阅读说明：本技术 一种无溶剂汽车内饰合成革的制备方法 (Preparation method of solvent-free automotive interior synthetic leather ) 是由 林曙杰 林芙蓉 陈炳琪 陈尚泰 陈瑞来 茅金彬 于 2021-01-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于合成革技术领域,具体涉及一种无溶剂汽车内饰合成革及其制备方法。步骤一：将配好的水性面层混合物进行上机生产涂刮得水性面层；步骤二：将A组分和B组分进行混合,搅拌得无溶剂底层混合物,涂刮到步骤1所得水性面层上去,烘干后贴合基布,贴合好基布后,进入烘箱中进行熟化,熟化烘干后进行剥离,得无溶剂汽车内饰合成革。本发明的有益效果在于：本发明所得无溶剂汽车内饰合成革的阻燃不在面层添加阻燃剂,因为面层添加了会影响到物性,是通过在粘结层添加三种复配而成的阻燃剂,保证合成革阻燃效果的同时,能够有效避免阻燃剂析出影响革面美观。(The invention belongs to the technical field of synthetic leather, and particularly relates to solvent-free automotive interior synthetic leather and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: the prepared water-based surface layer mixture is processed by machine production and is scraped to obtain a water-based surface layer; step two: and (2) mixing the component A and the component B, stirring to obtain a solvent-free bottom layer mixture, coating and scraping the solvent-free bottom layer mixture on the water-based surface layer obtained in the step (1), drying, attaching the base cloth, putting the base cloth into an oven for curing, drying, and peeling to obtain the solvent-free automotive interior synthetic leather. The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the solvent-free automotive interior synthetic leather, the flame retardant is not added in the surface layer, the physical properties of the leather are influenced due to the addition of the flame retardant in the surface layer, the flame retardant effect of the synthetic leather is ensured, and the phenomenon that the appearance of the leather surface is influenced due to the precipitation of the flame retardant can be effectively avoided.)

1. A preparation method of solvent-free automotive interior synthetic leather is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: the prepared water-based surface layer mixture is processed by machine production and is scraped to obtain a water-based surface layer;

the water-based surface layer mixture is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: aqueous polyurethane resin: 100 parts of (A); pigment: 5 parts of a mixture; defoaming agent: 0.2 part; leveling agent: 2 parts of (1); a hand feeling agent: 2.5 parts; thickening agent: 0.3-0.5 part; curing agent: 1.5 parts;

the preparation method of the aqueous surface layer mixture comprises the following steps:

step 11: stirring water-based resin, adding a defoaming agent, a pigment, a flatting agent and a hand feeling agent for fusion, uniformly dispersing, and then adding a thickening agent for viscosity adjustment, wherein the viscosity is adjusted to 2000-2500cps to obtain water-based ingredients;

step 12: placing the aqueous ingredients into a vacuum defoaming machine for defoaming and amine removal;

step 13: adding a curing agent and stirring to obtain a water-based surface layer mixture;

step two: mixing the component A and the component B, stirring to obtain a solvent-free bottom layer mixture, coating and scraping the solvent-free bottom layer mixture on the water-based surface layer obtained in the step 1, drying, attaching base cloth, curing in an oven after attaching the base cloth, curing, drying, and peeling to obtain the solvent-free automotive interior synthetic leather;

the component A is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: polyol: 100 parts of (A); 0.3-0.5 part of environment-friendly catalyst; a first flame retardant: 20 parts of (1); a second flame retardant: 30 parts of (1); a third flame retardant: 20 parts of (1); anti-yellowing agent: 5 parts of a mixture;

the preparation method of the component A comprises the following steps: adding polyol into an environment-friendly catalyst, stirring, adding a first flame retardant after uniformly stirring, adding a second flame retardant after fully dispersing, stirring again, adding a third flame retardant after stirring and dispersing, adding an anti-yellowing agent, and uniformly stirring and well dispersing to obtain a component A;

the polyol is produced by Zhejiang Huafeng synthetic resin, and has the trade mark of JF-NS-6038;

the environment-friendly catalyst is produced by Zhejiang Huafeng synthesis Limited company and has the trade mark of JF-NS-C228;

the first flame retardant is produced by Guangdong Yuxing flame-retardant new material GmbH, and is formed by mixing a flame retardant with the brand number of PN-X and magnesium hydroxide produced by Nantong Baokuaxiao chemical GmbH, wherein the mixing weight ratio is 1-3: 10;

the second flame retardant is produced by Jiaxing ice fire new material science and technology limited company, and is prepared by compounding and mixing a flame retardant with the brand number of SW-5702 and aluminum hydroxide of Nantong Baofenghua chemical limited company, wherein the weight ratio of the mixture is 1-2: 10;

the third flame retardant is a silicon flame retardant produced by American general company, and the mark is SFR-100;

the component B is an isopolyurethane.

2. The preparation method of the solvent-free automotive interior synthetic leather according to claim 1, wherein the step one of "processing the prepared aqueous surface layer mixture to produce the coated and scraped aqueous surface layer" comprises the following steps: performing machine production on the prepared water-based surface layer mixture, wherein the first coating gap is 10 seconds for coating and scraping, the drying time is 1.5 minutes at the temperature of a drying oven of 110 ℃, the second coating gap is 11 seconds at the temperature of 120 ℃, and the drying time is 2 minutes; obtaining the water-based surface layer.

3. The method for preparing the solvent-free automotive interior synthetic leather according to claim 1, wherein the step two of mixing the component A and the component B, stirring to obtain a solvent-free bottom layer mixture, coating and scraping the solvent-free bottom layer mixture on the water-based surface layer obtained in the step 1, drying, attaching the base cloth, curing in an oven, curing and drying, and peeling to obtain the solvent-free automotive interior synthetic leather specifically comprises the following steps:

and (2) mixing the component A and the component B, stirring to obtain a solvent-free bottom layer mixture, coating and scraping the solvent-free bottom layer mixture on the water-based surface layer obtained in the step (1) by using a gap of 30 seconds, drying, then attaching base cloth, drying for 1 minute at the temperature of 120 ℃, putting the base cloth into a 130-DEG oven for curing, curing and drying, and then stripping to obtain the solvent-free automotive interior synthetic leather.

4. The preparation method of the solvent-free automotive interior synthetic leather according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the aqueous surface layer mixture in the first step is specifically as follows:

step 11: stirring 100g of water-based resin at the rotating speed of 300rpm, then adding 0.2g of defoaming agent, 5g of pigment, 2g of flatting agent and 2.5g of hand feeling agent, fusing to uniformly disperse the resin, then adding 0.3g of thickening agent to adjust the viscosity, wherein the viscosity is adjusted to 2000-2500cps, and after the viscosity is adjusted, stirring at the rotating speed of 800rpm to disperse the pigment, so that the pigment is fully dispersed to obtain water-based ingredients;

step 12: placing the aqueous ingredients into a vacuum defoaming machine with negative pressure of 0.1MPA and temperature of 40 ℃ for defoaming and amine removal;

step 13: then, 1.5g of a curing agent was added thereto and stirred to obtain a water-based surface layer mixture.

5. The method for preparing the solvent-free automotive interior synthetic leather according to claim 1, wherein the anti-yellowing agent is produced by Sansheng group of hong Kong or Quanzhou Ke chemical Co., Ltd and has a brand number of UV-260; the component B is isopolyamino acid ester produced by Zhejiang Huafeng synthesis limited company, and the brand is JF-NS-6030B.

6. A solvent-free automotive interior synthetic leather produced by the method for producing a solvent-free automotive interior synthetic leather according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of synthetic leather, and particularly relates to solvent-free automotive interior synthetic leather and a preparation method thereof.

Background

With the current international requirements on safety and environmental protection of automotive interiors, including (smell, VOC, TVOC, flame retardation, atomization), environmental-friendly artificial leather synthetic leather is receiving more and more attention, wherein solvent-free polyurethane synthetic leather and waterborne polyurethane synthetic leather are the most concerned environmental-friendly polyurethane materials in recent years, and have the characteristics of environmental protection, no toxicity, excellent usability and the like, so that the synthetic leather becomes a popular research goal in the present stage.

At present, about 80 percent of flame retardants used for internationally modifying resin are halogen-containing flame retardants, wherein bromine and antimony are the most common, and the halogen-containing flame retardants have the advantages of high efficiency, small using amount, low cost, less influence on the performance of PVC and PU materials and wide application. Most of flame-retardant PU and PVC synthetic leather sold in the market at present are added with flame retardants containing antimony and bromine materials, part of bromine flame retardants generate toxic carcinogens (PBbD) and (PBDF) when being combusted, antimony flame retardants generate light-smoke heavy metals when being combusted, and a large amount of unpleasant odor can suffocate people to die. Both materials generate a large amount of smoke and corrosive gas during combustion, new environmental problems can be further generated, the current environmental protection and safety requirements cannot be met, and the materials are not good in adhesion with isocyanate. The simple addition of melamine, aluminum flame retardants, magnesium hydroxide and other environmentally friendly flame retardants has a flame retardant effect, but cannot meet the requirements of automotive interior materials.

The components of the waterborne polyurethane and the solvent-free polyurethane both contain ammonia, the ammonia is colorless and has strong pungent odor, and the ammonia has corrosion and stimulation effects on human bodies and skin tissues, has stimulation and corrosion effects on respiratory tracts of human bodies and weakens the resistance of human bodies to diseases. Therefore, a deammoniation treatment is required.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: provides a solvent-free automobile interior synthetic leather with good performance and a preparation method thereof.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: providing a preparation method of solvent-free automotive interior synthetic leather, wherein the solvent-free automotive interior synthetic leather comprises a water-based surface layer and a solvent-free bottom layer;

the preparation method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: the prepared water-based surface layer mixture is processed by machine production and is scraped to obtain a water-based surface layer;

the water-based surface layer mixture is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: aqueous polyurethane resin: 100 parts of (A); pigment: 5 parts of a mixture; defoaming agent: 0.2 part; leveling agent: 2 parts of (1); a hand feeling agent: 2.5 parts; thickening agent: 0.3-0.5 part; curing agent: 1.5 parts;

the preparation method of the aqueous surface layer mixture comprises the following steps:

step 11: stirring water-based resin, adding a defoaming agent, a pigment, a flatting agent and a hand feeling agent for fusion, uniformly dispersing, and then adding a thickening agent for viscosity adjustment, wherein the viscosity is adjusted to 2000-2500cps to obtain water-based ingredients;

step 12: placing the aqueous ingredients into a vacuum defoaming machine for defoaming and amine removal;

step 13: adding a curing agent and stirring to obtain a water-based surface layer mixture;

step two: mixing the component A and the component B, stirring to obtain a solvent-free bottom layer mixture, coating and scraping the solvent-free bottom layer mixture on the water-based surface layer obtained in the step 1, drying, attaching base cloth, curing in an oven after attaching the base cloth, curing, drying, and peeling to obtain the solvent-free automotive interior synthetic leather;

the component A is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: polyol: 100 parts of (A); 0.3-0.5 part of environment-friendly catalyst; a first flame retardant: 20 parts of (1); a second flame retardant: 30 parts of (1); a third flame retardant: 20 parts of (1); anti-yellowing agent: 5 parts of a mixture;

the preparation method of the component A comprises the following steps: adding polyol into an environment-friendly catalyst, stirring, adding a first flame retardant after uniformly stirring, adding a second flame retardant after fully dispersing, stirring again, adding a third flame retardant after stirring and dispersing, adding an anti-yellowing agent, and uniformly stirring and well dispersing to obtain a component A;

the polyol is produced by Zhejiang Huafeng synthetic resin, and has the trade mark of JF-NS-6038;

the environment-friendly catalyst is produced by Zhejiang Huafeng synthesis Limited company and has the trade mark of JF-NS-C228;

the first flame retardant is produced by Guangdong Yuxing flame-retardant new material GmbH, and is formed by mixing a flame retardant with the brand number of PN-X and magnesium hydroxide produced by Nantong Baokuaxiao chemical GmbH, wherein the mixing weight ratio is 1-3: 10;

the second flame retardant is produced by Jiaxing ice fire new material science and technology limited company, and is prepared by compounding and mixing a flame retardant with the brand number of SW-5702 and aluminum hydroxide of Nantong Baofenghua chemical limited company, wherein the weight ratio of the mixture is 1-2: 10;

the third flame retardant is a silicon flame retardant produced by American general company, and the mark is SFR-100;

the component B is an isopolyurethane.

Preferably, in the preparation method of the solvent-free synthetic leather for automotive interiors, the step one of "processing the prepared aqueous surface layer mixture on a machine to produce and coating and scraping the aqueous surface layer" includes: performing machine production on the prepared water-based surface layer mixture, wherein the first coating gap is 10 seconds for coating and scraping, the drying time is 1.5 minutes at the temperature of a drying oven of 110 ℃, the second coating gap is 11 seconds at the temperature of 120 ℃, and the drying time is 2 minutes; obtaining the water-based surface layer.

Preferably, in the above preparation method of the solvent-free synthetic leather for automotive interiors, the step two of mixing the component a and the component B, stirring to obtain a solvent-free bottom layer mixture, coating and scraping the solvent-free bottom layer mixture onto the aqueous surface layer obtained in the step 1, drying, attaching the base cloth, curing in an oven, curing and drying, and peeling to obtain the solvent-free synthetic leather for automotive interiors specifically comprises the following steps:

and (2) mixing the component A and the component B, stirring to obtain a solvent-free bottom layer mixture, coating and scraping the solvent-free bottom layer mixture on the water-based surface layer obtained in the step (1) by using a gap of 30 seconds, drying, then attaching base cloth, drying for 1 minute at the temperature of 120 ℃, putting the base cloth into a 130-DEG oven for curing, curing and drying, and then stripping to obtain the solvent-free automotive interior synthetic leather.

Preferably, in the preparation method of the solvent-free automotive interior synthetic leather, the "preparation method of the aqueous surface layer mixture" in the first step specifically includes:

step 11: stirring 100g of water-based resin at the rotating speed of 300rpm, then adding 0.2g of defoaming agent, 5g of pigment, 2g of flatting agent and 2.5g of hand feeling agent, fusing to uniformly disperse the resin, then adding 0.3g of thickening agent to adjust the viscosity, wherein the viscosity is adjusted to 2000-2500cps, and after the viscosity is adjusted, stirring at the rotating speed of 800rpm to disperse the pigment, so that the pigment is fully dispersed to obtain water-based ingredients;

step 12: placing the aqueous ingredients into a vacuum defoaming machine with negative pressure of 0.1MPA and temperature of 40 ℃ for defoaming and amine removal;

step 13: then, 1.5g of a curing agent was added thereto and stirred to obtain a water-based surface layer mixture.

Preferably, in the preparation method of the solvent-free automotive interior synthetic leather, the anti-yellowing agent is produced by Sansheng group of hong Kong or Quanzhou Ke chemical Co., Ltd, and the mark is UV-260; the component B is isopolyamino acid ester produced by Zhejiang Huafeng synthesis limited company, and the brand is JF-NS-6030B.

The invention provides another technical scheme for providing the solvent-free automotive interior synthetic leather prepared by the preparation method of the solvent-free automotive interior synthetic leather.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the solvent-free automotive interior synthetic leather provided by the invention considers that flame retardance is an important requirement on automotive leather, so that flame retardant is not added to a surface layer, physical properties can be influenced due to the addition of the flame retardant to the surface layer, three flame retardants compounded by adding the flame retardant to a bonding layer can be used for ensuring the flame retardant effect of the synthetic leather, and the influence of the separation of the flame retardant on the attractiveness of the leather surface can be effectively avoided; the synthetic leather prepared by the formula provided by the invention does not release gas during combustion, can effectively reduce smoke density by compounding with the second flame retardant, generates a smoke suppression effect, avoids smoke suffocation death, can be carbonized by the third flame retardant, and does not generate dust during combustion.

Detailed Description

In order to explain the technical content, the objects and the effects of the present invention in detail, the following description will be given with reference to the embodiments.

Example 1

A preparation method of solvent-free automotive interior synthetic leather comprises a water-based surface layer and a solvent-free bottom layer; the solvent-free bottom layer is formed by mixing the component A and the component B.

The preparation method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: performing machine production on the prepared water-based surface layer mixture, scraping the coating in a first coating interval of 10 seconds, drying for 1.5 minutes at a drying oven temperature of 110 ℃, drying for 2 minutes at a second coating interval of 11 seconds at a temperature of 120 ℃; obtaining a water-based surface layer;

the preparation method of the aqueous surface layer mixture comprises the following steps:

step 11: 100g of water-based resin is taken to be stirred at the rotating speed of 300rpm, then 0.2g of defoaming agent, 5g of pigment, 2g of flatting agent and 2.5g of hand feeling agent are added to be fused for uniform dispersion, then 0.3g of thickening agent is added for viscosity adjustment (the viscosity is adjusted to 2000-2500cps), and the stirring rotating speed can be increased to 800rpm for pigment dispersion after adjustment for full dispersion.

Step 12: placing the prepared water-based surface layer into a vacuum defoaming machine with negative pressure of 0.1 and temperature of 40 ℃ for secondary defoaming and amine removal (the first time is the defoaming in the process of making resin by a resin manufacturer);

step 13: measuring the viscosity of the water-based ingredient with good desolvation and ammonia removal, wherein the viscosity is 2500-3000 cps, and then adding 1.5g of curing agent for stirring, so that the water-based ingredient has good film forming property and improves the bonding strength with a solvent-free agent.

The aqueous polyurethane resin is obtained from Wanhua chemical group corporation8050；

The pigment is TSELR01 black of Suzhou brand science and technology limited;

the flatting agent is of Srocco8030F；

The hand feeling is Bx-758 of Shanghai Byixuan chemical industry Co., Ltd;

the defoaming agent is LW-5150 of Jiaxing Rong chemical technology Co., Ltd;

the thickener is VE31W of Wanhua chemical group GmbHU605；

The curing agent is of Wanhua chemical group, Inc166；

Step two: mixing the component A and the component B of 75g, stirring the mixture by a machine head to obtain a solvent-free bottom layer mixture, then coating and scraping the solvent-free bottom layer mixture on the water-based surface layer obtained in the step 1 at a gap of 30 seconds, drying the mixture to a semi-dry state (the state is that hands feel sticky when touching), the time is 1 minute and the temperature is 120 ℃, then adhering base cloth, adhering the base cloth, then putting the base cloth into an oven at the temperature of 130 ℃ for adhering and curing for 8 minutes to 9 minutes, cooling the base cloth after curing and drying, and then peeling the base cloth to obtain the solvent-free automotive interior synthetic leather.

The preparation method of the component A comprises the following steps: taking 100g of polyol, adding 0.3-0.5 g of environment-friendly catalyst, stirring at the rotation speed of 1500rpm, adding 20g of first flame retardant after uniformly stirring, stirring after fully dispersing, adding 30g of second flame retardant, stirring again, adjusting the rotation speed to 2000rmp, stirring and dispersing, then adding 20g of third flame retardant on the right, blending and stirring, adding 5g of anti-yellowing agent, uniformly stirring and dispersing, and finishing the process within about 30 minutes. Cooling the stirred material for 20 minutes to test the viscosity of the material, wherein the viscosity is 1500CPS-2000CPS, and obtaining a component A;

the polyol is a polyol which is produced by Zhejiang Huafeng synthetic resin Limited company, does not contain styrene or fluorine and meets the international environmental protection requirement, and the trade mark is JF-NS-6038;

the environment-friendly catalyst is produced by Zhejiang Huafeng synthesis Limited company and has the trade mark of JF-NS-C228;

the first flame retardant is produced by Guangdong Yuxing flame-retardant new material GmbH, and is formed by mixing a flame retardant with the brand number of PN-X and magnesium hydroxide produced by Nantong Baokuaxiao chemical GmbH, wherein the mixing weight ratio is 1-3: 10;

the second flame retardant is produced by Jiaxing ice fire new material science and technology limited company, and is prepared by compounding and mixing a flame retardant with the brand number of SW-5702 and aluminum hydroxide of Nantong Baofenghua chemical limited company, wherein the weight ratio of the mixture is 1-2: 10;

the third flame retardant is a silicon flame retardant produced by American general company, and the mark is SFR-100;

the anti-yellowing agent is produced by Sansheng group of hong Kong or Quanzhou Kexio chemical Co., Ltd and has the brand number of UV-260;

the component B is isopolyamino acid ester produced by Zhejiang Huafeng synthesis limited company, and the brand is JF-NS-6030B.

Effect comparison test:

1: the solvent-free automotive interior synthetic leather obtained in example 1;

2: is PVC automobile interior synthetic leather sold in the current market;

3: the Polyurethane (PU) automotive interior synthetic leather is commercially available in the current market;

the physical property pair ratios are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1

The environmental and safety performance pairs are shown in table 2.

TABLE 2

In conclusion, compared with the PVC and PU automobile leather on the market, the solvent-free automobile interior leather obtained by the invention has better performance in physical property, environmental protection and safety. The preparation method of the solvent-free automotive interior synthetic leather has the advantages of slightly high production cost and short production period, and is suitable for industrial production.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent modifications made by the present invention in the specification or directly or indirectly applied to the related technical field are included in the scope of the present invention.