阅读说明：本技术 一种中川208烤烟烟杆炭基生物有机肥及制备方法 (Carbon-based bio-organic fertilizer for stem of Zhongchuan 208 flue-cured tobacco and preparation method thereof ) 是由 辜运富 梁锦鹏 陈玉蓝 王勇 赵珂 向泉桔 张凌子 陈强 于 2021-02-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种中川208烤烟烟杆炭基生物有机肥及制备方法,该有机肥包括烟杆生物质炭、牛粪、油枯、腐熟微生物菌剂和促生型多功能菌剂,所述的烟杆生物质炭和牛粪的质量比为3:7,所述油枯的质量含量为2％,所述的腐熟微生物菌剂活菌数>2.5×10～9cfu/g,所述的促生型多功能菌剂活菌数>3.1×10～9cfu/g。本发明烤烟烟杆炭基生物有机肥可以改善烤烟的农艺性状,增强烟株抗病性,提高烤烟的产量和产值。(The invention discloses a Zhongchuan 208 flue-cured tobacco stem carbon-based bio-organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, the organic fertilizer comprises tobacco stem biomass carbon, cow dung, oil cake, a decomposed microbial agent and a growth-promoting multifunctional microbial agent, the mass ratio of the tobacco stem biomass carbon to the cow dung is 3:7, the mass content of the oil cake is 2%, and the viable count of the decomposed microbial agent is 2%>2.5×10 9 cfu/g, viable count of growth-promoting type multifunctional microbial inoculum>3.1×10 9 cfu/g. The carbon-based bio-organic fertilizer for the tobacco stems of the flue-cured tobaccos can improve the agronomic characters of the flue-cured tobaccos, enhance the disease resistance of tobacco plants and improve the yield and the output value of the flue-cured tobaccos.)

1. The carbon-based bio-organic fertilizer for the stem of the Zhongchuan 208 flue-cured tobacco is characterized by comprising biomass charcoal of the stem, cow dung, oil cake, a decomposed microbial agent and a growth-promoting multifunctional microbial agent, wherein the mass ratio of the biomass charcoal of the stem to the cow dung is 3:7, the mass content of the oil cake is 2%, and the viable count of the decomposed microbial agent is 2%>2.5×10⁹cfu/g, viable count of growth-promoting type multifunctional microbial inoculum>3.1×10⁹cfu/g。

2. The carbon-based bio-organic fertilizer for the stem of Zhongchuan 208 flue-cured tobacco according to claim 1, further comprising a special compound fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco and crude amino acids, wherein the mass content of the special compound fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco is 15%, and the mass content of the crude amino acids is 1.5%.

3. The carbon-based bio-organic fertilizer for stem of Zhongchuan 208 flue-cured tobacco according to claim 2, wherein N, P is contained in the special compound fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco₂O₅And K₂The percentage content ratio of O is 12:12: 25.

4. The carbon-based bio-organic fertilizer for Zhongchuan 208 cured tobacco stems as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the tobacco stem biomass charcoal is obtained by carbonizing the Zhongchuan 208 cured tobacco stems.

5. The carbon-based bio-organic fertilizer for stem of Zhongchuan 208 cured tobacco according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the decomposed microbial agent is a composite microbial agent of aspergillus niger and streptomyces globisporus, and the number of viable aspergillus niger>2.3×10⁸cfu/g, viable count of Streptomyces globisporus>5.5×10⁹cfu/g。

6. The carbon-based bio-organic fertilizer for stem of Zhongchuan 208 flue-cured tobacco according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the growth-promoting multifunctional microbial agent is a composite microbial agent of aspergillus niger, streptomyces darkochromogenes and bacillus lysii, and the number of the living aspergillus niger bacteria is>2.3×10⁸cfu/g, viable count of Streptomyces chromogenes>4.1×10⁹cfu/g, number of viable lysine bacillus>5.0×10⁹cfu/g。

7. The preparation method of the carbon-based bio-organic fertilizer for stem of Zhongchuan 208 flue-cured tobacco of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) putting the Zhongchuan 208 tobacco stems into a carbonization furnace to prepare biomass charcoal of the tobacco stems, wherein the carbonization temperature is 450 ℃ and the carbonization time is 2 hours;

2) dry-mixing the beef fly with water content of 45% and the obtained tobacco stalk biomass charcoal oil cake, adjusting the water content to 62%, and building piles;

3) culturing mature microbe and growth promoting multifunctional bacteria to logarithmic phase, mixing with clear water and diluting to make viable count per ml solution more than 10⁹A plurality of;

4) adding a decomposed microbial agent into the fermentation pile, and turning the pile at regular time until the compost is decomposed;

5) adjusting the water content to 30%, and adding a growth-promoting multifunctional microbial inoculum, a special compound fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco and crude amino acid to form the tobacco stem carbon-based multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of bio-organic fertilizers, and particularly relates to a carbon-based bio-organic fertilizer for Zhongchuan 208 flue-cured tobacco stems and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The carbon-based organic fertilizer takes biomass charcoal as a composting auxiliary material, converts waste straw biomass into biomass charcoal through traditional composting and returning to the field, belly passing and returning to the field and mechanical crushing and returning to the field, and is prepared by fermenting the biomass charcoal with wastes in the breeding industry. The carbon-based multifunctional biological organic fertilizer is a novel green high-efficiency fertilizer integrating five parts of multifunctional microbial inoculum, biomass charcoal, livestock and poultry manure, compound fertilizer and amino acid fertilizer, and plays an important role in promoting plant root development, optimizing crop structure, fertilizing soil fertility, regulating and controlling nutrient element conversion, improving fertilizer utilization rate, antagonizing soil-borne diseases, balancing environmental purification and ecological systems and the like. The tobacco stems are important byproducts widely existing in tobacco planting areas, and the tobacco stems are made into the carbon-based multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer, so that the resource utilization of the tobacco stems is facilitated, and the environmental pollution risk is reduced.

The carbon-based multifunctional biological organic fertilizer is characterized in that the core of the carbon-based multifunctional biological organic fertilizer is an efficient multifunctional microbial agent, the microbial agent is a special fermentation microbial agent which is prepared by a special process, contains live bacteria and is used for preparing the biological organic fertilizer, and the microbial agent has multiple functions of dissolving phosphorus and potassium, degrading cellulose, resisting diseases, promoting growth and the like, can stimulate and regulate the growth of crops, promotes the crops to absorb water, and simultaneously inoculates the microorganisms to widely grow at the rhizosphere of the crops to reduce or inhibit the survival and the propagation of harmful microorganisms. The multifunctional microorganism also plays a good role in relieving the continuous cropping obstacle of crops. Therefore, the application research of the microbial agents related to the tobacco fields is developed, the resource utilization of the tobacco field waste is facilitated, the green and efficient production of tobacco leaves is promoted, and the sustainable development of the agricultural production of the flue-cured tobacco is realized.

Zhongchuan 208 is a flue-cured tobacco new line which is guided by the tobacco research institute of Chinese agricultural academy of sciences, Sichuan companies of Chinese tobacco general company and Shanghai tobacco group Limited liability companies, aims at the current situation that leaf diseases such as virus diseases and climatic spot diseases of southern tobacco regions are aggravated year by year, takes high quality, yield and TMV resistance as main attack targets, takes the tobacco 103 in a male sterile homotypic MS of the tobacco 103 in a high-quality flue-cured tobacco variety as a female parent and takes the TMV and the weather-resistant spot disease-resistant flue-cured tobacco new line T136 as a male parent, and is bred through hybridization to have better compatibility of quality, economic and disease-resistant and stress-resistant properties, and is approved by the national tobacco variety approval committee in 12 months in 2018.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a carbon-based bio-organic fertilizer for stem of Zhongchuan 208 flue-cured tobacco and a preparation method thereof, so as to improve the agronomic characters of the flue-cured tobacco, enhance the disease resistance of tobacco plants and improve the yield and output value of the flue-cured tobacco.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the carbon-based bio-organic fertilizer comprises tobacco stem biomass charcoal, cow dung, oil cake, a decomposed microbial agent and a growth-promoting multifunctional microbial agent, wherein the mass ratio of the tobacco stem biomass charcoal to the cow dung is 3:7, the mass content of the oil cake is 2%, and the viable count of the decomposed microbial agent is 2%>2.5×10⁹cfu/g, the viable count of the growth-promoting type multifunctional microbial inoculum>3.1×10⁹cfu/g。

The tobacco stem biomass charcoal is obtained by carbonizing a cured tobacco stem of Zhongchuan 208 tobacco.

The carbon-based bio-organic fertilizer also comprises a special compound fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco and amino acid, wherein the mass content of the special compound fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco is 15%, and the mass content of the amino acid is 1.5%.

Furthermore, N, P in the special compound fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco₂O₅And K₂The percentage content ratio of O is 12:12: 25.

The number of viable bacteria in the carbon-based bio-organic fertilizer is more than 1 multiplied by 10⁸cfu/g。

The decomposed microbial agent is a composite microbial agent of aspergillus niger and streptomyces globisporus, wherein the number of the viable bacteria of aspergillus niger>2.3×10⁸cfu/g, viable count of Streptomyces globisporus>5.5×10⁹cfu/g。

The growth-promoting multifunctional microbial inoculum is a compound microbial inoculum of aspergillus niger, streptomyces darkens and lysine bacillus, and the compound microbial inoculum is blackNumber of viable Aspergillus>2.3×10⁸cfu/g, viable count of Streptomyces chromogenes>3.4×10⁹cfu/g, number of viable lysine bacillus>5.0×10⁹cfu/g。

Further, the Aspergillus niger SICU-33 with preservation number of CCTCC NO of M2019778 is preserved in China center for type culture collection in 2019, 10 months and 8 days; the Streptomyces globisporus is Streptomyces globisporus SCAU-1 with the preservation number of CCTCC NO of M2016577, and is preserved in the China center for type culture collection in 2016, 10 months and 18 days; the streptomyces darkcoloured chromogenes is streptomyces darkcoloured chromogenes (Streptomyces phaeochromogenes) SICAU417, the preservation number is CCTCC NO: M2018661, and the streptomyces darkcoloured chromogenes is preserved in China center for type culture collection in 2018, 10 months and 8 days; the lysine bacillus is Bacillus lysinate (SCAUI), the preservation number is CCTCC NO: M2016106, 2016 and 3 months and 11 days are preserved in China center for type culture Collection; the preservation addresses are as follows: eight roads 299 in Wuchang district of Wuhan city, Hubei province.

In another aspect of the present invention, a preparation method of the above-mentioned zhongchuan 208 flue-cured tobacco stem carbon-based bio-organic fertilizer is provided, which comprises the following steps:

1) putting the Zhongchuan 208 tobacco stems into a carbonization furnace to prepare biomass charcoal of the tobacco stems, wherein the carbonization temperature is 450 ℃ and the carbonization time is 2 hours;

2) dry-mixing the beef fly with water content of 45% and the obtained tobacco stalk biomass charcoal oil cake, adjusting the water content to 62%, and building piles;

3) culturing the decomposed microbial bacteria and growth promoting multifunctional bacteria to logarithmic phase, mixing with clear water and diluting to make viable count of more than 10 per ml solution⁹A plurality of;

4) adding a decomposed microbial agent into the fermentation pile, and turning the pile at regular time until the compost is decomposed;

5) adjusting the water content to 30%, and adding a growth-promoting multifunctional microbial inoculum, a special compound fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco and crude amino acid to form the tobacco stem carbon-based multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) is beneficial to the resource utilization of tobacco stem waste in rural areas and reduces environmental pollution.

2) The addition of the biomass charcoal can passivate the activity of heavy metals and antibiotics in the organic fertilizer, and reduce the environmental risk.

3) The addition of the compound microbial inoculum is beneficial to the conversion of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients of soil, the reduction of the application of chemical fertilizers, the improvement of plant rhizosphere micro-ecological conditions, the protection of soil quality and the increase of crop yield.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows the temperature change during the tobacco stem carbon-based organic fertilizer composting fermentation process;

FIG. 2 is a section of tobacco stem carbon-based organic fertilizer during composting fermentation;

FIG. 3 shows the total nitrogen content change during the tobacco stem carbon-based organic fertilizer composting fermentation process;

FIG. 4 shows the change of total phosphorus content in the tobacco stem carbon-based organic fertilizer composting fermentation process;

FIG. 5 shows the total potassium content change during the tobacco stem carbon-based organic fertilizer composting fermentation process;

FIG. 6 shows the content change of total nutrients in tobacco stem carbon-based organic fertilizer composting fermentation process;

FIG. 7 is the change of water content in the tobacco stem carbon-based organic fertilizer composting fermentation process;

FIG. 8 shows the change of water content in the tobacco stem carbon-based organic fertilizer composting fermentation process;

in the figure: NY is tobacco stem carbon-based organic fertilizer and decomposed microbial inoculum treatment, and CK is tobacco stem carbon-based organic fertilizer.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to specific embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1 carbon-based Bio-organic fertilizer

Preparation of tobacco stem biomass charcoal

1) The collected stem of the top tobacco leaves is harvested by the middle-chuan 208, the length of the stem is about 1.7 m, the diameter of the stem is about 4cm, the stem is naturally dried in the sun in the field, and the moldy part of the stem is removed.

2) The tobacco stem biomass charcoal is manufactured by taking the tobacco stem and putting the tobacco stem into a carbonization furnace for manufacturing the tobacco stem biomass charcoal, wherein the carbonization temperature is 450 ℃, and the carbonization time is 2 hours.

The basic physicochemical properties are: 91.25 percent of 2-0.02 mm particles, 6.86 percent of 0.02-0.002 mm particles,<0.002mm in 1.89%, pH10.55, and specific surface area 84.98m²The total carbon content is 758.4g/kg, the total nitrogen is 19.44g/kg, the quick-acting phosphorus is 392.15mg/kg, and the quick-acting potassium is 1025.2 mg/kg.

(II) compounding of tobacco stem biomass charcoal and cow dung

1) Cow dung of the yellow cattle in the southern mountains of Sichuan is collected (the nutrient content is: organic matter 14.4%, nitrogen 0.38%, phosphorus (P)₂O₅) 0.172%, potassium (K)₂O)0.136％]Naturally air-drying the cow dung until the water content is about 45 percent.

2) And (2) smashing the obtained dry cow dung into walnut, dry-mixing the walnut with the tobacco stalk biomass charcoal obtained in the step (I) according to the mass ratio of 7:3, adding 2% of oil cake after uniformly mixing, and adding water to adjust the water content of the mixed material to be about 62% for later stacking.

(III) preparation of decomposed and multifunctional microbial agent

1) Preparing raw materials, screening full wheat grains with golden color, removing impurities, and rinsing the wheat grains with clean water for 2-3 times;

2) seed production: soaking the wheat in lime water with the mass concentration of 1% for 10-20 hours the day before seed production, fishing out the wheat, cleaning the wheat with clear water, putting the wheat into a pot, boiling the wheat for 20-25 minutes, fishing out the wheat, and draining off water;

3) spreading wheat grains, airing to remove surface moisture, collecting the wheat grains when the wheat grains are not sticky, putting the wheat grains into 500ml polypropylene plastic bags, sealing each bag by using a rubber band, and then performing high-pressure damp-heat steam sterilization treatment (the sterilization pressure is 103kPa, the temperature is 121 ℃, and the time is 90min) to form a sterile culture medium environment;

4) respectively inoculating a rotten microbial agent and a liquid culture of a disease-resistant growth-promoting multifunctional strain into a sterilized wheat grain culture medium according to the proportion of 0.5% for culture;

5) culturing the strain to logarithmic phase, and mixing with clear water for dilution to make viable count of 10 or more per ml solution⁹And (4) respectively.

(IV) preparation of tobacco stem carbon-based multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer

1) And (3) preparing a compost organic fertilizer in Puwei town of Miyi county of Panzhihua in 3 months in 2020, and composting and decomposing 10 tons of the prepared mixture of the biomass charcoal of the tobacco stems, the cow dung and the oil cake, wherein the pile height is 1.5 meters, and the pile width is about 2 meters. And (3) adding a rotten microbial agent during pile building, turning the piles at proper time (the temperature reaches about 65 ℃) according to the temperature rise condition, and building the piles for 5 times until the compost is rotten (about 20 days).

2) Measuring the temperature of the compost every day in the compost fermentation process, taking the compost temperature rising to 65 ℃ as a reference to sample and analyzing the nutrient content of the compost sample.

3) Removing various impurities such as plastics and straws in the tobacco stem carbon-based organic fertilizer through a screening machine, adjusting the water content to about 30%, then adding the obtained growth-promoting multifunctional microbial inoculum into the tobacco stem carbon-based organic fertilizer according to the proportion of 1%, and simultaneously adding a local special compound fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco and crude amino acid (total amino acid 74.5%) to form the tobacco stem carbon-based multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer (component content: 15% of inorganic nutrient, 1.5% of amino acid, 36% of organic matter, pH6.8, 28% of water and 28% of viable bacteria number>1×10⁸cfu/g)。

Wherein the decomposed microbial agent is a composite microbial agent of Aspergillus niger (with a preservation number of CCTCCM2019778) and Streptomyces globisporus (with a preservation number of CCTCCM 2016577).

The growth-promoting multifunctional microbial inoculum is a composite microbial inoculum of aspergillus niger (with the preservation number of CCTCCM2019778), streptomyces darkochromogenes (with the preservation number of CCTCCM2018661) and bacillus lysinate (with the preservation number of CCTCCM2016106), and has multiple functions of dissolving phosphorus and dissolving potassium, producing cellulase, inhibiting plant pathogenic bacteria, producing a plant growth promoter (indoleacetic acid, IAA) and the like.

N, P special inorganic compound fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco₂O₅And K₂The percentage content ratio of O is 12:12:25, and the crude amino acid is purchased in the market.

Example 2 temperature Change during Stacking of tobacco-Stem carbon-based organic Fertilizer

The compost temperature change is an important physical index reflecting compost fermentation. Therefore, the temperature in the tobacco stem carbon-based compost fermentation process is monitored and measured, and the temperature of the compost is measured at about 9 am every day. The results of the assay are shown in the following figure (FIG. 1). As can be seen from fig. 1, after 8 days of the first heaping, the composting (NG) temperature reached more than 60 c, and thus the first turning and heaping work was performed. After that, pile-turning and pile-building treatments were carried out three times at intervals of 5 days, 4 days and 3 days, respectively, and the standard of each pile-turning was that the temperature of the pile was raised to 60 ℃. In addition, the temperature of the tobacco stem carbon-based compost to which the decomposing microbial inoculum is added is generally higher than that of the compost to which the decomposing microbial inoculum is not added, and the decomposing microbial inoculum is shown to be beneficial to improving the compost fermentation temperature and promoting the smooth progress of the compost fermentation.

When the pile is turned over, a layer of obvious white powder layer (figure 2) appears around 20cm of the pile, and a large amount of high-temperature actinomycetes are shown to be propagated at the position, which is a key point of temperature rise and successful fermentation of the tobacco stem carbon-based compost.

Example 3 nutrient Change during Stacking of carbon-based organic fertilizers

1) Content change of total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium

The change of the total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the composting process of the tobacco stem carbon-based organic fertilizer is shown in figures 3-5. As can be seen from fig. 3 to 5, in the composting process of the two composts, the total nitrogen, the phosphorus and the potassium are changed differently, and in general, the total nitrogen is reduced, but the total nitrogen is increased to a certain extent in the middle stage of composting and may grow in a large amount with microorganisms in the middle stage of composting, wherein part of the microorganisms have a nitrogen fixation effect; the total performance of the total phosphorus and the total potassium is stable, and although the middle period of the fermentation is increased to a certain extent, the content is gradually reduced along with the end of the fermentation. Compared with CK, the total phosphorus and potassium content of the compost is improved to a certain extent by adding bacteria for fermentation.

2) Variation of total nutrient (total nitrogen + total phosphorus + total potassium) content

The change of the total nutrient content of the tobacco stem carbon-based organic fertilizer compost in the composting process is shown in figure 6. It can be seen that the total nutrient of the different composts generally shows a decreasing trend throughout the fermentation process.

3) Variation of water content

The change in moisture content during composting is shown in figure 7. As can be seen from FIG. 7, the moisture content of different composts changes significantly during composting. In general, the moisture content of compost decreases as the compost becomes more thoroughly decomposed. The main reasons are that the microbial activity is increasingly vigorous, the water consumption is increased, the composting temperature is further increased, and the water loss is larger.

4) Variation of organic carbon content

The change of the organic carbon content of the compost in the tobacco stem carbon-based organic fertilizer compost composting process is shown in figure 8. It can be seen from figure 8 that the change in the organic carbon content of the compost is generally more stable, similar to the change in total nutrient, but still has a tendency to increase slightly during composting. The tobacco stem carbon-based organic fertilizer compost added with the decomposing microbial inoculum has higher organic carbon content than the tobacco stem carbon-based organic fertilizer compost without the decomposing microbial inoculum during the whole composting period.

Example 4 field application of tobacco stem charcoal-based multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer

The field is applied to the Puwei town of Miyi county, the Miyi county belongs to Panzhihua city of Sichuan province, is positioned in the southwest corner of Sichuan province, is positioned in the northeast of the Panzhihua city, is positioned in the intersection area of Anning river and Yashujiang, is positioned between 26 degrees 42 'to 27 degrees 10' in north latitude and 101 degrees 44 'to 102 degrees 15' in east longitude, and has climate of dry and hot valley three-dimensional climate taking southern subtropical zone as a base band. The method is clear in dry and rainy seasons but not clear in four seasons, the valley areas are not winter all the year round, are connected in autumn and spring, and can last for more than 5 months in summer, so that the method is a traditional high-quality tobacco production base in Sichuan and even China.

5C are set in the test, random block arrangement is adopted in the field, and each C comprises three repeated cells, which are 15 cells in total; 40 flue-cured tobaccos are planted in each cell, and 2 rows of tobacco plants applied with conventional base fertilizers are used as isolation zones or protection rows among the cells. The flue-cured tobacco variety is Zhongchuan 208.

C1: no fertilizer control treatment.

C2：

And (3) conventional fertilization control: the conventional cow dung organic fertilizer is applied according to 50 kg/mu, the flue-cured tobacco compound fertilizer is applied according to the dosage of 50 kg/mu as a base fertilizer and is fully and uniformly mixed with the pit soil, the flue-cured tobacco compound fertilizer (the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 4:11:33) is applied according to the dosage of 25 kg/mu, and specifically, within 20-25 days after transplanting, 500 kg of water is added into the 25 kg of flue-cured tobacco compound fertilizer to irrigate roots, and 5 pots are carried out for each plant.

C3：

Taking the carbon-based multifunctional biological organic fertilizer in an amount of 50 kg/mu and 50 kg/mu of flue-cured tobacco compound fertilizer as base fertilizer, fully stirring with pit soil, taking 20 kg/mu of flue-cured tobacco compound fertilizer (4:11:33) as additional fertilizer, and watering and irrigating roots (the water-fertilizer ratio is 1:25) within 20-25 days after tobacco seedlings are transplanted, wherein 5 pots are poured per plant.

C4：

Taking 50 kg/mu of carbon-based multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer and 45 kg/mu of flue-cured tobacco compound fertilizer (10% of fertilizer application) as base fertilizer, fully and uniformly stirring with pit soil, taking 20 kg/mu of flue-cured tobacco compound fertilizer (4:11:33) as additional fertilizer, and adding water to irrigate roots (the water-fertilizer ratio is 1:25) within 20-25 days after tobacco seedlings are transplanted, wherein 5 per plant is irrigated.

C5：

The carbon-based multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer according to the dosage of 50 kilograms per mu and 40 kilograms per mu of flue-cured tobacco compound fertilizer (the fertilizer is reduced by 20 percent) and is fully and uniformly mixed with pit soil, and then the flue-cured tobacco compound fertilizer (4:11:33) is used as an additional fertilizer to be added with water and irrigate roots (the water-fertilizer ratio is 1:25) within 20-25 days after the tobacco seedlings are transplanted, wherein 5 per plant is irrigated.

1) Agronomic traits of the Reunion stage

The growth conditions of the flue-cured tobaccos in the root growth period under the treatment of different tobacco stem carbon-based multifunctional biological organic fertilizers are shown in table 1. From table 1, it can be seen that the tobacco stem carbon-based multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer application treatment shows good effect. Compared with the treatment without fertilization C1 and the conventional fertilization C2, the application of the tobacco stem carbon-based multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer is beneficial to improving the agronomic characters of flue-cured tobacco, such as plant height, leaf number, leaf surface size, leaf color, luster, uniformity and the like; regarding the three treatments of applying the tobacco stem carbon-based multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer, indexes of the cured tobacco in the mass period under the treatment of C4 (namely, 10 percent less application of the special compound fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco) are superior to those of the other two treatments, and the tobacco stem carbon-based multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer has a better chemical fertilizer substitution effect.

TABLE 1 agronomic traits of cured tobacco in the agglomeration period under treatment of different tobacco stem carbon-based multifunctional bio-organic fertilizers

2) The agronomic performance of flue-cured tobacco in the mature period under the treatment of different tobacco stem carbon-based multifunctional bio-organic fertilizers is shown in table 2.

TABLE 2 agronomic traits of flue-cured tobacco in mature period under treatment of different tobacco stem carbon-based multifunctional bio-organic fertilizers

Table 2 shows that the treatment of the carbon-based multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer for different tobacco stems also has obvious influence on the agronomic characters of the cured tobacco in the mature period, and shows obvious promotion effect on the growth of the cured tobacco. In general, the agronomic character indexes of the flue-cured tobacco in the mature period under the treatment of C4 (namely, the reduced application of the special compound fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco is 10%) are all superior to those of other four treatments.

TABLE 3 comparison of the economic traits of the present invention with other fertilization treatments in Panzhihua Miyi county field trials

From the yield (Table 3), the C3-5 are all higher than the control C1-2, and the yield per mu is respectively increased by 8.35-15.7% and 1.55-8.44% compared with the yield per mu of the control C1 and the control C2. From the yield value, the yield per mu of C3, C4 and C5 is higher than that of the controls C1 and C2 and is respectively increased by 17.5 to 26.4 percent and 2.83 to 10.6 percent compared with that of the controls C1 and C2. Of the 5 different fertilization treatments, the yield and yield were highest at C4. From the different grades of tobacco leaf, the first grade of tobacco under the C4 treatment is the highest, and the second is C3.

In conclusion, when the zhongchuan 208 applies the tobacco stem carbon-based multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer developed in the project, the agronomic traits of the flue-cured tobacco can be improved to different degrees, the disease resistance of tobacco plants can be enhanced, and the yield and the output value of the flue-cured tobacco can be increased, wherein the effect is the best when the tobacco stem carbon-based multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer is applied in example 4.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.