阅读说明：本技术 一种基于磁电偶极子的宽频带平稳高增益天线 (Broadband stable high-gain antenna based on magnetoelectric dipole ) 是由 唐杰 周鑫 马若炎 罗乾峪 王杏林 于 2021-11-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于磁电偶极子的宽频带平稳高增益天线。所述天线包括反射装置、Г型馈电结构、通孔、垂直磁偶极子、水平电偶极子和固定板；Г型馈电结构和两个固定板设置在反射装置上,Г型馈电结构设置在反射装置上表面,两个固定板设置在Г型馈电结构两侧；两个固定板上均设置有一个水平电偶极子；两个垂直磁偶极子分别设置在两个固定板靠向Г型馈电结构的一侧；通孔设置于反射装置上,连通Г型馈电结构的底部；外接的SMA连接器通过通孔连接到Г型馈电结构,Г型馈电结构通过耦合馈电传递能量给垂直磁偶极子和水平电偶极子,从而进行空间辐射。本发明提供的宽频带平稳高增益天线辐射效率高,天线的能量利用率高。(The invention discloses a broadband stable high-gain antenna based on a magnetoelectric dipole. The antenna comprises a reflecting device, a Gamma type feed structure, a through hole, a vertical magnetic dipole, a horizontal electric dipole and a fixing plate; the reverse type feed structure and the two fixing plates are arranged on the reflecting device, the reverse type feed structure is arranged on the upper surface of the reflecting device, and the two fixing plates are arranged on two sides of the reverse type feed structure; a horizontal electric dipole is arranged on each of the two fixed plates; the two vertical magnetic dipoles are respectively arranged at one side of the two fixing plates, which is close to the Gamma type feed structure; the through hole is arranged on the reflecting device and communicated with the bottom of the Gamma type feed structure; the external SMA connector is connected to a Gamma type feed structure through a through hole, and the Gamma type feed structure transfers energy to a vertical magnetic dipole and a horizontal electric dipole through coupling feed, thereby carrying out space radiation. The broadband stable high-gain antenna provided by the invention has high radiation efficiency and high energy utilization rate.)

1. A broadband stable high-gain antenna based on a magnetoelectric dipole is characterized by comprising a reflecting device, a Gamma type feed structure (4), a through hole (6), a vertical magnetic dipole (5), a horizontal electric dipole (7) and a fixing plate (2);

the reverse-type power supply device comprises a reverse-type power supply structure (4), two fixing plates (2), a reverse-type power supply structure (4), a reverse-type power supply structure and a reflecting device, wherein the reverse-type power supply structure (4) and the two fixing plates (2) are arranged on the reflecting device, the reverse-type power supply structure (4) is arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the reflecting device, and the two fixing plates (2) are arranged on two sides of the reverse-type power supply structure (4); a horizontal electric dipole (7) is arranged on each of the two fixed plates (2); the two vertical magnetic dipoles (5) are respectively arranged at one side of the two fixed plates (2) close to the Gamma-type feed structure (4); the through hole (6) is arranged in the center of the reflecting device and communicated with the bottom of the Gamma type feed structure (4);

the external SMA connector is connected to a Gamma type feed structure (4) through a through hole (6), and the Gamma type feed structure (4) transfers energy to a vertical magnetic dipole (5) and a horizontal electric dipole (7) through coupling feed, thereby carrying out space radiation.

2. The broadband stable high-gain antenna based on the magnetoelectric dipole according to claim 1, wherein the reflecting device comprises a bottom reflecting plate (1-1) and four side wall reflecting plates (1-2);

the four side wall reflecting plates (1-2) are all arranged on the bottom surface reflecting plate (1-1) and are respectively arranged on four edges of the bottom surface reflecting plate (1-1) to form a reflecting device with a concave structure.

3. The broadband stable high-gain antenna based on the magnetoelectric dipole according to claim 2, wherein the bottom reflector (1-1) and the four side-wall reflectors (1-2) each comprise a dielectric layer and a copper-clad layer, the dielectric layers are wrapped by copper-clad layers, and the bottom surfaces of the copper-clad layers are attached to the top surfaces of the dielectric layers.

4. The broadband stable high-gain antenna based on the magnetoelectric dipole according to claim 3, wherein the through hole (6) is arranged at a non-central position on the bottom surface reflecting plate (1-1), and the through hole (6) penetrates through a dielectric layer and a copper-clad layer of the bottom surface reflecting plate (1-1); the reverse type feed structure (4) is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom surface reflecting plate (1-1); and a conductor pin of the SMA connector is inserted into the through hole (6) so as to be connected to the reverse type feed structure (4) above the copper-clad layer, the conductor pin is arranged on the inner side of the reverse type feed structure (4) so as to realize the transmission of electric energy, and meanwhile, a copper-clad layer on the bottom surface reflecting plate (1-1) is used as a ground plane.

5. The broadband stable high-gain antenna based on the magnetoelectric dipole according to claim 3, wherein the two fixing plates (2) are fixed on the bottom reflecting plate (1-1) through two supporting columns (3) respectively;

the support columns (3) comprise long support columns (3-1) and two short support columns (3-2); one end of the long supporting column (3-1) penetrates through the bottom surface reflection plate (1-1) to be connected with one short supporting column (3-2), so that the long supporting column (3-1) is fixed on the bottom surface reflection plate (1-1), and the other end of the long supporting column (3-1) penetrates through the fixing plate (2) to be connected with the other short supporting column (3-2), so that the fixing of the fixing plate (2) is realized; the supporting columns (3) enable the bottom surface of the fixing plate (2) to be higher than the side wall reflecting plates (1-2).

6. The broadband stable high-gain antenna based on the magnetoelectric dipole according to claim 1, wherein two horizontal electric dipoles (7) are respectively arranged on the two fixing plates (2), and the two horizontal electric dipoles (7) are parallel to each other;

the horizontal electric dipole (7) is in a wave bending shape, the bending angle is 50 degrees relative to the horizontal direction, the bending position is a plane, the horizontal electric dipole (7) is placed in the center of the fixing plate (2), and one side of the horizontal electric dipole (7) is connected with the vertical magnetic dipole (5).

7. The broadband stable high-gain antenna based on the magnetoelectric dipoles is characterized in that the vertical magnetic dipoles (5) are copper plates vertical to the upper surface of the bottom reflecting plate (1-1), and the upper parts of the vertical magnetic dipoles (5) are flush with the upper parts of the horizontal electric dipoles (7); one end of the vertical magnetic dipole (5) is connected with the horizontal electric dipole (7), and the other end of the vertical magnetic dipole is fixed on the upper surface of the bottom reflecting plate (1-1) through soldering tin; the horizontal width of the vertical dipole (5) along the length direction of the fixed plate (2) and the distance between every two bent parts of the horizontal electric dipole (7) are different by 0.5 mm-2 mm, and the horizontal width of the vertical dipole (5)) along the length direction of the fixed plate (2) ranges from 6 mm to 9 mm.

8. The broadband stable high-gain antenna based on the magnetoelectric dipole according to claim 1, wherein the r-type feed structure (4) comprises a first copper plate (4-1), a second copper plate (4-2) and a third copper plate (4-3);

the first copper plate (4-1) is a copper plate which is perpendicular to the bottom surface reflection plate (1-1), the bottom surface of the first copper plate (4-1) is connected with the upper surface of the bottom surface reflection plate (1-1), the bottom surface of the first copper plate (4-1) is positioned above the through hole (6), and electric signals are transmitted to the second copper plate (4-2) through a conductor needle of the SMA connector; the second copper plate (4-2) is horizontally arranged relative to the bottom reflecting plate (1-1) and used for realizing coupling feed, one end of the second copper plate (4-2) is connected with the top end of the first copper plate (4-1) to couple the electric energy transmitted by the first copper plate (4-1) to an electromagnetic dipole, and the other end of the second copper plate (4-2) is connected with the upper end of the third copper plate (4-3); the third copper plate (4-3) is parallel to the first copper plate (4-1), and the bottom end of the third copper plate (4-3) is suspended in the air to form an open-circuit transmission line.

9. The broadband stable high-gain antenna based on the magnetoelectric dipole is characterized in that the first copper plate (4-1), the second copper plate (4-2) and the third copper plate (4-3) are directly machined into a whole in the machining process, and the first copper plate (4-1), the second copper plate (4-2) and the third copper plate (4-3) are consistent in width; the conductor pin of the SMA connector is inserted into the first copper plate (4-1) through the through hole (6).

10. The broadband stable high-gain antenna based on the magnetoelectric dipole according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the dielectric layers of the bottom reflecting plate (1-1) and the four side wall reflecting plates (1-2), and the fixing plate (2) are made of FR4 material.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a broadband stable high-gain antenna based on a magnetoelectric dipole.

Background

With the development of modern antenna technology, antennas have been widely used in various aspects such as mobile communication, broadcast television, radar, navigation, satellite, and the like. The antenna technology has many characteristics of mature science, still remains an extremely active technical field, has a wide development prospect, and currently, the main development directions of the antenna are as follows: multi-functionalization (many generations), intellectualization (providing information processing capability), miniaturization, integration, and high performance (wide band, high gain, low side lobe, low cross polarization, etc.).

The broadband antenna has the advantages of high transmission rate, low power consumption and capability of improving the utilization rate of the existing frequency spectrum, so that the broadband antenna is paid attention by a large number of antenna researchers. From the perspective of signal propagation, the ultra-wideband radio has the advantage that the influence of multipath propagation can be effectively reduced, so that the data transmission efficiency can be improved to some extent. And by utilizing the advantage of bandwidth, the transmitting and receiving ends do not need to use complex modulation and receiving modes, and the cost and the complexity of the system can be reduced.

Among a plurality of description parameters of the antenna, the high gain of the antenna has been widely pursued by the public all the time, and under the condition of the same transmitting power, the higher the gain of the antenna is, the farther the distance of electromagnetic wave propagation is, the high gain antenna researched at present is of a microstrip structure high gain antenna, a super surface antenna, a parabolic antenna, a magnetoelectric dipole and the like, the microstrip antenna has the defect of narrow bandwidth while having high gain, and various methods are available at present to improve impedance bandwidth while ensuring gain.

The magnetoelectric dipole Antenna is proposed in 2006 by "aneww wideband unified technical Antenna Element" published by Luk in the journal of international microwave and optical technology, the novel Antenna can achieve 43.8% of relative bandwidth in the range of 1.85GHz-2.89GHz, the gain in the working frequency band is about 8dBi, and various deformed magnetoelectric dipoles exist at present. The conventional magnetoelectric dipole antenna has the common problems of narrow bandwidth, relatively low gain, large fluctuation amplitude of the gain in impedance bandwidth and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provides a broadband stable high-gain antenna based on a magnetoelectric dipole, wherein the antenna has 82.77% of relative bandwidth within 1.99GHz-4.8GHz, gains greater than 9.2dBi are all possessed within the whole impedance bandwidth, the highest gain is 10.96dBi, and the gain within the whole frequency band is stable.

The purpose of the invention is realized by at least one of the following technical solutions.

A broadband stable high-gain antenna based on a magnetoelectric dipole comprises a reflecting device, a Gamma type feed structure, a through hole, a vertical magnetic dipole, a horizontal electric dipole and a fixing plate;

the reflecting device comprises a reverse-L-shaped feeding structure, two fixing plates and a reflecting device, wherein the reverse-L-shaped feeding structure and the two fixing plates are arranged on the reflecting device; a horizontal electric dipole is arranged on each of the two fixed plates; the two vertical magnetic dipoles are respectively arranged at one side of the two fixing plates, which is close to the Gamma type feed structure; the through hole is arranged on the reflecting device and communicated with the bottom of the Gamma type feed structure;

the external SMA connector is connected to a Gamma type feed structure through a through hole, and the Gamma type feed structure transfers energy to a vertical magnetic dipole and a horizontal electric dipole through coupling feed, thereby carrying out space radiation.

Further, the reflecting device comprises a bottom reflecting plate and four side wall reflecting plates; the four side wall reflecting plates are arranged on the bottom surface reflecting plate and are respectively arranged on four edges of the bottom surface reflecting plate to form the reflecting device with a concave structure.

Furthermore, the bottom reflecting plate and the four side wall reflecting plates comprise dielectric layers and copper-clad layers, the dielectric layers are wrapped by copper-clad layers, and the bottom surfaces of the copper-clad layers are attached to the top surfaces of the dielectric layers.

Furthermore, the through hole is arranged in the center of the bottom reflecting plate and penetrates through the dielectric layer and the copper-clad layer of the bottom reflecting plate; the reverse type feed structure is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom surface reflecting plate; and a conductor pin of the SMA connector is inserted into the through hole so as to be connected to the Gamma type feed structure above the copper-clad layer, the transmission of electric energy is realized by arranging the conductor pin at the inner side of the Gamma type feed structure, and the copper-clad layer on the reflecting plate on the bottom surface is used as a ground plane.

Furthermore, two fixed plates are fixed on the bottom reflecting plate through two supporting columns respectively.

The support columns comprise long support columns and two short support columns; one end of the long supporting column penetrates through the bottom surface reflection plate to be connected with one short supporting column, so that the long supporting column is fixed on the bottom surface reflection plate, the other end of the long supporting column penetrates through the fixing plate to be connected with the other short supporting column, and the fixing of the fixing plate is realized; the supporting columns make the bottom surface of the fixing plate higher than the side wall reflecting plate.

Furthermore, two horizontal electric dipoles are respectively arranged on the two fixing plates and are parallel to each other.

The horizontal electric dipole is in a wave bending shape, the bending angle is 50 degrees relative to the horizontal direction, the bending position is a plane, the horizontal electric dipole is placed in the center of the fixing plate, one side of the horizontal electric dipole is connected with the vertical magnetic dipole, and the design of the wave bending structure of the horizontal electric dipole enables the antenna to have a new resonance frequency point at a high-frequency point, so that the whole impedance bandwidth is expanded.

The vertical magnetic dipole is a copper plate vertical to the upper surface of the bottom reflector plate, and the top end of the vertical magnetic dipole is flush with the topmost part of the horizontal electric dipole; one end of the vertical magnetic dipole is connected with the horizontal electric dipole, and the other end of the vertical magnetic dipole is fixed on the upper surface of the bottom reflecting plate through soldering tin; one end of the vertical magnetic dipole is connected with the horizontal electric dipole, and the other end of the vertical magnetic dipole is fixed on the upper surface of the bottom reflecting plate through soldering tin; the horizontal width of the vertical dipole along the length direction of the fixed plate and the distance between each bent part of the horizontal electric dipole are different by 0.5 mm-2 mm, the horizontal width of the vertical dipole along the length direction of the fixed plate can be properly adjusted in the simulation process according to the matching condition of the antenna, and the value range of the horizontal width of the vertical dipole is 6 mm-9 mm.

Further, the f-type feed structure comprises a first copper plate, a second copper plate and a third copper plate.

The first copper plate is a copper plate which is perpendicular to the bottom reflecting plate, the bottom surface of the first copper plate is connected with the upper surface of the bottom reflecting plate, the bottom surface of the first copper plate is positioned above the through hole, and the electric signals are transmitted to the second copper plate through a conductor needle of the SMA connector; the second copper plate is horizontally arranged relative to the bottom reflecting plate and used for realizing coupling feed, one end of the second copper plate is connected with the top end of the first copper plate, electric energy transmitted by the first copper plate is coupled to the electromagnetic dipole, and the other end of the second copper plate is connected with the upper end of the third copper plate; the third copper plate is parallel to the first copper plate, and the bottom end of the third copper plate is suspended in the air to form an open-circuit transmission line; the equivalent circuit of the third copper plate presents the capacity, and the third copper plate is loaded and used for compensating the inductive reactance existing in the second copper plate.

Further, the first copper plate, the second copper plate and the third copper plate are directly machined into a whole in the machining process, and the widths of the first copper plate, the second copper plate and the third copper plate are consistent; the conductor pins of the SMA connector are inserted through the through holes to the first copper plate.

Furthermore, the medium layers of the bottom reflecting plate and the four side wall reflecting plates, and the fixing plate are made of FR4 material.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the broadband stable high-gain antenna provided by the invention has 82.77% of relative bandwidth, high and relatively stable gain in the whole working frequency band and no large-amplitude jump.

(2) The broadband stable high-gain antenna provided by the invention has high radiation efficiency and high energy utilization rate.

(3) The materials in the invention are common processing materials in the market, the processing cost is low, the volume space occupied by the antenna can be reduced by bending the horizontal electric dipole, and meanwhile, the length of the vertical magnetic dipole is relatively reduced, so that the antenna radiation unit is more compact.

(4) The feed structure of the invention is simple, and the conductor pin of the SMA connector can be inserted into the Gamma type feed structure to realize excitation only by punching the reflecting plate.

(5) The antenna has high actual firmness, and the stability of the antenna is improved by loading a pair of fixed supporting plates and two pairs of supporting columns to fix the horizontal electric dipoles.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a top view of a broadband flat high-gain antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of a broadband flat high gain antenna in an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a side view of a Γ -type feed structure of a broadband stable high-gain antenna in an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 4 is a reflection coefficient graph of the broadband flat high-gain antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a gain curve diagram of the broadband flat high-gain antenna according to the embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 6 is a graph of the H-plane gain at 2.45GHz for a broadband, flat, high-gain antenna in an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 7 is a graph of the E-plane gain at 2.45GHz for a broadband, flat, high-gain antenna in an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 8 is a graph of the E-plane gain at 4GHz for a broadband, flat high-gain antenna in an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 9 is a graph of the H-plane gain at 4GHz for a broadband, flat high-gain antenna in an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 10 is a graph of the standing wave ratio (VSWR) of a broadband, flat, high gain antenna in an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 11 is a graph of the E-plane gain at 2.45GHz for a broadband, flat, high-gain antenna in an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 12 is a graph of the H-plane gain plane at 2.45GHz for a broadband, flat high-gain antenna in an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

The drawings are only for purposes of illustration or description and are not to be construed as limiting the invention; for a better understanding of the invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent product sizes.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted. The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

A broadband stable high-gain antenna based on magnetoelectric dipoles comprises a reflecting device, a gamma type feed structure 4, a through hole 6, a vertical magnetic dipole 5, a horizontal electric dipole 7 and a fixing plate 2, as shown in figures 1 and 2.

The reverse-type power supply structure comprises a reverse-type power supply structure 4, two fixing plates 2, a reverse-type power supply structure 4, a reverse-type power supply structure and a reflecting device, wherein the reverse-type power supply structure 4 and the two fixing plates 2 are arranged on the reflecting device, the reverse-type power supply structure 4 is arranged on the upper surface of the reflecting device, and the two fixing plates 2 are arranged on two sides of the reverse-type power supply structure 4; a horizontal electric dipole 7 is arranged on each of the two fixed plates 2; the two vertical magnetic dipoles 5 are respectively arranged at one side of the two fixed plates 2 close to the gamma-type feed structure 4; the through hole 6 is arranged at a position close to the center of the reflecting device and communicated with the bottom of the Gamma-type feed structure 4.

The external SMA connector is connected to a Gamma type feed structure 4 through a through hole 6, and the Gamma type feed structure 4 transfers energy to a vertical magnetic dipole 5 and a horizontal electric dipole 7 through coupling feed, thereby performing space radiation.

The reflecting device comprises a bottom reflecting plate 1-1 and four side wall reflecting plates 1-2; the four side wall reflecting plates 1-2 are all arranged on the bottom surface reflecting plate 1-1 and are respectively arranged on four edges of the bottom surface reflecting plate 1-1 to form a reflecting device with a concave structure.

The bottom surface reflecting plate 1-1 and the four side wall reflecting plates 1-2 respectively comprise a dielectric layer and a copper-clad layer, the dielectric layer is wrapped by a copper-clad layer, and the bottom surface of the copper-clad layer is attached to the top surface of the dielectric layer.

The through hole 6 is arranged at the position, close to the center, of the bottom surface reflection plate 1-1, and the through hole 6 penetrates through the dielectric layer and the copper-clad layer of the bottom surface reflection plate 1-1; the reverse type feed structure 4 is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom surface reflecting plate 1-1 close to the edge of the through hole 6; and a conductor pin of the SMA connector is inserted into the through hole 6 so as to be connected to the reverse type feed structure 4 above the copper-clad layer, the conductor pin is welded on the inner side of the reverse type feed structure 4 so as to realize the transmission of electric energy, and meanwhile, the copper-clad layer on the bottom surface reflecting plate 1-1 is used as a ground plane.

The two fixed plates 2 are respectively fixed on the bottom reflecting plate 1-1 through two supporting columns 3.

The support columns 3 comprise long support columns 3-1 and two short support columns 3-2; one end of the long supporting column 3-1 penetrates through the bottom surface reflection plate 1-1 to be connected with one short supporting column 3-2, so that the long supporting column 3-1 is fixed on the bottom surface reflection plate 1-1, and the other end of the long supporting column 3-1 penetrates through the fixing plate 2 to be connected with the other short supporting column 3-2, so that the fixing of the fixing plate 2 is realized; the supporting columns 3 make the bottom surface of the fixed plate 2 higher than the side wall reflection plates 1-2.

The two horizontal electric dipoles 7 are respectively arranged on the two fixed plates 2, and the two horizontal electric dipoles 7 are parallel to each other.

The horizontal electric dipole 7 is in a wave bending shape, the bending angle is 50 degrees relative to the horizontal direction, the bending positions are planes, the horizontal electric dipole 7 is placed in the center of the fixing plate 2, one side of the horizontal electric dipole 7 is connected with the vertical magnetic dipole 5, and the connecting positions are connected and fixed through soldering tin. The design of the wave-shaped bent structure of the horizontal electric dipole 7 enables the antenna to have a new resonance frequency point at a high-frequency point, so that the whole impedance bandwidth is expanded.

The vertical magnetic dipole 5 is a copper plate which is vertical to the upper surface of the bottom surface reflecting plate 1-1 in the z direction, and the top end of the vertical magnetic dipole 5 is flush with the topmost part of the horizontal electric dipole 7; one end of the vertical magnetic dipole 5 is welded with the junction of the horizontal electric dipole 7 through soldering tin, and the other end of the vertical magnetic dipole 5 is fixed on the upper surface of the bottom reflecting plate 1-1 through the soldering tin; the horizontal width of the vertical dipole 5 along the length direction of the fixed plate 2 in the y direction is different from the distance between each bent part of the horizontal electric dipole 7 by 0.5 mm-2 mm, the horizontal width of the vertical dipole 5 can be properly adjusted in the simulation process according to the matching condition of the antenna, and the value range of the horizontal width of the vertical dipole 5 along the length direction of the fixed plate 2 in the y direction is 6 mm-9 mm.

As shown in fig. 3, the f-type feed structure 4 comprises a first copper plate 4-1, a second copper plate 4-2 and a third copper plate 4-3.

The first copper plate 4-1 is a copper plate which is arranged perpendicular to the bottom surface reflection plate 1-1, the bottom surface of the first copper plate 4-1 is connected with the upper surface of the bottom surface reflection plate 1-1, the bottom surface of the first copper plate 4-1 is positioned above the through hole 6, and electric signals are transmitted to the second copper plate 4-2 through a conductor needle of the SMA connector; the second copper plate 4-2 is a copper plate horizontally arranged relative to the bottom reflector plate 1-1 and used for realizing coupling feed, one end of the second copper plate 4-2 is connected with the top end of the first copper plate 4-1, electric energy transmitted by the first copper plate 4-1 is coupled to an electromagnetic dipole, and the other end of the second copper plate 4-2 is connected with the upper end of the third copper plate 4-3; the third copper plate 4-3 is parallel to the first copper plate 4-1, and the bottom end of the third copper plate 4-3 is suspended to form an open-circuit transmission line; the equivalent circuit of the third copper plate 4-3 exhibits a capacitive property and the loading of the third copper plate 4-3 serves to compensate for the inductive reactance present in the second copper plate 4-2.

The first copper plate 4-1, the second copper plate 4-2 and the third copper plate 4-3 are directly processed into a whole in the processing process, and the widths of the first copper plate 4-1, the second copper plate 4-2 and the third copper plate 4-3 are consistent; the conductor pins of the SMA connector are inserted into the first copper plate 4-1 through the through holes 6 and then fixed by welding.

The medium layers of the bottom reflecting plate 1-1 and the four side wall reflecting plates 1-2 and the fixing plate 2 are made of FR4 material.

Example 1:

in this embodiment, the four side wall reflectors 1-2 are all rectangular, the bottom reflector 1-1 is square, and each side wall reflector is covered with a copper layer of 0.035mm, the bottom reflector 1-1 is 102mm 1mm, the side wall reflectors 1-2 are 100mm 20mm 1mm and 102mm 20mm 1mm, the through holes 6 are circles with a radius of 1.5mm, the bottom reflector 1-1 and the four side wall reflectors 1-2 are made of FR4, the relative dielectric constant ɛ =4.4, and the tangent angle of dielectric loss is tan δ = 0.02. The four support columns 3 are all cylindrical nylon columns, and the heights are all 21 mm. The mounting plate 2 has dimensions 21mm by 50mm by 1mm and is made of FR4 without a copper cladding layer. Placed above the fixed plate 2 is a wave-bent horizontal electric dipole 7, the size of which is composed of length xsize bent at each part, bending angle rotation _ angle, and longitudinal length l, wherein xsize =6.5mm, rotation _ angle =50 °, l =21mm, and the thickness of the bent copper plate is 1 mm. The top ends of the two horizontal electric dipoles 7 are flush and the vertical magnetic dipoles 5 are arranged close to one side of the horizontal electric dipoles, the size of each vertical magnetic dipole 5 is 7.5mm 1mm 27mm, the number of the vertical magnetic dipoles is two, the vertical magnetic dipoles are symmetrical left and right, and the width of each vertical magnetic dipole 5 has a large influence on the matching condition of the antenna. The reverse type feed structure 4 comprises a first copper plate 4-1, a second copper plate 4-2 and a third copper plate 4-3, wherein the first copper plate 4-1 is directly connected with the SMA connector, and the size is 4.9mm by 15mm by 1 mm; the second copper plate 4-2 is horizontally placed and has a size of 4.9mm by 7.7mm by 1mm, and the second copper plate 4-2 is a key for coupling excitation and has a size having a large influence on the matching condition of the antenna. The third copper plate 4-3 and the second copper plate 4-2 form the tail of the gamma/4 open circuit transmission line, and simultaneously make up for the capacitive reactance generated by the second copper plate 4-2, and the size of the third copper plate 4-3 is 4.9mm x 1mm x 14 mm. The conductor needle in the SMA connector is connected to a first copper plate 4-1 of a T-shaped feed structure 4 through a through hole 6 on a bottom surface reflection plate 1-1, the through hole 6 of the bottom surface reflection plate 1-1 is square and has the size of 2.3mm 1mm, microwave energy is transmitted through an SMA interface of coaxial feed through coupling feed, and then the energy is radiated into a free space through a vertical magnetic dipole 5.

After the broadband stable high-gain antenna provided by the invention adopts the wave-bent horizontal electric dipole 7, a new resonance frequency point appears at the high-frequency 4.5GHz, so that the antenna totally has three resonance frequency points at the frequencies of 2.2GHz, 3.2GHz and 4.5GHz respectively, thereby greatly expanding the bandwidth of the antenna. Simulation results show that the overall gain of the antenna provided by the invention is greater than 9.2dBi, wherein the maximum gain is about 11dBi, and the overall gain change in the impedance bandwidth is relatively smooth. In the antenna designed by the invention, the half-power beam width HPBW of the E surface at 2.45GHz is about 59 degrees, and the HPBW of the H surface is 67.5 degrees.

Example 2

In this example, a specific experiment was performed on the broadband stable high-gain antenna provided in example 1, and the experimental results are shown in fig. 4, fig. 5, fig. 6, fig. 7, fig. 8, fig. 9, fig. 10, fig. 11, and fig. 12.

As shown in fig. 4, the broadband stable high-gain antenna provided in example 1 has reflection coefficients of S11= -28.34dB, -24.1dB, and-24.76 dB at three resonance points, i.e., 2.2GHz, 3.2GHz, and 4.5GHz, respectively.

As shown in fig. 5, the wide-band stable high-gain antenna provided in example 1 has a gain range of 9.23dBi to 10.96dBi, a maximum gain of 10.96dBi at this time is 3.61GHz, and a gain at 2.45GHz is 9.33 dBi.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the radiation pattern of the broadband stable high-gain antenna provided in embodiment 1 at 2.45GHz has good symmetry and low backward radiation characteristics in both the E-plane and the H-plane.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the radiation pattern of the broadband stable high-gain antenna provided in example 1 at 4GHz has good symmetry on both the E-plane and the H-plane, and at this time, the backward radiation increases, but the E-plane half-power beam width is larger.

As shown in fig. 10, the standing wave ratio of the broadband stable high-gain antenna provided in example 1 varies with frequency, and the range of VSWR <2 is 1.98GHz to 4.82 GHz.

As shown in fig. 11 and 12, the broadband stable high-gain antenna provided in embodiment 1 has the relationship between the E-plane gain and the H-plane gain at 2.45GHz and theta and phi, where the half-power beam width HPBW of the E-plane at 2.45GHz is about 59 °, and the H-plane HPBW is 67.5 °.

The preferred embodiments of the present application disclosed above are intended only to aid in the understanding of the invention and the core concepts. For those skilled in the art, there may be variations in the specific application scenarios and implementation operations based on the concepts of the present invention, and the description should not be taken as a limitation of the present invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.