阅读说明：本技术 喷射器和具备该喷射器的燃料电池系统 (Injector and fuel cell system provided with same ) 是由 手岛信贵 松末真明 于 2019-09-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种喷射器,喷射氢气(工作流体)的喷嘴包括内侧喷嘴(37)和外侧喷嘴(38),两喷嘴(37、38)以内包有扩散器(35)的轴线(L1)的方式配置,配置为内侧喷嘴(37)的轴线(L2)或外侧喷嘴(38)的轴线(L3)与轴线(L1)一致,在内侧喷嘴(37)形成有供氢气流动的内侧喷射孔(37a),在内侧喷嘴(37)与外侧喷嘴(38)之间设置有供氢气流动的截面呈环状的外侧喷射孔(38a),在水平地配置了主体壳体(30)时的外侧喷射孔(38a)包括位于比轴线(L1)靠上侧的位置的上侧孔部(38aa)和位于比轴线(L1)靠下侧的位置的下侧孔部(38ab),内侧喷嘴(37)和外侧喷嘴(38)以下侧孔部(38ab)比上侧孔部(38aa)窄的方式彼此偏心地配置。(A nozzle for injecting hydrogen (working fluid) includes an inner nozzle (37) and an outer nozzle (38), both the nozzles (37, 38) are arranged so that an axis (L1) of a diffuser (35) is enclosed therein, the axis (L2) of the inner nozzle (37) or the axis (L3) of the outer nozzle (38) coincides with the axis (L1), an inner injection hole (37a) through which hydrogen flows is formed in the inner nozzle (37), an outer injection hole (38a) having a ring-shaped cross section through which hydrogen flows is provided between the inner nozzle (37) and the outer nozzle (38), and the outer injection hole (38a) when a body case (30) is horizontally arranged includes an upper hole portion (38aa) located above the axis (L1) and a lower hole portion (38ab) located below the axis (L1), and the inner nozzle (37) and the outer nozzle (38) are arranged so that the lower hole portion (38) is narrower than the upper hole portion (38aa), and the inner nozzle (37) and the outer nozzle (38) are arranged so that the lower hole portion (38) is narrower than the upper This is eccentrically arranged.)

1. An injector, comprising:

comprises a main body shell in a tubular shape,

the main body shell is provided with:

a plurality of 1 st supply ports for receiving supply of the working fluid;

a 2 nd supply port for receiving supply of the target fluid;

a negative pressure generating chamber for generating a negative pressure with the working fluid;

a plurality of nozzles provided corresponding to the 1 st supply ports, respectively, and having tip end portions disposed in the negative pressure generation chamber, the plurality of nozzles ejecting the working fluid;

a diffuser communicating with the negative pressure generating chamber for the working fluid and the target fluid to flow; and

a discharge port for discharging the working fluid and the target fluid flowing in the diffuser to the outside,

the ejector is characterized in that the working fluid supplied to each of the 1 st supply ports and ejected from the corresponding nozzle generates a negative pressure in the negative pressure generation chamber, the target fluid is sucked from the 2 nd supply port into the negative pressure generation chamber by the negative pressure, the target fluid flows to the diffuser together with the working fluid, and is discharged from the discharge port,

the plurality of nozzles include an inner nozzle and at least one outer nozzle provided so as to enclose the inner nozzle, the inner nozzle and the outer nozzle are arranged so as to enclose a diffuser axis that is an axis of the diffuser, an axis of the inner nozzle or an axis of the outer nozzle is arranged so as to coincide with the diffuser axis,

an inner injection hole through which the working fluid flows is formed in the inner nozzle, an outer injection hole having an annular cross section through which the working fluid flows is provided between the inner nozzle and the outer nozzle, the outer injection hole when the main body housing is horizontally arranged such that the diffuser axis is horizontal includes an upper hole portion located above the diffuser axis and a lower hole portion located below the diffuser axis, and the inner nozzle and the outer nozzle are eccentrically arranged with respect to each other such that the lower hole portion is narrower than the upper hole portion.

2. The injector of claim 1,

each of the 1 st supply ports is disposed above the main body case when the main body case is disposed horizontally.

3. The injector of claim 1 or 2,

a fluid flow path including the diffuser through which the working fluid and the target fluid flow is provided between the negative pressure generation chamber and the discharge port with respect to the main body case,

a warm fluid flow path for flowing a predetermined warm fluid is provided around the fluid flow path.

4. The injector of claim 3,

the section of the warm fluid flow path in the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction thereof is annular,

the main body casing is provided with a warm fluid inlet for introducing the warm fluid into the warm fluid flow path on one end side in the longitudinal direction of the warm fluid flow path, and is provided with a warm fluid outlet for discharging the warm fluid from the warm fluid flow path on the other end side in the longitudinal direction of the warm fluid flow path, and the warm fluid introduced from the warm fluid inlet flows in a spiral shape in the warm fluid flow path and is discharged from the warm fluid outlet,

the warm fluid inlet and the warm fluid outlet are arranged so as to face a tangential direction of an annular cross section of the warm fluid flow path, and at least one of the warm fluid inlet and the warm fluid outlet is opened upward.

5. The injector of claim 3,

the main body casing comprises an outer casing and an inner casing assembled at the inner side of the outer casing,

the outer case is provided with the 1 st supply port and the 2 nd supply port, the inner case is provided with the inner nozzle, the outer nozzle, the negative pressure generation chamber, the fluid flow path, and the discharge port,

a warm fluid flow path for flowing a predetermined warm fluid is provided between the outer case and the inner case and around the fluid flow path,

a plurality of seal members are provided between the outer casing and the inner casing and between the 2 nd supply port and the warm fluid flow path so as to be adjacent to each other with a gap therebetween,

the outer case is provided with a discharge port for discharging fluid to the outside so as to correspond to the gap between the plurality of seal members.

6. The injector of claim 1,

the main body case is provided with the negative pressure generating chamber on one end side in the longitudinal direction thereof, and is formed with a hollow for housing the inner nozzle and the outer nozzle,

the hollow portion includes a space not accommodating the inner nozzle and the outer nozzle, the 1 st supply port communicates with the space, and a plug or a projection is fitted into the space to reduce a volume of the space.

7. A fuel cell system, characterized in that,

the fuel cell system is provided with the ejector according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and is provided with:

a fuel cell that generates electric power by receiving supply of a fuel gas and an oxidant gas;

a fuel supply passage for supplying a fuel gas to the fuel cell; and

a fuel circulation passage for circulating the fuel off-gas discharged from the fuel cell to the fuel supply passage,

the injector is provided at a connection portion between the fuel supply passage and the fuel circulation passage.

8. The fuel cell system according to claim 7,

the fuel cell system further includes a gas-liquid separator provided upstream of the injector in the fuel circulation passage and configured to separate gas and liquid,

the ejector is disposed below the fuel cell in a vertical direction and above the gas-liquid separator in the vertical direction,

the ejector is inclined such that a side of the ejector where the 1 st supply port and the 2 nd supply port are provided is disposed at a position lower than a side of the ejector where the discharge port is provided in a vertical direction,

the 2 nd supply port is disposed on the lower side of the ejector in the vertical direction,

the fuel circulation passage extending from the gas-liquid separator is connected to the 2 nd supply port from a lower side in the vertical direction of the injector.

Technical Field

The technology disclosed in the present specification relates to an injector configured as follows and a fuel cell system including the injector: the negative pressure is generated by flowing the working fluid, and the target fluid is caused to flow by the action of the negative pressure.

Background

Conventionally, as such a technique, for example, a fuel cell system and an injector used in the fuel cell system described in patent document 1 below are known. The ejector is provided with: a nozzle portion that receives a supply of hydrogen gas as a working fluid; and a mixing channel section disposed downstream of the nozzle section in relation to the flow of the hydrogen gas. The ejector sucks hydrogen off-gas as a target fluid by negative pressure generated by hydrogen gas injected from the nozzle portion, and sends a mixed gas of the injected hydrogen gas and the sucked hydrogen off-gas through the mixing flow path portion. The nozzle portion of the injector has two injection holes that inject hydrogen gas, which are open toward the throat (diffuser) of the mixing flow path portion. The axes of the two injection holes are offset from the axis of the diffuser, and the respective opening diameters are equal.

Documents of the prior art

Patent document

Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2018-60757

Disclosure of Invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

However, in the injector described in patent document 1, since the axes of the two injection holes are arranged offset from the axis of the diffuser, the flow of the hydrogen gas does not become an ideal flow in the diffuser, and a loss of the flow occurs, which may reduce the suction efficiency of the hydrogen off-gas. In this injector, when the cold hydrogen gas injected from the injection hole merges with the warm hydrogen off-gas taken in, there is a possibility that moisture contained in the hydrogen off-gas condenses, enters the injection hole, and stays in the injection hole. In this case, the dew condensation water may disturb the injection of the hydrogen gas from the injection hole. In addition, in a low-temperature environment, the condensed water may freeze in the injection hole, and may inhibit the injection of the hydrogen gas from the injection hole.

The disclosed technology has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an injector and a fuel cell system including the injector, the injector including: the working fluid ejected from a plurality of nozzles into a negative pressure generating chamber and the target fluid sucked into the negative pressure generating chamber are mixed uniformly and well, and dew condensation water can be effectively discharged from the ejection holes of the nozzles to suppress disturbance of the ejection of the working fluid.

Means for solving the problems

(1) In order to achieve the above object, one aspect of the present disclosure is an injector configured to: the device is provided with a tubular main body shell, wherein the main body shell is provided with: a plurality of 1 st supply ports for receiving supply of the working fluid; a 2 nd supply port for receiving supply of the target fluid; a negative pressure generating chamber for generating a negative pressure with the working fluid; a plurality of nozzles provided corresponding to the 1 st supply ports, respectively, and having tip end portions disposed in the negative pressure generating chamber, the plurality of nozzles ejecting the working fluid; a diffuser communicating with the negative pressure generating chamber for the working fluid and the target fluid to flow; and a discharge port for discharging the working fluid and the target fluid flowing through the diffuser to the outside, the negative pressure generating chamber generating a negative pressure by the working fluid supplied to each 1 st supply port and ejected from the corresponding nozzle, the target fluid being sucked from the 2 nd supply port into the negative pressure generating chamber by the negative pressure, the target fluid flowing to the diffuser together with the working fluid and being discharged from the discharge port, the ejector being characterized in that the plurality of nozzles include an inner nozzle and at least one outer nozzle provided so as to enclose the inner nozzle, the inner nozzle and the outer nozzle being arranged so as to enclose a diffuser axis as an axis of the diffuser, the axis of the inner nozzle or the axis of the outer nozzle being arranged so as to coincide with the diffuser axis, the inner nozzle being formed with an inner injection hole through which the working fluid flows, and an outer injection hole having a ring-shaped cross section through which the working fluid flows being provided between the inner nozzle and the outer nozzle, the outer injection hole when the main body casing is horizontally arranged with the diffuser axis horizontal includes an upper hole located above the diffuser axis and a lower hole located below the diffuser axis, and the inner nozzle and the outer nozzle are eccentrically arranged with each other such that the lower hole is narrower than the upper hole.

According to the configuration of the above (1), the working fluid supplied to each 1 st supply port flows into the inner nozzle and the outer nozzle, is ejected from the inner injection hole and the outer injection hole into the negative pressure generation chamber, flows through the diffuser, and is discharged from the discharge port. A negative pressure is generated in the negative pressure generation chamber due to the flow of the working fluid, and the target fluid supplied to the 2 nd supply port is sucked into the decompression chamber due to the negative pressure, flows in the diffuser together with the working fluid, is mixed with the working fluid, and is discharged from the discharge port. The inner nozzle and the outer nozzle are arranged so as to enclose the axis of the diffuser, and the axis of the inner nozzle or the axis of the outer nozzle is arranged so as to coincide with the axis of the diffuser. Therefore, the working fluid injected from the inner nozzle or the outer nozzle flows toward the diffuser so as to be aligned with the axis of the diffuser, and the target fluid sucked into the negative pressure generation chamber flows toward the diffuser so as to be encapsulated with the working fluid. Further, an inner injection hole through which the working fluid flows is formed in the inner nozzle, and an outer injection hole having an annular cross section through which the working fluid flows is formed between the inner nozzle and the outer nozzle. The outer injection hole includes an upper hole and a lower hole, and the inner nozzle and the outer nozzle are eccentrically arranged so that the lower hole is narrower than the upper hole. Thus, at the outer injection hole, the flow of the working fluid is relatively fast at the narrower lower hole portion, and dew condensation water generated at the outer injection hole is collected to the lower hole portion due to gravity, and is liable to be blown together with the working fluid at high speed toward the decompression chamber.

(2) In order to achieve the above object, in the configuration of the above (1), it is preferable that each 1 st supply port is disposed above the main body casing when the main body casing is horizontally disposed.

According to the configuration of the above (2), in addition to the function of the configuration of the above (1), the working fluid supplied to each 1 st supply port flows vertically downward from the upper side of the main body casing toward the inner nozzle and the outer nozzle. Therefore, the working fluid flowing to the outer injection hole of the outer nozzle in particular tends to flow toward the lower hole in a large amount, and the dew condensation water collected in the lower hole tends to be blown together with the working fluid toward the decompression chamber at a higher speed.

(3) In order to achieve the above object, in the structure of the above (1) or (2), it is preferable that a fluid flow path through which the working fluid and the target fluid flow and which includes a diffuser is provided between the negative pressure generation chamber and the discharge port is provided in the main body casing, and a warm fluid flow path through which a predetermined warm fluid flows is provided around the fluid flow path.

According to the structure of the above item (3), in addition to the function of the structure of the above item (1) or (2), the fluid flow path is heated by flowing the warm fluid through the warm fluid flow path, and the inner wall of the fluid flow path is less likely to be lowered to the dew point temperature.

(4) In order to achieve the above object, in the configuration of the above (3), it is preferable that a cross section of the warm fluid flow path in a direction orthogonal to a longitudinal direction thereof is annular, a warm fluid inlet for introducing the warm fluid into the warm fluid flow path is provided on one end side of the warm fluid flow path in the longitudinal direction of the main body case, a warm fluid outlet for discharging the warm fluid from the warm fluid flow path is provided on the other end side of the warm fluid flow path in the longitudinal direction, the warm fluid introduced from the warm fluid inlet flows in the warm fluid flow path in a spiral shape and is discharged from the warm fluid outlet, the warm fluid inlet and the warm fluid outlet are disposed so as to face a tangential direction of the annular cross section of the warm fluid flow path, and at least one of the warm fluid inlet and the warm fluid outlet is opened upward.

According to the configuration of the above (4), in addition to the function of the configuration of the above (3), the section of the warm fluid flow path has an annular shape, and the main body case is provided with the warm fluid inlet for introducing the warm fluid at one end side in the longitudinal direction of the warm fluid flow path and the warm fluid outlet for discharging the warm fluid at the other end side in the longitudinal direction. The warm fluid introduced from the warm fluid inlet flows in a spiral shape in the warm fluid flow path and is discharged from the warm fluid outlet. Thus, the entire fluid flow path extending along the axis of the diffuser is uniformly warmed by the warm fluid flowing spirally therearound. The warm fluid inlet and the warm fluid outlet are disposed so as to face a tangential direction of the annular cross section of the warm fluid flow path. Therefore, the warm fluid is easily introduced from the warm fluid inlet to the warm fluid flow path, and the warm fluid is easily discharged from the warm fluid flow path to the warm fluid outlet. Further, since at least one of the warm fluid inlet and the warm fluid outlet is open upward, air mixed in the warm fluid flow path is likely to escape to the outside from at least one of the warm fluid inlet and the warm fluid outlet.

(5) In order to achieve the above object, in the configuration of the above (3), it is preferable that the main body casing includes an outer casing and an inner casing assembled inside the outer casing, the outer casing is provided with the 1 st supply port and the 2 nd supply port, the inner casing is provided with an inner nozzle, an outer nozzle, a negative pressure generation chamber, a fluid flow path, and a discharge port, the warm fluid flow path for flowing a predetermined warm fluid is provided between the outer casing and the inner casing and around the fluid flow path, a plurality of seal members are provided adjacently between the outer casing and the inner casing and between the 2 nd supply port and the warm fluid flow path so as to separate a gap, and the outer casing is provided with a discharge port for discharging the fluid to the outside so as to correspond to the gap between the plurality of seal members.

According to the configuration of the above (5), in addition to the function of the configuration of the above (3), the main body casing is configured by assembling the inner casing inside the outer casing, and the warm fluid flow passage is provided between the outer casing and the inner casing and around the fluid flow passage at the same time as the assembly. Further, a plurality of seal members are provided between the outer case and the inner case, and between the 2 nd supply port and the warm fluid flow path, adjacently with a gap therebetween. Further, the outer case is provided with a discharge port so as to correspond to a gap between the plurality of seal members. Therefore, even if the working fluid leaks from the 2 nd supply port to the warm fluid flow path in an attempt to escape from the seal member, or the warm fluid leaks from the warm fluid flow path to the 2 nd supply port in an attempt to escape from the seal member, the working fluid or the warm fluid is discharged to the outside through the discharge port.

(6) In order to achieve the above object, in the structure of the above (1), it is preferable that a decompression chamber (negative pressure generating chamber) is provided in the main body casing on one end side in the longitudinal direction thereof, and a hollow for housing the inner nozzle and the outer nozzle is formed, the hollow includes a space in which the inner nozzle and the outer nozzle are not housed, the 1 st supply port communicates with the space, and a plug or a projection is fitted in the space to reduce the volume of the space.

According to the structure of the above item (6), in addition to the function of the structure of the above item (1), the plug or the projection is fitted into the space not accommodating each nozzle, and the volume of the space is reduced. Therefore, the pressure reduction of the hydrogen gas introduced into the space from the 1 st supply port is suppressed.

(7) In order to achieve the above object, another aspect of the disclosed technology is a fuel cell system including the injector according to any one of (1) to (6), including: a fuel cell that generates electric power by receiving supply of a fuel gas and an oxidant gas; a fuel supply passage for supplying a fuel gas to the fuel cell; and a fuel circulation passage for circulating the fuel off-gas discharged from the fuel cell to the fuel supply passage, the injector being provided at a connection portion between the fuel supply passage and the fuel circulation passage.

In terms of the characteristics of the fuel cell system, since the dew condensation water is highly likely to adhere to the injection hole formed in the injector, the configuration of (7) above is particularly preferable.

(8) In order to achieve the above object, in the configuration of the above (7), it is preferable that the fuel cell system further includes a gas-liquid separator provided upstream of the injector in the fuel circulation passage for separating gas and liquid, the injector is disposed at a lower side in a vertical direction than the fuel cell and at an upper side in the vertical direction than the gas-liquid separator, the injector is inclined such that a side of the injector where the 1 st supply port and the 2 nd supply port are provided is disposed at a lower side in the vertical direction than a side of the injector where the discharge port is provided, the 2 nd supply port is disposed at a lower side in the vertical direction of the injector, and the fuel circulation passage extending from the gas-liquid separator is connected to the 2 nd supply port from the lower side in the vertical direction of the injector.

According to the configuration of the above (8), in addition to the operation of any one of the configurations of the above (1) to (5), the injector is disposed at a position lower than the fuel cell in the vertical direction and at a position upper than the gas-liquid separator in the vertical direction with respect to the fuel cell system. The injector is inclined such that a 1 st end portion including the 1 st supply port and the 2 nd supply port is disposed below a 2 nd end portion including the discharge port in the vertical direction. The 2 nd supply port is disposed below the injector in the vertical direction, and the fuel circulation passage extending from the gas-liquid separator is connected to the 2 nd supply port from below the injector in the vertical direction. Therefore, even if dew condensation water generated in the fuel cell flows into the injector through the fuel supply passage or even if dew condensation water is generated in the injector, the dew condensation water flows from the decompression chamber to the 2 nd supply port by the inclination of the injector and further flows into the gas-liquid separator through the fuel circulation passage.

ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION

According to the configuration of the above (1), the working fluid injected into the decompression chamber from the inner nozzle or the outer nozzle and the target fluid sucked into the decompression chamber can be uniformly and satisfactorily mixed, and in particular, the dew condensation water can be effectively discharged from the outer injection hole of the outer nozzle, and the disturbance of the injection of the working fluid due to the dew condensation water can be suppressed.

According to the configuration of the above (2), in comparison with the effect of the configuration of the above (1), dew condensation water can be more effectively discharged from the outer injection hole of the outer nozzle, and disturbance of injection of the working fluid due to dew condensation water can be more reliably suppressed.

According to the configuration of the above (3), in addition to the effects of the configuration of the above (1) or (2), generation of dew condensation water in the fluid flow path and freezing of dew condensation water can be suppressed.

According to the configuration of the above (4), in addition to the effect of the configuration of the above (3), the flow velocity of the hot water in the hot water flow path can be increased, and the effect of heating the fluid flow path by the hot water can be increased. In addition, air can be made less likely to accumulate in the hot water flow path, which means that the heating effect of the fluid flow path by the hot water can be ensured.

According to the configuration of the above (5), in addition to the effect of the configuration of the above (3), the hot water flow passage can be relatively easily formed in the ejector, and the working fluid can be prevented from being mixed into the hot water flowing through the hot water flow passage or the target fluid supplied to the 2 nd supply port.

According to the configuration of the above (6), in addition to the effect of the configuration of the above (1), the working fluid whose pressure reduction is suppressed can be supplied to the inner nozzle, the flow velocity of the working fluid at the inner jet hole of the inner nozzle can be increased, and the effect of discharging dew condensation water at the inner jet hole can be further improved.

According to the configuration of the above (7), the fuel cell system can obtain the same effects as those of any one of the configurations of the above (1) to (6).

According to the configuration of the above (8), in addition to the effect of the configuration of the above (7), dew condensation water generated in the fuel cell or the ejector can be discharged to the gas-liquid separator, and separation processing can be performed in the gas-liquid separator.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a fuel cell system according to embodiment 1.

Fig. 2 relates to embodiment 1, and is a main sectional view showing an injector.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 2 showing the inner nozzle and the outer nozzle according to embodiment 1.

Fig. 4 is a front sectional view showing the main body case in an exploded manner into an outer case and an inner case according to embodiment 1.

Fig. 5 is a main sectional view of the injector showing the flow of hydrogen gas supplied to one 1 st supply port and the flow of hydrogen off-gas supplied to the 2 nd supply port, according to embodiment 1.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a portion of the ejector of fig. 5 surrounded by a double-dotted line, according to embodiment 1.

Fig. 7 is a main sectional view of the injector showing the flow of hydrogen gas supplied to another 1 st supply port and the flow of hydrogen off-gas supplied to a 2 nd supply port according to embodiment 1.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a portion surrounded by a double-dotted line of the ejector of fig. 7, relating to embodiment 1.

Fig. 9 is a main sectional view of the ejector according to embodiment 1, showing the flow of hot water (indicated by thick line arrows) introduced into the hot water inlet.

Fig. 10 relates to embodiment 2, and is a cross-sectional view showing the ejector cut along a plane orthogonal to the axis of the diffuser in the middle of the gas flow passage and the hot water flow passage.

Fig. 11 relates to embodiment 2, and is a cross-sectional view showing the ejector cut along a plane orthogonal to the axis of the diffuser in the middle of the gas flow passage and the hot water flow passage.

Fig. 12 relates to embodiment 3, and is a main sectional view according to fig. 2 showing an injector.

Fig. 13 relates to embodiment 3, and is a schematic diagram showing a relationship among the arrangement of the fuel cell, the ejector, and the gas-liquid separator in the fuel cell system.

Fig. 14 relates to embodiment 4, and is a main sectional view according to fig. 2 showing an injector.

Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view according to fig. 3 showing an inner nozzle and an outer nozzle according to another embodiment.

Detailed Description

< embodiment 1 >

Hereinafter, embodiment 1 in which an injector and a fuel cell system including the injector are embodied will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[ outline of the Fuel cell System ]

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a fuel cell system according to this embodiment. The fuel cell system is mounted on an electric vehicle and used to supply electric power to a drive motor (not shown) of the electric vehicle. The fuel cell system is provided with a Fuel Cell (FC) 1. The fuel cell 1 receives the supply of hydrogen gas (as fuel gas) and air (as oxidant gas) to generate electricity. The electric power generated by the fuel cell 1 is supplied to the driving motor via an inverter (not shown). The drive motor is controlled based on a separate command.

On the anode side of the fuel cell 1, there are provided: a hydrogen supply passage 2 (as a fuel supply passage) for supplying hydrogen gas to the fuel cell 1; a hydrogen circulation path 3 (as a fuel circulation path) for circulating a hydrogen off gas (as a fuel off gas) led out from the fuel cell 1 to the hydrogen supply path 2; and an injector 4 provided at a connection portion between the hydrogen supply passage 2 and the hydrogen circulation passage 3. The hydrogen gas flows from the hydrogen tank 5 to the hydrogen supply passage 2. A 1 st injector 6A and a 2 nd injector 6B, each of which is configured by an electromagnetic valve, for injecting the hydrogen gas from the hydrogen tank 5 are provided upstream of the injector 4 in the hydrogen supply passage 2. The inlets of the injectors 6A and 6B are connected in parallel to the hydrogen tank 5 via the hydrogen supply passage 2. The outlet sides of the injectors 6A and 6B are connected to two different nozzles 37 and 38 (see fig. 2 and the like) provided in the injector 4 via the hydrogen supply passage 2. A gas-liquid separator 7 for separating gas and liquid is provided in the hydrogen circulation passage 3. The gas-liquid separator 7 separates moisture from the hydrogen offgas (as a gas), flows only the hydrogen offgas toward the ejector 4, and discharges the moisture to the outside via the discharge passage 8. A gas/water discharge valve 9 formed of an electromagnetic valve is provided in the discharge passage 8. A hydrogen pressure sensor 10 is provided in a portion of the hydrogen supply passage 2 between the injector 4 and each of the injectors 6A and 6B. The hydrogen pressure sensor 10 detects the hydrogen pressure on the outlet side of each of the injectors 6A, 6B.

On the other hand, on the cathode side of the fuel cell 1, there are provided: an air supply passage 11 (as an oxidant gas supply passage) for supplying air to the fuel cell 1; and an air discharge passage 12 for discharging air off-gas led out from the fuel cell 1. An air pump 13 for adjusting the supply amount of air to the fuel cell 1 is provided in the air supply passage 11. An air pressure sensor 14 is provided downstream of the air pump 13 in the air supply passage 11. The air pressure sensor 14 detects the pressure of air supplied to the fuel cell 1. Further, a switching valve 15 formed of an electromagnetic valve is provided in the air discharge passage 12.

In the above configuration, the hydrogen gas in the hydrogen tank 5 flows through the hydrogen supply passage 2 and is supplied to the fuel cell 1 through the injectors 6A and 6B and the injector 4. The hydrogen gas supplied to the fuel cell 1 is used for power generation in the fuel cell 1, and is then discharged as a hydrogen off gas from the fuel cell 1 to the hydrogen circulation passage 3. The hydrogen offgas thus led out is separated into water by the gas-liquid separator 7, and then is circulated to the hydrogen supply passage 2 via the ejector 4. At this time, a negative pressure is generated in the injector 4 by the hydrogen gas flowing through the injector 4, and the hydrogen off gas is sucked by the negative pressure, sucked into the injector 4, mixed with the hydrogen gas, and circulated to the hydrogen supply passage 2.

As shown in fig. 1, the fuel cell system further has a controller 20. The controller 20 controls the injectors 6A and 6B to adjust the flow rate (hydrogen amount) of the hydrogen gas flowing to the injector 4. The controller 20 controls the gas/water discharge valve 9 to regulate gas/water discharge from the discharge passage 8. On the other hand, the controller 20 controls the air pump 13 to adjust the flow rate of air supplied to the fuel cell 1. In addition, the controller 20 controls the switching valve 15 to adjust the discharge flow rate of the air off-gas from the air discharge passage 12. Detection signals from the hydrogen pressure sensor 10 and the air pressure sensor 14 are input to the controller 20, respectively. In addition, the controller 20 acquires a voltage value and a current value relating to the power generation of the fuel cell 1, respectively. The controller 20 inputs an accelerator opening corresponding to an operation amount of an accelerator pedal 22 from an accelerator sensor 21 provided in a driver's seat as a command value for driving operation of the electric vehicle. The controller 20 includes a Central Processing Unit (CPU) and a memory, and controls the injectors 6A and 6B, the air pump 13, and the like based on a predetermined control program stored in the memory to control the amount of hydrogen and the amount of air supplied to the fuel cell 1.

[ for the ejector ]

Next, the structure of the injector 4 will be described in detail. Fig. 2 shows the injector 4 in a main sectional view. The state shown in fig. 2 of the injector 4 shows a formal vertical arrangement. However, as will be described later, the injector 4 may be disposed slightly inclined with respect to the horizontal state shown in fig. 2 in the fuel cell system. As shown in fig. 2, the ejector 4 is provided with a main body casing 30 having a tubular shape for flowing a working fluid and a target fluid. In this embodiment, the hydrogen off gas flowing through the hydrogen circulation passage 3 corresponds to the target fluid, and the hydrogen gas flowing through the hydrogen supply passage 2 corresponds to the working fluid. The body housing 30 includes a 1 st end 30a and a 2 nd end 30 b. In this embodiment, in fig. 2, the 1 st end portion 30a corresponds to substantially the right half of the main body case 30, and the 2 nd end portion 30b corresponds to substantially the left half of the main body case 30.

The 1 st end 30a is provided with: two 1 st supply ports 31, 32 which receive supply of hydrogen gas; a 2 nd supply port 36 that receives supply of the hydrogen off gas; a negative pressure generating chamber 34 for generating a negative pressure with hydrogen gas; and two nozzles 37 and 38 provided corresponding to the two 1 st supply ports 31 and 32, respectively, and having tip end portions disposed in the negative pressure generation chamber 34 for injecting hydrogen gas. The two nozzles 37, 38 are arranged in a substantially coaxial manner. Further, the 2 nd end 30b is provided with: a diffuser 35 communicating with the negative pressure generating chamber 34 for flowing hydrogen gas and hydrogen off-gas; and a discharge port 33 for externally discharging the hydrogen gas and the hydrogen off-gas flowing in the diffuser 35. In this embodiment, one 1 st supply port 31 is connected to the 1 st injector 6A via the hydrogen supply passage 2, and the other 2 nd supply port 36 is connected to the 2 nd injector 6B via the hydrogen supply passage 2.

According to the basic configuration described above, the ejector 4 generates a negative pressure in the negative pressure generation chamber 34 by the hydrogen gas supplied to the 1 st supply ports 31 and 32 and ejected from the two nozzles 37 and 38, and sucks the hydrogen off-gas from the 2 nd supply port 36 into the negative pressure generation chamber 34 by the negative pressure. The injector 4 causes the hydrogen off gas to flow into the diffuser 35 together with the hydrogen gas, and discharges the hydrogen off gas from the discharge port 33 toward the fuel cell 1.

In this embodiment, the two nozzles 37, 38 include an inner nozzle 37 and an outer nozzle 38 provided so as to enclose the inner nozzle 37. The inner nozzle 37 and the outer nozzle 38 are disposed so as to enclose a diffuser axis L1 as an axis of the diffuser 35. Fig. 3 shows the inner nozzle 37 and the outer nozzle 38 in an enlarged sectional view along the line a-a of fig. 2. As shown in fig. 3, in this embodiment, the axis L2 of the inner nozzle 37 is arranged to coincide with the diffuser axis L1.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, an inner injection hole 37a through which hydrogen gas flows is formed in the center of the inner nozzle 37. An outer jet hole 38a having a ring-shaped cross section through which hydrogen gas flows is provided between the inner nozzle 37 and the outer nozzle 38. As shown in fig. 3, the outer injection holes 38a when the main body case 30 is horizontally arranged such that the diffuser axis L1 is horizontal include an upper hole portion 38aa located above the diffuser axis L1 and a lower hole portion 38ab located below the diffuser axis L1. The inner nozzle 37 and the outer nozzle 38 are eccentrically arranged so that the lower hole 38ab is narrower than the upper hole 38 aa. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the axis L2 of the inner nozzle 37 is arranged coaxially with the diffuser axis L1, and the axis L3 of the outer nozzle 38 is arranged eccentrically upward with respect to the inner nozzle 37. Thus, the lower hole 38ab is narrower than the upper hole 38 aa. In this embodiment, the two 1 st supply ports 31 and 32 are disposed above the main body case 30 when the main body case 30 is disposed horizontally, and the hydrogen gas supplied to the 1 st supply ports 31 and 32 flows vertically downward toward the nozzles 37 and 38.

As shown in fig. 2, the main body case 30 is provided with a gas flow path 39 (as a fluid flow path) through which hydrogen gas and hydrogen off-gas flow and which includes a diffuser 35, between the negative pressure generation chamber 34 and the discharge port 33. A hot water flow path 40 (an example of a hot fluid flow path) through which hot water (as a hot fluid) flows is provided around the gas flow path 39. That is, in this embodiment, the main body case 30 includes an outer case 41 and an inner case 42 assembled inside the outer case 41. The hot water flow passage 40 is provided between the outer case 41 and the inner case 42 and around the gas flow passage 39.

Fig. 4 shows the main body case 30 in a front sectional view in which the main body case 30 is divided into an outer case 41 and an inner case 42. As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the outer case 41 is provided with the 1 st supply ports 31 and 32 and the 2 nd supply port 36. The inner casing 42 is provided with an inner nozzle 37, an outer nozzle 38, a negative pressure generating chamber 34, a gas flow path 39 including a diffuser 35, and a discharge port 33. The hot water flow passage 40 has an annular cross section in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction thereof. The main body case 30 is provided with a hot water inlet 43 for introducing hot water into the hot water flow path 40 at one end in the longitudinal direction of the hot water flow path 40, and a hot water outlet 44 for discharging hot water from the hot water flow path 40 at the other end in the longitudinal direction of the hot water flow path 40. The hot water introduced from the hot water inlet 43 flows in a spiral shape through the hot water flow path 40 and is discharged from the hot water outlet 44. In this embodiment, in order to cause hot water to flow spirally through the hot water flow passage 40, a spiral groove (not shown) is formed in at least one of the inner peripheral surface of the outer case 41 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner case 42 in a range corresponding to the hot water flow passage 40. A plurality of annular seal members 45 are provided between the outer casing 41 and the inner casing 42 at intervals along the diffuser axis L1. A seal member 46 is also provided between the inner casing 42 and the outer nozzle 38. The sealing members 45 and 46 are made of rubber, and are assembled to the inner casing 42 and the outer nozzle 38 in a state of being fitted into annular grooves formed in the outer periphery of the inner casing 42 and the outer periphery of the outer nozzle 38. In the present embodiment, a spiral groove is formed, but a spiral groove may not necessarily be formed.

As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the outer case 41 has a bottomed cylindrical shape and has a hollow portion 41a extending in the longitudinal direction with the same inner diameter. The outer case 41 has a bottom on the 1 st end 30a side and an opening on the 2 nd end 30b side. Further, on the upper side surface on the 1 st end 30a side, the 1 st supply ports 31 and 32, the 2 nd supply port 36, and the hot water inlet 43 are formed so as to communicate with the hollow 41 a. Further, a hot water outlet 44 communicating with the hollow 41a is formed on the upper side of the outer case 41 on the 2 nd end 30b side.

As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the inner case 42 has a bottomless cylindrical shape and has a hollow portion 42a with a partially different inner diameter in the longitudinal direction. The inner housing 42 has a nozzle housing 42aa with a large inner diameter formed on the 1 st end 30a side. The nozzle housing 42aa is provided with a negative pressure generating chamber 34, and houses an inner nozzle 37 and an outer nozzle 38. The hollow 42a includes a space 42ab that does not accommodate the inner nozzle 37 and the outer nozzle 38. At the portion of the inner housing 42 where the nozzle housing 42aa is formed, communication holes 42b, 42c, and 42d are formed at positions intersecting the axes of the 1 st supply ports 31 and 32 and the 2 nd supply port 36, respectively. Each of the nozzles 37 and 38 has a hollow portion extending in the longitudinal direction at the center. The inner nozzle 37 is assembled to the hollow of the outer nozzle 38. In this assembled state, a communication hole 38b is formed in the outer periphery of the outer nozzle 38 at a position intersecting the axis of the one 1 st supply port 32. The communication hole 38b is positionally matched with the communication hole 42c of the inner case 42. The inner housing 42 has a gas flow path 39 formed on the 2 nd end 30b side, which has an inner diameter smaller than that of the nozzle housing 42aa and includes the diffuser 35.

In this embodiment, in order to manufacture the injector 4, as shown by arrows in fig. 4, the sealing member 45, the inner nozzle 37, and the outer nozzle 38 (with the sealing member 46 assembled) are assembled in advance to the inner housing 42, and the inner housing 42 is fitted into the hollow 41a of the outer housing 41.

[ action and Effect on the ejector ]

According to the configuration of the injector 4 of the embodiment described above, the following operation and effect can be obtained. In fig. 5, a main sectional view of the injector 4 shows a flow of hydrogen gas (indicated by solid arrows) supplied to one 1 st supply port 31 and a flow of hydrogen off-gas (indicated by broken arrows) supplied to the 2 nd supply port 36. Fig. 6 shows a portion of the injector 4 of fig. 5 surrounded by a double-dashed line in an enlarged sectional view. In fig. 7, a main sectional view of the injector 4 shows a flow of hydrogen gas (indicated by solid arrows) supplied to the other 1 st supply port 32 and a flow of hydrogen off-gas (indicated by broken arrows) supplied to the 2 nd supply port 36. Fig. 8 shows a portion of the injector 4 of fig. 7 surrounded by a double-dashed line in an enlarged sectional view.

As indicated by solid line (thick line) arrows in fig. 5 and 6, the hydrogen gas injected from the 1 st injector 6A and supplied to the one 1 st supply port 31 flows into the inner nozzle 37, is injected from the inner injection hole 37a into the negative pressure generation chamber 34, flows through the gas flow path 39 (diffuser 35), and is discharged from the discharge port 33. A negative pressure is generated in the negative pressure generation chamber 34 by the flow of the hydrogen gas, and the hydrogen off gas supplied to the 2 nd supply port 36 is sucked into the negative pressure generation chamber 34 by the negative pressure, flows in the gas flow path 39 together with the hydrogen gas, is mixed with the hydrogen gas, and is discharged from the discharge port 33.

As indicated by solid line (thick line) arrows in fig. 7 and 8, the hydrogen gas injected from the 2 nd injector 6B and supplied to the other 1 st supply port 32 flows to the outer nozzle 38, is injected from the outer injection hole 38a to the negative pressure generation chamber 34, flows through the gas flow path 39 (diffuser 35), and is discharged from the discharge port 33. A negative pressure is generated in the negative pressure generation chamber 34 by the flow of the hydrogen gas, and the hydrogen off gas supplied to the 2 nd supply port 36 is sucked into the negative pressure generation chamber 34 by the negative pressure, flows in the gas flow path 39 together with the hydrogen gas, is mixed with the hydrogen gas, and is discharged from the discharge port 33.

The outer nozzle 38 is provided so as to enclose the inner nozzle 37, the inner nozzle 37 and the outer nozzle 38 are arranged so as to enclose the diffuser axis L1 of the main body case 30, and the inner nozzle 37, the negative pressure generating chamber 34, and the diffuser 35 are arranged around the diffuser axis L1. Therefore, the hydrogen gas injected from the inner nozzle 37 or the outer nozzle 38 flows toward the diffuser 35 so as to wrap the diffuser axis L1, and the hydrogen off-gas sucked into the negative pressure generation chamber 34 flows toward the diffuser 35 so as to wrap the hydrogen gas. Therefore, the hydrogen gas injected from the inner nozzle 37 or the outer nozzle 38 into the negative pressure generation chamber 34 and the hydrogen off-gas sucked into the negative pressure generation chamber 34 can be uniformly and satisfactorily mixed. Further, an inner jet hole 37a through which hydrogen gas flows is formed in the inner nozzle 37, and an outer jet hole 38a having an annular cross section through which hydrogen gas flows is formed between the inner nozzle 37 and the outer nozzle 38. The outer injection hole 38a includes an upper hole 38aa and a lower hole 38ab, and the inner nozzle 37 and the outer nozzle 38 are eccentrically arranged so that the lower hole 38ab is narrower than the upper hole 38 aa. Thus, the flow of hydrogen gas becomes relatively fast in the narrower lower hole portions 38ab in the outer injection holes 38a, and the dew condensation water generated in the outer injection holes 38a collects toward the lower hole portions 38ab due to gravity, and is easily blown together with hydrogen gas at a high speed toward the negative pressure generating chamber 34. Therefore, in particular, the dew condensation water can be effectively discharged from the outer injection hole 38a of the outer nozzle 38, and the disturbance of the injection of the hydrogen gas due to the dew condensation water can be suppressed.

According to the configuration of this embodiment, the 1 st supply ports 31 and 32 are disposed above the main body casing 30 when the main body casing 30 is horizontally disposed. Therefore, the hydrogen gas supplied to the 1 st supply ports 31 and 32 flows vertically downward from the upper side of the main body case 30 toward the inner nozzle 37 and the outer nozzle 38. Therefore, in particular, the hydrogen gas flowing through the outer jet holes 38a of the outer nozzle 38 tends to flow toward the lower hole portions 38ab in a large amount, and the dew condensation water collected in the lower hole portions 38ab tends to be blown together with the hydrogen gas toward the negative pressure generation chamber 34 at a higher speed. Therefore, in particular, the dew condensation water can be more effectively discharged from the outer injection hole 38a of the outer nozzle 38, and the disturbance of the injection of the hydrogen gas due to the dew condensation water can be more reliably suppressed.

Fig. 9 is a main sectional view of the ejector 4 showing the flow of the hot water introduced into the hot water inlet 43 (indicated by thick line arrows). As shown in fig. 9, according to the configuration of this embodiment, the hot water introduced from the hot water inlet 43 flows in the hot water flow path 40 in a spiral shape around the gas flow path 39 and is discharged from the hot water outlet 44. Therefore, the gas flow path 39 is heated by flowing warm water through the warm water flow path 40, and the inner wall of the gas flow path 39 is less likely to be lowered to the dew point temperature. Therefore, the generation of dew condensation water in the gas flow path 39 and the freezing of dew condensation water can be suppressed. As a result, inflow of unnecessary dew condensation water from the injector 4 to the fuel cell 1 can be suppressed.

According to the structure of this embodiment, the main body case 30 is configured by assembling the inner case 42 inside the outer case 41. In addition to the assembly, a hot water flow passage 40 is provided between the outer case 41 and the inner case 42 and around the gas flow passage 39. Therefore, the warm water flow path 40 can be formed relatively easily in the ejector 4.

< embodiment 2 >

Next, embodiment 2, which embodies an injector and a fuel cell system including the injector, will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

In the following description, the same reference numerals are given to the same components as those of embodiment 1, and the description thereof is omitted, and the description thereof will be centered on differences.

This embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in the structure of the hot water inlet 43 and the hot water outlet 44 of the hot water flow path 40 of the injector 4. Fig. 10 and 11 show the ejector 4 in a sectional view obtained by cutting the ejector 4 at a point in the gas flow passage 39 and the hot water flow passage 40 on a plane perpendicular to the diffuser axis L1. In fig. 10, the flow of the hot water in the hot water flow path 40 is indicated by arrows. In fig. 11, the direction of the hot water flow passage 40 in the tangential direction with respect to the annular flow of hot water is indicated by arrows. As shown in fig. 10, in this embodiment, a hot water inlet 43 for hot water is formed to extend horizontally below the outer case 41, and a hot water outlet 44 for hot water is formed to extend vertically above the outer case 41.

That is, as shown in fig. 11, in this embodiment, the hot water inlet 43 and the hot water outlet 44 are arranged so as to face a tangential direction of the annular cross section of the hot water flow path 40. The hot water outlet 44 of the hot water inlet 43 and the hot water outlet 44 is provided so as to open upward. As shown in fig. 11, the tangential direction of the annular cross section of the hot water flow passage 40 can be represented by arrows F1 to F6. Among these tangential directions, the tangential direction in which the hot water outlet 44 opens upward is indicated by arrows F1 to F3, for example, double circles. In this embodiment, the hot water outlet 44 is provided at a position of an arrow F2 in which an opening of the hot water outlet 44 is directed vertically upward, among arrows F1 to F3. The position at which the hot water outlet 44 is provided is not limited to the positions of arrows F1 to F3 as long as the position is directed to the upper side of the diffuser axis L1.

[ action and Effect on the ejector ]

According to the structure of the ejector 4 of this embodiment, in addition to the operation and effect of embodiment 1, the following operation and effect can be obtained. That is, the hot water flow path 40 has an annular cross section, and the main body case 30 is provided with a hot water inlet 43 for introducing hot water at one end side in the longitudinal direction of the hot water flow path 40, and a hot water outlet 44 for discharging hot water at the other end side in the longitudinal direction. The hot water introduced from the hot water inlet 43 flows in a spiral shape through the hot water flow path 40 and is discharged from the hot water outlet 44. Therefore, the entire gas flow path 39 of the main body casing 30 extending along the diffuser axis L1 is uniformly warmed by the warm water flowing spirally around the gas flow path. The hot water inlet 43 and the hot water outlet 44 are arranged to face a tangential direction of the annular cross section of the hot water flow passage 40. Therefore, the hot water is easily introduced from the hot water inlet 43 to the hot water flow path 40, and the hot water is easily discharged from the hot water flow path 40 to the hot water outlet 44. Therefore, the flow rate of the hot water in the hot water flow path 40 can be increased, and the heating effect of the gas flow path 39 by the hot water can be increased. At least one of the hot water inlet 43 and the hot water outlet 44 is opened upward. Therefore, the air mixed in the hot water flow path 40 easily escapes to the outside from at least one of the hot water inlet 43 and the hot water outlet 44. Therefore, the air can be made less likely to accumulate in the hot water flow path 40, which means that the heating effect of the gas flow path 39 by the hot water can be ensured.

< embodiment 3 >

Next, embodiment 3, which embodies an injector and a fuel cell system including the injector, will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

In this embodiment, the structure of the ejector 4 is different from that of embodiment 1. Fig. 12 shows the injector 4 in a main sectional view according to fig. 2. This embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in the structure of the sealing member 45, the arrangement of the 2 nd supply port 36, and the like. As shown in fig. 12, in this embodiment, the 2 nd supply port 36 for hydrogen off-gas is disposed on the lower side in the vertical direction of the outer case 41. Two seal members 45A and 45B are provided between the outer casing 41 and the inner casing 42 and between the 2 nd supply port 36 and the hot water flow path 40 so as to be adjacent to each other with a gap therebetween. Further, the outer case 41 is provided with a discharge port 47 for discharging moisture or hydrogen off gas to the outside so as to correspond to the gap between the two seal members 45A, 45B.

[ arrangement of injectors and the like in Fuel cell System ]

Next, the arrangement of the injector 4 and the like in the fuel cell system will be described in detail. Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship among the arrangement of the fuel cell 1, the injector 4, and the gas-liquid separator 7 in the fuel cell system. As shown in fig. 13, the injector 4 is disposed below the fuel cell 1 in the vertical direction and above the gas-liquid separator 7 in the vertical direction. The injector 4 is disposed inclined at a predetermined angle θ 1 with respect to the horizontal direction so that the 1 st end portion 30a of the injector 4 including the 1 st supply ports 31, 32 and the 2 nd supply port 36 is disposed at a position lower than the 2 nd end portion 30b including the discharge port 33 in the vertical direction. The hydrogen circulation passage 3 extending from the gas-liquid separator 7 is connected to a 2 nd supply port 36 that opens downward from a lower side in the vertical direction of the injector 4. The portion of the hydrogen circulation passage 3 located between the gas-liquid separator 7 and the ejector 4 is also inclined downward from the ejector 4 toward the gas-liquid separator 7. A drain passage 48 extending downward is connected to a drain port 47 provided on the lower side of the ejector 4. The lower end of the drain passage 48 is connected to a portion of the hydrogen circulation passage 3 located between the gas-liquid separator 7 and the ejector 4. A warm water circulation passage 50 for circulating warm water is connected to the warm water inlet 43 and the warm water outlet 44 provided in the ejector 4.

[ action and Effect on the ejector ]

According to the structure of the ejector 4 of this embodiment, in addition to the operation and effect of embodiment 1, the following operation and effect can be obtained. That is, two seal members 45A and 45B are provided between the outer casing 41 and the inner casing 42 and between the 2 nd supply port 36 and the hot water flow path 40 so as to be adjacent to each other with a gap therebetween. Further, the outer case 41 is provided with a discharge port 47 so as to correspond to a gap between the two seal members 45A, 45B. Therefore, even if the hydrogen off-gas should escape from the sealing member 45B and leak from the 2 nd supply port 36 to the hot water flow path 40, or the hot water should escape from the sealing member 45A and leak from the hot water flow path 40 to the 2 nd supply port 36, the hydrogen off-gas or the hot water is discharged to the outside through the discharge port 47. Therefore, the hydrogen off-gas can be prevented from being mixed into the hot water flowing through the hot water flow path 40 or the hydrogen off-gas flowing through the 2 nd supply port 36.

[ action and Effect on Fuel cell System ]

According to the configuration of the fuel cell system of this embodiment, in the fuel cell system, the injector 4 is disposed at a position lower than the fuel cell 1 in the vertical direction and at a position upper than the gas-liquid separator 7 in the vertical direction. The injector 4 is inclined such that the 1 st end portion 30a including the 1 st supply ports 31 and 32 and the 2 nd supply port 36 is disposed below the 2 nd end portion 30b including the discharge port 33 in the vertical direction. The 2 nd supply port 36 is disposed below the injector 4 in the vertical direction, and the hydrogen circulation passage 3 extending from the gas-liquid separator 7 is connected to the 2 nd supply port 36 from below the injector 4 in the vertical direction. Therefore, even if dew condensation water generated in the fuel cell 1 flows into the ejector 4 through the hydrogen supply passage 2 or dew condensation water is generated in the ejector 4, the dew condensation water flows from the negative pressure generation chamber 34 to the 2 nd supply port 36 by the inclination of the ejector 4 and further flows to the gas-liquid separator 7 through the hydrogen circulation passage 3. Therefore, the dew condensation water generated in the fuel cell 1 or the ejector 4 can be discharged to the gas-liquid separator 7, and the separation process can be performed by the gas-liquid separator 7.

Further, according to the configuration of this embodiment, the lower end of the drain passage 48 connected to the discharge port 47 and extending downward is connected to the portion of the hydrogen circulation passage 3 located between the gas-liquid separator 7 and the ejector 4. Therefore, the hydrogen off-gas or the warm water flowing through the drain passage 48 from the discharge port 47 can be separated by the gas-liquid separator 7.

< embodiment 4 >

Next, embodiment 4, which embodies the injector and the fuel cell system including the injector, will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

In each of the above embodiments, the main body case 30 of the ejector 4 includes an outer case 41 and an inner case 42, and the hot water flow path 40 is provided between the cases 41 and 42. In contrast, as shown in the cross-sectional view of fig. 2 in fig. 14, the main body case 30 of the injector 4 can be a single structure in which the hot water flow path is omitted. In this case, although there is no cooling effect by the hot water, the same operation and effect as those of embodiment 1 can be obtained, and the structure of the ejector 4 can be simplified.

As shown in fig. 14, in this embodiment, the main body case 30 has a bottomless cylindrical shape, and a hollow 51 having a large inner diameter is formed at one end in the longitudinal direction. A negative pressure generating chamber 34 is provided in substantially half of the hollow 51, and an inner nozzle 37 and an outer nozzle 38 are housed therein. The remaining approximately half of the hollow 51 includes a space 51a in which the inner nozzle 37 and the outer nozzle 38 are not housed. The space 51a has an inner diameter into which the nozzles 37 and 38 can be inserted. The 1 st supply port 31 communicates with the space 51 a. Since the space 51a is located between the 1 st supply port 31 and the nozzles 37 and 38, the hydrogen gas supplied to the 1 st supply port 31 is depressurized in the space 51a while being maintained. Therefore, a plug 52 for reducing the volume of the space 51a and closing the one end opening 30c of the main body case 30 is fitted into the space 51 a.

According to the structure of this embodiment, the plug 52 is fitted into the space 51a not accommodating the nozzles 37 and 38, and the volume of the space 51a is reduced. Therefore, the pressure reduction of the hydrogen gas introduced from the 1 st supply port 31 into the space 51a is suppressed. Therefore, the hydrogen gas whose pressure reduction is suppressed can be supplied to the inner nozzle 37, the flow velocity of the hydrogen gas at the inner injection hole 37a of the inner nozzle 37 can be increased, and the effect of discharging the dew condensation water at the inner injection hole 37a can be further improved.

The disclosed technology is not limited to the above embodiments, and can be implemented by appropriately changing a part of the configuration without departing from the scope of the disclosed technology.

(1) In embodiment 4, the body case 30 of the injector 4 is formed as a single body without a hot water flow path, and the plug 52 is fitted into the space 51a not accommodating the nozzles 37 and 38, thereby reducing the volume of the space 51 a. In contrast, in embodiments 1 to 3 in which the main body casing 30 is formed in a two-piece structure by the outer casing 41 and the inner casing 42, the convex portion 53 (indicated by a two-dot chain line in fig. 2) and the plug (not shown) provided in the outer casing 41 are fitted into the space 42ab (see fig. 2 and the like) of the inner casing 42 in which the nozzles 37 and 38 are not housed, whereby the volume of the space can be reduced.

(2) In each of the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the inner nozzle 37 and the diffuser 35 are arranged with the diffuser axis L1 as the center, and the inner nozzle 37 and the outer nozzle 38 are arranged eccentrically to each other so that the lower hole portion 38ab of the outer jet hole 38a is narrower than the upper hole portion 38 aa. In contrast, as shown in the cross-sectional view of fig. 3 in fig. 15, the outer nozzle 38 and the diffuser 35 may be arranged around the diffuser axis L1, and the inner nozzle 37 and the outer nozzle 38 may be arranged eccentrically to each other so that the lower hole portion 38ab of the outer jet hole 38a is narrower than the upper hole portion 38 aa.

(3) In each of the above embodiments, the inner nozzle 37 and the outer nozzle 38 are provided as a plurality of nozzles, but another nozzle provided so as to enclose the inner nozzle and the outer nozzle may be provided.

(4) In the above-described embodiments 1 to 3, the warm water flow path is configured such that warm water flows through the warm water flow path 40, but the warm water flow path is not limited to warm water, and may be a warm air flow path through which compressed warm air flowing from the air pump 13 toward the fuel cell 1 flows. The warm fluid flowing through the warm fluid flow path may be a heated liquid or gas, or a liquid or gas that is kept warm.

Industrial applicability

The disclosed technology can be applied to a fuel cell system mounted on a vehicle such as a hydrogen automobile, for example.

Description of the reference numerals

1. A fuel cell; 2. a hydrogen supply passage (fuel supply passage); 3. a hydrogen circulation path (fuel circulation path); 4. an ejector; 7. a gas-liquid separator; 30. a main body case; 30a, 1 st end; 30b, 2 nd end; 31. 1 st supply port; 32. 1 st supply port; 33. a discharge port; 34. a negative pressure generating chamber; 35. a diffuser; 36. a 2 nd supply port; 37. an inner nozzle; 37a, inner jet hole; 38. an outer nozzle; 38a, an outer jet hole; 38aa, an upper hole portion; 38ab, lower hole portion; 39. a gas flow path (fluid flow path); 40. a warm water flow path (warm fluid flow path); 41. an outer housing; 42. an inner housing; 42a and a hollow part; 42ab, space; 43. a warm water inlet (warm fluid inlet); 44. a warm water outlet (warm fluid outlet); 45A, a sealing member; 45B, a sealing member; 47. an outlet port; 51. hollow; 51a, a space; 52. a plug; l1, diffuser axis; l2, axis of inboard nozzle; l3, axis of outer nozzle.