阅读说明：本技术 芝麻种子包衣剂及包衣方法 (Sesame seed coating agent and coating method ) 是由 黎冬华 张秀荣 游均 张艳欣 于 2020-12-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种芝麻种子包衣剂及包衣方法。该包衣剂包括固体组分和液体组分；固体组分按重量份计包括：6～10份噻虫胺、6～10份成膜剂和0.1～1.5份染色剂；液体组合按重量份计包括：0.495～6份氯虫苯甲酰。本发明包衣剂配方合理,具有良好的成膜性、稳定性、缓释性,具有增进芝麻种子发芽所需营养条件,可提高发芽率,并改善幼苗的生长环境和增强抗逆性。(The invention relates to a sesame seed coating agent and a coating method. The coating agent comprises a solid component and a liquid component; the solid components comprise the following components in parts by weight: 6-10 parts of clothianidin, 6-10 parts of a film forming agent and 0.1-1.5 parts of a coloring agent; the liquid composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.495-6 parts of chlorantraniliprole benzoyl. The coating agent has reasonable formula, good film forming property, stability and slow release property, has the nutritional condition required by promoting the germination of the sesame seeds, can improve the germination rate, improves the growth environment of seedlings and enhances the stress resistance.)

1. A sesame seed coating agent is characterized by comprising a solid component and a liquid component;

the solid component comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6-10 parts of clothianidin, 6-10 parts of a film forming agent and 0.1-1.5 parts of a coloring agent;

the liquid component comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.495-6 parts of chlorantraniliprole.

2. The sesame seed coating agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid component further comprises 1 to 2 parts of N- (2-methoxyacetyl) -N- (2, 6-xylyl) -D-alanine methyl ester and 3.5 to 4.5 parts of prochloraz copper salt.

3. The sesame seed coating agent as claimed in claim 2, wherein the liquid component further comprises 3.5 to 4 parts of a plant biological agent.

4. The sesame seed coating agent as claimed in claim 3, wherein the plant bio-regulator comprises 135 parts gibberellic acid, 0.52 parts indoleacetic acid and 0.31 parts 14-hydroxybrassinol by weight.

5. The sesame seed coating agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solid component further comprises 4 to 4.5 parts by weight of tetramethylthiuram disulfide and 4 to 4.5 parts by weight of 2, 3-dihydro-5- (formanilide) -6-methyl-1, 4-oxathiacin.

6. The sesame seed coating agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the film-forming agent is at least one of gelatin fiber, cyclodextrin, chitosan, gum arabic, sodium carboxymethylcellulose; the coloring agent is reactive brilliant red.

7. The method for coating sesame seed coating agent according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:

s1, preparing all solid coating agent components, mixing uniformly and putting into a container for standby;

s2, preparing all the liquid coating agent components, mixing with 0.5-1.5 times of water by weight, and uniformly stirring;

s3, pouring the prepared solid coating agent component into a coating machine, stirring uniformly, immersing the sesame seeds into the liquid coating agent component for 3-6 min, taking out, draining, pouring into the coating machine, starting the coating machine to rotate forwards at a rotation speed of 500-650r/min, rotating for 1-1.5 min, then reversing for 2-2.5 min, circulating for 20-30 times, sieving, and air drying to obtain the coated sesame seeds.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of sesame seed coating, in particular to a sesame seed coating agent and a coating method.

Background

The sesame planting area is continuously reduced along with the adjustment of a planting structure in recent years, the main reasons are that the sesame planting cost is too high, time and labor are consumed, the sesame planting area is easily influenced by natural climate, the yield stability is insufficient, meanwhile, the whole-process mechanized production technology of the sesame is not popularized in a large area, and the problem of sesame emergence is the starting point of sesame planting and is also a key factor for guaranteeing the yield of the sesame. In order to guarantee the seedling number of sesame, the sesame seeding adopts the strategy of seedling protection with large seeding quantity, and then seedling and final singling in the later period for a long time. Although the method can possibly ensure a certain germination rate, the thinning and final singling in the later period consume time and labor, and the labor cost is obviously increased; meanwhile, the seedlings of the sesame can be uneven and incomplete due to plant diseases and insect pests in the seedling stage, large-area seedlings are lacking in the field, and the labor cost for reseeding, transplanting and the like can be increased, so that the willingness of farmers to plant the sesame is reduced, and the industrial development is not facilitated.

In the process of producing and cultivating the sesame, methods such as rotation and medicament control are also adopted to reduce the yield reduction caused by low germination rate and pest damage; however, these methods are disadvantageous to the stability of the planting area of sesame, may cause problems of pesticide residue and food safety, and may also cause sesame diseases and some pests to develop resistance to drugs, resulting in a decrease in control effect. With the application of seed treatment technology in agricultural production, many researches and practices prove that the seed quality can be improved, the growth and development are promoted, and the yield and the quality are improved after the seeds are coated. The coated seeds have the advantages of large propagation coefficient, no germ, convenient transportation, low propagation cost and the like, thereby providing technical support for sesame precision seeding, and laying a foundation for further reducing the working hour cost of sesame planting and the development and popularization of the whole-course mechanization technology of sesame. Meanwhile, the existing sesame seed coating agent still has low germination rate after entering soil and is easy to be attacked by plant diseases and insect pests.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, there is a need for a coating agent for sesame seeds, which can improve the germination rate and reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests.

The invention provides a sesame seed coating agent, which comprises a solid component and a liquid component;

the solid component comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6-10 parts of clothianidin, 6-10 parts of a film forming agent and 0.1-1.5 parts of a coloring agent;

the liquid component comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.495-6 parts of chlorantraniliprole.

Further, the liquid component also comprises 1-2 parts of N- (2-methoxyacetyl) -N- (2, 6-xylyl) -D-alanine methyl ester and 3.5-4.5 parts of prochloraz copper salt.

Further, the liquid component also comprises 3.5-4 parts of plant biological regulator.

Specifically, the plant biological regulator comprises 135 parts by weight of gibberellic acid, 0.52 part by weight of indoleacetic acid and 0.31 part by weight of 14-hydroxy brassinol.

Further, the solid component comprises 4-4.5 parts of tetramethylthiuram disulfide and 4-4.5 parts of 2, 3-dihydro-5- (N-formanilide) -6-methyl-1, 4-oxathiacin in parts by weight.

Specifically, the film-forming agent is at least one of gelatin fiber, cyclodextrin, chitosan, acacia and sodium carboxymethylcellulose; the coloring agent is reactive brilliant red.

The invention also provides a coating method of the sesame seed coating agent, which comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing all solid coating agent components, mixing uniformly and putting into a container for standby;

s2, mixing the components for preparing the liquid coating agent, mixing with 0.5-1.5 times of water by weight, and uniformly stirring;

s3, pouring the prepared solid coating agent component into a coating machine, stirring uniformly, immersing the sesame seeds into the liquid coating agent component for 3-6 min, taking out, draining, pouring into the coating machine, starting the coating machine to rotate forwards at a rotation speed of 500-650r/min, rotating for 1-1.5 min, then reversing for 2-2.5 min, circulating for 20-30 times, sieving, and air drying to obtain the coated sesame seeds.

Has the advantages that:

the coating agent contains various bacteriostatic agents, such as clothianidin and chlorantraniliprole, which are mixed, so that the coating agent has the effects of inhibiting plant vein enzymes and preventing and treating pathogenic bacteria, inhibiting the activity of soil vein enzymes, facilitating the absorption of nitrogen nutrients by sesame seeds, and promoting the germination and healthy growth of the seeds. The coating agent has reasonable formula, good film forming property, stability and slow release property, can improve the nutritional condition required by the germination of the sesame seeds, improve the germination rate, improve the growth environment of seedlings and enhance the stress resistance. The coating process is reasonable, the obtained sesame seeds are uniformly coated and separated, the coating effect is obvious, and the coating agent is uniformly attached to the seeds and is not easy to fall off.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram of the germination in the laboratory test provided by the control group of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram of laboratory test sprouting provided in example 1 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The embodiment of the invention provides a sesame seed coating agent which comprises a solid component and a liquid component.

The solid components comprise the following components in parts by weight: 6-10 parts of clothianidin, 6-10 parts of a film forming agent and 0.1-1.5 parts of a coloring agent; the liquid component comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.495-6 parts of chlorantraniliprole. Wherein, the chlorantraniliprole can also be 3.256 parts or 5.538 parts by weight.

Further, the liquid composition also comprises 1-2 parts by weight of N- (2-methoxyacetyl) -N- (2, 6-xylyl) -D-alanine methyl ester and 3.5-4.5 parts by weight of prochloraz copper salt.

Preferably, the liquid component comprises 1.604 parts of N- (2-methoxyacetyl) -N- (2, 6-xylyl) -D-alanine methyl ester and 4.003 parts of prochloraz copper salt.

Further, the liquid component also comprises 3.5-4 parts by weight of plant biological regulator. Preferably, the liquid component comprises 3.748 parts of the plant bioregulator.

Specifically, the plant biological regulator comprises 135 parts by weight of gibberellic acid, 0.52 part by weight of indoleacetic acid and 0.31 part by weight of 14-hydroxy brassinol.

Further, the solid component also comprises 4-4.5 parts of tetramethylthiuram disulfide and 4-4.5 parts of 2, 3-dihydro-5- (N-formanilide) -6-methyl-1, 4-oxadioxin in parts by weight. Preferably, the solid component comprises 4.394 parts of tetramethylthiuram disulfide and 4.394 parts of 2, 3-dihydro-5- (formanilide) -6-methyl-1, 4-oxathiacin.

Specifically, the film-forming agent is at least one of gelatin fiber, cyclodextrin, chitosan, acacia and sodium carboxymethylcellulose; the coloring agent is active bright red.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a coating method of the sesame seed coating agent, which comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing all solid coating agent components, mixing uniformly and putting into a container for standby;

s2, mixing the components for preparing the liquid coating agent, mixing with 0.5-1.5 weight times of water, and uniformly stirring;

s3, pouring the prepared solid coating agent component into a coating machine, stirring uniformly, immersing the sesame seeds into the liquid coating agent component for 3-6 min, taking out, draining, pouring into the coating machine, starting the coating machine to rotate forwards at a rotation speed of 500-650r/min, rotating for 1-1.5 min, then reversing for 2-2.5 min, circulating for 20-30 times, sieving, and air drying to obtain the coated sesame seeds.

In order to facilitate the statistics of the specific implementation of the coating agent and the coating method of sesame seeds, the components and contents of the coating agent and the conditions of the coating method are shown in table 1 for the convenience of subsequent evaluation. In table 1, the solid components are labeled: clothianidin (G1), film former (G2), colorant (G3), tetramethylthiuram disulfide (G4), and 2, 3-dihydro-5- (formanilide) -6-methyl-1, 4-oxathialin (G5); the liquid components are labeled: chlorantraniliprole (Y1), N- (2-methoxyacetyl) -N- (2, 6-xylyl) -D-alanine methyl ester (Y2), prochloraz copper salt (Y3) and plant biological regulator (Y4).

TABLE 1 (parts by weight)

Examples	G1	G2	G3	G4	G5	Y1	Y2	Y3	Y4
										Example 1	6	8	0.8	-	-	0.495	1.604	4.003	3.748
Example 2	6.669	8	0.8	-	-	0.495	1.604	4.003	3.748
										Example 3	9.895	8	0.8	-	-	0.495	1.604	4.003	3.748
Example 4	10	8	0.8	-	-	0.495	1.604	4.003	3.748
										Example 5	9.895	6	0.1	-	-	0.495	1.604	4.003	3.748
Example 6	9.895	10	1.5	-	-	0.495	1.604	4.003	3.748
										Example 7	9.895	10	1.5	-	-	0.495	1.604	4.003	3.5
Example 8	9.895	10	1.5	-	-	0.495	1.604	4.003	4
										Example 9	9.895	8	0.8	-	-	0.495	1.604	4.003	-
Example 10	9.895		0.8	-	-	3.256	1.604	4.003	-
										Example 11	9.895	8	0.8	-	-	5.538	1.604	4.003	-
Example 12	9.895	8	0.8	-	-	0.495	1	4.003	-
										Example 13	9.895	8	0.8	-	-	0.495	2	4.003	-
Example 14	9.895	8	0.8	-	-	0.495	1.604	3.5	-
										Example 15	9.895	8	0.8	-	-	0.495	1.604	4.5	-
Example 16	6.669	-	-	4.394	4.394	5.538	-	-	-
										Example 17	6.669	-	-	4	4	3.256	-	-	-
Example 18	6.669	-	-	4.5	4.5	6	-	-	-
										Comparative example 1	5	8	0.8	-	-	0.495	1.604	4.003	3.748
Comparative example 2	11	8	0.8	-	-	0.495	1.604	4.003	3.748
										Comparative example 3	6	8	0.8	-	-	0.45	2.1	3.4	3.4
Comparative example 4	6	8	0.8	-	-	6.1	0.9	4.6	4.1
										Comparative example 5	6	8	0.8	-	-	6.1	0.9	4.6	-
Comparative example 6	6	8	0.8	-	-	0.45	2.1	3.4	-
										Comparative example 7	5	-	-	3.9	3.9	5.538	-	-	-
Comparative example 8	11	-	-	4.6	4.6	5.538	-	-	-
										Comparative example 9	6.669	-	-	4.394	4.394	0.45	-	-	-
Comparative example 10	6.669	-	-	4.394	4.394	6.1	-	-	-

In order to better evaluate the coating effect of the above coating agent, the following test examples were conducted to coat sesame seeds with the coating agent prepared in the above examples and comparative examples, and conducted an indoor germination test and a field planting test.

Full and disease-free sesame seeds (Zhongzhi 78) are taken to be treated by a coating agent, and the treated seeds are subjected to indoor germination experiments and field planting experiments.

Indoor germination experiment: the sesame seeds were coated with the coating agents prepared in the different examples and comparative examples using uncoated seeds as a control, and 50 seeds were repeatedly treated with each coating agent for 6 days of dark germination at 28 ℃, and then the normal seedling rate, the bud length (measured by taking 10 buds), the fresh weight (measured by taking 10 buds) and the bacteriostatic effect were counted.

And (3) field planting test: the coated seeds and the uncoated seeds are respectively arranged for 4 times of repetition, 10 rows are planted in each repetition, 10 holes are dibbled in each row, and 6 seeds are dibbled in each hole. Sowing in the soil moisture, covering with soil and mulching after sowing. And counting the number of normal seedlings 6d after sowing.

Urease inhibition experiments: the urease inhibition effect is evaluated by taking soil urease activity as an index. The lower the soil urease activity, the higher the urease inhibition. Soil samples (0-20cm) obtained after field tests were conducted at the ports of each example, comparative example and control group were used to determine soil urease activity (sodium phenolate-sodium hypochlorite colorimetry) as NH content of 1g soil after incubation at 37 ℃ for 24 hours₃-H in mg. The results are shown in Table 2.

TABLE 2

As can be seen from Table 2: compared with the comparative example, the normal seedling number, the average bud length and the average fresh weight of the example are obviously higher than those of the comparative example and the control group, and the average normal area number of the antenna test is also obviously higher than those of the comparative example and the control group. This indicates that the results of both the indoor and field tests of examples 1-18 are superior to those of the comparative example and control.

Moreover, as shown in fig. 1-2, the coating agent provided by the invention has coarse germination, and compared with the control group, the sesame seed germination bud is fresh and tender, the corruption is less, and the ability of resisting adversity is stronger after the coating agent provided by the invention is coated, which shows that the coating agent has the functions of bacteriostasis and disease resistance. In table 2, soil urease activity in field experiments of comparative examples, comparative examples and control groups is also shown, and the urease activity of the examples is obviously lower than that of the comparative examples and the control groups, so that the inhibition rate of the coating agent on the soil urease activity is obviously improved, the absorption of nitrogen nutrients by sesame seeds is facilitated, and the fertilizer efficiency of a nitrogen fertilizer is prolonged.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.