阅读说明：本技术 一种复合型水性阻燃隔热涂料及其制备方法 (Composite water-based flame-retardant heat-insulating coating and preparation method thereof ) 是由 姚路路 崔鹏 窦焰 于 2021-09-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种复合型水性阻燃隔热涂料,由以下重量份的原材料制作而成：乳液50-400份、硅溶胶5-100份、无机阻燃填料10-100份、有机阻燃填料100-500份、分散剂0.5-5份、润湿剂0.5-5份、消泡剂0.5-5份、流平剂0.5-5份、杀菌防霉剂0.5-5份、水0-200份。本发明以有机膨胀型阻燃剂体系和无机非膨胀型阻燃剂复配,其中有机阻燃剂体系遇火或高温膨胀,形成蜂窝状致密的炭层；而无机非膨胀型阻燃剂中的氢氧化物成分则分解释放水蒸气,既可以冷却、稀释周围的热空气,又可以提高炭层的发泡高度,以提升隔热性能,还可以在硅溶胶网络结构的作用下避免剥落,提高阻燃层的高温稳定性,具有较高的社会使用价值和应用前景。(The invention discloses a composite water-based flame-retardant heat-insulating coating which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-400 parts of emulsion, 5-100 parts of silica sol, 10-100 parts of inorganic flame-retardant filler, 500 parts of organic flame-retardant filler, 0.5-5 parts of dispersing agent, 0.5-5 parts of wetting agent, 0.5-5 parts of defoaming agent, 0.5-5 parts of flatting agent, 0.5-5 parts of sterilization mildew preventive and 0-200 parts of water. The invention is compounded by an organic intumescent flame retardant system and an inorganic non-intumescent flame retardant, wherein the organic flame retardant system expands in fire or at high temperature to form a honeycomb-shaped compact carbon layer; the hydroxide component in the inorganic non-intumescent flame retardant is decomposed to release water vapor, so that the surrounding hot air can be cooled and diluted, the foaming height of the carbon layer can be increased to improve the heat insulation performance, the carbon layer can be prevented from being peeled off under the action of a silica sol network structure, the high-temperature stability of the flame retardant layer is improved, and the inorganic non-intumescent flame retardant has higher social use value and application prospect.)

1. The composite water-based flame-retardant heat-insulating coating is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

50-400 parts of emulsion, 5-100 parts of silica sol, 10-100 parts of inorganic flame-retardant filler, 500 parts of organic flame-retardant filler, 0.5-5 parts of dispersing agent, 0.5-5 parts of wetting agent, 0.5-5 parts of defoaming agent, 0.5-5 parts of flatting agent, 0.5-5 parts of sterilization mildew preventive and 0-200 parts of water.

2. The composite water-based flame-retardant heat-insulating coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: the emulsion is prepared by compounding 0-100% of silicone-acrylic emulsion, 0-100% of styrene-acrylic emulsion and pure acrylic emulsion respectively.

3. The composite water-based flame-retardant heat-insulating coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inorganic flame-retardant filler is hydroxide and is prepared by compounding aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and hydrotalcite-like compound according to the weight ratio of 0-100 percent respectively.

4. The composite water-based flame-retardant heat-insulating coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: the organic flame-retardant filler is prepared by compounding 40-70 wt% of dehydrating agent, 15-30 wt% of char forming agent and 15-30 wt% of foaming agent.

5. The composite water-based flame-retardant heat-insulating coating according to claim 4, characterized in that: the dehydrating agent is polyphosphate, and is formed by compounding ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium potassium polyphosphate and ammonium magnesium polyphosphate respectively in a weight ratio of 0-100%.

6. The composite water-based flame-retardant heat-insulating coating according to claim 4, characterized in that: the charring agent is made from pentaerythritol and polymer thereof, and is compounded by pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol and tripentaerythritol respectively according to the weight ratio of 0-100%.

7. The composite water-based flame-retardant heat-insulating coating according to claim 4, characterized in that: the foaming agent is prepared by compounding glycine, melamine and dicyandiamide respectively in a weight ratio of 0-100%.

8. The composite water-based flame-retardant heat-insulating coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dispersing agent, the wetting agent, the defoaming agent, the flatting agent and the sterilization and mildew-proof agent are all water-based additives.

9. A preparation method of the composite water-based flame-retardant heat-insulating coating, which is characterized by preparing the composite water-based flame-retardant heat-insulating coating as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, and further comprising the following steps:

step S1: adding the emulsion and water into a dispersion tank, starting stirring, keeping the stirring speed at 3000rpm of 500-;

step S2: keeping the stirring speed at 3000rpm of 500-.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fireproof coatings, in particular to a composite water-based flame-retardant heat-insulating coating and a preparation method thereof.

Background

In recent years, people have increasingly raised safety awareness and environmental awareness, and the demand for water-based fireproof coatings is also increasing. The fireproof coating can play a good role in flame retardance and heat insulation for buildings or equipment when a fire disaster occurs, and the loss caused by the fire disaster is reduced; the water-based paint takes water as a main solvent, has better environmental friendliness and construction convenience than the traditional solvent-based paint, but has the defects of water resistance, adhesion, coating film drying time and the like of a coating layer compared with the solvent-based paint.

Fire-retardant coatings are generally divided into two main categories, intumescent and non-intumescent:

the coating of the non-intumescent fire-retardant coating has fire resistance or incombustibility, is decomposed under flame or high temperature and releases incombustible gas (such as water vapor, carbon dioxide and the like), and plays a role in reducing temperature, diluting combustible/combustion-supporting gas such as oxygen and the like and blocking the combustion process. However, such coatings usually require a relatively thick coating, are cumbersome to apply, have a relatively short fire-retardant action time, and are not ideal for thermal insulation.

Another class is intumescent fire-retardant coatings. Organic intumescent fire-retardant coatings and inorganic intumescent fire-retardant coatings are common.

The organic intumescent fire-retardant coating can be prepared from an organic intumescent flame retardant and a base resin, wherein the organic intumescent flame retardant is compounded by a dehydrating agent, a char-forming agent and a foaming agent. When the coating meets high temperature or open fire, the dehydrating agent decomposes acid to promote carbonization of the carbon forming agent, and a honeycomb-shaped compact carbon layer is formed under the action of the foaming agent, so that flame and high temperature are prevented from being transmitted to the base material, and the base material is protected. However, after the coating of the paint expands, the carbon layer is easy to peel off, so that the fireproof and heat-insulating properties are reduced;

the inorganic intumescent fire-retardant coating can also be prepared from an inorganic intumescent flame retardant represented by expandable graphite and a base resin, but the cost is higher, and the carbon foam layer is easier to peel off due to poor compatibility of the flame retardant and the base resin.

Therefore, the inventor aims to provide a composite type water-based flame-retardant heat-insulating coating and a preparation method thereof, which take the experience of abundant research development and actual manufacturing of related industries for years, research and improvement are carried out aiming at the existing technology and deficiency, and the composite type water-based flame-retardant heat-insulating coating is prepared by compounding an organic intumescent fire-retardant coating component and an inorganic non-intumescent fire-retardant coating component so as to achieve the aim of higher practical value.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, the invention provides a composite water-based flame-retardant heat-insulating coating and a preparation method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the composite water-based flame-retardant heat-insulating coating is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

50-400 parts of emulsion, 5-100 parts of silica sol, 10-100 parts of inorganic flame-retardant filler, 500 parts of organic flame-retardant filler, 0.5-5 parts of dispersing agent, 0.5-5 parts of wetting agent, 0.5-5 parts of defoaming agent, 0.5-5 parts of flatting agent, 0.5-5 parts of sterilization mildew preventive and 0-200 parts of water.

Preferably, the emulsion is prepared from 0-100% of silicone-acrylic emulsion, styrene-acrylic emulsion and pure acrylic emulsion according to the mass ratio.

Preferably, the inorganic flame-retardant filler is hydroxide and is prepared by compounding 0-100% of aluminum hydroxide, 0-100% of magnesium hydroxide and hydrotalcite-like compound by weight.

Preferably, the organic flame-retardant filler is prepared by compounding 40-70 percent (weight) of dehydrating agent, 15-30 percent (weight) of char forming agent and 15-30 percent (weight) of foaming agent.

Preferably, the dehydrating agent is polyphosphate, and is formed by compounding ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium potassium polyphosphate and ammonium magnesium polyphosphate respectively in a weight ratio of 0-100%.

Preferably, the char-forming agent is derived from pentaerythritol and polymers thereof, and is compounded by pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol and tripentaerythritol respectively in a weight ratio of 0-100%.

Preferably, the foaming agent is compounded by 0-100% of glycine, melamine and dicyandiamide by weight.

Preferably, the dispersing agent, the wetting agent, the defoaming agent, the leveling agent and the sterilization and mildew-proof agent are all water-based additives.

The preparation method of the composite water-based flame-retardant heat-insulating coating further comprises the following steps:

step S1: adding the emulsion and water into a dispersion tank, starting stirring, keeping the stirring speed at 3000rpm of 500-;

step S2: keeping the stirring speed at 3000rpm of 500-.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. inorganic silica sol, organic silicone acrylic emulsion, styrene-acrylic emulsion and pure acrylic emulsion are used as base resin. Organic base resins such as silicone-acrylic emulsion, styrene-acrylic emulsion, pure acrylic emulsion and the like provide flexibility and film-forming property of the coating, the inorganic silica sol improves the binding force between the coating and the base material, and a stable chemical structure is constructed through the silica sol, so that the coating is not easy to fall off when expanding in fire, and the fire-resistant time is longer;

2. compounding an organic intumescent flame retardant system and an inorganic non-intumescent flame retardant, wherein the organic intumescent flame retardant system expands in case of fire or high temperature to form a honeycomb-shaped compact carbon layer; the hydroxide component in the inorganic non-intumescent flame retardant is decomposed to release water vapor when meeting fire or at high temperature, so that the surrounding hot air can be cooled and diluted, the foaming height of the carbon layer can be increased, the heat insulation performance is improved, the peeling can be avoided under the action of a silica sol network structure, and the high-temperature stability of the flame retardant layer is improved;

3. in the selection of the base resin, the idea of the composite action of the organic polymer resin and the inorganic polymer resin is adopted. The organic polymer resin is compounded by silicone-acrylic emulsion, styrene-acrylic emulsion, pure acrylic emulsion and the like, is used as a main film forming material, and has good flexibility and film forming property; the inorganic high molecular substance is selected from silica sol, so that the binding force between the coating and the base material can be improved, a cross-linking chemical structure of Si-O-Si is constructed, the stability of a foaming layer is improved, and the fire-resistant time is prolonged;

4. the expansion and heat insulation effects of the organic expansion type flame retardant system and the effects of thermal decomposition, heat absorption and inert steam release of the inorganic non-expansion type flame retardant are reasonably combined, so that the flame retardant and heat insulation capability of the coating is improved;

5. the water-based leveling agent, the wetting agent, the dispersing agent, the defoaming agent and the sterilization and mildew-proof agent composite auxiliary agent system are adopted, so that the coating system is uniformly dispersed, and the coating has better stability;

6. the reasonable use of the auxiliary agent enables the coating to be easy to prepare, stable to store and convenient to construct.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 shows the results of the flame retardant insulation test of example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows the results of the flame retardant insulation test of example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 shows the results of the flame retardant insulation test of example 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 shows the results of the flame retardant insulation test of example 4 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 shows the results of the flame retardant insulation test of comparative example 2 according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 shows the results of the flame retardant insulation test of comparative example 3 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Adding 100g of silicone-acrylic emulsion, 200g of styrene-acrylic emulsion, 50g of pure acrylic emulsion and 50g of water into a dispersion tank, starting stirring, controlling the stirring speed at 2000rpm, and adding 5g of dispersing agent, 5g of defoaming agent, 5g of wetting agent, 5g of flatting agent and 5g of sterilizing and mildew-proof agent.

Keeping the stirring speed at 2000rpm, slowly adding 50g of silica sol, 240g of ammonium polyphosphate, 80g of pentaerythritol, 80g of melamine and 80g of magnesium hydroxide, stirring for 30min at 2000rpm to obtain uniform slurry, and standing for 72h without obvious layering and precipitation phenomena.

The coating was applied to the surface of the aluminum alloy sheet to be tested, and the thickness of the coating after drying was about 1mm, and the flame retardant and heat insulating properties were measured, and the results are shown in FIG. 1.

As can be seen, the coating is burned under the flame of 900 ℃, the temperature of the back surface of the inner plate rises to 160-170 ℃ within 5min, and the stability is maintained for not less than 1 h.

Example 2

50g of silicone-acrylic emulsion and 200g of water are added into a dispersion tank, stirring is started, the stirring speed is controlled at 500rpm, 0.5g of dispersing agent, 0.5g of defoaming agent, 0.5g of wetting agent, 0.5g of flatting agent and 0.5g of sterilization and mildew preventive are added.

Accelerating the stirring speed to 3000rpm, slowly adding 100g of silica sol, 240g of ammonium potassium polyphosphate, 90g of dipentaerythritol, 70g of dicyandiamide, 30g of magnesium hydroxide, 30g of aluminum hydroxide and 20g of hydrotalcite-like compound, stirring for 30min at the speed of 3000rpm to obtain uniform slurry, and standing for 24h without obvious layering and precipitation phenomena.

The surface of the aluminum alloy sheet to be tested was coated with a paint to a thickness of about 1mm after drying. The flame retardant and heat insulating properties were measured, and the results are shown in FIG. 2.

As can be seen, the coating is burned under the flame of 900 ℃, the temperature of the back surface of the inner plate rises to 180 ℃ and 200 ℃ within 5min, and the stability is maintained for not less than 1 h.

Example 3

Adding 400g of styrene-acrylic emulsion into a dispersion tank, starting stirring, controlling the stirring speed at 2000rpm, and adding 5g of dispersing agent, 5g of defoaming agent, 5g of wetting agent, 5g of flatting agent and 5g of sterilization and mildew-proof agent.

Keeping the stirring speed at 2000rpm, slowly adding 100g of silica sol, 20g of ammonium polyphosphate, 30g of ammonium potassium polyphosphate, 20g of ammonium magnesium polyphosphate, 5g of pentaerythritol, 5g of dipentaerythritol, 15g of tripentaerythritol, 15g of glycine and 100g of aluminum hydroxide, stirring for 30min at 2000rpm to obtain uniform slurry, and standing for 72h without obvious layering and precipitation phenomena.

The surface of the aluminum alloy sheet to be tested was coated with a paint to a thickness of about 1mm after drying. The flame retardant and heat insulating properties were measured, and the results are shown in FIG. 3.

As can be seen, the coating is burned under the flame of 900 ℃, the temperature of the back surface of the inner plate rises to 270 ℃ and 300 ℃ within 5min, and the stability is maintained for not less than 1 h.

Example 4

350g of pure acrylic emulsion and 50g of water are added into a dispersion tank, stirring is started, the stirring speed is controlled to be 2500rpm, and 5g of dispersing agent, 5g of defoaming agent, 5g of wetting agent, 5g of flatting agent and 5g of sterilization and mildew preventive are added.

Keeping the stirring speed at 2500rpm, slowly adding 50g of silica sol, 200g of ammonium magnesium polyphosphate, 150g of tripentaerythritol, 50g of glycine, 50g of melamine, 50g of dicyandiamide and 10g of hydrotalcite-like compound, stirring for 30min at the speed of 2500rpm to obtain uniform slurry, and standing for 72h without obvious layering and precipitation.

The surface of the aluminum alloy sheet to be tested was coated with a paint to a thickness of about 1mm after drying. The flame retardant and heat insulating properties were measured, and the results are shown in fig. 4.

It can be seen that the coating is burned under 900 ℃ flame, the temperature of the back surface of the inner plate is reduced after reaching 205 ℃ after 5min, and is stabilized at about 160-.

Comparative example 1 (without addition of auxiliary)

100g of silicone-acrylic emulsion, 200g of styrene-acrylic emulsion, 50g of pure acrylic emulsion and 50g of water are added into a dispersion tank, stirring is started, and the stirring speed is controlled at 2000 rpm.

Keeping the stirring speed at 2000rpm, slowly adding 50g of silica sol, 240g of ammonium polyphosphate, 80g of pentaerythritol, 80g of melamine and 80g of magnesium hydroxide, and stirring at 2000rpm for 30min to obtain uniform slurry.

The slurry quickly delaminated and apparently precipitated, and was difficult to coat on the surface of the aluminum alloy sheet, so the flame retardant and heat insulating property test was not performed.

Comparative example 2 (without addition of inorganic non-intumescent flame retardant Filler)

100g of silicone-acrylic emulsion, 200g of styrene-acrylic emulsion, 50g of pure acrylic emulsion and 50g of water are added into a dispersion tank, the stirring speed is controlled at 2000rpm, and 5g of dispersing agent, 5g of defoaming agent, 5g of wetting agent, 5g of flatting agent and 5g of sterilization and mildew proofing agent are added.

Keeping the stirring speed at 2000rpm, slowly adding 50g of silica sol, 240g of ammonium polyphosphate, 80g of pentaerythritol and 80g of melamine, stirring for 30min at 2000rpm to obtain uniform slurry, and standing for 72h without obvious layering and precipitation.

The surface of the aluminum alloy sheet to be tested was coated with a paint to a thickness of about 1mm after drying. The flame retardant and heat insulating properties were measured, and the results are shown in fig. 5.

It can be seen that under the condition that the inorganic non-intumescent flame retardant filler is not added, the coating is burned under the flame of 900 ℃, the temperature of the back surface of the inner plate is reduced after reaching 210 ℃ in 5min, and the temperature is stabilized at about 170-180 ℃ for not less than 1 h.

Comparative example 3 (without addition of silica sol)

Adding 100g of silicone-acrylic emulsion, 200g of styrene-acrylic emulsion, 50g of pure acrylic emulsion and 50g of water into a dispersion tank, starting stirring, controlling the stirring speed at 2000rpm, and adding 5g of dispersing agent, 5g of defoaming agent, 5g of wetting agent, 5g of flatting agent and 5g of sterilizing and mildew-proof agent.

Keeping the stirring speed at 2000rpm, slowly adding 240g of ammonium polyphosphate, 80g of pentaerythritol, 80g of melamine and 80g of magnesium hydroxide, stirring for 30min at 2000rpm to obtain uniform slurry, and standing for 72h without obvious layering and precipitation phenomena.

The surface of the aluminum alloy sheet to be tested was coated with a paint to a thickness of about 1mm after drying. The flame retardant and heat insulating properties were measured, and the results are shown in fig. 6.

Under the combined action of the organic intumescent flame retardant filler and the inorganic non-intumescent flame retardant filler, the coating is burnt for 20min under the flame of 900 ℃, and the temperature of the back surface is not higher than 190 ℃ all the time; then, due to the peeling of the heat insulation coating, the flame retardant property is reduced, the temperature of the back surface of the plate is increased to 210-260 ℃, and the temperature fluctuation of the back surface of the plate is larger.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.