阅读说明：本技术 烟雾环境下脉冲激光引信后向散射特性评估方法 (Method for evaluating backscattering characteristics of pulse laser fuse in smoke environment ) 是由 陈慧敏 齐斌 马超 郭鹏宇 马云飞 高丽娟 杨尚贤 霍健 于 2021-01-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种烟雾环境下脉冲激光引信后向散射特性评估方法,属于激光引信技术领域。该评估方法实现的步骤包括：首先依次构建层次分析结构和权重判断矩阵,其次计算各层指标的层次权重值,然后对权重判断矩阵进行一致性检验和修正,再构建隶属度函数,最后构建权重向量和模糊评价矩阵,计算评估结果。本发明的评估方法能够结合烟雾环境参数和激光引信参数,对脉冲激光引信后向散射特性进行评估。(The invention discloses a method for evaluating backscattering characteristics of a pulse laser fuse in a smoke environment, and belongs to the technical field of laser fuses. The evaluation method comprises the following steps: firstly, a hierarchical analysis structure and a weight judgment matrix are sequentially constructed, secondly, the hierarchical weight value of each layer of index is calculated, then, the consistency check and the correction are carried out on the weight judgment matrix, then, a membership function is constructed, finally, a weight vector and a fuzzy evaluation matrix are constructed, and an evaluation result is calculated. The evaluation method can be used for evaluating the backscattering characteristic of the pulse laser fuse by combining the smoke environment parameter and the laser fuse parameter.)

1. The method for evaluating the backscattering characteristic of the pulse laser fuse in the smoke environment is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: constructing a hierarchical analysis structure;

step two: constructing a weight judgment matrix;

step three, calculating the level weight value of each layer of index;

step four: carrying out consistency check and correction on the weight judgment matrix;

step five, constructing a membership function;

step six, constructing a weight vector and a fuzzy evaluation matrix;

and step seven, calculating an evaluation result.

2. The method for evaluating the backscattering characteristics of the pulsed laser fuse in the smoke environment according to claim 1, wherein the step one of constructing the hierarchical analysis structure comprises the following steps: and analyzing the dependency relationship of all factors in the backscattering characteristic of the pulse laser fuse in the smoke environment, and dividing the decision target to form a hierarchical structure with certain hierarchy.

3. The method for evaluating the backscattering characteristics of the pulse laser fuse in the smoke environment according to claim 2, wherein the process of constructing the weight judgment matrix in the second step is as follows: in the system constructed in the step one, the importance of each factor contained in the same layer relative to the factor of the previous layer with the dependency relationship is compared pairwise, and a weight judgment matrix is constructed.

4. The method for evaluating the backscattering characteristics of the pulsed laser fuse in the smoke environment according to claim 3, wherein the weight value calculated in the third step is a relative weight of the lower layer element to the upper layer criterion, and the maximum eigenvalue λ of the judgment matrix P is obtained by calculating_maxAnd the characteristic vector omega corresponding to the maximum characteristic value, wherein the result after the characteristic vector normalization is the weight value.

5. The method for evaluating the backscattering characteristics of the pulsed laser fuse under the smoke environment as claimed in claim 4, wherein the calculation formula of the consistency D of the weight judgment matrix in the fourth step is as follows:

in the formula, n is the dimension of the matrix and is actually the number of indexes of the same matrix; lambda [ alpha ]_maxIs the maximum eigenvalue of the matrix.

When the index dimension is larger than 3, the correction formula of the consistency index is as follows:

in the formula, DR is a consistency ratio, S is a correction factor, when DR is less than 0.1, the matrix is considered to meet the consistency requirement, otherwise, the judgment matrix P needs to be adjusted and modified until the consistency requirement is met.

6. The method for evaluating the backscattering characteristics of the pulse laser fuse in the smoke environment according to claim 5, wherein in the fifth step, on the premise of distinguishing two different types of indexes, a trapezoidal fuzzy function is used for establishing a membership function for a quantitative index, and an expert scoring method is used for establishing the membership function for a qualitative index.

7. The method for evaluating the backscattering characteristics of the pulsed laser fuse in the smoke environment according to claim 6, wherein the process of constructing the weight vector and the fuzzy evaluation matrix in the sixth step comprises:

establishing fuzzy relation between each index and corresponding evaluation grade set by using a fuzzy evaluation method, obtaining a fuzzy evaluation vector reflecting the index capability for a single index, wherein the fuzzy evaluation vector set of the index capability under the same criterion is a fuzzy evaluation matrix R reflecting the criterion evaluation_iBy a weight vector omega under the criterion_iCarrying out fuzzy operation to obtain respective fuzzy evaluation sets, wherein the expression is as follows:

B_i＝ω_i·R_i (3)

in the formula, B_iAnd the fuzzy evaluation result of the ith criterion of the criterion layer is obtained.

For the target layer, fuzzy evaluation result B of the criterion is utilized_iCombining to obtain a mold closing fuzzy evaluation matrix R, and carrying out fuzzy operation on the mold closing fuzzy evaluation matrix R and the weight vector omega of the target layer to obtain a comprehensive fuzzy evaluation vector B, wherein the expression is as follows:

B＝ω·R (4)。

8. the method for evaluating the backscattering characteristics of the pulsed laser fuse in the smoke environment according to claim 7, wherein the calculation of the evaluation result in the seventh step is as follows: introducing a fraction set of C ═ C₁,c₂,…,c_m) Wherein c is_j(j ═ 1,2, …, m) represents the comment score of the j th level, the comment score is determined by the expert, the final evaluation result is represented by the comment score E, E is the final evaluation result, and the evaluation target can be evaluated by the score, the expression is as follows:

E＝B·C^T (5)。

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of laser fuses, and particularly relates to a method for evaluating backscattering characteristics of a pulse laser fuse in a smoke environment.

Background

The laser fuse is a weapon subsystem which utilizes laser to carry out short-range detection on a target and controls ammunition detonation in due time according to detected target information. The laser fuse has the advantages of strong anti-electromagnetic interference capability, high distance precision and the like, but when the laser fuse works in a smoke environment, laser is easily subjected to the scattering and absorption effects of aerosol particles, and the detection performance of the laser fuse is further influenced. Therefore, the method for evaluating the backscattering characteristic of the pulse laser fuse in the smoke environment is established, the detection performance of the laser fuse in the smoke environment can be quickly and accurately evaluated, and the method has important significance for the laser fuse to exert the optimal damage efficiency. The existing laser fuse smoke environment use evaluation method has the following defects: (1) only environmental parameters are considered, and a comprehensive evaluation result cannot be given by combining smoke environmental parameters and laser fuse parameters. (2) Only the evaluation of the use effect can be given, and the quantitative evaluation of the backscattering characteristics cannot be carried out.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the invention provides a method for evaluating backscattering characteristics of a pulse laser fuse in a smoke environment, which can evaluate backscattering characteristics of the pulse laser fuse by combining smoke environment parameters and pulse laser fuse parameters.

A method for evaluating backscattering characteristics of a pulse laser fuse in a smoke environment comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: constructing a hierarchical analysis structure;

step two: constructing a weight judgment matrix;

step three, calculating the level weight value of each layer of index;

step four: carrying out consistency check and correction on the weight judgment matrix;

step five, constructing a membership function;

step six, constructing a weight vector and a fuzzy evaluation matrix;

and step seven, calculating an evaluation result.

Further, the process of constructing the hierarchical analysis structure in the first step is as follows: and analyzing the dependency relationship of all factors in the backscattering characteristic of the pulse laser fuse in the smoke environment, and dividing the decision target to form a hierarchical structure with certain hierarchy.

Further, the process of constructing the weight judgment matrix in the second step is as follows: in the system constructed in the step one, the importance of each factor contained in the same layer relative to the factor of the previous layer with the dependency relationship is compared pairwise, and a weight judgment matrix is constructed.

Further, the weight value calculated in step three is the relative weight of the lower layer element to the upper layer criterion, and the maximum eigenvalue λ of the judgment matrix P is obtained_maxAnd the characteristic vector omega corresponding to the maximum characteristic value, wherein the result after the characteristic vector normalization is the weight value.

Further, the calculation formula of the consistency D of the weight determination matrix in the fourth step is:

in the formula, n is the dimension of the matrix and is actually the number of indexes of the same matrix; lambda [ alpha ]_maxIs the maximum eigenvalue of the matrix.

When the index dimension is larger than 3, the correction formula of the consistency index is as follows:

in the formula, DR is a consistency ratio, S is a correction factor, when DR is less than 0.1, the matrix is considered to meet the consistency requirement, otherwise, the judgment matrix P needs to be adjusted and modified until the consistency requirement is met.

Further, in the fifth step, on the premise of distinguishing two different types of indexes, a membership function is established for the quantitative index by using a trapezoidal fuzzy function, and a membership function is established for the qualitative index by using an expert scoring method.

Further, the process of constructing the weight vector and the fuzzy evaluation matrix in the sixth step includes:

establishing fuzzy relation between each index and corresponding evaluation grade set by using a fuzzy evaluation method, obtaining a fuzzy evaluation vector reflecting the index capability for a single index, wherein the fuzzy evaluation vector set of the index capability under the same criterion is a fuzzy evaluation matrix R reflecting the criterion evaluation_iBy a weight vector omega under the criterion_iCarrying out fuzzy operation to obtain respective fuzzy evaluation sets, wherein the expression is as follows:

B_i＝ω_i·R_i (3)

in the formula, B_iAnd the fuzzy evaluation result of the ith criterion of the criterion layer is obtained.

For the target layer, fuzzy evaluation result B of the criterion is utilized_iCombining to obtain a mold closing fuzzy evaluation matrix R, and carrying out fuzzy operation on the mold closing fuzzy evaluation matrix R and the weight vector omega of the target layer to obtain a comprehensive fuzzy evaluation vector B, wherein the expression is as follows:

B＝ω·R (4)。

further, the process of calculating the evaluation result in the seventh step is as follows: introducing a fraction set of C ═ C₁,c₂,…,c_m) Wherein c is_j(j ═ 1,2, …, m) represents the comment score of the j th level, the comment score is determined by the expert, the final evaluation result is represented by the comment score E, E is the final evaluation result, and the evaluation target can be evaluated by the score, the expression is as follows:

E＝B·C^T (5)。

has the advantages that:

1. aiming at the defects that the existing evaluation method only considers environmental parameters and fails to carry out qualitative and quantitative comprehensive evaluation on backscattering characteristics, the evaluation method of the invention guides the pulse laser under the environment influencing smokeThe analysis of key factors of the backward scattering characteristic of the fuse establishes an evaluation index system of the backward scattering characteristic of the pulse laser fuse in the smoke environment, and the evaluation system comprehensively considers the smoke environment index and the laser fuse index. In an evaluation index system, a membership function is constructed, and a factor U is established for quantitative indexes_iTo the judgment grade V_jThe membership function of the method determines the membership degree of qualitative indexes by adopting an expert scoring method, thereby realizing the comprehensive consideration of the quantitative indexes and the qualitative indexes.

2. On the basis of combining an analytic hierarchy process and a fuzzy evaluation method, the invention can evaluate the parameters of an index system through simple transformation, thereby realizing the rapid evaluation of the backscattering characteristics of the pulse laser fuse under different aerosol environments (such as cloud and dust).

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of steps of a method for evaluating backscattering characteristics of a pulsed laser fuse in a smoke environment;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of a hierarchical analysis structure of an evaluation index system;

FIG. 3 is a pulsed laser fuze backscattering characteristic evaluation index system in a smoke environment;

FIG. 4 is a graph of membership function.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The invention provides a method for evaluating backscattering characteristics of a pulse laser fuse in a smoke environment, which takes a certain test as an example, and a flow chart of evaluation steps is shown in figure 1.

In a certain test, a pulse laser fuse is set to emit pulse laser with the laser repetition frequency of 1kHz and the pulse width of 50ns, and the single pulse energy is 3 muJ. The detector is an EV2102-5 PIN integrated photoelectric detector, the diameter of a photosensitive surface is 2mm, and the responsivity is more than or equal to 1.0 multiplied by 10⁵V/W, the signal-to-noise ratio is experimentally determined to be 30 dB.

The smoke particle size used in the test was measured and analyzed using a LA-950 laser scattering particle size analyzer to obtain particles having a minimum particle size of 2.976 μm, a maximum particle size of 26.111 μm, and an average particle size of 9.340 μm. Taking the average particle diameter of 9.340 mum is used as the evaluation parameter value of the particle size distribution, and the smoke concentration in the test environment is 18.3g/m³The smoke thickness is 0.8m and the smoke distance is 1.0 m.

Step one, constructing a hierarchical analysis structure. The subordination relation of all factors in the backscattering characteristic of the pulse laser fuse in the smoke environment is analyzed, an evaluation index system of the backscattering characteristic of the pulse laser fuse in the smoke environment is built, and the hierarchical analysis structure of the evaluation index system is shown in fig. 2.

And step two, constructing a weight judgment matrix. Obtaining a standard layer U according to the pulse laser fuse backscattering characteristic evaluation index system in the smoke environment shown in FIG. 3_iWeight determination matrix P for target layer U₀，U_ijAlignment layer U_iIs determined by the weight determination matrix P₁、P₂、P₃。

And step three, calculating the level weight value of each layer of index.

Matrix P₀Maximum eigenvalue λ of_max3.0278, corresponding feature vector ω₀＝[0.7336,0.1892,0.0772]。

Matrix P₁Maximum eigenvalue λ of_max3.0649, corresponding feature vector ω₁＝[0.6491,0.2790,0.0719]。

Matrix P₂Maximum eigenvalue λ of_max3.0940, corresponding feature vector ω₂＝[0.7172,0.1947,0.0881]。

Matrix P₃Maximum eigenvalue λ of_max3.0536, corresponding feature vector ω₃＝[0.2176,0.0914,0.6910]。

Step four, carrying out consistency check and correction on the weight judgment matrix;

for matrix P₀And (3) carrying out consistency check: n is 3, D is 0.0139, and DR is 0.0240<0.1, meeting the requirement of consistency.

For matrix P₁And (3) carrying out consistency check: n is 3, D is 0.0324, and DR is 0.0559<0.1, meeting the requirement of consistency.

For matrix P₂And (3) carrying out consistency check: n is 3, D is 0.0470, DR is 0.0810<0.1, meeting the requirement of consistency.

For matrix P₃And (3) carrying out consistency check: n is 3, D is 0.0268, and DR is 0.0462<0.1, meeting the requirement of consistency.

And step five, constructing a membership function. For the quantitative indexes, because the types of the evaluation indexes are different, the evaluation modes of the merits are also different. The quantitative index is characterized by using a membership function, the invention adopts two trapezoidal fuzzy functions to establish the membership function, and the basic function graph is shown in figure 4. And determining the membership degree by adopting an expert scoring method when the qualitative index cannot be calculated through a function. Single factor U_iHas a fuzzy vector of R_i＝[r₁,r₂,…,r_m]Wherein r is_j＝X_ijX, X is the number of experts participating in the scoring, X_ijIs evaluated as a factor V_jThe number of times. The expert scored the qualitative index into the opinion table as shown in table 1.

The mathematical expression of the membership function is as follows:

TABLE 1 membership degree expert scoring table

The laser fuse data are extensively investigated and industry expert opinions are solicited, and the parameters related to the backscattering characteristics of the pulse laser fuse under the smoke environment are determined as shown in table 2:

TABLE 2 fuzzy evaluation criteria for each evaluation index

The values of the membership function parameters are shown in table 3:

TABLE 3 membership function parameter value-taking table

The index parameters of the evaluation cases are collated, as shown in table 4:

TABLE 4 backscattering characteristic index parameters of pulse laser fuze in smoke environment

And step six, constructing a weight vector and a fuzzy evaluation matrix.

Calculated by membership functions, pulsed laser guidance in smoke environmentsLayer U of criterion of backscatter properties_iThe blur vector of (2):

according to formula B_i＝ω_i·R_iObtaining a fuzzy evaluation result B of the criterion layer₁、B₂、B₃And constructing a target layer fuzzy evaluation matrix R by using the fuzzy evaluation matrix R.

B₁＝[0.0649 0.8632 0 0.0719 0] (16)

B₂＝[0 0 0.2439 0.0389 0.7172] (17)

B₃＝[0.2176 0.4003 0.3821 0 0] (18)

And step seven, calculating an evaluation result.

The vector B of the evaluation result of the pulse laser fuse backscattering characteristic target layer in the smoke environment is as follows:

B＝[0.0644 0.6641 0.0756 0.0601 0.1357] (20)

dividing comment grades: five stages (0 to 60), four stages (60 to 70), three stages (70 to 80), two stages (80 to 90), and one stages (90 to 100).

Taking the average value of each stage to form a fraction set:

C＝[30 65 75 85 95] (21)

the final scores of the backscattering characteristics of the pulsed laser fuze in smoke environment are as follows:

E＝B·C^T＝68.7748 (22)

the score falls within the fourth grade interval of the comment grade, so that the backscattering characteristic of the pulse laser fuse is poor under the smoke environment of the test.

In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.