阅读说明：本技术 一种合成聚氨酯缓冲器及其加工工艺 (Synthetic polyurethane buffer and processing technology thereof ) 是由 张蕾 于 2021-08-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及缓冲部件技术领域,具体涉及一种合成聚氨酯缓冲器,该合成聚氨酯缓冲器包括缓冲体,缓冲体采用合成聚氨酯材料,所述合成聚氨酯材料包括二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、聚酯多元醇、3,3’-二氯-4,4’-二氨基二苯基甲烷MOCA、聚四氢呋喃醚二醇、有机硅泡沫稳定剂、1,4—丁二醇、碳化二亚胺、二月桂酸二丁基锡和三亚乙基二胺,缓冲体包括一体成型的第一缓冲体和第二缓冲体,且所述第一缓冲体设于第二缓冲体上方,该产品可直接安装在电梯井道底坑水泥地面上,不需要另配固定底座连接,且具有良好的缓冲效果,在达到国标对聚氨酯缓冲器的性能要求的前提下,起到更好的缓冲效果,且便于更换和拆卸。(The invention relates to the technical field of buffer parts, in particular to a synthetic polyurethane buffer which comprises a buffer body, wherein the buffer body is made of synthetic polyurethane material, the synthetic polyurethane material comprises diphenylmethane diisocyanate, polyester polyol, 3 '-dichloro-4, 4' -diaminodiphenylmethane MOCA, polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol, an organic silicon foam stabilizer, 1, 4-butanediol, carbodiimide, dibutyltin dilaurate and triethylenediamine, the buffer body comprises a first buffer body and a second buffer body which are integrally formed, the first buffer body is arranged above the second buffer body, the product can be directly arranged on cement ground of a pit of an elevator shaft without being connected by an additional fixed base, and has good buffer effect, under the premise of meeting the performance requirement of national standard on the polyurethane buffer, the buffer effect is better, and the replacement and the disassembly are convenient.)

1. A synthetic polyurethane bumper, comprising: the synthetic polyurethane buffer comprises a buffer body, wherein the buffer body is made of a synthetic polyurethane material, and the synthetic polyurethane material comprises diphenylmethane diisocyanate, polyester polyol, 3 '-dichloro-4, 4' -diaminodiphenylmethane MOCA, polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol, an organic silicon foam stabilizer, 1, 4-butanediol, carbodiimide, dibutyltin dilaurate and triethylenediamine.

2. A synthetic polyurethane bumper as defined in claim 1, wherein: the synthetic polyurethane material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 20-30 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 0.1-1 part of polyester polyol, 1-10 parts of 3,3 '-dichloro-4, 4' -diaminodiphenylmethane MOCA, 0.01-0.1 part of polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol, 58-70 parts of an organic silicon foam stabilizer, 0.01-0.1 part of 1, 4-butanediol, 0.01-0.1 part of carbodiimide, 0.1-1 part of dibutyltin dilaurate and 0.1-1 part of triethylenediamine.

3. A synthetic polyurethane bumper as defined in claim 2, wherein: the buffer body comprises a first buffer body and a second buffer body which are integrally formed, and the first buffer body is arranged above the second buffer body;

the buffer body is internally provided with a mounting hole, and the mounting hole vertically penetrates through the first buffer body and the second buffer body from top to bottom;

the mounting holes comprise a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole which are integrally formed, the first mounting hole is a tapered hole, the diameter of the first mounting hole is gradually reduced from top to bottom, the inclination of the first mounting hole is alpha, and the range of the alpha is 5-15 degrees;

the joint of the first buffer body and the second buffer body is a circle of buffer groove.

4. A synthetic polyurethane bumper according to claim 3, wherein: the second mounting hole is a T-shaped hole, the diameter of the top of the second mounting hole is larger than that of the bottom of the first mounting hole, an installation part is arranged in the second mounting hole, and the synthetic polyurethane buffer is installed on the rack through the installation part.

5. A synthetic polyurethane bumper according to claim 4, wherein: the buffer groove is formed by connecting a first buffer surface and a second buffer surface;

the first buffer surface is arranged at the bottom end of the first buffer body, and the second buffer surface is arranged at the top end of the second buffer body;

and the included angle formed by the first buffer surface and the second buffer surface is beta, and the range of the beta is 45-60 degrees.

6. A synthetic polyurethane bumper according to claim 5, wherein: the device also comprises a built-in buffer body;

the first buffer body is provided with a built-in buffer hole from top to bottom, and the built-in buffer body is arranged in the built-in buffer hole.

7. A synthetic polyurethane bumper as defined in claim 6, wherein: the built-in buffer body comprises a first magnet, a second magnet, a buffer elastic piece and a telescopic rod;

the first magnet is arranged in the middle of the built-in buffer hole through the first elastic supporting rod; the second magnet is arranged at the bottom of the built-in buffer hole through a second elastic supporting rod;

a gap is arranged above the first magnet, and buffer rubber is filled in the gap;

the first magnet and the second magnet are connected through a plurality of telescopic rods, each telescopic rod is provided with a buffering elastic piece, the top of each buffering elastic piece is in contact with the lower surface of the first magnet, and the bottom of each buffering elastic piece is in contact with the upper surface of the second magnet;

the first magnet and the second magnet have the same magnetism.

8. A synthetic polyurethane bumper as defined in claim 7, wherein: the built-in buffer holes are arranged in a plurality of modes, the built-in buffer holes are distributed in an annular mode and are evenly spaced, and a built-in buffer body is arranged in each built-in buffer hole.

9. The process for manufacturing a buffer body of a synthetic polyurethane bumper as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) checking the equipment condition of the casting machine, ensuring no fault and cleanness of the interior of the steel barrel, preparing a barrel A and a barrel B, forbidding the barrel A and the barrel B to be used in a mixed way, and ensuring that the barrel A and the barrel B above the casting machine can discharge materials simultaneously;

(2) preparing a synthetic polyurethane material according to the following steps of 0.1-1 part of polyester polyol, 1-10 parts of 3,3 '-dichloro-4, 4' -diaminodiphenylmethane MOCA, 0.01-0.1 part of polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol, 58-70 parts of an organic silicon foam stabilizer, 0.01-0.1 part of 1, 4-butanediol, 0.01-0.1 part of carbodiimide, 0.1-1 part of dibutyltin dilaurate and 0.1-1 part of triethylene diamine;

(3) mixing 3,3 '-dichloro-4, 4' -diaminodiphenylmethane MOCA, polyester polyol and half of polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol to obtain a material A;

mixing diphenylmethane diisocyanate and the rest polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol to obtain a material B;

mixing an organic silicon foam stabilizer, 1, 4-butanediol, carbodiimide, dibutyltin dilaurate and triethylenediamine to form auxiliary materials;

(4) the prepared material A and the auxiliary material are put into a barrel A, the material B is put into a barrel B, a power supply and an alarm change-over switch are started, then a heating change-over switch is started, a motor for stirring the barrel A and the barrel B is started, and a motor for adjusting the frequency of the barrel A and the barrel B is started;

(5) setting a station and pouring time (a sample: the time for work pouring is 0.06s) on a pouring machine operation gun panel;

(6) placing the test cup at a position which is a proper distance below a gun nozzle of a casting machine, pressing an injection button to start casting, obtaining a small sample after casting is finished, aligning the gun nozzle to a waste bag, and immediately pressing a cleaning button;

(7) and after the small sample is foamed, cutting the small sample by using a tool knife, observing the internal texture through a section, wherein the texture is fine, smooth and uniform and is qualified, and the texture is non-uniform, layered and unqualified in pores.

10. The process of claim 9, wherein: in the step (1), the discharging ratio of the barrel A to the barrel B is 1: 1.45.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of buffer parts, in particular to a synthetic polyurethane buffer and a processing technology thereof.

Background

The buffer plays an important role in industries such as elevators and cranes, and the damage to equipment is greatly reduced, so that the equipment can run safely for a long time. The existing elevator industry generally adopts a polyurethane buffer or a mechanical oil pressure buffer which is light in weight, corrosion resistant, aging resistant, good in electrical insulation and explosion-proof performance.

The national market supervision and management bureau 12/14/2020 and the national standardization administration committee issue new elevator manufacturing and installation safety regulations GB/T7588-. The formulations of polyurethane buffers need to be upgraded to meet the higher performance requirements.

At present, the buffer used for the elevator with the speed of less than 1.0m/s adopts a common microporous polyurethane buffer, and the elevator with the speed of more than 1.0m/s adopts a hydraulic buffer. A common microporous polyurethane buffer is formed by integrating a steel plate with the thickness of 4-8 mm serving as a bottom plate with a microporous polyurethane elastomer through a one-step forming technology by means of an adhesive, has high rebound speed and cannot be used for elevators with the thickness of more than 1.0 m/s. The hydraulic buffer is composed of a cylinder body, a piston, a core rod, a sealing ring, a return spring, a collision head, a return switch, hydraulic oil meeting the specified requirements and the like, and when the car underbeam buffer plate collides the piston, the piston forces the hydraulic oil in the cylinder body to flow into the oil storage chamber through an annular damping hole between the core rod and the piston.

Because of the damping effect of the annular holes, on one hand, the fluid is enabled to generate turbulent flow, heat is generated, a part of kinetic energy of the lift car is consumed, on the other hand, the impact force of the lift car is delayed, and the buffer effect is generated. The reset spring has the function of resetting the piston after finishing the buffering function and also has a certain buffering and accelerating function. The reset switch is connected with the safety circuit and used for verifying that the buffer is restored to the position. Although the hydraulic buffer is ideal in speed and bearing, the hydraulic buffer is high in cost, troublesome in maintenance and potential safety hazard and mainly comprises the following components: firstly, the oil leakage phenomenon is serious and common, so that the oil quantity is changed; secondly, whether the oil can meet the requirements or not due to the aging change of the oil cannot be detected; thirdly, whether the added hydraulic oil meets the requirements or not is uncontrollable; checking regularly and maintaining the product; aging the sealing ring; sixthly, the sliding pair may be rusted after a long time, and the like. In addition, the environment is seriously polluted due to the oil leakage phenomenon.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a synthetic polyurethane buffer which can be directly installed on cement ground of a pit of an elevator shaft without additionally arranging a fixed base for connection and has good buffering effect, thereby achieving better buffering effect on the premise of meeting the performance requirement of national standard on the polyurethane buffer and being convenient to replace and disassemble.

The basic scheme of the invention is as follows: a synthetic polyurethane buffer comprises a buffer body, wherein the buffer body is made of a synthetic polyurethane material, and the synthetic polyurethane material comprises diphenylmethane diisocyanate, polyester polyol, 3 '-dichloro-4, 4' -diaminodiphenylmethane MOCA, polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol, an organic silicon foam stabilizer, 1, 4-butanediol, carbodiimide, dibutyltin dilaurate and triethylenediamine.

Preferably, the mass ratio of each component in the synthetic polyurethane material is as follows: 20-30 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 0.1-1 part of polyester polyol, 1-10 parts of 3,3 '-dichloro-4, 4' -diaminodiphenylmethane MOCA, 0.01-0.1 part of polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol, 58-70 parts of an organic silicon foam stabilizer, 0.01-0.1 part of 1, 4-butanediol, 0.01-0.1 part of carbodiimide, 0.1-1 part of dibutyltin dilaurate and 0.1-1 part of triethylenediamine.

Preferably, the buffer body comprises a first buffer body and a second buffer body which are integrally formed, and the first buffer body is arranged above the second buffer body;

the buffer body is internally provided with a mounting hole, and the mounting hole vertically penetrates through the first buffer body and the second buffer body from top to bottom;

the mounting holes comprise a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole which are integrally formed, the first mounting hole is a tapered hole, the diameter of the first mounting hole is gradually reduced from top to bottom, the inclination of the first mounting hole is alpha, and the range of the alpha is 5-15 degrees;

the joint of the first buffer body and the second buffer body is a circle of buffer groove.

Preferably, the second mounting hole is a T-shaped hole, the diameter of the top of the second mounting hole is larger than the diameter of the bottom of the first mounting hole, a mounting part is arranged in the second mounting hole, and the synthetic polyurethane buffer is mounted on the rack through the mounting part.

Preferably, the buffer groove is formed by connecting a first buffer surface and a second buffer surface;

the first buffer surface is arranged at the bottom end of the first buffer body, and the second buffer surface is arranged at the top end of the second buffer body;

and the included angle formed by the first buffer surface and the second buffer surface is beta, and the range of the beta is 45-60 degrees.

Preferably, the device further comprises a built-in buffer body;

the first buffer body is provided with a built-in buffer hole from top to bottom, and the built-in buffer body is arranged in the built-in buffer hole.

Preferably, the built-in buffer body comprises a first magnet, a second magnet, a buffer elastic piece and a telescopic rod;

the first magnet is arranged in the middle of the built-in buffer hole through the first elastic supporting rod; the second magnet is arranged at the bottom of the built-in buffer hole through a second elastic supporting rod;

a gap is arranged above the first magnet, and buffer rubber is filled in the gap;

the first magnet and the second magnet are connected through a plurality of telescopic rods, each telescopic rod is provided with a buffering elastic piece, the top of each buffering elastic piece is in contact with the lower surface of the first magnet, and the bottom of each buffering elastic piece is in contact with the upper surface of the second magnet;

the first magnet and the second magnet have the same magnetism.

Preferably, the number of the built-in buffer holes is multiple, the built-in buffer holes are distributed annularly and uniformly at intervals, and a built-in buffer body is arranged in each built-in buffer hole.

Furthermore, the invention also provides a processing technology of the buffer body of the synthetic polyurethane buffer, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) checking the equipment condition of the casting machine, ensuring no fault and cleanness of the interior of the steel barrel, preparing a barrel A and a barrel B, forbidding the barrel A and the barrel B to be used in a mixed way, and ensuring that the barrel A and the barrel B above the casting machine can discharge materials simultaneously;

(2) preparing a synthetic polyurethane material according to the following steps of 0.1-1 part of polyester polyol, 1-10 parts of 3,3 '-dichloro-4, 4' -diaminodiphenylmethane MOCA, 0.01-0.1 part of polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol, 58-70 parts of an organic silicon foam stabilizer, 0.01-0.1 part of 1, 4-butanediol, 0.01-0.1 part of carbodiimide, 0.1-1 part of dibutyltin dilaurate and 0.1-1 part of triethylene diamine;

(3) mixing 3,3 '-dichloro-4, 4' -diaminodiphenylmethane MOCA, polyester polyol and half of polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol to obtain a material A;

mixing diphenylmethane diisocyanate and the rest polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol to obtain a material B;

mixing an organic silicon foam stabilizer, 1, 4-butanediol, carbodiimide, dibutyltin dilaurate and triethylenediamine to form auxiliary materials;

(4) the prepared material A and the auxiliary material are put into a barrel A, the material B is put into a barrel B, a power supply and an alarm change-over switch are started, then a heating change-over switch is started, a motor for stirring the barrel A and the barrel B is started, and a motor for adjusting the frequency of the barrel A and the barrel B is started;

(5) setting a station and pouring time (a sample: the time for work pouring is 0.06s) on a pouring machine operation gun panel;

(6) placing the test cup at a position which is a proper distance below a gun nozzle of a casting machine, pressing an injection button to start casting, obtaining a small sample after casting is finished, aligning the gun nozzle to a waste bag, and immediately pressing a cleaning button;

(7) and after the small sample is foamed, cutting the small sample by using a tool knife, observing the internal texture through a section, wherein the texture is fine, smooth and uniform and is qualified, and the texture is non-uniform, layered and unqualified in pores.

Preferably, the discharge ratio of the barrel A to the barrel B in the step (1) is 1: 1.45.

the working principle and the advantages of the invention are as follows:

(1) the buffer body is prepared by taking synthetic polyurethane as a raw material, has good oil resistance, toughness, wear resistance, aging resistance and adhesiveness, and has better pressure resistance;

(2) the installation part is arranged at the bottom of the buffer, and a base does not need to be additionally arranged for installation, so that the cost is saved; the mounting piece can also play roles in clamping, preventing displacement and improving the overall fixity in the mounting process, the pressure resistance of the buffer is improved, the phenomena of sinking, cracking and the like in use are avoided, and the service life of the buffer is effectively prolonged;

(3) a buffer groove is formed at the joint of the first buffer body and the second buffer body, and the buffer effect is achieved by utilizing the principle that the stress area is increased to disperse pressure;

(4) the principle that like poles of the magnets repel each other is fully utilized, the magnetic relation between the first magnet and the second magnet is utilized, when acting force acts on the upper portion of the first magnet to move downwards, the buffering elastic part can be extruded, at the moment, the second magnet is fixed at the bottom of the built-in buffering hole, and when the distance between the first magnet and the second magnet is close to each other, the first magnet can be restored to the original position under the action that like poles repel each other, and the buffering effect is achieved again;

(5) a buffering elastic part is arranged between the first magnet and the second magnet, so that a buffering effect can be further realized, and the recovery movement of the first magnet and the second magnet is facilitated;

(6) the built-in buffering downthehole is equipped with cushion rubber, can further play the effect of buffering.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a synthetic polyurethane bumper of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a synthetic polyurethane bumper of the present invention (embodiment one);

FIG. 3 is a top view of a synthetic polyurethane bumper of the present invention (embodiment one);

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a synthetic polyurethane bumper of the present invention (example two);

FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a top view of a synthetic polyurethane bumper of the present invention (example two);

reference numerals referred to in the drawings are: a second buffer body 1, a first buffer body 2; the buffer structure comprises a first mounting hole 3, a second mounting hole 4, a mounting part 5, a buffer groove 6, a first magnet 7, a built-in buffer hole 8, buffer rubber 9, a first elastic supporting rod 10, a telescopic rod 12, a buffer elastic part 13, a second elastic supporting rod 14 and a second magnet 15.

Detailed Description

The following is further detailed by the specific embodiments:

the national market supervision and management bureau 12/14/2020 and the national standardization administration committee issue new elevator manufacturing and installation safety regulations GB/T7588-. The formulations of polyurethane buffers need to be upgraded to meet the higher performance requirements.

The first embodiment is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a synthetic polyurethane buffer comprises a buffer body, wherein the buffer body is made of a synthetic polyurethane material, and the synthetic polyurethane material comprises diphenylmethane diisocyanate, polyester polyol, 3 '-dichloro-4, 4' -diaminodiphenylmethane MOCA, polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol, an organosilicon foam stabilizer, 1, 4-butanediol, carbodiimide, dibutyltin dilaurate and triethylenediamine, wherein the mass ratio of each component in the synthetic polyurethane material is as follows: 20-30 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 0.1-1 part of polyester polyol, 1-10 parts of 3,3 '-dichloro-4, 4' -diaminodiphenylmethane MOCA, 0.01-0.1 part of polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol, 58-70 parts of an organic silicon foam stabilizer, 0.01-0.1 part of 1, 4-butanediol, 0.01-0.1 part of carbodiimide, 0.1-1 part of dibutyltin dilaurate and 0.1-1 part of triethylenediamine.

The synthesized polyurethane elastomer is a compact product, has the performance between that of rubber and plastic, and has the performances of high rebound resilience, shock absorption, wear resistance, oil resistance, tearing resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, radiation resistance and the like.

Preparation of hydroxyl-terminated polytetrahydrofuran: tetrahydrofuran is a five-membered ring monomer, has small ring tension, low polymerization activity and low reaction speed, and can synthesize hydroxyl-terminated polytetrahydrofuran with the relative molecular mass of 1000-3000 by using acetic anhydride as a carrier to carry out cationic ring-opening polymerization under the catalytic action of strong hydrogen-containing perchloric acid.

The buffer body comprises a first buffer body 2 and a second buffer body 1 which are integrally formed, and the first buffer body 2 is arranged above the second buffer body 1; the buffer body is internally provided with a mounting hole which vertically penetrates through the first buffer body 2 and the second buffer body 1 from top to bottom; the mounting holes comprise a first mounting hole 3 and a second mounting hole 4 which are integrally formed, the first mounting hole 3 is a tapered hole, the diameter of the first mounting hole 3 is gradually reduced from top to bottom, the inclination of the first mounting hole 3 is alpha, and the range of the alpha is 5-15 degrees; the joint of the first buffer body 2 and the second buffer body 1 is a circle of buffer groove 6.

The second mounting hole 4 is a T-shaped hole, the diameter of the top of the second mounting hole 4 is larger than that of the bottom of the first mounting hole 3, the mounting part 5 is arranged in the second mounting hole 4, and the synthetic polyurethane buffer is mounted on the rack through the mounting part 5.

The buffer groove 6 is formed by connecting a first buffer surface and a second buffer surface;

the first buffer surface is arranged at the bottom end of the first buffer body 2, and the second buffer surface is arranged at the top end of the second buffer body 1; and the included angle formed by the first buffer surface and the second buffer surface is beta, and the range of the beta is 45-60 degrees.

The processing technology of the buffer body is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) checking the equipment condition of the casting machine, ensuring no fault and cleanness of the interior of the steel barrel, preparing a barrel A and a barrel B, forbidding the barrel A and the barrel B to be used in a mixed way, and ensuring that the barrel A and the barrel B above the casting machine can discharge materials simultaneously;

(2) preparing a synthetic polyurethane material according to the following steps of 0.1-1 part of polyester polyol, 1-10 parts of 3,3 '-dichloro-4, 4' -diaminodiphenylmethane MOCA, 0.01-0.1 part of polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol, 58-70 parts of an organic silicon foam stabilizer, 0.01-0.1 part of 1, 4-butanediol, 0.01-0.1 part of carbodiimide, 0.1-1 part of dibutyltin dilaurate and 0.1-1 part of triethylene diamine;

(3) mixing 3,3 '-dichloro-4, 4' -diaminodiphenylmethane MOCA, polyester polyol and half of polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol to obtain a material A;

mixing diphenylmethane diisocyanate and the rest polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol to obtain a material B;

mixing an organic silicon foam stabilizer, 1, 4-butanediol, carbodiimide, dibutyltin dilaurate and triethylenediamine to form auxiliary materials;

(4) the prepared material A and the auxiliary material are put into a barrel A, the material B is put into a barrel B, a power supply and an alarm change-over switch are started, then a heating change-over switch is started, a motor for stirring the barrel A and the barrel B is started, and a motor for adjusting the frequency of the barrel A and the barrel B is started;

(5) setting a station and pouring time (a sample: the time for work pouring is 0.06s) on a pouring machine operation gun panel;

(6) placing the test cup at a position which is a proper distance below a gun nozzle of a casting machine, pressing an injection button to start casting, obtaining a small sample after casting is finished, aligning the gun nozzle to a waste bag, and immediately pressing a cleaning button;

(7) and after the small sample is foamed, cutting the small sample by using a tool knife, observing the internal texture through a section, wherein the texture is fine, smooth and uniform and is qualified, and the texture is non-uniform, layered and unqualified in pores.

In the step (1), the discharging ratio of the barrel A to the barrel B is 1: 1.45.

the completed buffer needs to go through the following experiments:

firstly, according to the requirement of European standard: the nonlinear buffer is subjected to impact test, namely, the impact test is carried out on the nonlinear buffer by using a car with a load capacity which is simulated by a heavy object. The recording equipment system frequency is not less than 1000HZ, and 10 impact tests are respectively carried out according to the maximum allowable mass and the minimum allowable mass.

The maximum speed required at the moment of impact is not less than 0.8m/s

② it should be ensured that the acceleration at the moment of impact is at least 0.9gn

Thirdly, the experiment interval is 5min-30min each time, when the maximum allowable mass experiment is carried out, when the buffer stroke is equal to 50% of the actual height of the buffer, the deviation between the coordinate values of the buffer force measured for 3 times is not more than 5%; this requirement should also be met when conducting minimum allowable quality experiments.

Fourthly, the experimental environment temperature is between 15 ℃ and 25 DEG C

The nonlinear energy storage type buffer meets the following requirements:

when a car or a counterweight with rated load freely falls and impacts a car buffer at 115% of rated speed, the average deceleration during the action of the buffer is not more than 1.0 gn;

② the time when the deceleration peak value exceeds 2.5gn should not be more than 0.04s

Thirdly, the rebound speed of the heavy object should not exceed 1.0m/s

Fourthly, the peak value of the maximum deceleration does not exceed 6gn

After the impact test, the buffer has no permanent deformation;

according to the requirements of new national standards:

when a car or counterweight carrying a nominal load freely falls and impacts the buffer at 115% of nominal speed, the nonlinear energy storage type buffer should meet the following requirements:

deceleration as determined by 5.5.3.2.6.1a) of CB/T7588.2-2020 should not be greater than 1.0 gn;

deceleration times above 2.5gn should not be greater than 0.04 s;

the rebound speed of the car or the counterweight should not exceed 1.0 m/s;

after the buffer acts, no permanent deformation exists;

the deceleration maximum peak should not be greater than 6.0 gn.

The bumper should be bump tested using a weight. By free fall, the desired maximum velocity is reached at the moment of impact and is not lower than 0.8 m/s.

The mass of the weight should correspond to the maximum and minimum mass. The weight should be guided in the direction of the plumb with as little friction as possible so that the instantaneous acceleration of the impact reaches at least 0.9gn and the ambient temperature should be +15 c to +25 c.

Three tests should be carried out with the following masses:

a) maximum mass

b) Minimum mass

The interval between the two tests is 5min-30 min.

For the maximum mass test, when the cushion stroke is equal to 50% of the actual height of the cushion given by the applicant, the deviation of the cushion force values measured corresponding to three times is not more than 5%. For the minimum mass test, the deviation of the three buffer force values should be similar.

Example two:

as shown in fig. 1 and 3 to 6, a synthetic polyurethane buffer is made of a synthetic polyurethane material, wherein the synthetic polyurethane material comprises diphenylmethane diisocyanate, polyester polyol, 3 '-dichloro-4, 4' -diaminodiphenylmethane MOCA, polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol, an organosilicon foam stabilizer, 1, 4-butanediol, carbodiimide, dibutyltin dilaurate and triethylenediamine, and the mass ratio of the components in the synthetic polyurethane material is as follows: 20-30 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 0.1-1 part of polyester polyol, 1-10 parts of 3,3 '-dichloro-4, 4' -diaminodiphenylmethane MOCA, 0.01-0.1 part of polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol, 58-70 parts of an organic silicon foam stabilizer, 0.01-0.1 part of 1, 4-butanediol, 0.01-0.1 part of carbodiimide, 0.1-1 part of dibutyltin dilaurate and 0.1-1 part of triethylenediamine.

The synthesized polyurethane elastomer is a compact product, has the performance between that of rubber and plastic, and has the performances of high rebound resilience, shock absorption, wear resistance, oil resistance, tearing resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, radiation resistance and the like.

Preparation of hydroxyl-terminated polytetrahydrofuran: tetrahydrofuran is a five-membered ring monomer, has small ring tension, low polymerization activity and low reaction speed, and can synthesize hydroxyl-terminated polytetrahydrofuran with the relative molecular mass of 1000-3000 by using acetic anhydride as a carrier to carry out cationic ring-opening polymerization under the catalytic action of strong hydrogen-containing perchloric acid.

The buffer body comprises a first buffer body 2 and a second buffer body 1 which are integrally formed, and the first buffer body 2 is arranged above the second buffer body 1; the buffer body is internally provided with a mounting hole which vertically penetrates through the first buffer body 2 and the second buffer body 1 from top to bottom; the mounting holes comprise a first mounting hole 3 and a second mounting hole 4 which are integrally formed, the first mounting hole 3 is a tapered hole, the diameter of the first mounting hole 3 is gradually reduced from top to bottom, the inclination of the first mounting hole 3 is alpha, and the range of the alpha is 5-15 degrees; the joint of the first buffer body 2 and the second buffer body 1 is a circle of buffer groove 6.

The second mounting hole 4 is a T-shaped hole, the diameter of the top of the second mounting hole 4 is larger than that of the bottom of the first mounting hole 3, the mounting part 5 is arranged in the second mounting hole 4, and the synthetic polyurethane buffer is mounted on the rack through the mounting part 5.

The buffer groove 6 is formed by connecting a first buffer surface and a second buffer surface;

the first buffer surface is arranged at the bottom end of the first buffer body 2, and the second buffer surface is arranged at the top end of the second buffer body 1; and the included angle formed by the first buffer surface and the second buffer surface is beta, and the range of the beta is 45-60 degrees.

The device also comprises a built-in buffer body; the first buffer body 2 is provided with a built-in buffer hole 8 from top to bottom, the built-in buffer body is arranged in the built-in buffer hole 8, and the built-in buffer body comprises a first magnet 7, a second magnet 15, a buffer elastic part 13 and a telescopic rod 12; the first magnet 7 is arranged in the middle of the built-in buffer hole 8 through the first elastic support rod 10; the second magnet 15 is arranged at the bottom of the built-in buffer hole 8 through a second elastic support rod 14; a gap is arranged above the first magnet 7, and the gap is filled with buffer rubber 9; the first magnet 7 and the second magnet 15 are connected through a plurality of telescopic rods 12, each telescopic rod 12 is provided with a buffering elastic piece 13, the top of each buffering elastic piece 13 is in contact with the lower surface of the first magnet 7, and the bottom of each buffering elastic piece 13 is in contact with the upper surface of the second magnet 15; the first magnet 7 and the second magnet 15 have the same magnetism. Built-in buffer hole 8 is equipped with 4, and 4 built-in buffer holes 8 are the even distribution in annular and interval, all are equipped with built-in buffer body in every built-in buffer hole 8.

The principle that like poles of the magnetite repel each other has been fully utilized, utilize the magnetism relation between first magnetite 7 and the second magnetite 15, when first magnetite 7 top received effort downstream, can carry out the squeezing action to buffering elastic component 13, at this moment, second magnetite 15 is fixed in built-in buffer hole 8 bottom, when first magnetite 7 and second magnetite 15's distance is close to, because like poles repel each other's effect, first magnetite 7 with meet the conference and resume original position, play the cushioning effect again.

The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention, and common general knowledge in the field of known specific structures and characteristics is not described herein in any greater extent than that known in the art at the filing date or prior to the priority date of the application, so that those skilled in the art can now appreciate that all of the above-described techniques in this field and have the ability to apply routine experimentation before this date can be combined with one or more of the present teachings to complete and implement the present invention, and that certain typical known structures or known methods do not pose any impediments to the implementation of the present invention by those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent.