阅读说明：本技术 一种粉煤灰分选装置 (Fly ash sorting unit ) 是由 赵锋 何媛 赵泽华 李立勋 张知翔 张�浩 杨坚 王伟锋 冯铁玲 赵立纾 刘永林 于 2021-10-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开的一种粉煤灰分选装置,属于粉煤灰分离技术领域。包括原灰入口管、蜗壳、细灰出口管、内筒、粗灰出口管、切流板和导流板。原灰入口管设在蜗壳的切向上,粗灰出口管设在蜗壳下部并连接至粗灰储存装置；内筒同心设置在蜗壳内,内筒壁上沿轴线方向设有细灰入口,内筒的两端分别与一根细灰出口管连接,细灰出口管连接至细灰储存装置,细灰出口管上连接有负压管,负压管连接至负压发送系统；切流板和导流板分别活动设在粗灰出口管两侧的蜗壳内壁处。本发明无需外接电源,无粉尘外泄,磨损小,不堵塞；能够适应于不同品味的原灰,满足各类细灰品味的要求；且能够对粗细灰的分离比例和粗灰的产量和质量进行实时调节,满足不同工况的需求。(The invention discloses a fly ash sorting device, and belongs to the technical field of fly ash separation. Comprises an original ash inlet pipe, a volute, a fine ash outlet pipe, an inner cylinder, a coarse ash outlet pipe, a cut-off flow plate and a guide plate. The raw ash inlet pipe is arranged in the tangential direction of the volute, and the coarse ash outlet pipe is arranged at the lower part of the volute and is connected to the coarse ash storage device; the inner cylinder is concentrically arranged in the volute, a fine ash inlet is formed in the wall of the inner cylinder along the axis direction, two ends of the inner cylinder are respectively connected with a fine ash outlet pipe, the fine ash outlet pipe is connected to a fine ash storage device, a negative pressure pipe is connected to the fine ash outlet pipe, and the negative pressure pipe is connected to a negative pressure sending system; the flow cutting plate and the flow guide plate are respectively and movably arranged on the inner wall of the volute on two sides of the coarse ash outlet pipe. The invention does not need an external power supply, does not leak dust, has small abrasion and is not blocked; the method can be suitable for the original ash with different tastes, and meets the requirements of various fine ash tastes; and the separation proportion of the coarse and fine ashes and the yield and quality of the coarse ashes can be adjusted in real time, so that the requirements of different working conditions are met.)

1. A fly ash sorting device is characterized by comprising a raw ash inlet pipe (1), a volute (2), a fine ash outlet pipe (3), an inner cylinder (4), a coarse ash outlet pipe (5), a flow cutting plate (7) and a flow guide plate (9);

the raw ash inlet pipe (1) is arranged in the tangential direction of the volute (2), the coarse ash outlet pipe (5) is arranged at the lower part of the volute (2), and the coarse ash outlet pipe (5) is connected to a coarse ash storage device; the inner cylinder (4) is concentrically arranged in the volute (2), a fine ash inlet is formed in the wall of the inner cylinder (4) along the axis direction, two ends of the inner cylinder (4) are respectively connected with one fine ash outlet pipe (3), the fine ash outlet pipe (3) is connected to a fine ash storage device, a negative pressure pipe is connected to the fine ash outlet pipe (3), and the negative pressure pipe is connected to a negative pressure sending system; the tangential flow plate (7) and the guide plate (9) are respectively arranged on the inner walls of the volute (2) at two sides of the coarse ash outlet pipe (5); one end of the cut-off plate (7) is hinged with the inner wall of the volute (2), and the cut-off plate (7) is connected with a cut-off plate control mechanism (8); one end of the guide plate (9) is hinged with the inner wall of the volute (2), and the guide plate (9) is connected with a guide plate (9) operating mechanism (10).

2. The fly ash sorting device according to claim 1, wherein a non-return vertebral plate (6) is arranged in the coarse ash outlet pipe (5), and the cone angle of the non-return vertebral plate (6) is upward.

3. The fly ash sorting device according to claim 2, wherein the cone angle of the non-return vertebral plate (6) is 30-60 °.

4. The fly ash sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the coarse ash outlet pipe (5) is gradually enlarged at the position where the non-return vertebral plate (6) is arranged.

5. A fly ash sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fine ash inlet on the wall of the inner drum (4) is staggered with the raw ash inlet pipe (1).

6. The fly ash sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the curvature of the cutoff plate (7) and the guide plate (9) is equal to that of the scroll casing (2).

7. The fly ash sorting device according to claim 6, wherein the length of the cutoff flow plate (7) and the guide flow plate (9) is 1/10-1/6 pi d, and d is the base circle diameter of the volute.

8. The fly ash sorting device according to claim 1, wherein a hole plate is detachably provided at the connection of the two ends of the inner cylinder (4) and the fine ash outlet pipe (3), and the hole plate is provided with a through hole with adjustable diameter.

9. The fly ash sorting device according to claim 8, wherein the diameter of the through hole on the orifice plate is 1/2-7/8 of the diameter of the orifice plate.

10. The fly ash sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the volute (2) and the outer wall of the inner barrel (4) are provided with wear-resistant layers.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of fly ash separation, and particularly relates to a fly ash sorting device.

Background

Before the fly ash generated by combustion of a coal-fired power plant is separated according to the particle size, the conventional disposal method is to carry out landfill, carry out surface solidification according to the requirement of environmental protection regulations to prevent loss and pollution, or carry out landfill as a roadbed material, so that the economic value is difficult to exert. After the fly ash is separated according to the particle size, the fine ash is one of raw materials for producing cement, and the economic value of the fly ash is greatly increased. The first-grade fine ash can be directly supplied to a concrete mixing plant and directly used as a high-grade concrete raw material, so that the fluidity of the concrete can be improved; the secondary fine ash can be used as a raw material of foundation cement; the residual coarse ash can be used for making bricks or used as a roadbed material.

In the existing fly ash separation technology, part of the technologies need to provide power supplies, the treatment capacity is limited to be high, and the treatment requirement of a large amount of fly ash produced by a large-scale thermal power plant is difficult to meet; part of the technologies adopt a centrifugal principle for separation, and although the separation has certain separation capacity, after the equipment is shaped, the regulation space of the thickness separation capacity is not large, so that the separation is difficult to adapt to raw ash with different particle sizes; the fineness and the yield of the separated fly ash are mutually conflicting, and when the yield is high, the fineness can not meet the requirement; when the fineness meets the requirement, the yield is low.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a fly ash sorting device which does not need an external power supply, operates in a negative pressure state, does not leak dust and does not cause environmental pollution; low-speed dilute phase separation is adopted, so that the abrasion is small and the blockage is avoided; the method can be suitable for the original ash with different tastes, and meets the requirements of various fine ash tastes; and the separation proportion of the coarse and fine ashes and the yield and quality of the coarse ashes can be adjusted in real time, so that the requirements of different working conditions are met.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention discloses a fly ash sorting device, which comprises an original ash inlet pipe, a volute, a fine ash outlet pipe, an inner cylinder, a coarse ash outlet pipe, a flow cutting plate and a flow guide plate, wherein the original ash inlet pipe is connected with the volute;

the raw ash inlet pipe is arranged in the tangential direction of the volute, the coarse ash outlet pipe is arranged at the lower part of the volute, and the coarse ash outlet pipe is connected to a coarse ash storage device; the inner cylinder is concentrically arranged in the volute, a fine ash inlet is formed in the wall of the inner cylinder along the axis direction, two ends of the inner cylinder are respectively connected with a fine ash outlet pipe, the fine ash outlet pipe is connected to a fine ash storage device, a negative pressure pipe is connected to the fine ash outlet pipe, and the negative pressure pipe is connected to a negative pressure sending system; the flow cutting plate and the flow guide plate are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the volute on two sides of the coarse ash outlet pipe; one end of the flow cutting plate is hinged with the inner wall of the volute, and the flow cutting plate is connected with a flow cutting plate control mechanism; one end of the guide plate is hinged with the inner wall of the volute, and the guide plate is connected with a guide plate control mechanism.

Preferably, a non-return vertebral plate is arranged in the coarse ash outlet pipe, and the cone angle of the non-return vertebral plate is upward.

Further preferably, the cone angle of the non-return vertebral plate is 30-60 degrees.

Preferably, the diameter of the coarse ash outlet tube is gradually enlarged where the non-return lamina is located.

Preferably, the fine ash inlet on the inner cylinder wall is staggered with the raw ash inlet pipe.

Preferably, the curvature of the tangential and flow plates is equal to the volute.

Further preferably, the length of the flow cutting plate and the length of the flow guide plate are 1/10-1/6 pi d, and d is the base circle diameter of the volute.

Preferably, the connection part of the two ends of the inner barrel and the fine ash outlet pipe is detachably provided with a pore plate, and the pore plate is provided with a through hole with adjustable diameter.

Further preferably, the diameter of the through hole on the pore plate is 1/2-7/8 of the diameter of the pore plate.

Preferably, the inner wall of the volute and the outer wall of the inner cylinder are both provided with wear-resistant layers.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

the invention discloses a coal ash sorting device, wherein two phases of ash and gas carrying raw ash flow through a raw ash inlet pipe and enter a volute and then do tangential motion along the volute, coarse ash particles are centrifugally thrown to an outer ring in the running process, coarse ash falls into a coarse ash outlet pipe under the action of gravity and is discharged, and finer coarse ash is blocked by a shear flow plate and also falls into the coarse ash outlet pipe to be discharged; the fine ash continuously rotates and moves along with the air, when the fine ash enters the fine ash inlet on the inner cylinder, a part of coarse ash particles collide with the inner cylinder wall to stall, fall into the coarse ash outlet pipe to be discharged under the action of gravity, and a part of coarse ash particles enter the inner cylinder along the fine ash inlet, then leave the separator from the two ends of the inner cylinder through the fine ash outlet pipe and enter the fine ash storage device; all the coarse ash enters the coarse ash storage device through the coarse ash outlet pipe. The invention can adjust the centrifugal angle by adjusting the opening of the guide plate, and control the separation proportion of coarse and fine ash; the yield and the quality of coarse ash can be controlled by adjusting the opening of the flow cutting plate. The invention does not need an external power supply, operates in a negative pressure state, does not leak dust and does not cause environmental pollution; low-speed dilute phase separation is adopted, so that the abrasion is small and the blockage is avoided; can meet the requirements of various fine ash tastes; and the separation proportion of the coarse and fine ashes and the yield and quality of the coarse ashes can be adjusted in real time, so that the requirements of different working conditions are met.

Furthermore, a non-return vertebral plate is arranged in the coarse ash outlet pipe, the cone angle of the non-return vertebral plate faces upwards, and backflow of coarse ash can be prevented.

Furthermore, the cone angle of the non-return vertebral plate is 30-60 degrees, which is beneficial to capturing the moving ash particles.

Furthermore, the diameter of the position of the non-return vertebral plate arranged in the coarse ash outlet pipe is gradually enlarged, so that the position is prevented from generating bridging due to the existence of the non-return vertebral plate, and the normal operation is prevented from being influenced.

Furthermore, the fine ash inlets on the inner cylinder wall and the original ash inlet pipes are arranged in a staggered mode, so that the phenomenon that the just-entering ash-gas two-phase flow enters the inner cylinder without being fully separated is avoided.

Furthermore, the curvatures of the flow cutting plate and the flow guide plate are equal to that of the volute, and the distribution of the internal flow field is not influenced when the flow cutting plate and the flow guide plate are retracted.

Furthermore, pore plates are detachably arranged at the joints of the two ends of the inner cylinder and the fine ash outlet pipe, through holes with adjustable diameters are arranged on the pore plates, and particles coming out of the two ends of the inner cylinder, a part of thicker particles collide with the pore plates to stall and fall into the coarse ash outlet pipe to be discharged under the action of gravity; the other part passes through the orifice plate and leaves the separator through a fine ash outlet pipe to enter a fine ash storage device. Further improving the separation effect.

Furthermore, the diameter of the through hole in the pore plate is 1/2-7/8 of the outer diameter of the pore plate, so that the proper pore diameter can be selected according to actual needs, the area of the ash-gas two-phase flow passing through the pore plate is adjusted, and the separation proportion of coarse ash and fine ash is controlled.

Furthermore, the inner wall of the volute and the outer wall of the inner barrel are both provided with wear-resistant layers, so that the abrasion caused by the collision of ash particles can be reduced, and the service life is prolonged.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the fly ash sorting device of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-raw ash inlet pipe, 2-volute, 3-fine ash outlet pipe, 4-inner barrel, 5-coarse ash outlet pipe, 6-non-return vertebral plate, 7-cut flow plate, 8-cut flow plate control mechanism, 9-guide plate and 10-guide plate control mechanism.

Detailed Description

The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are included to illustrate and not to limit the invention:

referring to fig. 1, the fly ash sorting device of the present invention comprises a raw ash inlet pipe 1, a volute 2, a fine ash outlet pipe 3, an inner cylinder 4, a coarse ash outlet pipe 5, a flow cutting plate 7 and a flow guide plate 9.

The raw ash inlet pipe 1 is arranged on the tangent direction of the volute 2, the coarse ash outlet pipe 5 is arranged on the lower part of the volute 2, and the coarse ash outlet pipe 5 is connected to a coarse ash storage device; the inner cylinder 4 is concentrically arranged in the volute 2, the wall of the inner cylinder 4 is provided with a fine ash inlet along the axial direction, two ends of the inner cylinder 4 are respectively connected with a fine ash outlet pipe 3, the fine ash outlet pipe 3 is connected to a fine ash storage device, the fine ash outlet pipe 3 is connected with a negative pressure pipe, and the negative pressure pipe is connected to a negative pressure sending system; the flow cutting plate 7 and the flow guide plate 9 are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the volute 2 at two sides of the coarse ash outlet pipe 5; one end of the tangential plate 7 is hinged with the inner wall of the volute 2, and the tangential plate 7 is connected with a tangential plate control mechanism 8; one end of the guide plate 9 is hinged with the inner wall of the volute 2, and the guide plate 9 is connected with a guide plate 9 operating mechanism 10.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a non-return lamina 6 is provided in the coarse ash outlet duct 5, the cone angle of the non-return lamina 6 being directed upwards. Preferably, the cone angle of the non-return lamina 6 is between 30 ° and 60 °.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the diameter is gradually enlarged where the non-return lamina 6 is placed in the coarse ash outlet duct 5.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fine ash inlet on the wall of the inner drum 4 is staggered with the raw ash inlet pipe 1.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the curvature of the tangential flow plate 7 and the deflector plate 9 is equal to the volute 2. Preferably, the lengths of the tangential flow plate 7 and the guide plate 9 are 1/10-1/6 pi d, and d is the base circle diameter of the volute.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the connection between the two ends of the inner cylinder 4 and the fine ash outlet pipe 3 is detachably provided with a pore plate, and the pore plate is provided with a through hole with adjustable diameter. Preferably, the diameter of the through hole on the pore plate is 1/2-7/8 of the outer diameter of the pore plate.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner wall of the volute 2 and the outer wall of the inner cylinder 4 are provided with wear resistant layers.

The specific working principle of the invention is as follows:

after the ash gas carrying the original ash flows through the original ash inlet pipe 1 and enters the volute 2, the two phases of ash gas do tangential motion along the volute 2, coarse ash particles are centrifugally thrown to an outer ring in the running process, the coarse ash falls into the coarse ash outlet pipe 5 under the action of gravity and is discharged through the non-return vertebral plate 6, and the thinner coarse ash falls into the coarse ash outlet pipe 5 under the blockage of the splitter plate 7 and is discharged through the non-return vertebral plate 6; the fine ash continuously rotates with the air, when the fine ash inlet on the inner cylinder 4 is rotated, a part of coarse ash particles collide with the wall of the inner cylinder 4 to stall, fall into the coarse ash outlet pipe 5 under the action of gravity and are discharged through the non-return vertebral plate 6, and a part of the coarse ash particles enter the inner cylinder 4 along the fine ash inlet and then exit from the two ends of the inner cylinder 4 through the orifice plates; the particles passing through the pore plate, a part of thicker particles collide with the pore plate to stall, and fall into a coarse ash outlet pipe 5 under the action of gravity to be discharged through a non-return vertebral plate 6; one part of the fine ash passes through the orifice plate, leaves the separator through a fine ash outlet pipe 3 and enters a fine ash storage device; all the coarse ash enters the coarse ash storage device through the coarse ash outlet pipe 5. Besides the optimization of the structure, the invention also provides three adjusting methods for the separation of the coal ash thickness: firstly, the opening degree of the guide plate 9 is adjusted through the guide plate control mechanism 10, the centrifugal angle is adjusted, and the separation proportion of coarse and fine ash is controlled. And secondly, the opening degree of the flow chopping plate 7 is adjusted through the flow chopping plate control mechanism 8, so that the yield and the quality of coarse ash are controlled. And thirdly, adjusting the aperture of the pore plate, adjusting the area of the ash-gas two-phase flow passing through the pore plate, and controlling the separation ratio of coarse ash and fine ash. In addition, the coarse ash outlet pipe 5 is expanded, and a non-return vertebral plate 6 is arranged to prevent the backflow of the coarse ash.

The above description is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and although some terms are used in the present invention, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely for convenience in describing and explaining the nature of the invention and are to be construed as any additional limitation which is not in accordance with the spirit of the invention. The foregoing is merely an illustration of the present invention for the purpose of providing an easy understanding and is not intended to limit the present invention to the particular embodiments disclosed herein, and any technical extensions or innovations made herein are protected by the present invention.