阅读说明：本技术 一种冷坩埚的维护方法 (Maintenance method of cold crucible ) 是由 冉成义 蔡新志 童培云 朱刘 于 2021-09-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及坩埚技术领域,公开了一种冷坩埚的维护方法,包括以下步骤：取出坩埚底；清理坩埚内壁的残留物料；拆除坩埚壁上包覆的绝缘包层；取出切缝中旧的第一绝缘材料,并清理切缝；打磨处理坩埚底；矫正变形的分瓣铜块；测量及裁切新的第一绝缘料,并将新的第一绝缘料填充到坩埚壁的切缝里面；重新安装坩埚底；采用固定装置重新固定坩埚壁；在坩埚壁与坩埚底之间的缝隙里面填充新的第二绝缘材料；调整坩埚的圆度,并对切缝进行微调；在坩埚壁重新包覆绝缘包层；静置风干,最后拆除固定装置。采用本发明维护后的冷坩埚切缝大小均匀,能降低坩埚卡料及漏料的风险,保证熔炼合金的均匀性,避免熔炼合金污染,防止坩埚及设备损坏。(The invention relates to the technical field of crucibles, and discloses a method for maintaining a cold crucible, which comprises the following steps: taking out the crucible bottom; cleaning residual materials on the inner wall of the crucible; removing the insulating coating coated on the crucible wall; taking out the old first insulating material in the cutting seam, and cleaning the cutting seam; polishing the crucible bottom; correcting the deformed split copper block; measuring and cutting a new first insulating material, and filling the new first insulating material into a cutting seam of the crucible wall; reinstalling the crucible bottom; re-fixing the crucible wall by using a fixing device; filling a new second insulating material in a gap between the crucible wall and the crucible bottom; adjusting the roundness of the crucible and finely adjusting the seam; coating the insulating coating on the crucible wall again; standing, air-drying, and finally removing the fixing device. The cold crucible cutting seam maintained by the invention has uniform size, can reduce the risks of material blocking and leakage of the crucible, ensure the uniformity of the melted alloy, avoid the pollution of the melted alloy and prevent the crucible and equipment from being damaged.)

1. The maintenance method of the cold crucible comprises a crucible wall and a crucible bottom, wherein a joint cut is arranged on the crucible wall and is coated with an insulating coating, a first insulating material is filled in the joint cut, a split copper block is arranged at the crucible bottom, and a second insulating material is filled between the crucible bottom and the crucible wall, and is characterized in that: the maintenance method comprises the following steps:

taking out the crucible bottom;

cleaning residual materials on the inner wall of the crucible;

removing the insulating coating coated on the crucible wall;

taking out the old first insulating material in the cutting seam, and cleaning the cutting seam;

polishing the crucible bottom;

correcting the deformed split copper block;

measuring and cutting a new first insulating material, and filling the new first insulating material into a cutting seam of the crucible wall;

reinstalling the crucible bottom;

re-fixing the crucible wall by using a fixing device;

filling a new second insulating material in a gap between the crucible wall and the crucible bottom;

adjusting the roundness of the crucible and finely adjusting the seam;

coating the insulating coating on the crucible wall again;

standing, air-drying, and finally removing the fixing device.

2. The method for maintaining a cold crucible as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the insulating coating comprises glass fiber insulating cloth wound on the crucible wall and a binder coated on the glass fiber insulating cloth, wherein the binder is a 1:1 mixture of epoxy resin and a curing agent.

3. The method for maintaining a cold crucible as set forth in claim 1, wherein: when the old first insulating material in the kerf is taken out, a shovel blade is firstly adopted to slightly pry the top of the kerf, and then the old first insulating material is integrally taken out.

4. The method for maintaining a cold crucible as set forth in claim 1, wherein: when the cutting seams are cleaned, a scraper knife is used for cleaning each cutting seam from top to bottom, and then a wool wheel grinding machine is used for grinding the inner wall of the crucible.

5. The method for maintaining a cold crucible as set forth in claim 1, wherein: when the deformed split copper block is corrected, a flat steel plate is firstly attached to the bottom of the crucible, and then the deformed split copper block is lightly knocked by a hand hammer until the split copper block with larger deformation is corrected.

6. The method for maintaining a cold crucible as set forth in claim 1, wherein: when a new first insulating material is cut, the profile of the old first insulating material in each cutting seam is drawn firstly, then a cutting machine is used for cutting the new panel, and burrs on the inner side of the new panel are ground one by one, so that the smoothness of the inner wall of the crucible after filling is ensured.

7. The method for maintaining a cold crucible as set forth in claim 1, wherein: when the cutting seam is filled, the first insulating material for filling the cutting seam at the bottom of the crucible is processed to the thickness of 0.6-0.8mm by an art designing knife, then the cutting seam is slightly pried by a shovel knife, and then new first insulating material is filled in the cutting seam.

8. The method for maintaining a cold crucible as set forth in claim 1, wherein: after all the cutting seams are filled, the bottom end and the top end of the crucible are sequentially tightened by the hoops for fixing.

9. The method of maintaining a cold crucible as set forth in claim 8, wherein: and for the cutting seam which is slightly deformed after tightening, the insulating material needs to be filled continuously, and the elevation angle of the finally formed crucible opening is ensured to be 2-5 degrees.

10. The method for maintaining a cold crucible as set forth in claim 1, wherein: when the roundness of the crucible is adjusted, firstly, the diameter between every two corresponding split copper pipes is measured by a caliper, then the roundness of the crucible is finely adjusted by a soft rubber hammer, and finally, a roundness adjuster is adopted for final adjustment.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of crucibles, in particular to a maintenance method of a cold crucible.

Background

Cold crucible suspension smelting refers to a new technology of induction smelting of furnace charge by placing a water-cooled red copper crucible with an axial cutting seam in an alternating magnetic field of a coil. The technology is particularly suitable for smelting or purifying active metals, refractory alloys, high-purity materials and high-concentration polluted materials.

However, as the number of used furnaces increases, the deformation of the crucible can cause the size of the slit of the crucible along the axial direction to become uneven, so that the crucible has the following risks when smelting: firstly, the intensity of the magnetic field penetrating into the crucible through each cutting seam becomes different, and the electromagnetic stirring action generated in a molten pool after the metal alloy in the crucible is melted is also different, so that the uniformity of the alloy components is influenced; secondly, the metal melt permeates into the cutting seams, and the material blocking condition occurs during discharging, so that the operation time is influenced and the risk of material pollution is increased; and finally, the seriously deformed crucible joint cutting can cause the leakage of the metal melt, the magnetic field at the position is shielded if the crucible joint cutting is light, and the insulating covering layer at the periphery of the crucible is burnt if the crucible joint cutting is heavy, so that the induction coil is punctured and the equipment is damaged.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a cold crucible maintenance method, which can timely maintain a cold crucible, reduce the risks of material blockage and leakage of the crucible, ensure the uniformity of the melted alloy, avoid the pollution of the melted alloy and prevent the crucible and equipment from being damaged.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

the cold crucible comprises a crucible wall and a crucible bottom, wherein a joint cut is formed in the crucible wall and is coated with an insulating covering layer, a first insulating material is filled in the joint cut, a split copper block is arranged at the crucible bottom, and a second insulating material is filled between the crucible bottom and the crucible wall. The maintenance method comprises the following steps:

taking out the crucible bottom;

cleaning residual materials on the inner wall of the crucible;

removing the insulating coating coated on the crucible wall;

taking out the old first insulating material in the cutting seam, and cleaning the cutting seam;

polishing the crucible bottom;

correcting the deformed split copper block;

measuring and cutting a new first insulating material, and filling the new first insulating material into a cutting seam of the crucible wall;

reinstalling the crucible bottom;

re-fixing the crucible wall by using a fixing device;

filling a new second insulating material in a gap between the crucible wall and the crucible bottom;

adjusting the roundness of the crucible and finely adjusting the seam;

coating the insulating coating on the crucible wall again;

standing, air drying and finally removing the fixing device

Preferably, the insulating coating comprises glass fiber insulating cloth wound on the crucible wall and a binder coated on the glass fiber insulating cloth, wherein the binder is a 1:1 mixture of epoxy resin and a curing agent.

Preferably, the old first insulating material in the kerf is removed by slightly prying the kerf at the top thereof with a scraper knife and then removing the old first insulating material as a whole.

Preferably, when the cutting seams are cleaned, a scraper knife is used for cleaning each cutting seam from top to bottom, and then a wool wheel polishing machine is used for polishing the inner wall of the crucible.

Preferably, when the deformed split copper block is corrected, a flat steel plate is firstly attached to the bottom of the crucible, and then the deformed split copper block is lightly knocked by a hand hammer until the split copper block with larger deformation is corrected.

Preferably, the new first insulating material is cut by first drawing the contour of the old first insulating material in each slit, then cutting the new panel by using a cutting machine, and grinding burrs on the inner side one by one to ensure the smoothness of the inner wall of the crucible after filling.

Preferably, the first insulating material for filling the slit at the bottom of the crucible is processed to a thickness of 0.6-0.8mm by a utility knife, then the slit is slightly pried by a shovel blade, and then a new first insulating material is stuffed in the slit.

Preferably, after all the slits are filled, the bottom end and the top end of the crucible are sequentially tightened by a hoop for fixing.

Preferably, for the cutting seam which is still slightly deformed after being tightened, the insulating material needs to be filled continuously, and the elevation angle of the finally formed crucible opening is ensured to be 2-5 degrees.

Preferably, when the roundness of the crucible is adjusted, the diameter between every two split copper pipes is measured by a caliper, then the roundness of the crucible is finely adjusted by a soft rubber hammer, and finally, a roundness adjuster is adopted for final adjustment.

Compared with the prior art, its beneficial effect lies in: the cold crucible can be maintained regularly by adopting the invention, the cutting seam of the maintained cold crucible has uniform size, the risks of material blocking and leakage of the crucible can be reduced, the uniformity of the smelted alloy is ensured, the pollution of the smelted alloy is avoided, and the crucible and equipment are prevented from being damaged.

Detailed Description

The following examples are given to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

The maintenance method of the cold crucible in the preferred embodiment of the invention comprises the steps that the cold crucible comprises a crucible wall and a crucible bottom, a cutting seam is arranged on the crucible wall and is coated with an insulating coating, a first insulating material is filled in the cutting seam, split copper blocks are arranged at the crucible bottom, and a copper pipe is welded below each copper block and is used for circulating cooling water. A second insulating material is filled between the crucible bottom and the crucible wall, the first insulating material and the second insulating material are made of the same material, and the maintenance method comprises the following steps:

(1) taking out the crucible bottom. When the crucible is taken out, the crucible is inverted, the fastening screw is loosened, and then the crucible bottom is pulled out reversely.

(2) And cleaning the material residue on the inner wall of the crucible. And scraping off residual materials on the inner wall of the crucible by adopting a scraper gently, and then polishing the inner wall of the crucible by using a wool wheel polishing machine.

(3) And removing the insulating coating coated on the crucible wall. The insulating coating comprises glass fiber insulating cloth wound on the crucible wall and a binder coated on the glass fiber insulating cloth, wherein the binder is a 1:1 mixture of epoxy resin and a curing agent.

(4) And taking out the old first insulating material in the cutting seams and cleaning the cutting seams. When the old first insulating material in the kerf is taken out, a shovel blade is firstly adopted to slightly pry the top of the kerf, and then the old first insulating material is integrally taken out.

When the cutting seams are cleaned, a scraper knife is used for cleaning each cutting seam from top to bottom, and then a wool wheel grinding machine is used for grinding the inner wall of the crucible.

(5) And polishing the crucible bottom by using a wool wheel polishing machine to ensure that the surface of the crucible is smooth.

(6) And correcting the deformed split copper block. When the deformed copper sectioning pipe is corrected, a straight steel plate is firstly attached to the bottom of a crucible, and then the deformed copper sectioning pipe is lightly knocked by a hand hammer until the copper sectioning pipe with larger deformation is corrected. Meanwhile, the kerf width of the corrected crucible is ensured to be about 1.3 mm.

(7) And measuring and cutting a new first insulating material, and filling the cutting seams with the new first insulating material. When a new first insulating material is cut, the outline of the old first insulating material in each cutting seam is drawn firstly, then the first insulating material is cut on the new panel by a cutting machine, burrs on the inward side are ground one by one, the smoothness of the inner wall of the crucible after filling is ensured, and the subsequent material blocking is prevented. When the cutting seam is filled, the first insulating material for filling the cutting seam at the bottom of the crucible is firstly processed to the thickness of 0.6-0.8mm, preferably 0.7mm, by an art designing knife for ensuring the shape of a small opening at the bottom of the crucible, then the cutting seam is slightly pried by a shovel knife, and then new first insulating material is filled in the cutting seam.

(8) And (4) reinstalling the crucible bottom and aligning.

(9) And fixing the crucible wall again by using a fixing device. The fixing device adopts the hoop, and the hoop is used for sequentially tightening the bottom end and the top end of the crucible to fix after all the cutting seams are filled so as to ensure the shape of the crucible.

(10) And filling a new second insulating material in a gap between the crucible wall and the crucible bottom.

(11) The roundness of the crucible is adjusted, and the seam is finely adjusted. After the crucible is fixed, the roundness of the crucible needs to be adjusted, when the roundness of the crucible is adjusted, the diameter between every two split copper pipes is measured by a caliper rule, then the roundness of the crucible is finely adjusted by a soft rubber hammer, and finally, a roundness adjuster is adopted for final adjustment.

Meanwhile, for the cutting seam which is slightly deformed after being tightened, the first insulating material needs to be filled continuously, and the elevation angle of the finally formed crucible opening is ensured to be 2-5 degrees, and preferably 3 degrees. The appearance of the crucible after molding is small-bottom, and smooth discharging in the later operation process is ensured.

(12) The crucible wall is coated with an insulating coating again to prevent the crucible from deforming.

(13) Standing, air-drying and removing the fixing device.

In addition, a plurality of split copper blocks are arranged at the bottom of the crucible, a gap is formed between every two adjacent split copper blocks, a third insulating material is filled in the gap, the damage degree of the third insulating material needs to be checked during maintenance, and if the third insulating material is seriously damaged, the third insulating material needs to be replaced after the deformed split copper blocks are corrected; if the third insulating material is not damaged or damaged less severely, no replacement is required. The third insulating material is the same as the first insulating material and the second insulating material.

The cold crucible can be maintained regularly by adopting the invention, the cutting seam of the maintained cold crucible has uniform size, the risks of material blocking and leakage of the crucible can be reduced, the uniformity of the smelted alloy is ensured, the pollution of the smelted alloy is avoided, and the crucible and equipment are prevented from being damaged.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.