the molten steel resulting from converter blowing; omega_{C-terminal point}Comprises the following steps: c content control value (%) of converter blowing end point; q. q.s_{Aluminum particles}The price of the aluminum alloy is (yuan/ton).

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the consumption value of the iron and steel materials caused by the peroxidation of the molten steel in the step 1) is calculated according to the following formula:

formula II Q_{Peroxidation of}Comprises the following steps: cost of iron and steel material loss (per ton steel) caused by molten steel peroxidation; a is_O-converterThe oxygen content (%) in the molten steel at the blowing end point of the converter; a is_O-NormalThe oxygen content (%) in the molten steel at the end point of normal converter blowing (C content controlled to 0.10%) is k₁Is a proportionality coefficient; q. q.s₁Is the market price of scrap steel (yuan/ton steel).

10. The method of claim 8, wherein ω) in step 3) is_P-Normal0.018%, omega_C-Normal0.10%; k is a radical of₂Is 0.07; k is a radical of₃Is 1000.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy, and particularly relates to a steel grade smelting cost control method suitable for a 120-ton top-bottom combined blown converter.

Background

China is a big iron and steel country with annual crude steel quantity exceeding 10 hundred million tons, iron and steel are widely applied to various fields of national production, with the development of economy, the personalized customization phenomenon of customers on the iron and steel performance is more and more, each steel factory generally needs to smelt hundreds of steel grades, the contents of C, Si, Mn and P in different steel grade components are different, the control methods of alloy cost are also different, converter steelmaking workers also have respective methods for controlling the alloy cost, the steel grades with the same alloy component target content can generate different alloy cost under the control of different steelmaking workers, and the operating level of the converter steelmaking workers can cause the fluctuation of 0-50 yuan per ton of steel on the steelmaking alloy cost.

The factors influencing the smelting cost of the converter mainly comprise molten steel peroxidation loss caused by converter decarburization, increased addition of deoxidizer caused by molten steel peroxidation, alloy cost added into molten steel and molten steel deep dephosphorization cost, and the four factors are mutually associated and strongly influenced, and need to be treated as a whole. For example, manganese alloys containing C, P and other impurities are low in price, but when the manganese alloys are added into molten steel, C, P in the molten steel is increased, so that C, P in the molten steel needs to be correspondingly controlled to be lower in the converter blowing process, and deep stripping C, P correspondingly increases a part of smelting cost and increases consumption of deoxidizers, but the total cost is not necessarily increased, so that the influence of various influence factors on the smelting cost of the converter needs to be comprehensively considered, and only one influence factor cannot be singly considered.

At present, domestic iron and steel enterprises mainly control the smelting cost of the converter through the production experience of converter steelmaking workers, the degree of standardized operation and automation is insufficient, the level relation between the quality of the control degree of the smelting cost of the converter and the converter steelmaking workers is large, and the fluctuation of the smelting cost of the converter is large. The prior art published at present lacks a method for stably controlling the smelting cost of the converter.

In the prior art, there is a report of optimizing steel making cost by using a neural network, for example, chinese patent document CN106119458A (cn201610456942.x), which provides a converter steel making process cost optimization control method and system based on a BP neural network, wherein the method includes: selecting control parameters influencing the cost according to the converter steelmaking process; constructing a modeling sample set; obtaining a normalized sample set; constructing a three-layer BP neural network algorithm; modeling data obtained by simulating a converter steelmaking experiment by adopting a BP neural network algorithm to obtain neural network parameters; optimizing the constructed model by using a genetic algorithm to a BP neural network algorithm, acquiring the most value of the constructed model, and determining the optimal control parameter according to the most value of the constructed model; and determining the minimum cost value of the converter steelmaking process according to the comparison result of the obtained optimal control parameter cost value and the minimum cost value in the modeling sample set. The invention can solve the problem of high converter steelmaking cost.

The influence of the molten iron amount, the scrap steel amount, the slag-making material adding amount, the temperature of molten iron entering the converter, the tapping temperature, the dolomite adding amount, the limestone adding amount, the iron ore adding amount, the oxygen consumption amount and the oxygen lance position on the converter steelmaking cost in the converter steelmaking process is calculated through an iterative calculation method, the smelting cost before converter tapping is calculated, but the influence of the contents of C, Si, Mn and P in target components of different steel types on the converter steelmaking cost is not considered, and the influence of adding different manganese alloys and Si alloys containing C, P and other impurities on the converter steelmaking cost is not considered. The prior art does not have a method for intelligently calculating the most economical C, P content control value of the smelting end point of the converter, the most economical addition type and addition amount of the silicon-containing and manganese-containing alloy according to the contents of C, Si, Mn and P in the target components of the steel.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a steel grade smelting cost control method and a cost calculation method suitable for a 120t top-bottom combined blown converter.

The invention summarizes the quantitative relation between the peroxidation loss, the deoxidation cost and the dephosphorization cost of the molten steel in the smelting process of the 120-ton converter and the C, P content in the molten steel according to theoretical analysis and production practice, analyzes the alloy cost for silicon and manganese increasing of the molten steel by using high-carbon ferromanganese, medium-carbon ferromanganese, silicon-manganese alloy, metal manganese and ferrosilicon and the influence on the content of C, P in the molten steel, obtains an optimized control method for controlling the contents to the target Si, Mn, C and P, can reduce the smelting cost of the converter, expresses the relation between the smelting cost of the converter and each influencing factor by using numbers and formulas, replaces the original empirical steelmaking mode, and improves the level of the standardized operation of the converter.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a steel grade smelting cost control method suitable for a 120t top-bottom combined blown converter is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) and (3) calculating a C content control value of a converter blowing end point:

if in the steel grade compositionThe control value of the C carbon content at the blowing end point of the converter with the converter smelting cost is shown in the formula III,

namely: omega_{C-terminal point}＝0.10 ③

If it is notThe control value of the carbon content in the molten steel at the blowing end point of the converter is as the formula:

if it is notThe control value of the carbon content in the molten steel at the blowing end of the converter is represented by the formula (c):

ω_{c-terminal point}＝0.04 ⑦；

(2) Calculating the optimal addition types and addition quantities of the silicon-containing and manganese-containing alloys under different steel types of target components:

if the number of the first and second antennas is greater than the predetermined number,and isThe addition of the silicon-manganese alloy and the high-carbon ferromanganese alloy in the tapping process of the converter is most economical for the manganese and silicon increase of the molten steel, the alloy cost is lowest,

and the addition amount of the silicon-manganese alloy is as follows:

the addition amount of the high manganese alloy is as follows:

if the number of the first and second antennas is greater than the predetermined number,and isAdding the silicon-manganese alloy and the medium-carbon ferromanganese alloy in the tapping process of the converter to increase manganese and silicon of the molten steel is most economical, the alloy cost is lowest, and the adding amount of the silicon-manganese alloy is as follows:the addition amount of the medium carbon ferromanganese alloy is as follows:

if the number of the first and second antennas is greater than the predetermined number,and omega is more than or equal to 0.04_C-targetLess than or equal to 0.06, the silicon-iron alloy and the manganese metal alloy are added in the tapping process of the converter to carry out silicon and manganese increasing on the molten steel most economically, the alloy cost is lowest,

and the addition amount of the ferrosilicon alloy is as shown in the formula

The addition amount of the manganese metal alloy is as shown in the formula

If the number of the first and second antennas is greater than the predetermined number,and omega_C-target>0.06, the silicon-iron alloy and the silicon-manganese alloy are added in the tapping process of the converter to carry out silicon and manganese increasing on the molten steel most economically, the alloy cost is lowest,

the addition amount of the ferrosilicon alloy is as shown in the formula

The addition amount of the ferro-silico-manganese alloy is as shown in the formula

If the number of the first and second antennas is greater than the predetermined number,and omega is more than or equal to 0.04_C-targetLess than or equal to 0.06, the silicon-iron alloy and the low-carbon low-phosphorus silicon-manganese alloy are added in the tapping process of the converter to increase silicon and manganese of the molten steel most economically, the alloy cost is lowest,

the addition amount of the ferrosilicon alloy is as shown in the formula

The addition amount of the low-carbon low-phosphorus silicon-manganese alloy is as shown in the formula

In the formula, W_{Silicon iron}、W_{Medium manganese}、W_{Low carbon low phosphorus silicon manganese}、W_{Manganese metal}、W_{Silicon manganese}、W_{Gao Meng}The addition amounts of ferrosilicon alloy, medium carbon ferromanganese alloy, low carbon and low phosphorus silicomanganese alloy, metal manganese alloy, silicomanganese alloy and high carbon ferromanganese alloy (t alloy/t steel) respectively;

(3) p content control value of converter blowing terminal:

in the formula: omega_{P-terminal point}A P content control value (%) which is a converter blowing end point;_p-targetThe P content control value (%) of the target component of the steel product is obtained; w_i-Mn(ii) is the weight of the i-th manganese-containing alloy added, (t); theta_iMn-pThe content (%) of P in the i-th manganese-containing alloy added, W_i-SiIs the weight of the added i-th silicon-containing alloy, (t); theta_iSi-pIs the P content (%) in the added i-th Si-containing alloy, W_{Molten steel}Steel is the weight of molten steel, (t);

(4) and (4) calculating the most economical C, P content control value of the converter smelting end point, the addition type and the addition amount of the silicon-containing and manganese-containing alloy according to the calculation formulas of the steps (1) to (3) and the content control values of C, Mn and P in the target components of the steel finished product.

Preferably, the method is applied to steel grades consisting of several components of C, Si, Mn, P, S, Nb, V or Ti. Further preferably, the steel grade composition consists of C, Si, Mn, P, S, Nb, V and Ti.

Preferably, in the step (1), the C content control value of the converter blowing end point needs to satisfy the following formula:

ω_{c-terminal point}+ω_C-manganese+ω_C-LF≤ω_C-target ①

Middle omega of formula (I)_{C-terminal point}Comprises the following steps: c content control value (%) of converter blowing end point; omega_C-manganeseThe carbon content increase (%) caused by the subsequent addition of the manganese-containing alloy; omega_C-LFThe carbon content is increased by (%) for the graphite electrode in the LF smelting process; omega_C-targetIs the C content control value (%) in the target component of the steel product.

Further preferably, in the step (1), ω in the formula (i) is ω_C-manganeseThe value of (a) is approximated as ω_Mn-target/50，ω_C-LFThe value of (c) is approximately considered to be 0.02%, where ω is_Mn-targetThe Mn content control value (%) of the target component of the steel product.

In the current large-tonnage (the nominal capacity of the converter is not less than 120 tons) converter steelmaking technology, the normal operation process is to control the content of C in molten steel to be about 0.10 percent, so the blowing peroxidation loss value caused by controlling the content of C in the converter to be 0.10 percent is taken as a normal value, and the blowing peroxidation loss of the converter mentioned in the application is the difference value with the normal value of peroxidation loss.

Preferably, in the step (2), the types of the silicon-containing and manganese-containing alloys under the target compositions of different steel types need to satisfy the following 3 formulas:

the upper formula ninthlyMiddle omega_C-targetThe C content control value (%) of the target component of the steel product is obtained; omega_{C-terminal point}Comprises the following steps: c content control value (%) of converter blowing end point; omega_C-LFThe carbon content is increased by (%) for the graphite electrode in the LF smelting process; w_{Molten steel}Is the weight of molten steel, (t); w_i-Mn(ii) is the weight of the i-th manganese-containing alloy added, (t); theta_i-CThe content (%) of C in the i-th manganese-containing alloy added, omega_{Si target}The control value (%) of the Si content in the target component of the finished steel product; w_i-SiIs the weight of the added i-th silicon-containing alloy, (t); theta_i-SiIs the Si content (%) in the i-th added Si-containing alloy, [ theta ]_i-MnThe manganese content (%) of the added i-th manganese-containing alloy; omega_Mn-targetControl value (%) of Mn content in target component of steel product, omega_Mn-residualThe residual Mn content (%) of the molten steel at the end of converter blowing and without alloying.

Preferably, in the step (3), the P content control value of the converter blowing end point needs to satisfy the following formula:

in the formula: omega_{P-terminal point}A P content control value (%) which is a converter blowing end point; omega_P-alloyThe P content increase value (%) caused by the subsequent addition of the alloy containing manganese and silicon; omega_{P-rephosphorization}The content of P is increased by (%) due to the transfer of P in the slag into molten steel in the tapping process and the LF smelting process of the converter;_p-targetIs the P content control value (%) in the target component of the steel product. Further preferably, ω in the actual smelting equation in the step (3)_{P-rephosphorization}The value of (A) is approximately considered to be 0.001%.

Preferably, in the step (4), the calculation formulas of the steps (1) to (3) and the target components of the steel are automatically calculated according to the content control values of C, Mn and P in the target components of the finished steel product to obtain the most economical C, P content control value of the smelting end point of the converter, the addition type and the addition amount of the silicon-and-manganese-containing alloy, and the smelting cost of the converter is controlled to the lowest value.

A cost calculation method based on the cost control method comprises the following steps:

1) calculation of steel material consumption value caused by molten steel peroxidation

If in the steel grade compositionThe C carbon content control value of the converter blowing end point of the converter smelting cost is shown as formula (III), and the consumption value of the iron and steel materials caused by molten steel peroxidation is shown as formula (IV):

namely: omega_{C-terminal point}＝0.10 ③

Q_{Peroxidation of}＝0 ④；

If it is notThe control value of the carbon content in the molten steel at the blowing end point of the converter is as the formula:

calculating the peroxide loss value caused by converter blowing according to the target control value of the carbon content according to the following formula:

if it is notThe control value of the carbon content in the molten steel at the blowing end of the converter is represented by the formula (c):

ω_{c-terminal point}＝0.04 ⑦

The consumption of iron and steel materials caused by the over oxidation of molten steel is as follows:

2) cost of addition of silicon and manganese containing alloys:

if the number of the first and second antennas is greater than the predetermined number,and is

Adding the silicon-manganese alloy and the high-carbon ferromanganese alloy in the tapping process of the converter to increase manganese and silicon of the molten steel is most economical, the alloy cost is lowest, and the adding amount of the silicon-manganese alloy is as follows:

the addition amount of the high manganese alloy is as follows:

the cost of the alloy for increasing silicon and manganese in molten steel is as follows:

if the number of the first and second antennas is greater than the predetermined number,and is

Adding the silicon-manganese alloy and the medium-carbon ferromanganese alloy in the tapping process of the converter to increase manganese and silicon of the molten steel is most economical, the alloy cost is lowest, and the adding amount of the silicon-manganese alloy is as follows:the addition amount of the medium carbon ferromanganese alloy is as follows:

the cost of the alloy for increasing silicon and manganese in molten steel is as follows:

if the number of the first and second antennas is greater than the predetermined number,and omega is more than or equal to 0.04_C-targetLess than or equal to 0.06, the silicon-iron alloy and the manganese metal alloy are added in the tapping process of the converter to carry out silicon and manganese increasing on the molten steel most economically, the alloy cost is lowest,

and the addition amount of the ferrosilicon alloy is as shown in the formula

The addition amount of the manganese metal alloy is as shown in the formula

The cost of the alloy for increasing silicon and manganese in molten steel is shown as the formula

If the number of the first and second antennas is greater than the predetermined number,and omega_C-target>0.06, the silicon-iron alloy and the silicon-manganese alloy are added in the tapping process of the converter to carry out silicon and manganese increasing on the molten steel most economically, the alloy cost is lowest,

the addition amount of the ferrosilicon alloy is as shown in the formula

The addition amount of the ferro-silico-manganese alloy is as shown in the formula

The cost of the alloy for increasing silicon and manganese in molten steel is shown as the formula

If the number of the first and second antennas is greater than the predetermined number,and omega is more than or equal to 0.04_C-targetLess than or equal to 0.06, the silicon-iron alloy and the low-carbon low-phosphorus silicon-manganese alloy are added in the tapping process of the converter to increase silicon and manganese of the molten steel most economically, the alloy cost is lowest,

the addition amount of the ferrosilicon alloy is as shown in the formula

The addition amount of the low-carbon low-phosphorus silicon-manganese alloy is as shown in the formula

The cost of the alloy for increasing silicon and manganese in molten steel is shown as the formula

Formula (II)Q in (1)_{Silicon and manganese increasing}For increasing silicon and silicon in molten steelAlloy cost of manganese (per ton steel), W_{Silicon iron}、W_{Medium manganese}、W_{Low carbon low phosphorus silicon manganese}、W_{Manganese metal}、W_{Silicon manganese}、W_{Gao Meng}The addition amounts (t alloy/t steel) of ferrosilicon alloy, medium carbon ferromanganese alloy, low carbon and low phosphorus silicomanganese alloy, metal manganese alloy, silicomanganese alloy and high carbon ferromanganese alloy, q_{Silicon iron}、q_{Medium manganese}、q_{Low carbon low phosphorus silicon manganese}、q_{Manganese metal}、q_{Silicon manganese}、q_{Gao Meng}The prices (element/t alloy) of ferrosilicon alloy, medium carbon ferromanganese alloy, low carbon and low phosphorus silicomanganese alloy, metal manganese alloy, silicomanganese alloy and high carbon ferromanganese alloy;

3) dephosphorization cost calculation for converter blowing (yuan/ton steel): the calculation formula of the dephosphorization cost in the converter blowing process is as follows

Formula (II)Middle Q_{Dephosphorization}Comprises the following steps: the cost (per ton steel) of dephosphorization of converter molten steel; omega_{P-terminal point}The content (%) of P in the molten steel at the blowing end point of the converter; omega_P-NormalWhen the converter normally blows, the P content (%) in the molten steel at the blowing end point of the converter; omega_{C-terminal point}C content control value (%) which is the converter blowing end point; omega_C-NormalWhen the converter normally blows, the content (%) of C in the molten steel at the blowing end point of the converter is reduced; k is a radical of₂Is a proportionality coefficient, which means a contribution coefficient of a deep decarburization process to dephosphorization; k is a radical of₃Is a proportionality coefficient, which means the cost (meta/ton steel) that needs to be spent per 1% content of P removed;

4) deoxidation costs (yuan/ton steel) due to molten steel peroxidation caused by converter blowing

If, in the steel grade composition

The converter blowing results in molten steelThe cost of the oxygen removal by peroxidation is as follows

If, in the steel grade composition

The cost of deoxidation caused by the peroxidation of molten steel in converter blowing is as follows

If, in the steel grade composition

The cost of deoxidation caused by the peroxidation of molten steel in converter blowing is as follows

Formula (II)The method comprises the following steps:_c-targetThe C content control value (%) of the target component of the steel product is obtained;_mn-targetThe Mn content control value (%) of the target component of the steel product is obtained; q_{Peroxidation of}The deoxidation costs (per ton of steel) due to the peroxidation of the molten steel resulting from converter blowing; omega_{C-terminal point}Comprises the following steps: c content control value (%) of converter blowing end point; q. q.s_{Aluminum particles}The price of the aluminum alloy is (yuan/ton).

Preferably, the calculation formula of the consumption value of the iron and steel material caused by the peroxidation of the molten steel in the step 1) is as follows:

Q_{peroxidation of}＝(a_O-converter-a_O-Normal)*k₁*q₁ ②

Formula II Q_{Peroxidation of}Comprises the following steps: cost of iron and steel material loss (per ton steel) caused by molten steel peroxidation; a is_O-converterThe oxygen content (%) in the molten steel at the blowing end point of the converter; a is_O-NormalThe oxygen content (%) in the molten steel at the end point of normal converter blowing (C content controlled to 0.10%) is k₁Taking the proportionality coefficient as 0.1923; q. q.s₁Is the market price of scrap steel (yuan/ton steel). Under the condition that the content of C in molten steel at the blowing end point of the converter is not more than 0.06%, the molten steel is seriously peroxided, carbon-oxygen reaction in the molten steel can further proceed along with the reduction of temperature in the tapping process of the converter, natural decarburization reaction can occur, and the carbon content is reduced by 0.02-0.03% in a dating way in the tapping process of the converter. Therefore, under the condition of considering the influence factor of 0.02-0.03% of natural decarburization in the tapping process, the carbon content in the molten steel at the blowing end point of the converter is controlled to be 0.04%, and under the condition of 0.02% of LF refining carburization, the carbon content in the finished molten steel can still meet the requirement of the carbon content in the finished molten steelThe requirements of (1).

Preferably, the dephosphorization cost in the step 3) is the difference value between the dephosphorization normal cost and the dephosphorization normal cost. In the current large-tonnage (the nominal capacity of the converter is not less than 120 tons) converter steelmaking technology, the normal operation process is to control the P content in the molten steel to be about 0.018 percent, so the dephosphorization caused by controlling the P content of the converter to be 0.018 percent is taken as a normal value (namely the normal cost of dephosphorization). In the converter steelmaking technology, dephosphorization and decarburization are carried out in an oxidizing atmosphere, and the deep decarburization process in the converter smelting process can remove P in molten steel to a lower value without increasing the additional dephosphorization cost.

Preferably, ω in step 3)_{P-positiveOften times}0.018%, omega_C-Normal0.10%; k is a radical of₂Is 0.07; k is a radical of₃Is 1000.

Preferably, the deoxidation cost caused by molten steel peroxidation in the converter blowing in the step 4) is the cost (per ton of steel) caused by the additional increase of aluminum deoxidizer consumption caused by molten steel peroxidation.

In the current large-tonnage (the nominal capacity of a converter is not less than 120 tons) converter steelmaking technology, the normal operation process is to control the content of C in molten steel to be about 0.10 percent, so the deoxidation cost generated by molten steel oxidation caused by controlling the content of C in the converter to be 0.10 percent is taken as a normal value, and the deoxidation cost generated by molten steel peroxidation caused by converter blowing mentioned in the invention is the difference value with the normal value of the deoxidation cost.

Relevant parameters such as the types and prices of raw materials are input into an EXCEL table, the loss of steel materials caused by peroxidation, the alloy cost of silicon and manganese increase, the dephosphorization cost (steel per ton), the deoxidation cost caused by molten steel peroxidation caused by converter blowing and the sum of the four can be automatically calculated according to the formula, the smelting cost of the steel can be accurately calculated, the smelting cost of the steel can be conveniently measured and calculated by departments such as finance and sales, and the standardized cost measurement and calculation of the steel smelting cost of steel enterprises can be facilitated.

The invention has the advantages of

(1) The invention comprehensively analyzes the interrelation among four factors of molten steel peroxidation loss caused by converter decarburization, deoxidizer addition amount increase caused by molten steel peroxidation, alloy cost of silicon and manganese increasing of molten steel by alloy containing silicon and manganese, influence on the content of C, P in the molten steel and molten steel deep dephosphorization cost, obtains the optimal process path and the lowest cost for controlling the molten steel components to the target contents of C, Mn, Si and P during converter smelting by using a functional relation formula, embeds the functional relation formula into an Excel table, controls the converter smelting process by using a method calculated by a computer formula, can solve the instability of manual operation, can guide converter steelmaking production, stabilize the molten steel quality and reduce the cost of the converter smelting process.

(2) After the method of computer formula calculation is adopted to replace the operation mode of a manual experience type converter, the interference of human factors on the steelmaking cost and the molten steel quality can be reduced, the optimal process path and the lowest cost for controlling the molten steel components to the target contents of C, Mn, Si and P are expressed by digitalization, the standardized operation of the converter is facilitated, and a solid foundation is laid for the standardized calculation of the cost and the benefit of the subsequent steel grades.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.

Examples 1 to 8

A steel mill is prepared to produce steel grades with the following compositions, and the compositions of the steel grades of examples 1-8 are shown in the following table 1:

component target values for steel grades of Table 1 and examples 1-8

	C(％)	Si(％)	Mn(％)	P(％)	S(％)	Nb(％)	V(％)	Ti(％)
									Example 1	0.12	0.1	0.3	0.023	0.01	0	0	0
Example 2	0.15	0.15	0.8	0.017	0.01	0.007	0	0.027
									Example 3	0.18	0.1	0.4	0.023	0.01	0	0	0.042
Example 4	0.14	0.15	1.2	0.012	0.01	0.007	0	0.027
									Example 5	0.1	0.12	1.55	0.011	0.002	0.062	0	0.062
Example 6	0.05	0.1	0.45	0.011	0.01	0	0	0
									Example 7	0.1	0.1	1.25	0.016	0.01	0.017	0	0.023
Example 8	0.1	0.1	1.45	0.014	0.01	0.038	0	0.047

The control value of the content of C at the blowing end point of the converter and the calculation of the loss of the iron and steel materials (per ton of steel) caused by overoxidation are calculated according to the step (1) and the step 1) as shown in the following table 2, wherein the price of the scrap is calculated according to 3000 RMB/ton.

TABLE 2C content control at converter blowing end and calculation of iron and steel losses due to overoxidation (Yuan/ton steel)

The kinds and amounts of the silicon and manganese-containing alloys added and the costs of the silicon and manganese-containing alloys calculated according to the steps (2) and (2) are shown in table 4, wherein the prices of the silicon and manganese-containing alloys are calculated as shown in table 3.

TABLE 3 prices of silicon and manganese-containing alloys

Kind of alloy	Price (Yuan/ton)
		Price of silicon and manganese	6490
High carbon ferromanganese price	5750
		Price of medium carbon ferromanganese	8230
Price of ferrosilicon	6720
		Manganese metal	15490

TABLE 4 addition type, amount and cost of Si-and Mn-containing alloys

And (3) calculating a P content control value at the blowing end point of the converter, a P removal cost (per ton of steel) and a deoxidation cost (per ton of steel) generated by molten steel peroxidation caused by converter blowing according to the steps (2) and (3) and the steps 2) and 3) as shown in the following table 5.

TABLE 5 control of P content, dep cost, deoxidation cost (Yuan/ton steel) at converter blowing end

The tables are combined to obtain the cost optimization control method for converter smelting of the embodiments 1-8, which is shown in the following table 6:

TABLE 6 cost optimization control method for converter smelting and converter smelting cost calculation value in examples 1 to 8

As shown in the above Table 6, the C, P content at the converter smelting endpoint, the addition type and amount of the Si-and Mn-containing alloy, and the calculation result of the converter smelting cost can be accurately calculated according to the calculation method of the function provided by the present invention.

The method comprehensively analyzes the influence of four influence factors of the consumption loss of steel materials, the deoxidation cost, the cost of silicon or manganese-containing alloy and the dephosphorization cost on the converter smelting cost, obtains the optimal process path and the lowest cost for controlling the molten steel components to the target contents of C, Mn, Si and P during converter smelting by using the functional relation, embeds the functional relation into an Excel table, and uses a method calculated by a computer formula to replace a manual empirical converter smelting operation mode to guide the steelmaking production of the converter, thereby solving the problem of unstable molten steel quality caused by uneven levels of steelmaking operators, reducing the cost of converter smelting procedures and being beneficial to the implementation of the standardized operation of the converter.

After a converter with a nominal capacity of 120 tons optimally controls converter steelmaking operation by adopting the technology provided by the application from 1 month in 2020, 9876 furnace molten steel is smelted all year round in 2020, the percent of pass of the target C, Mn, Si and P component contents of finished steel products reaches 99.97%, the total cost of converter smelting procedures is 108 yuan/ton steel, the percent of pass of steel components is improved by 0.24%, the total cost of converter smelting procedures is reduced by 12 yuan/ton steel, the quality stability of products is obviously improved, and the cost of converter smelting procedures is obviously reduced.

The invention adopts a function formula to definitely calculate the consumption loss of the steel material, the deoxidation cost, the cost of the silicon or manganese-containing alloy and the dephosphorization cost, digitalizes the smelting cost of the converter and lays a solid foundation for the standardized calculation of the cost and the benefit of the subsequent steel grade.