阅读说明：本技术 生产高纯铝的电解槽及方法 (Electrolytic cell and method for producing high purity aluminum ) 是由 卢惠民 卢小溪 高志江 于 2021-11-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种生产高纯铝的电解槽及方法,涉及高纯铝制备技术领域,包括外壳、上层电解组件、保温组件和盖板,保温组件固定于外壳的侧壁和盖板上,上层电解组件位于外壳内,且上层电解组件用于在外壳内生产高纯铝,上层电解组件中的液态电解质为纯氟化物体系,盖板安装于外壳的上端,并用于对外壳的内腔密封,盖板上开设有上进铝口和上出铝口,且上进铝口和上出铝口均能够连通外壳内腔与外界,上进铝口用于向外壳内加入粗铝,上进铝口处通过上进铝盖密封且上进铝盖能够打开,上出铝口用于外壳内高纯铝的取出,上出铝口通过上出铝盖密封且上出铝盖能够打开。该生产高纯铝的电解槽及方法能够避免环境污染,同时降低能耗。(The invention discloses an electrolytic cell and a method for producing high-purity aluminum, relating to the technical field of high-purity aluminum preparation and comprising a shell, an upper-layer electrolytic component, a heat-insulating component and a cover plate, wherein the heat-insulating component is fixed on the side wall of the shell and the cover plate, the upper-layer electrolytic component is positioned in the shell, the upper layer electrolytic component is used for producing high-purity aluminum in the shell, the liquid electrolyte in the upper layer electrolytic component is a pure fluoride system, the cover plate is arranged at the upper end of the shell, and be used for sealed to the inner chamber of shell, seted up last aluminium mouth and last aluminium mouth on the apron, and go up the aluminium mouth homoenergetic and communicate shell inner chamber and external, go up the aluminium mouth and be used for adding coarse aluminium to the shell in, go up aluminium mouth department and can open through sealed and last aluminium lid of going up of last aluminium lid, go up the aluminium mouth and be used for taking out of high-purity aluminium in the shell, go up the aluminium mouth and can open through going up the aluminium lid is sealed and go up the aluminium lid. The electrolytic cell and the method for producing high-purity aluminum can avoid environmental pollution and reduce energy consumption.)

1. An electrolytic cell for producing high purity aluminum, characterized in that: comprises a shell, an upper-layer electrolytic component, a heat-insulating component and a cover plate, wherein the heat-insulating component is fixed on the side wall of the shell and the cover plate, the upper-layer electrolytic component is positioned in the shell, the upper-layer electrolytic assembly is used for producing high-purity aluminum in the shell, liquid electrolyte in the upper-layer electrolytic assembly is a pure fluoride system, the cover plate is arranged at the upper end of the shell, and is used for sealing the inner cavity of the shell, an upper aluminum inlet and an upper aluminum outlet are arranged on the cover plate, the upper aluminum inlet and the upper aluminum outlet can be communicated with the inner cavity of the shell and the outside, the upper aluminum inlet is used for adding coarse aluminum into the shell, the upper aluminum inlet is sealed through the upper aluminum cover and can be opened, the upper aluminum outlet is used for taking out high-purity aluminum in the shell, and the upper aluminum outlet is sealed through the upper aluminum outlet and can be opened through the upper aluminum outlet.

2. The electrolytic cell for producing high purity aluminum according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper electrolytic component comprises an upper cathode component, an upper liquid electrolyte layer, an upper anode mother liquid layer and a lower anode component, the upper cathode component is fixed in the shell and close to the upper end of the shell, the lower anode component is located in the shell and close to the lower end of the shell, the upper liquid electrolyte layer is located at the upper end of the upper anode mother liquid layer, and the lower end face of the upper cathode component is used for separating out high-purity aluminum.

3. The electrolytic cell for producing high purity aluminum according to claim 2, characterized in that: the upper cathode assembly comprises a plurality of upper cathode graphite blocks and a plurality of upper cathode steel bars, one upper cathode graphite block corresponds to one upper cathode steel bar, and the upper cathode steel bar is fixed in the middle of the upper cathode graphite block.

4. The electrolytic cell for producing high purity aluminum according to claim 2, characterized in that: the lower layer anode assembly comprises a plurality of lower layer anode graphite blocks and a plurality of lower layer anode steel bars, one lower layer anode graphite blocks correspond to one lower layer anode steel bar, and the lower layer anode steel bar is fixed in the middle of the lower layer anode graphite blocks.

5. The electrolytic cell for producing high purity aluminum according to claim 4, characterized in that: an aluminum inlet partition wall and an aluminum outlet partition wall are further fixed in the shell, the aluminum inlet partition wall and the aluminum outlet partition wall are located between the upper aluminum inlet and the upper aluminum outlet, the aluminum inlet partition wall is arranged close to the upper aluminum inlet and used for preventing coarse aluminum falling from the upper aluminum inlet from directly contacting high-purity aluminum separated out in the shell, the aluminum outlet partition wall is arranged close to the upper aluminum outlet, and the separated high-purity aluminum is located between the aluminum inlet partition wall and the aluminum outlet partition wall.

6. The electrolytic cell for producing high purity aluminum according to claim 5, characterized in that: still be equipped with isolation graphite cake, lower liquid electrolyte layer and the female liquid layer of lower positive pole in the shell, it fixes to keep apart the graphite cake advance the aluminium division wall with go out between the aluminium division wall, just keep apart the graphite cake both ends respectively with advance the aluminium division wall with go out aluminium division wall fixed connection, liquid electrolyte layer is located down anodal female liquid layer upper end down, just the female liquid layer of lower positive pole is located lower floor's positive pole graphite block upper end, the lower extreme of keeping apart the graphite cake is used for appearing high-purity aluminium, the apron with form the electrolysis trough between the isolation graphite cake, keep apart the graphite cake with form down the electrolysis trough under the shell between the bottom surface.

7. The electrolytic cell for producing high purity aluminum according to claim 6, wherein: still set up down into aluminium mouth and lower aluminium mouth on the apron, just down advance the aluminium mouth with go out the aluminium mouth homoenergetic and communicate down electrolysis trough inner chamber and external, down advance the aluminium mouth be used for to add coarse aluminium in the electrolysis trough down, down advance aluminium mouth department through down advance the aluminium lid sealed just down advance the aluminium lid can be opened, down go out the aluminium mouth be used for down taking out of high-purity aluminium in the electrolysis trough, down go out aluminium mouth department through down go out the aluminium lid sealed just down go out the aluminium lid and can open.

8. The electrolytic cell for producing high purity aluminum according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat insulation assembly comprises a shell heat insulation layer and a cover plate heat insulation layer, the shell heat insulation layer is fixed on the inner wall of the shell, and the cover plate heat insulation layer is fixed on the lower end face of the cover plate;

the shell heat preservation layer comprises a heat preservation side plate, a clay insulating brick layer, an anti-seepage side wall and an inner liner which are fixedly connected in sequence from outside to inside, and the cover plate heat preservation layer comprises a heat preservation top plate and an anti-seepage top plate which are fixedly connected in sequence from top to bottom.

9. A method for producing high-purity aluminum is characterized by comprising the following steps: use of the cell for the production of high purity aluminum according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:

s1: injecting anode mother liquor and liquid electrolyte into the shell for electrolysis, wherein the upper end of the shell is plugged by a cover plate, and the liquid electrolyte is a pure fluoride system;

s2: connecting a power supply and carrying out electrolysis;

s3: at least part of high-purity aluminum is taken out from the shell, coarse aluminum which is equal to the taken high-purity aluminum is introduced into the shell through the aluminum inlet, and the mixture is slowly stirred uniformly.

10. The method for producing high purity aluminum in accordance with claim 9, wherein: the step of S1 includes:

s11: injecting anode mother liquor into the lower electrolytic tank to enable the thickness of the anode mother liquor to reach 35-40 cm so as to form a lower anode mother liquor layer;

s12: injecting liquid electrolyte and enabling the upper end face of the liquid electrolyte to contact the lower end face of the isolation graphite plate to form a lower liquid electrolyte layer;

s13: injecting anode mother liquor into the upper electrolytic cell to enable the thickness of the anode mother liquor to reach 35-40 cm so as to form an upper anode mother liquor layer;

s14: and injecting a liquid electrolyte and enabling the upper end face of the liquid electrolyte to contact the lower end face of the upper cathode graphite block to form an upper liquid electrolyte layer.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of high-purity aluminum preparation, in particular to an electrolytic cell and a method for producing high-purity aluminum.

Background

At present, there are two methods for producing 99.99-99.999% of high-purity aluminum in China, namely, the traditional three-layer liquid electrolysis method and the segregation method.

The existing three-layer liquid electrolysis method for producing the grade high-purity aluminum adopts a fluorine chloride electrolyte system of the original Soviet Union 20 century 50 years, the ton consumption is not lower than 13000kWh, the greatest defect is environmental pollution, and BaCl mainly containing chloride is adopted₂The chloride contains 2 crystal waters, has strong water absorption, generates chemical reaction when contacting with other electrolytes, generates hydrogen chloride gas, is continuously discharged outwards, causes environmental pollution, and even more seriously, because slag formation is needed after water absorption, also promotes the furnace wall formation in the groove, and needs to clean a large amount of waste residues on time. Meanwhile, the bottom of the solid aluminum cathode used at present is also slagging, the conductive area is reduced, the influence current passes through, the phenomenon of sparking is easy to occur, the power failure cleaning and slag fishing are needed, the electrode is locally replaced once in three months, the operation is carried out at high temperature and is severe in environment, and when the waste slag is removed, the temperature of the tank is reduced, great instability is brought to production, the high-purity aluminum is changed into waste aluminum easily due to improper operation, the magnesium content is increased in multiples during operation, and the quality of the high-purity aluminum is continuously reduced. On the other hand, the existing three-layer liquid electrolysis method is a windowing type electrolytic cell, which causes 75% of energy to escape through a window, and causes energy waste.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an electrolytic cell and a method for producing high-purity aluminum, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, avoiding environmental pollution and reducing energy consumption.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:

the invention provides an electrolytic cell for producing high-purity aluminum, which comprises a shell, an upper-layer electrolytic assembly, a heat preservation assembly and a cover plate, wherein the heat preservation assembly is fixed on the side wall of the shell and the cover plate, the upper-layer electrolytic assembly is positioned in the shell and is used for producing high-purity aluminum in the shell, a liquid electrolyte in the upper-layer electrolytic assembly is a pure fluoride system, the cover plate is arranged at the upper end of the shell and is used for sealing an inner cavity of the shell, an upper aluminum inlet and an upper aluminum outlet are formed in the cover plate and can be communicated with the inner cavity of the shell and the outside, the upper aluminum inlet is used for adding coarse aluminum into the shell, the upper aluminum inlet is sealed through an upper aluminum cover and can be opened, and the upper aluminum outlet is used for taking out the high-purity aluminum in the shell, the upper aluminum outlet is sealed by an upper aluminum outlet cover, and the upper aluminum outlet cover can be opened.

Preferably, the upper layer electrolytic component includes upper cathode assembly, goes up liquid electrolyte layer, goes up the mother liquor layer of anode and lower floor's anode assembly, upper cathode assembly fixes in the shell, and is close to the upper end setting of shell, lower floor's anode assembly is located in the shell, and is close to the lower extreme setting of shell, it is located to go up liquid electrolyte layer go up the mother liquor layer upper end of anode, the lower terminal surface of upper cathode assembly is used for appearing high-purity aluminium.

Preferably, the upper cathode assembly comprises a plurality of upper cathode graphite blocks and a plurality of upper cathode steel bars, one upper cathode graphite block corresponds to one upper cathode steel bar, and the upper cathode steel bar is fixed in the middle of the upper cathode graphite block.

Preferably, the lower anode assembly comprises a plurality of lower anode graphite blocks and a plurality of lower anode steel bars, one of the lower anode graphite blocks corresponds to one of the lower anode steel bars, and the lower anode steel bar is fixed in the middle of the lower anode graphite block.

Preferably, an aluminum inlet partition wall and an aluminum outlet partition wall are further fixed in the housing, the aluminum inlet partition wall and the aluminum outlet partition wall are both located between the upper aluminum inlet and the upper aluminum outlet, the aluminum inlet partition wall is arranged close to the upper aluminum inlet and used for preventing coarse aluminum falling from the upper aluminum inlet from directly contacting high-purity aluminum separated out from the housing, and the aluminum outlet partition wall is arranged close to the upper aluminum outlet and used for enabling the separated high-purity aluminum to be located between the aluminum inlet partition wall and the aluminum outlet partition wall.

Preferably, still be equipped with isolation graphite plate, lower liquid electrolyte layer and lower anodal mother liquid layer in the shell, isolation graphite plate fixes advance the aluminium division wall with go out between the aluminium division wall, just the both ends of isolation graphite plate respectively with advance the aluminium division wall with go out aluminium division wall fixed connection, liquid electrolyte layer is located down anodal mother liquid layer upper end down, just anodal mother liquid layer is located lower floor's positive pole graphite block upper end, isolation graphite plate's lower extreme is used for appearing high-purity aluminium, the apron with form the electrolysis trough between the isolation graphite plate, isolation graphite plate with form down the electrolysis trough under the shell between the bottom surface.

Preferably, still set up down into aluminium mouth and lower aluminium mouth on the apron, just down advance the aluminium mouth with down go out the aluminium mouth homoenergetic and communicate down electrolysis trough inner chamber and external, down advance the aluminium mouth be used for to add coarse aluminium in the electrolysis trough down, down advance aluminium mouth department through down advance the aluminium lid sealed just down advance the aluminium lid can open, down go out the aluminium mouth be used for down taking out of high-purity aluminium in the electrolysis trough, down go out aluminium mouth department through down go out the aluminium lid sealed just down go out the aluminium lid and can open.

The invention also provides a method for producing high-purity aluminum, which uses the electrolytic cell for producing high-purity aluminum in any one of the technical schemes, and comprises the following steps:

s1: injecting anode mother liquor and liquid electrolyte into the shell for electrolysis, wherein the upper end of the shell is plugged by a cover plate, and the liquid electrolyte is a pure fluoride system;

s2: connecting a power supply and carrying out electrolysis;

s3: at least part of high-purity aluminum is taken out from the shell, coarse aluminum which is equal to the taken high-purity aluminum is introduced into the shell through the aluminum inlet, and the mixture is slowly stirred uniformly.

Preferably, the S1 step includes:

s11: injecting anode mother liquor into the lower electrolytic tank to enable the thickness of the anode mother liquor to reach 35-40 cm so as to form a lower anode mother liquor layer;

s12: injecting liquid electrolyte and enabling the upper end face of the liquid electrolyte to contact the lower end face of the isolation graphite plate to form a lower liquid electrolyte layer;

s13: injecting anode mother liquor into the upper electrolytic cell to enable the thickness of the anode mother liquor to reach 35-40 cm so as to form an upper anode mother liquor layer;

s14: and injecting a liquid electrolyte and enabling the upper end face of the liquid electrolyte to contact the lower end face of the upper cathode graphite block to form an upper liquid electrolyte layer.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:

according to the electrolytic cell and the method for producing high-purity aluminum, the liquid electrolyte in the upper-layer electrolytic assembly is a pure fluoride system, and compared with the existing chloride, hydrogen chloride gas cannot be generated, so that environmental pollution is avoided.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrolytic cell for producing high-purity aluminum according to one embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an electrolytic cell for producing high purity aluminum according to the second embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view A-A of FIG. 3;

in the figure: 100-an electrolytic cell for producing high-purity aluminum, 1-a heat-insulating side plate, 2-a clay insulating brick layer, 3-an impermeable side wall, 4-an inner liner layer, 5-a lower aluminum inlet, 6-an aluminum inlet separating wall, 7-a shell, 8-a lower-layer anode steel bar, 9-a lower-layer anode graphite block, 10-a lower anode mother liquid layer, 11-a lower liquid electrolyte layer, 12-a lower-layer high-purity aluminum, 13-an insulating graphite plate, 14-an upper anode mother liquid layer, 15-an upper liquid electrolyte layer, 16-an upper-layer high-purity aluminum, 17-an aluminum outlet separating wall, 18-a lower aluminum outlet, 19-a lower aluminum outlet cover, 20-an impermeable top plate, 21-a heat-insulating top plate, 22-an upper-layer cathode graphite block, 23-an upper-layer cathode steel bar, 24-a lower aluminum inlet cover, 25-a direct current power supply, 26-steel aluminum explosion block, 27-upper aluminum inlet cover, 28-upper aluminum outlet cover, 29-aluminum soft belt, 30-bus connecting line, 31-upper aluminum inlet, 32-upper aluminum outlet.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention aims to provide an electrolytic cell and a method for producing high-purity aluminum, which aim to solve the technical problems that the existing electrolytic cell for producing high-purity aluminum wastes energy and easily causes environmental pollution.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1-4, the present embodiment provides an electrolytic cell 100 for producing high purity aluminum, which includes a housing 7, an upper layer electrolytic component, a thermal insulation component and a cover plate, wherein the thermal insulation component is fixed on a side wall and the cover plate of the housing 7, the upper layer electrolytic component is located in the housing 7, and the upper layer electrolytic component is used for producing high purity aluminum in the housing 7, a liquid electrolyte in the upper layer electrolytic component is a pure fluoride system, and compared with the existing chloride, hydrogen chloride gas is not generated, thereby avoiding environmental pollution, and meanwhile, there is no need to clean electrodes, cast electrodes and melt aluminum electrodes, which can reduce labor cost, avoid frequent opening and closing of the cover plate, and AlF in the composition of the pure fluoride system₃，NaF，BaF₂The mass ratio of LiF is 30-45 parts, 20-25 parts, 8-12 parts and 13-18 parts respectively; the density (liquid state) is 2.6-2.8g/cm³The melting point is 640-670 ℃, the operating temperature is 700-750 ℃, the cover plate is arranged at the upper end of the shell 7 and is used for sealing the inner cavity of the shell 7, so that the reaction raw materials can be prevented from passing through the outer cavityThe upper end opening of shell 7 escapes, and then make full use of reaction raw materials, avoid causing the energy extravagant, seted up last aluminium mouth 31 and last aluminium mouth 32 on the apron, and go up aluminium mouth 31 and last aluminium mouth 32 homoenergetic intercommunication shell 7 inner chamber and external, it is used for adding coarse aluminium to the shell 7 internal to go up aluminium mouth 31, it can open through last aluminium lid 27 is sealed and last aluminium lid 27 to go up aluminium mouth 31 department, it is used for taking out of the upper high-purity aluminium 16 of formation in the shell 7 to go up aluminium mouth 32, it can open through last aluminium lid 28 is sealed and last aluminium lid 28 to go out aluminium mouth 32 to go up aluminium mouth 32, and then through last aluminium mouth 31 and the setting of last aluminium mouth 32, avoid opening whole apron at the electrolysis in-process, influence the utilization of thermal insulation performance and energy.

Specifically, the upper layer electrolytic assembly comprises an upper layer cathode assembly, an upper liquid electrolyte layer 15, an upper anode mother liquor layer 14 and a lower layer anode assembly, wherein the upper anode mother liquor layer 14 is composed of 30-35% of electrolytic copper and 65-70% of common aluminum, and the density is 3.4-3.7g/cm³The upper-layer cathode assembly is fixed in the shell 7 and is arranged close to the upper end of the shell 7, the lower-layer anode assembly is positioned in the shell 7 and is arranged close to the lower end of the shell 7, the upper liquid electrolyte layer 15 is positioned at the upper end of the upper anode mother liquid layer 14, the lower end face of the upper-layer cathode assembly is used for precipitating high-purity aluminum, elements more positive than aluminum, such as copper, iron, silicon, manganese and the like, are retained in the upper anode mother liquid layer 14 by utilizing different electrode potentials of metal in the liquid electrolyte, elements more negative than aluminum, such as sodium, calcium, potassium, magnesium and the like, move in the upper liquid electrolyte layer 15 but cannot be precipitated at the cathode, and are retained in the upper liquid electrolyte layer 15, only aluminum is precipitated on the lower surface of the upper cathode graphite block, the high-purity aluminum is produced by utilizing a three-layer liquid electrolysis method, and the product quality of the high-purity aluminum is improved.

The upper cathode assembly comprises a plurality of upper cathode graphite blocks 22 and a plurality of upper cathode steel bars 23, one upper cathode graphite block 22 corresponds to one upper cathode steel bar 23, the upper cathode steel bar 23 is fixed in the middle of the upper cathode graphite block 22, and two ends of the upper cathode steel bar 23 sequentially penetrate through the shell heat-insulating layer and the side wall of the shell to extend out so as to be conveniently connected with a power supply and used for electrolysis.

The lower floor's positive pole subassembly includes a plurality of lower floor's positive pole graphite block 9 and a plurality of lower floor's positive pole rod iron 8, and a lower floor's positive pole graphite block 9 corresponds a lower floor's positive pole rod iron 8, and lower floor's positive pole rod iron 8 is fixed in lower floor's positive pole graphite block 9 middle part, and the lateral wall that shell heat preservation and shell 7 were passed in proper order in lower floor's positive pole rod iron 8 both ends stretches out to be convenient for switch on and be used for the electrolysis. And steel-aluminum explosion blocks 26 are fixed at one ends of the lower anode steel bar 8 and the upper cathode steel bar 23 far away from the shell 7, and each steel-aluminum explosion block 26 is electrically connected with the direct current power supply 25 through an aluminum soft belt 29 and a bus connecting wire 30.

Still be fixed with into aluminium division wall 6 and play aluminium division wall 17 in the shell 7, advance aluminium division wall 6 and go out aluminium division wall 17 and all be located between last aluminium mouth 31 and the last aluminium mouth 32, and advance aluminium division wall 6 and be close to last aluminium mouth 31 and set up and be used for blockking the high-purity aluminium that appears in the coarse aluminium direct contact shell 7 that last aluminium mouth 31 fell, avoid causing the pollution of high-purity aluminium, influence product quality, it is close to last aluminium mouth 32 setting to go out aluminium division wall 17, and make the high-purity aluminium that appears be located into aluminium division wall 6 and go out between the aluminium division wall 17.

The heat insulation assembly comprises a shell heat insulation layer and a cover plate heat insulation layer, the shell heat insulation layer is fixed on the inner wall of the shell 7, and the cover plate heat insulation layer is fixed on the lower end face of the cover plate, so that the heat insulation performance is improved, heat waste is avoided, and energy is saved;

the shell heat preservation layer comprises a heat preservation side plate 1, a clay insulating brick layer 2, an anti-seepage side wall 3 and an inner lining layer 4 which are fixedly connected in sequence from outside to inside, the cover plate heat preservation layer comprises a heat preservation top plate 21 and an anti-seepage top plate 20 which are fixedly connected in sequence from top to bottom, the heat preservation side plate 1 and the heat preservation top plate 21 are both silicate fiber heat preservation plates, the anti-seepage side wall 3 and the anti-seepage top plate 20 are both made of anti-seepage materials, and the inner lining is a magnesium oxide refractory brick.

Example two

The embodiment provides an electrolytic cell 100 for producing high-purity aluminum, which is different from the first embodiment in that the electrolytic cell is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, and the electrolytic cell is used for producing high-purity aluminum at the same time, so as to improve efficiency, a separation graphite plate 13, a lower liquid electrolyte layer 11 and a lower anode mother liquid layer 10 are further arranged in a shell 7, the separation graphite plate 13 is fixed between an aluminum inlet separation wall 6 and an aluminum outlet separation wall 17, and two ends of the separation graphite plate 13 are fixedly connected with the aluminum inlet separation wall 6 and the aluminum outlet separation wall 17 respectively, preferably, the thickness of the separation graphite plate 13 is 15-20cm, the separation graphite plate 13 is formed by embedding a plurality of graphite blocks, coating a high-temperature binder at the joints and sintering at a temperature range of 500-, an upper electrolytic tank is formed between the cover plate and the isolation graphite plate 13, a lower electrolytic tank is formed between the isolation graphite plate 13 and the lower bottom surface of the shell 7, lower-layer high-purity aluminum 12 is precipitated in the lower electrolytic tank, and the isolation graphite plate 13 serves as an anode of the upper electrolytic tank and a cathode of the lower electrolytic tank, so that required voltage can be reduced, and the effects of saving electricity and energy are achieved to a certain extent.

Still seted up down on the apron and advanced aluminium mouth 5 and go out aluminium mouth 18 down, and advance aluminium mouth 5 down and go out aluminium mouth 18 homoenergetic and communicate down electrolysis trough inner chamber and external, advance aluminium mouth 5 down and be used for adding coarse aluminium in the electrolysis trough down, in order to realize the replenishment of coarse aluminium, be convenient for carry out continuous electrolysis, the efficiency is improved, and adopt ordinary former aluminium as raw materials, low in production cost, it is sealed and advance aluminium lid 24 and can open through advancing aluminium lid 24 down to advance aluminium mouth 5 department down, it is used for taking out of high-purity aluminium in the electrolysis trough down to go out aluminium mouth 18 down, it is sealed and go out aluminium lid 19 and can open through going out aluminium lid 19 down to go out aluminium lid 19 and open when needing to take out high-purity aluminium, it covers to go out aluminium lid 19 down in the normal electrolysis, avoid causing heat energy to escape, and the waste of the energy.

EXAMPLE III

The present embodiment provides a method for producing high purity aluminum using the electrolytic cell 100 for producing high purity aluminum of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, comprising the steps of:

s1: anode mother liquor and liquid electrolyte are injected into the housing 7 for electrolysis, comprising the following steps before electrolysis:

s11: injecting anode mother liquor into the lower electrolytic tank to enable the thickness of the anode mother liquor to reach 35-40 cm so as to form a lower anode mother liquor layer 10;

s12: injecting a liquid electrolyte and bringing the upper end face of the liquid electrolyte into contact with the lower end face of the separation graphite sheet 13 to form a lower liquid electrolyte layer 11;

s13: injecting anode mother liquor into the upper electrolytic cell to enable the thickness of the anode mother liquor to reach 35-40 cm so as to form an upper anode mother liquor layer 14;

s14: injecting a liquid electrolyte and bringing the upper end face of the liquid electrolyte into contact with the lower end face of the upper cathode graphite block 22 to form the upper liquid electrolyte layer 15;

the density of the lower liquid electrolyte layer 11 is less than that of the lower anode mother liquid layer 10, and the density of the upper liquid electrolyte layer 15 is less than that of the upper anode mother liquid layer 14, so as to ensure that the lower liquid electrolyte layer 11 always floats on the upper layer of the lower anode mother liquid layer 10 and the upper liquid electrolyte layer 15 always floats on the upper layer of the upper anode mother liquid layer 14;

the upper end of the shell 7 is plugged by a cover plate, so that energy and heat are prevented from escaping to cause waste, and the liquid electrolyte is a pure fluoride system and is pollution-free;

s2: connecting a power supply and carrying out electrolysis, wherein the current intensity is 20-100kA, the working voltage is 4.5-6.0V, the electrolysis temperature is 720-760 ℃, and the electrolysis time is 2-3 hours;

s3: at least part of high-purity aluminum is taken out from the shell 7, coarse aluminum with the same quantity as the taken high-purity aluminum is introduced into the shell 7 through the upper aluminum inlet 31, the coarse aluminum is slowly and uniformly stirred, and the balance of the upper electrolytic cell and the lower electrolytic cell is further ensured.

In the actual electrolytic process, coarse aluminum is added to the upper aluminum inlet 31 and the lower aluminum inlet 5 respectively, the lower layer high purity aluminum 12 precipitated on the lower liquid electrolyte layer 11 and the upper layer high purity aluminum 16 precipitated on the upper liquid electrolyte layer 15 are gradually increased, the precipitation amount of the high purity aluminum is measured (the high purity aluminum is directly taken out and measured) or estimated, a corresponding amount of the coarse aluminum is put into the lower aluminum inlet 5 and the upper aluminum inlet 31, the coarse aluminum is injected into the upper anode mother liquid layer 14 and the lower anode mother liquid layer 10 and is slowly and uniformly stirred to prevent the coarse aluminum from floating in the high purity aluminum and polluting the precipitated high purity aluminum, and the high purity aluminum is taken out by a graphite spoon periodically.

The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In summary, this summary should not be construed to limit the present invention.