阅读说明：本技术 一种外墙保温用高分子聚合物材料 (High-molecular polymer material for external wall insulation ) 是由 江拥 杨汝良 尹迪 熊林 王刚 汤朝红 周茂英 于 2021-10-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种外墙保温用高分子聚合物材料,按重量百分比包括下列组分：黑水泥30-40％、胶粉1-3％、细沙5-10％、重钙5-10％、木质纤维0.3-0.8％、羟丙基甲基维素0.3-0.8％、聚乙烯醇粉末PVA：0.1-0.3％、膨胀蛭石10-20％、膨胀珍珠岩10-20％、空心多孔氧化硅微球10-15％。(The invention discloses a high molecular polymer material for external wall insulation, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-40% of black cement, 1-3% of rubber powder, 5-10% of fine sand, 5-10% of triple superphosphate, 0.3-0.8% of wood fiber, 0.3-0.8% of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol powder PVA: 0.1-0.3 percent of expanded vermiculite, 10-20 percent of expanded perlite and 10-15 percent of hollow porous silicon oxide microspheres.)

1. A high molecular polymer material for external wall insulation is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight:

30-40% of black cement, 1-3% of rubber powder, 5-10% of fine sand, 5-10% of triple superphosphate, 0.3-0.8% of wood fiber, 0.3-0.8% of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol powder PVA: 0.1-0.3 percent of expanded vermiculite, 10-20 percent of expanded perlite and 10-15 percent of hollow porous silicon oxide microspheres.

2. The high molecular polymer material for external wall insulation according to claim 1, wherein the hollow porous silica microspheres are prepared by the following preparation method:

s1, mixing a styrene monomer, a methacrylic acid monomer and an initiator according to the ratio of 2:10:0.5, centrifugally separating reactants, and washing suspended matters with deionized water to obtain a polystyrene microsphere template;

s2, carrying out alkali treatment on the polystyrene microsphere template in the step S1, then sending the polystyrene microsphere template into a manganese salt solution for soaking for 2 hours, and carrying out centrifugal separation on a product to obtain polystyrene microspheres with manganese adsorbed on the surfaces;

s3, mixing the polystyrene microsphere obtained in the step S2, a pore-forming agent and SiOCl₂·8H₂Mixing O uniformly according to the weight ratio of 10:1:3, dropwise adding a sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value to 6.5-7.5, soaking for 1h at the temperature of 40-45 ℃, performing centrifugal separation on a product, and washing with deionized water to obtain the polystyrene-silicon oxide microspheres with the core-shell structure;

s4, sintering the polystyrene-silicon oxide microspheres with the core-shell structures obtained in the step S3 at high temperature to obtain the hollow porous silicon oxide microspheres.

3. The high molecular polymer material for exterior wall insulation according to claim 2, wherein the initiator in step S1 is azobisisobutyronitrile.

4. The high molecular polymer material for exterior wall insulation according to claim 2, wherein the alkali treatment in the step S2 comprises the following specific steps: adding the polystyrene microsphere template into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 20%, wherein the mass percentage of the polystyrene microsphere template in the solution is 50-55%, keeping for 1h, then centrifugally separating the product, and washing with deionized water.

5. The high molecular polymer material for exterior wall insulation according to claim 2, wherein the manganese salt solution in the step S2 is a manganese sulfate solution.

6. The high molecular polymer material for exterior wall insulation according to claim 2, wherein the pore-forming agent in step S3 is methyl cellulose.

7. The high molecular polymer material for exterior wall insulation according to claim 2, wherein the high temperature sintering in step S4 is sintering at 800 ℃ for 20-30 min.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of external wall insulation, in particular to a high polymer material for external wall insulation.

Background

The existing market outer wall is insulated by adopting an insulation board, and then the outer wall coating is made on the insulation board, specifically, the insulation board, the interface agent and the putty are three layers. However, such an approach presents the following risks:

1. the heat-insulating board is hollow and made of fireproof cotton, but still has high water absorption, when the heat-insulating board is damaged and sealed and degummed, rainwater can easily enter the heat-insulating board, and when the fireproof cotton absorbs water, the fireproof cotton can be shrunk, settled and stacked together, so that the heat-insulating effect is lost.

2. The two sides of the heat-insulating board are of metal structures, and the bonding strength between the exterior wall coating and the heat-insulating board is deteriorated along with the erosion of rainwater and sunshine, so that the exterior wall coating and the heat-insulating board fall off finally.

3. The minimum thickness of the heat-insulating board reaches 2CM, and the thickness of the coating is nearly 3CM, so that the space is greatly wasted, and the loading capacity of the wall is increased. Especially in the active earthquake areas, the surface of the wall body is adhered with an excessively thick adhered object which is easy to fall off by fluctuation, thereby increasing the falling accidents and causing greater casualties.

4. The heat-insulating board and the external wall coating need 8 processes, so that the external wall construction efficiency is greatly influenced, and meanwhile, the risk of workers working aloft outdoors is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a high-molecular polymer material for external wall insulation, which has the advantages of solving the technical problems.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a high molecular polymer material for external wall insulation comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

30-40% of black cement, 1-3% of rubber powder, 5-10% of fine sand, 5-10% of triple superphosphate, 0.3-0.8% of wood fiber, 0.3-0.8% of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol powder PVA: 0.1-0.3 percent of expanded vermiculite, 10-20 percent of expanded perlite and 10-15 percent of hollow porous silicon oxide microspheres.

Preferably, the hollow porous silica microspheres are prepared by the following preparation method:

s1, mixing a styrene monomer, a methacrylic acid monomer and an initiator according to the ratio of 2:10:0.5, centrifugally separating reactants, and washing suspended matters with deionized water to obtain a polystyrene microsphere template;

s2, carrying out alkali treatment on the polystyrene microsphere template in the step S1, then sending the polystyrene microsphere template into a manganese salt solution for soaking for 2 hours, and carrying out centrifugal separation on a product to obtain polystyrene microspheres with manganese adsorbed on the surfaces;

s3, mixing the polystyrene microsphere obtained in the step S2, a pore-forming agent and SiOCl₂·8H₂Mixing O uniformly according to the weight ratio of 10:1:3, dropwise adding a sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value to 6.5-7.5, soaking for 1h at the temperature of 40-45 ℃, performing centrifugal separation on a product, and washing with deionized water to obtain the polystyrene-silicon oxide microspheres with the core-shell structure;

s4, sintering the polystyrene-silicon oxide microspheres with the core-shell structures obtained in the step S3 at high temperature to obtain the hollow porous silicon oxide microspheres.

Preferably, the initiator in step S1 is azobisisobutyronitrile.

Preferably, the alkali treatment in step S2 includes the following specific steps: adding the polystyrene microsphere template into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 20%, wherein the mass percentage of the polystyrene microsphere template in the solution is 50-55%, keeping for 1h, then centrifugally separating the product, and washing with deionized water.

Preferably, the manganese salt solution in step S2 is specifically a manganese sulfate solution.

Preferably, the pore-foaming agent in step S3 is methylcellulose.

Preferably, the high-temperature sintering in the step S4 is sintering at 800 ℃ for 20-30 min.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

vermiculite and expanded perlite material replace the traditional sandstone, the volume of the vermiculite sheet can be rapidly expanded by 6-20 times after high-temperature roasting, the specific gravity after expansion is 60-180kg/m3, and the vermiculite sheet has very strong heat-insulating property; the expanded perlite has good heat-insulating efficiency and super-strong stability, plays an excellent role in fire resistance, heat insulation and energy conservation, has the same service life as a building, and thoroughly breaks through the boundary line of the average service life of the organic external wall heat-insulating material of 25 years. The high molecular polymer material for external wall heat insulation is constructed without a seam boundary during construction, so that a full-plastic wrapping protection effect is formed on a building.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an electron micrograph of the hollow porous silica microspheres prepared in examples 3, 4 and 5.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further explained below.

Example 1:

the high molecular polymer material is prepared by adopting the raw materials according to the following method:

1. mixing portland black cement, rubber powder, fine sand, coarse whiting, wood fiber, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol powder PVA together, and stirring uniformly;

2. adding expanded vermiculite and expanded perlite, and stirring uniformly.

Example 2:

the high molecular polymer material is prepared by adopting the raw materials according to the following method:

1. mixing portland black cement, rubber powder, fine sand, coarse whiting, wood fiber, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol powder PVA together, and stirring uniformly;

2. adding expanded vermiculite and expanded perlite, and stirring uniformly.

Example 3:

formulation of	Parts by weight	Model number
			Portland black cement	35	425# Law process base
Rubber powder	2.6	7010 Wake Germany
			Fine sand	5	70-140 mesh Sichuan jade
Heavy calcium carbonate	16	200-mesh Sichuan jade
			Wood fiber	0.3	ZZC540CA Germany Ruidenmeyer
Hydroxypropyl methyl benzene cellulose	0.8	SHK100M Istmann
			Polyvinyl alcohol powder PVA	0.3	2788 Kouli tea
Expanded vermiculite	15	120-mesh and 200-mesh optical mining industry
			Expanded perlite	15	70-90 mesh Hebei Sheng Ye
Hollow porous silica microspheres	10	Self-made
			Total up to	100

The high molecular polymer material is prepared by adopting the raw materials according to the following method:

1. mixing portland black cement, rubber powder, fine sand, coarse whiting, wood fiber, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol powder PVA together, and stirring uniformly;

2. adding expanded vermiculite and expanded perlite, and uniformly stirring;

3. adding the hollow porous silicon oxide microspheres and stirring uniformly.

The hollow porous silica microspheres are prepared as follows:

s1, preparation of a polymer template: mixing styrene monomer, methacrylic acid monomer and initiator azobisisobutyronitrile according to the weight ratio of 2:10:0.5, centrifugally separating reactants, and washing suspended matters with deionized water to obtain the polystyrene microsphere template.

S2, surface modification of the polymer template: adding a polystyrene microsphere template into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 20%, wherein the mass percentage of the polystyrene microsphere template in the solution is 50-55%, keeping for 1h, then centrifugally separating the product, and washing with deionized water; and adding the washed product into a manganese sulfate solution, keeping for 2 hours, and then carrying out centrifugal separation on the product to obtain the polystyrene microsphere with manganese adsorption on the surface.

S3, preparing hollow porous silica microspheres: uniformly mixing the polystyrene microsphere with the manganese adsorption on the surface, the pore-forming agent methylcellulose and SiOCl 2.8H 2O in a weight ratio of 10:1:3, dropwise adding a sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value to 6.5-7.5, soaking for 1H, centrifugally separating the product, and washing with deionized water to obtain the polystyrene-silicon oxide microsphere with the core-shell structure.

S4, sintering the polystyrene-silicon oxide microspheres with the core-shell structure at 800 ℃ for 20-30min to obtain the hollow porous silicon oxide microspheres, wherein the scanning electron microscope photo of the hollow porous silicon oxide microspheres is shown in figure 1.

Example 4:

the high molecular polymer material is prepared by adopting the raw materials according to the following method:

1. mixing portland black cement, rubber powder, fine sand, coarse whiting, wood fiber, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol powder PVA together, and stirring uniformly;

2. adding expanded vermiculite and expanded perlite, and uniformly stirring;

3. adding the hollow porous silicon oxide microspheres and stirring uniformly.

The hollow porous silica microspheres are prepared as follows:

s1, preparation of a polymer template: mixing styrene monomer, methacrylic acid monomer and initiator azobisisobutyronitrile according to the weight ratio of 2:10:0.5, centrifugally separating reactants, and washing suspended matters with deionized water to obtain the polystyrene microsphere template.

S2, surface modification of the polymer template: adding a polystyrene microsphere template into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 20%, wherein the mass percentage of the polystyrene microsphere template in the solution is 50-55%, keeping for 1h, then centrifugally separating the product, and washing with deionized water; and adding the washed product into a manganese sulfate solution, keeping for 2 hours, and then carrying out centrifugal separation on the product to obtain the polystyrene microsphere with manganese adsorption on the surface.

S3, preparing hollow porous silica microspheres: uniformly mixing the polystyrene microsphere with the manganese adsorption on the surface, the pore-forming agent methylcellulose and SiOCl 2.8H 2O in a weight ratio of 10:1:3, dropwise adding a sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value to 6.5-7.5, soaking for 1H, centrifugally separating the product, and washing with deionized water to obtain the polystyrene-silicon oxide microsphere with the core-shell structure.

S4, sintering the polystyrene-silicon oxide microspheres with the core-shell structure at 800 ℃ for 20-30min to obtain the hollow porous silicon oxide microspheres, wherein the scanning electron microscope photo of the hollow porous silicon oxide microspheres is shown in figure 1.

Example 5:

formulation of	Parts by weight	Model number
			Portland black cement	35	425# Law process base
Rubber powder	2.6	7010 Wake Germany
			Fine sand	5	70-140 mesh Sichuan jade
Heavy calcium carbonate	11	200-mesh Sichuan jade
			Wood fiber	0.3	ZZC540CA Germany Ruidenmeyer
Hydroxypropyl methyl benzene cellulose	0.8	SHK100M Istmann
			Polyvinyl alcohol powder PVA	0.3	2788 Kouli tea
Expanded vermiculite	15	120-mesh and 200-mesh optical mining industry
			Expanded perlite	15	70-90 mesh Hebei Sheng Ye
Hollow porous silica microspheres	15	Self-made
			Total up to	100

The high molecular polymer material is prepared by adopting the raw materials according to the following method:

1. mixing portland black cement, rubber powder, fine sand, coarse whiting, wood fiber, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol powder PVA together, and stirring uniformly;

2. adding expanded vermiculite and expanded perlite, and uniformly stirring;

3. adding the hollow porous silicon oxide microspheres and stirring uniformly.

The hollow porous silica microspheres are prepared as follows:

s1, preparation of a polymer template: mixing styrene monomer, methacrylic acid monomer and initiator azobisisobutyronitrile according to the weight ratio of 2:10:0.5, centrifugally separating reactants, and washing suspended matters with deionized water to obtain the polystyrene microsphere template.

S2, surface modification of the polymer template: adding a polystyrene microsphere template into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 20%, wherein the mass percentage of the polystyrene microsphere template in the solution is 50-55%, keeping for 1h, then centrifugally separating the product, and washing with deionized water; and adding the washed product into a manganese sulfate solution, keeping for 2 hours, and then carrying out centrifugal separation on the product to obtain the polystyrene microsphere with manganese adsorption on the surface.

S3, preparing hollow porous silica microspheres: uniformly mixing the polystyrene microsphere with the manganese adsorption on the surface, the pore-forming agent methylcellulose and SiOCl 2.8H 2O in a weight ratio of 10:1:3, dropwise adding a sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value to 6.5-7.5, soaking for 1H, centrifugally separating the product, and washing with deionized water to obtain the polystyrene-silicon oxide microsphere with the core-shell structure.

S4, sintering the polystyrene-silicon oxide microspheres with the core-shell structure at 800 ℃ for 20-30min to obtain the hollow porous silicon oxide microspheres, wherein the scanning electron microscope photo of the hollow porous silicon oxide microspheres is shown in figure 1.

Performance detection test:

plate manufacturing: the high molecular polymer and water are uniformly stirred according to the weight ratio of 100:15-25, a scraper knife is adopted for blade coating, the thickness is controlled to be 1-2CM, and the heat insulation performance is tested after the high molecular polymer and the water are dried for 7 days.

Adhesion is performed according to GB/T; hardness is performed in accordance with GB/T; the water absorption was carried out according to the specification of appendix A of the JG/T157-2004 standard; bond strength was performed according to the 6.13 standard in JG/T157-2004; the thermal conductivity is performed according to GB/T10294; the heat preservation effect (temperature difference) is according to the little box of self-control 1 cubic meter, and the material adopts the cement wall body preparation, and the indoor outer difference in temperature of application example 1-5 and heated board contrast test room respectively.

Examples 1-5 comparison of thermal insulation and insulation effects with insulation boards

As can be seen from comparison tests, the hollow porous silica microspheres are not added in the embodiments 1-2, so that the thermal conductivity is high, the heat preservation effect is poor, and the effect of the heat preservation plate cannot be achieved. In example 3, the heat preservation effect is better than that before the addition of 10% of the hollow porous silica microspheres. It is apparent from embodiments 4 to 5 that the thermal conductivity is consistent with the thermal insulation board, and the internal and external temperature difference is consistent with the thermal insulation board. And after the heat-insulating board and the high polymer material are respectively made with the exterior wall stone-like paint, the bonding strength is obviously superior to that of the heat-insulating board.

The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.