阅读说明：本技术 基于内置通道的高效分离器及其方法 (High-efficiency separator based on built-in channel and method thereof ) 是由 朱德志 韩东 王瑾程 纪妍妍 彭伟杰 于 2021-01-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种基于内置通道的高效分离器及其方法,属于流体动力学领域。本发明提供一种解决气固分离器中关于粒子的二次夹带问题的方法,进口位于分离器顶端,导叶固定于外筒内部,伞环形叶片固定于导叶下端,内螺旋叶片固定于伞环形叶片内部,排气管道于分离器下部。伞环形叶片和内螺旋叶片组成气固两相流的第一通道；伞环形叶片与外筒组成气固两相流的第二通道,固相引出口布置于外筒与排气管道之间。部分粒子率先被分离至壁面,最终沉降至固相引出口；进入第一通道的粒子经内螺旋叶片不断被分离至第二通道,最终沉降至固相引出口,纯净气流进入排气管道,从而有效提高系统分离效率,极大降低了粒子的二次夹带。(An efficient separator based on a built-in channel and a method thereof belong to the field of fluid dynamics. The invention provides a method for solving the problem of secondary entrainment of particles in a gas-solid separator, wherein an inlet is positioned at the top end of the separator, a guide vane is fixed in an outer cylinder, an umbrella-shaped blade is fixed at the lower end of the guide vane, an inner spiral blade is fixed in the umbrella-shaped blade, and an exhaust pipeline is arranged at the lower part of the separator. The umbrella ring-shaped blade and the inner spiral blade form a first channel of gas-solid two-phase flow; the umbrella ring-shaped blades and the outer cylinder form a second channel of gas-solid two-phase flow, and the solid phase lead-out port is arranged between the outer cylinder and the exhaust pipeline. Part of particles are firstly separated to the wall surface and finally settled to a solid phase outlet; the particles entering the first channel are continuously separated to the second channel through the inner spiral blade, and finally settle to the solid phase leading-out port, and the pure air flow enters the exhaust pipeline, so that the separation efficiency of the system is effectively improved, and the secondary entrainment of the particles is greatly reduced.)

1. A separator based on built-in channel, its characterized in that: comprises an outer cylinder (3), a guide vane (2), an umbrella ring-shaped blade (4), an inner spiral blade (5) and an exhaust pipeline (6);

the upper end of the outer cylinder (3) is provided with a separator inlet (1); the guide vane (2) is fixedly arranged at the center position in the upper half section of the outer cylinder (3); the umbrella-shaped blades (4) are sequentially arranged at the right lower ends of the guide vanes (2) from top to bottom, and the wall surfaces of the umbrella-shaped blades (4) are of inward-concave gradually-expanded horn-arc structures; the inner spiral blades (5) are fixedly arranged in the center of the umbrella annular blades (4) and continuously penetrate through all the umbrella annular blades (4); the exhaust pipeline (6) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the center of the separator, the upper end of the exhaust pipeline extends into the outer cylinder (3) and is away from the bottom of the inner spiral blade (5), and the lower end of the exhaust pipeline extends out of the outer cylinder (3); the exhaust pipeline (6) is in a gradually expanding form;

a solid phase lead-out opening (8) is arranged between the exhaust pipeline (6) and the outer cylinder (3);

the umbrella annular blade (4) and the inner spiral blade (5) form a first passage (8) for gas-solid two-phase flow to descend; the outer wall of the umbrella annular blade (4) and the outer cylinder (3) form a second passage (7) for gas-solid two-phase flow to descend.

2. The high efficiency built-in channel based separator according to claim 1, wherein:

the included angle between the umbrella annular blade (4) and the axis is 20-80 degrees; the axial height of the umbrella annular blades (4) is 40-60 mm, the inner diameter of the umbrella annular blades (4) is 20-30 mm, the outer diameter of the umbrella annular blades (4) is 40-70 mm, the distance between every two adjacent umbrella annular blades (4) is 10-15 mm, and the arrangement number of the umbrella annular blades (4) is 3-8.

3. The high efficiency built-in channel based separator of claim 2, wherein:

the included angle between the umbrella ring-shaped blade (4) and the axis is determined according to the proportion and the speed of large particles in the gas-solid two-phase flow entering the inlet (1); the larger the proportion and the speed of the large particles are, the larger the included angle between the umbrella annular blade (4) and the axis is;

the axial height of the umbrella annular blades (4), the inner and outer diameters of the umbrella annular blades (4), the spacing between the umbrella annular blades (4) and the arrangement number of the umbrella annular blades (4) are determined according to the length of the outer cylinder (3) and the specific gravity of particles in a gas-solid two-phase flow; the higher the length of the outer cylinder (3), the higher the specific gravity of particles in the gas-solid two-phase flow, the higher the axial height of the umbrella-shaped annular blades (4), the larger the space between the umbrella-shaped annular blades (4), and the more the quantity arrangement, thereby avoiding the low separation efficiency of large particles caused by the secondary entrainment problem;

the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the umbrella annular blades (4) are determined according to the included angle, the interval and the height of the umbrella annular blades (4) and the diameter of the outer barrel (3); the larger the included angle of the umbrella annular blades (4), the smaller the distance and height of the umbrella annular blades (4) are, and the smaller the diameter of the outer barrel (3) is, the smaller the inner diameter of the umbrella annular blades (4) is and the larger the outer diameter is.

4. The high efficiency built-in channel based separator according to claim 1, wherein:

the flow velocity of the gas-solid two-phase flow entering the inlet (1) is 2.5-30 m/s; the included angle between the spiral line direction of the inner spiral blade (5) and the axis direction is preferably 30-60 degrees; the included angle between the tangential direction of the spiral line at the top end of the inner spiral blade (5) and the axial direction is 15-30 degrees.

5. The high efficiency built-in channel based separator of claim 4, wherein:

the flow rate of the gas-solid two-phase flow entering the inlet (1) is specifically determined by the particle size of particles in the gas-solid two-phase flow; the larger the particle size, the larger the flow rate required.

6. The high efficiency built-in channel based separator according to claim 1, wherein:

the inward concave radian of the wall surface of the umbrella annular blade (4) is determined according to the particle size of rebounding particles in a solid phase entering the first channel (8) and the speed of airflow; the larger the particle size and velocity, the smaller the radian of the concavity.

7. The separation method of the high-efficiency separator based on the built-in channel, which is characterized by comprising the following processes:

the gas-solid two-phase flow flows through the guide vane (2) from the inlet (1) and rotates to form vortex, particles with larger particle size are separated and enter the second channel (7), and the rest particles enter the first channel (8) along with the gas-solid two-phase flow;

in the first channel (8), particles with larger particle sizes are separated along with gas-solid two-phase flow through the inner spiral blades (5) and are separated to the second channel (7) through gaps of the umbrella ring-shaped blades (4); the large particles in the second channel (7) continuously bounce to the outer wall surfaces of the outer cylinder (3) and the umbrella ring-shaped blades (4) and finally sink to the solid phase outlet (9);

the gas-solid two-phase flow passes through the umbrella ring-shaped blades (4) and the inner spiral blades (5) to obtain pure airflow and enters the exhaust pipeline (6).

Technical Field

The invention designs an efficient separator based on a built-in channel and a method thereof, belonging to the field of fluid dynamics.

Background

The gas-solid separation technology is widely applied to the industries of coal burning, mining, mechanical processing, material processing, chemical engineering, food and the like, and is used for separating and filtering dust-containing gas so as to reuse valuable resources and protect other equipment from being damaged. The existing dust removal technology mainly comprises the following steps: the spraying type dust removal technology has the advantages that the equipment is simple in structure, convenient to operate and small in resistance, but the equipment is large in size, low in dust treatment capacity and large in washing liquid requirement; the electric dust removal technology can effectively separate the dust with the particle size of 0.01-1 mu m, but has high structure cost and complex operation, and needs to consider the stability and static and dynamic analysis of equipment; the bag type dust removal technology has higher dust removal efficiency, can treat dust in low-temperature flue gas, has lower manufacturing cost, but cannot be directly applied to the high-temperature field, and has shorter service life. Therefore, the axial flow type gas-solid separator is widely applied due to low manufacturing cost, easy operation, small volume and wide application range. However, the secondary entrainment phenomenon occurs to the large particles in the axial flow type gas-solid separator, and the separation efficiency of the large particles cannot be ensured.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an efficient separator based on a built-in channel and a method thereof, which have the advantages that the problem of low separation efficiency caused by secondary entrainment of large particles is solved, the large particles are separated firstly by utilizing a built-in umbrella annular blade, rebound is realized on the outer wall of the built-in umbrella annular blade, and finally sedimentation separation is realized; the large particles entering the built-in umbrella annular blade are continuously separated through the rotary motion and are separated to the second channel in the gap of the umbrella annular blade, so that the separation efficiency of the large particles is improved.

The high-efficiency separator based on the built-in channel is characterized in that: comprises an outer cylinder, a guide vane, an umbrella ring-shaped blade, an inner spiral blade and an exhaust pipeline; the upper end of the outer cylinder is provided with a separator inlet; the guide vane is fixedly arranged at the center position in the upper half section of the outer cylinder; the umbrella ring-shaped blades are sequentially arranged at the right lower ends of the guide vanes from top to bottom, and the wall surfaces of the umbrella ring-shaped blades are of inward-concave gradually-expanded horn-arc structures; the inner spiral blades are fixedly arranged in the centers of the umbrella annular blades and continuously penetrate through all the umbrella annular blades; the exhaust pipeline is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the center of the separator, the upper end of the exhaust pipeline extends into the outer barrel and is away from the bottom of the inner spiral blade, and the lower end of the exhaust pipeline extends out of the outer barrel; the exhaust pipeline is in a gradually expanding form; a solid phase lead-out port is arranged between the exhaust pipeline and the outer cylinder; the umbrella ring-shaped blade and the inner spiral blade form a first passage for gas-solid two-phase flow to descend; the outer wall of the umbrella annular blade and the outer cylinder form a second passage for gas-solid two-phase flow to descend.

The high-efficiency separator based on the built-in channel is characterized in that: the included angle between the annular blades of the umbrella and the axis is 20-80 degrees, which is determined according to the proportion and speed of large particles in the gas-solid two-phase flow entering the inlet; the larger the proportion and the speed of the large particles are, the larger the included angle between the annular blades of the umbrella and the axis is, and vice versa.

The axial height of the umbrella annular blades is 40-60 mm, the inner diameter of the umbrella annular blades is 20-30 mm, the outer diameter of the umbrella annular blades is 40-70 mm, the distance between the umbrella annular blades is 10-15 mm, the arrangement number of the umbrella annular blades is 3-8, and the arrangement number is determined according to the length of the outer cylinder and the specific gravity of particles in gas-solid two-phase flow; the higher the length of the outer cylinder is, the higher the specific gravity of particles in the gas-solid two-phase flow is, the axial height of the umbrella annular blades is increased, the larger the spacing of the umbrella annular blades is, the more the number of the umbrella annular blades is, and therefore the problem of low separation efficiency of large particles caused by secondary entrainment is avoided;

the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the umbrella annular blades are determined according to the included angle, the interval and the height of the umbrella annular blades and the diameter of the outer cylinder; the larger the included angle of the umbrella annular blades is, the smaller the space and height of the umbrella annular blades are, and the smaller the diameter of the outer barrel is, the smaller the inner diameter of the umbrella annular blades is, and the larger the outer diameter is.

The selection of the concave radian of the wall surface of the umbrella ring-shaped blade is determined according to the particle size of rebounding particles in a solid phase entering the first channel and the speed of airflow; the larger the particle size and velocity, the smaller the radian of the concavity.

The high-efficiency separator based on the built-in channel is characterized in that: the flow velocity of the gas-solid two-phase flow entering the inlet is 2.5-30 m/s, and the particle size of particles in the gas-solid two-phase flow is specifically determined; the larger the particle size, the larger the required flow rate; the included angle between the spiral line direction of the inner spiral blade and the axis direction is 30-60 degrees; the included angle between the tangential direction of the spiral line at the top end of the inner spiral blade and the axis is 15-30 degrees, so that the gas-solid two-phase flow entering the first channel can be fully rotated, and the separation efficiency of large particles is increased.

The efficient separator based on the built-in channel is characterized by comprising the following steps: the gas-solid two-phase flow flows through the guide vanes from the inlet and rotates to form vortex, particles with larger particle size are separated and enter the second channel, and the rest particles enter the first channel along with the gas-solid two-phase flow;

in the first channel, particles with larger particle sizes are separated along with gas-solid two-phase flow through the inner spiral blades and are separated to the second channel through gaps of the umbrella annular blades; the large particles in the second channel continuously bounce to the outer wall surface of the outer barrel umbrella annular blade and finally settle to the solid phase outlet; the gas-solid two-phase flow passes through the umbrella ring-shaped blades and the inner spiral blades to obtain pure airflow and enters the exhaust pipeline.

Has the advantages that: the gas-solid two-phase flow enters the inlet of the separator, so that large particles are separated firstly and enter the second channel, and the gas-solid two-phase flow is prevented from being mixed into the gas-solid two-phase flow again and being carried into the exhaust pipeline; after the gas-solid two-phase flow entering the first channel fully rotates, large particles are separated to the second channel through the gaps of the umbrella annular blades, the separation efficiency of the large particles is increased, the separation efficiency of small particles is not influenced, and the secondary entrainment phenomenon of the separator is solved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high efficiency separator with built-in channels;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional top view of the separator;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an umbrella ring blade;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an inner helical blade;

number designation in the figures: 1 inlet, 2 guide vanes, 3 outer cylinders, 4 umbrella annular blades, 5 internal spiral blades, 6 exhaust pipelines, 7 second channels, 8 first channels and 9 solid phase extraction ports.

Detailed Description

As shown in figure 1, the high-efficiency separator with the built-in channel comprises an inlet 1, a guide vane 2, an umbrella annular blade 4 arranged in an outer cylinder 3, an inner spiral blade 5 arranged in the umbrella annular blade 4, an exhaust pipeline 6 positioned at the lower end of the inner spiral blade 5, a second channel 7 and a first channel 8 of gas-solid two-phase flow, a solid phase leading-out port 9 of solid particles, and a fixing rod piece which also comprises the exhaust pipeline 6, the umbrella annular blade 4 and the inner spiral blade 5.

The gas-solid two-phase flow enters an inlet 1 of the separator, flows through the guide vane 2 to form a rotational flow, part of large particles in the two-phase flow are separated firstly, and then enter a second channel 7; the remaining particles will enter the first channel 8 with the gas flow;

in the first channel 8, gas-solid two phases flow through the inner spiral blades 5 to continue rotating, particles with larger centrifugal force are separated, the particles are discharged out of the first channel 8 through gaps among the umbrella-shaped annular blades 4 and enter the second channel 7, and large particles are continuously discharged every time the particles pass through one umbrella-shaped annular blade 4;

in the second channel 7, the continuously separated large particles impact the wall surface of the outer cylinder 3, continuously rebound between the umbrella ring-shaped blades 4 and the wall surface of the outer cylinder 3, and finally settle to the solid phase outlet 9; the remaining pure fluid enters the exhaust duct 6.

The inner diameter, the outer diameter, the height, the number, the spacing and the inner and outer diameters of the annular blades of the umbrella can be properly adjusted according to the flow velocity of the gas-solid two-phase flow and the proportion of the solid phase in the gas flow, so that the separation efficiency of the separator is ensured, and large particles are prevented from being mixed into the gas flow due to secondary entrainment to meet the design requirement.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present patent, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present patent. Any equivalent changes and modifications that can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of this patent shall fall within the scope of this patent.