阅读说明：本技术 一种用于w波段eio的小型化宽带准光模式变换器 (Miniaturized broadband quasi-optical mode converter for W-band EIO ) 是由 李宏福 于 2021-01-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明适用于变换器技术领域,提供了一种用于W波段EIO的小型化宽带准光模式变换器,所述小型化宽带准光模式变换器包括：圆波导段,一端设置输入端口；相位匹配段,连接圆波导段远离输入端口的一端,圆波导段和相位匹配段同轴设置；其中,圆波导段从输入端口半径逐渐增加；圆波导段的输出端尺寸与相位匹配段的输入端尺寸一致,相位匹配段外表面呈现波浪曲线形式；相位匹配段和圆波导段具有光滑波导壁。本发明优点：结构简单,生产方便,体积小,节约生产成本,避免了毛刺出现,提高功率容量。(The invention is applicable to the technical field of converters, and provides a miniaturized broadband quasi-optical mode converter for W-band EIO, which comprises: one end of the circular waveguide section is provided with an input port; the phase matching section is connected with one end of the circular waveguide section, which is far away from the input port, and the circular waveguide section and the phase matching section are coaxially arranged; wherein the circular waveguide segment gradually increases in radius from the input port; the size of the output end of the circular waveguide section is consistent with that of the input end of the phase matching section, and the outer surface of the phase matching section is in a wave curve form; the phase matching section and the circular waveguide section have smooth waveguide walls. The invention has the advantages that: the structure is simple, the production is convenient, the volume is small, the production cost is saved, burrs are avoided, and the power capacity is improved.)

1. A miniaturized broadband quasi-optical mode converter for W-band EIO, the miniaturized broadband quasi-optical mode converter comprising:

one end of the circular waveguide section is provided with an input port;

the phase matching section is connected with one end of the circular waveguide section, which is far away from the input port, and the circular waveguide section and the phase matching section are coaxially arranged;

wherein the circular waveguide segment gradually increases in radius from the input port; the size of the output end of the circular waveguide section is consistent with that of the input end of the phase matching section, and the outer surface of the phase matching section is in a wave curve form; the phase matching section and the circular waveguide section have smooth waveguide walls.

2. The miniaturized broadband quasi-optical mode converter for a W-band EIO of claim 1, wherein the input port length is L₁The length of the circular waveguide section is L₂The length of the phase matching section is L₃；L₁：L₂：L₃=2:20:30.85。

3. The miniaturized broadband quasi-optical mode converter for a W-band EIO of claim 1, wherein the input port length is L₁Input port cross-section radius of R₁；L₁：R₁=2：9。

4. The miniaturized broadband quasi-optical mode converter for a W-band EIO according to claim 1, wherein the length of said circular waveguide segment is L₂The radius of the cross section of the output port of the circular waveguide section is R₂；L₂：R₂=4:3。

5. The miniaturized broadband quasi-optical mode converter for a W-band EIO of claim 1, wherein the length of the phase matching segment is L₃The radius of the cross section of the output port of the phase matching section is R₃；L₃：R₃=30.85:15。

6. The miniaturized broadband quasi-optical mode converter for a W-band EIO of claim 1, wherein the input port has a cross-sectional radius of R₁(ii) a The radius of the cross section of the output port of the circular waveguide section is R₂(ii) a The output port of the phase matching section has a cross-sectional radius of R₃；R₃：R₂：R₁=5:5:3。

7. The miniaturized broadband quasi-optical mode converter for a W-band EIO of claim 1, wherein the input port length is L₁The length of the circular waveguide section is L₂The length of the phase matching section is L₃(ii) a Said L₁=2mm，L₂=20mm，L₃=30.85mm。

8. The miniaturized broadband quasi-optical mode for W-band EIO of claim 1Transducer characterized in that said input port has a cross-sectional radius of R₁(ii) a The radius of the cross section of the output port of the circular waveguide section is R₂(ii) a The output port of the phase matching section has a cross-sectional radius of R₃；R₁=9mm，R₂=15mm，R₃=15mm。

9. The miniaturized broadband quasi-optical mode converter for the W-band EIO according to claim 1, wherein the operating frequency is 90GHz to 100 GHz.

10. The miniaturized broadband quasi-optical mode converter for W-band EIO according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein TE11 mode inputted to the input port is converted by the miniaturized broadband quasi-optical mode converter to output a specific ratio of mixed mode at the output port, wherein TE11 mode accounts for 84% and TM11 mode accounts for 16% to generate HE11 mode.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of converters, and particularly relates to a miniaturized broadband quasi-optical mode converter for a W-band EIO.

Background

An Extended Interaction Oscillator (abbreviation of Extended Interaction Oscillator, EIO) is shown in fig. 1, and is an important miniaturized source of electro-vacuum microwave radiation. The resonant cavity of the klystron and the slow wave line of the traveling wave tube are adopted, and the advantages of the resonant cavity and the slow wave line are combined, so that a unique coupling cavity chain slow wave line is formed, and the coupling cavity chain slow wave line has high interaction efficiency. The EIO can effectively work in millimeter wave and even higher terahertz wave bands, and has the advantages of compact structure, small volume, light weight, high power and the like. Compared with a high-power gyrotron, the EIO does not need a superconducting magnet, is high in starting speed, and has obvious advantages in volume and weight. The extended interaction device has great development potential in millimeter wave and above wave bands, and has important application in meteorological observation, satellite communication, radar and other aspects. The EIO is developing to the direction of high frequency, high power and miniaturization at present, further adopting an EIO source of advanced micro-machining technology and cathode technology, and hopefully developing into an important low-frequency-band terahertz device.

The mode converter is positioned at the end of the EIO source coupling-out structure and is used for converting the output mode of the EIO into a required mode outside an output window. Based on the application scenario of directional microwave beam radiation, the output mode of the EIO source needs to be converted into a quasi-optical mode (HE11 mode), and meanwhile, the mode purity and the transmission efficiency are high. One of the key problems facing the development and application of EIO devices is the design of quasi-optical mode converters with high power and high frequency development.

When the electromagnetic wave is in a low frequency band, the mode converter designed by using the traditional corrugated waveguide structure with the circumferential grooves is high in conversion efficiency, but burrs easily appear on the processed mode converter by the traditional mode converter when the frequency of the electromagnetic wave is gradually increased to a millimeter wave or even a terahertz wave band, so that the corrugated waveguide is easily broken down by high-power microwaves, and the application and development of the corrugated waveguide are limited.

Disclosure of Invention

An embodiment of the present invention provides a miniaturized wideband quasi-optical mode converter for a W-band EIO, which aims to solve the problem of easy occurrence of glitches.

The present invention is achieved as a miniaturized broadband quasi-optical mode converter for a W-band EIO, comprising:

one end of the circular waveguide section is provided with an input port;

the phase matching section is connected with one end of the circular waveguide section, which is far away from the input port, and the circular waveguide section and the phase matching section are coaxially arranged;

wherein the circular waveguide segment gradually increases in radius from the input port; the size of the output end of the circular waveguide section is consistent with that of the input end of the phase matching section, and the outer surface of the phase matching section is in a wave curve form; the phase matching section and the circular waveguide section have smooth waveguide walls.

In the embodiment of the invention, the microwave enters the inside of the circular waveguide section through the input port, the circular waveguide section 2 amplifies the microwave power capacity, so that the power capacity is increased, and the phase matching section is arranged to facilitate the reduction of the processing difficulty. The phase matching section and the circular waveguide section are provided with smooth waveguide walls, the processing difficulty is small, the power capacity is amplified through the circular waveguide section, the size of the converter can be reduced to the maximum, the occupied space is reduced, the installation is convenient and fast, the use is convenient, the installation space is reduced, burrs in the processing process are avoided, and the power capacity is improved. The invention has the advantages that: the structure is simple, the production is convenient, the volume is small, the production cost is saved, burrs are avoided, and the power capacity is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a miniaturized broadband quasi-optical mode converter for a W-band EIO according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a graph comparing transmission efficiency of a miniaturized broadband quasi-optical mode converter for a W-band EIO according to an embodiment of the present invention and a conventional quasi-optical mode converter;

fig. 3 is a graph comparing theoretical power capacity values of a miniaturized broadband quasi-optical mode converter power coupling-out structure for a W-band EIO according to an embodiment of the present invention and a conventional quasi-optical mode converter;

in the drawings: the input port 1, the circular waveguide section 2 and the phase matching section 3.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Specific implementations of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1, a structure diagram of a miniaturized wideband quasi-optical mode converter for a W-band EIO according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

one end of the circular waveguide section 2 is provided with an input port 1;

the phase matching section 3 is connected with one end of the circular waveguide section 2 far away from the input port 1, and the circular waveguide section 2 and the phase matching section 3 are coaxially arranged;

wherein, the radius of the circular waveguide section 2 is gradually increased from the input port 1; the size of the output end of the circular waveguide section 2 is consistent with that of the input end of the phase matching section 3, and the outer surface of the phase matching section 3 is in a wave curve form; the phase-matching section 3 and the circular waveguide section 2 have smooth waveguide walls.

In the embodiment of the invention, the microwave enters the circular waveguide section 2 through the input port 1, and the arrangement of the circular waveguide section 2 and the phase matching section 3 is convenient for reducing the processing difficulty. Phase place matching section 3 and circular waveguide section 2 have smooth waveguide wall, and the processing degree of difficulty is little, carries out the amplified power capacity through circular waveguide section 2, reduction that can maximize the size of converter has reduced occupation space, and it is convenient to install, and convenient to use has reduced installation space, avoids the burr that appears in the course of working simultaneously, is favorable to improving power capacity.

In one example of the present invention, the cross sections of the circular waveguide section 2 and the phase matching section 3 are both circular structures, the circular waveguide section 2 and the phase matching section 3 are smooth and transitional, the radius of the circular waveguide section 2 is gradually changed, and the phase matching section 3 is on the same axis; the output end size of the circular waveguide section 2 is consistent with the input end size of the phase matching section 3. Thereby realizing the smoothness transition and avoiding the occurrence of edges and corners. The processing is convenient, the used material is small, and the cost is saved.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the input port 1 has a length L₁The input port 1 has a cross-sectional radius of R₁(ii) a The length of the circular waveguide section 2 is L₂The radius of the cross section of the output port of the circular waveguide section 2 is R₂(ii) a The phase matching section 3 has a length L₃The radius of the cross section of the output port of the phase matching section 3 is R₃(ii) a Total length LL ═ L₁+L₂+L₃. The structures of the parts are respectively shown in figure 1. L is₁：L₂：L₃＝2:20:30.85；R₃：R₂：R₁5:5: 3. Through size ratio design, the processing demand of being convenient for, processing is convenient, has avoided the appearance of burr. While maximizing the power capacity.

In one example of the present invention, input port 1 is of length L₁The input port 1 has a cross-sectional radius of R₁；L₁：R₁2: 9, thereby limiting the size of the miniaturized broadband quasi-optical mode converter.

In one embodiment of the invention, the circular waveguide section 2 has a length L₂The radius of the cross section of the output port of the circular waveguide section 2 is R₂；L₂：R₂4:3, limiting the miniaturized broadband quasi-optical mode converter size.

In one example of the present invention, the phase matching section 3 has a length L₃The radius of the cross section of the output port of the phase matching section 3 is R₃；L₃：R₃30.85:15, limiting the miniaturized broadband quasi-optical mode converter size.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, L₁＝2，L₂＝20，L₃30.85, LL 52.85 (unit: mm); thereby minimizing the volume of the quasi-optical mode converter.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, R₁＝9，R₂＝15，R₃15 (unit: mm); thereby reducing the quasi-optical mode converter volume. The above dimensions are obtained through various experiments, are not conventional technical dimensions, are creative thinking of the application and have obvious creativity.

As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the miniaturized broadband quasi-optical mode converter provided by the embodiment is simulated by using three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software, the transmission efficiency is obtained, and the radius R of the cross section of the output port is the same as that of the cross section of the output port₁Conventional quasi-optical mode converters of the same total length LL are compared. The simulation results are shown in fig. 2. Wherein, the curve 1 and the curve 2 are respectively the inventionA transmission efficiency curve of a quasi-optical mode converter is provided and a transmission efficiency curve of a conventional quasi-optical mode converter. Within an operating frequency band (90 GHz-100 GHz), the transmission efficiency of the quasi-optical mode converter provided by the invention is superior to that of a traditional mode converter, and the operating bandwidth is 6GHz larger than that of the traditional mode converter. Compared with the quasi-optical mode converter in the prior art, the quasi-optical mode converter improves the energy transmission efficiency and the working bandwidth, increases the power capacity of an output port, is easy to process, widens the application range of millimeter wave EIO, and can further meet the requirements of equipment systems on the power capacity, the transmission efficiency and the like of the devices.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the TE11 mode input to the input port 1 is converted by the quasi-optical mode converter to output a specific ratio of the mixed mode at the output, wherein the TE11 mode accounts for about 84% and the TM11 mode accounts for about 16%, to generate the HE11 mode. The theoretical value of the power capacity allowed to be transmitted by the waveguide under the condition that the output port is not subjected to electric breakdown is obtained by using the power capacity of the waveguide defined by the universal waveguide transmission power in the microwave engineering technology and using a numerical calculation method. The power capacity is calculated by the expression (1) for the TM11 mode of the circular waveguide, and by the expression (2) for the TE11 mode of the circular waveguide, the result takes a smaller value. Wherein, R is the radius of the section of the circular waveguide, lambda is the working wavelength, Em is the amplitude of the maximum electric field intensity, and the breakdown strength of air is 30kV/cm under the general condition. Fig. 3 shows a comparison of the power capability of a conventional mode converter and a miniaturized quasi-optical mode converter provided by the present invention. Wherein, curves 3 and 4 are the power capacity curve at the output port of the miniaturized quasi-optical mode converter provided by the present invention and the power capacity curve of the conventional mode converter, respectively.

From a comparison of curve 3 and curve 4 in fig. 3, it can be seen that: compared with the traditional mode converter, the miniaturized broadband quasi-optical mode converter of the W-band EIO provided by the invention has higher power capacity in the whole operating frequency band (90 GHz-100 GHz), thereby being capable of meeting the requirement of continuously improving the EIO output power.

The phase matching section 3 and the circular waveguide section 2 are provided with smooth waveguide walls, the processing difficulty is low, the circular waveguide section 2 is used for amplifying power capacity, the size of the converter can be reduced to the maximum extent, the occupied space is reduced, the installation is convenient and fast, the use is convenient, the installation space is reduced, meanwhile, burrs generated in the processing process are avoided, and the power capacity is improved.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.