阅读说明：本技术 一种基于电动挡烟垂壁的中庭地铁站火灾排烟系统及方法 (Electric smoke blocking vertical wall-based fire smoke discharging system and method for atrium subway station ) 是由 史聪灵 丁伟 侯正波 刘国林 任飞 于 2021-07-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种基于电动挡烟垂壁的中庭地铁站火灾排烟系统及方法。所述排烟系统,包括站台层和站厅层,所述站台层位于地下,站厅层位于地上,在站台层公共区和站厅层公共区的中部具有贯通的中庭区域,所述站厅层公共区的顶部设置有排烟口,在所述中庭区域的顶部,具有中庭排烟口,在中庭区域的外部,站厅层公共区的顶部设置有可伸缩的电动挡烟垂壁；在所述站台层公共区的顶部还设有送风口。所述控制方法根据不同的状况,选择性的开启站厅层公共区和站台层公共区的排风口、送风口、挡烟垂壁,与中庭的排烟口紧密配合,从而达到优化排烟效果,为站内人员提供更好的疏散条件。(The invention provides a fire smoke discharging system and method for an atrium subway station based on an electric smoke blocking vertical wall. The smoke exhaust system comprises a station layer and a station hall layer, wherein the station layer is positioned underground, the station hall layer is positioned on the ground, a run-through atrium area is arranged in the middle of a station layer public area and a station hall layer public area, a smoke exhaust port is arranged at the top of the station hall layer public area, an atrium smoke exhaust port is arranged at the top of the atrium area, and a telescopic electric smoke blocking vertical wall is arranged at the top of the station hall layer public area outside the atrium area; and an air supply outlet is also arranged at the top of the station floor public area. The control method selectively opens the air outlets, the air supply outlets and the smoke blocking vertical walls of the station hall layer public area and the station layer public area according to different conditions, and the air outlets, the air supply outlets and the smoke blocking vertical walls are tightly matched with the smoke outlets of the atrium, so that the optimized smoke exhaust effect is achieved, and better evacuation conditions are provided for personnel in the station.)

1. An atrium subway station fire smoke discharging system based on electric smoke blocking vertical walls comprises a station platform layer and an atrium layer, wherein the station platform layer is located underground, the atrium layer is located on the ground, a through atrium area is arranged in the middle of a station platform layer public area and an atrium layer public area, and a smoke outlet is formed in the top of the atrium layer public area; and an air supply outlet is also arranged at the top of the station floor public area.

2. The smoke evacuation system of claim 1, further comprising fire detection means for detecting whether a fire occurs in the atrium region and people detection means for detecting people distribution in the platform floor public area and the station hall floor public area.

3. The smoke evacuation system of claim 2 further comprising smoke barrier wall actuation means for actuating the smoke barrier wall to extend downwardly from the top of the lobby, i.e. in an open position; and driving the smoke blocking vertical wall to retract to a preset position from the top of the station hall, namely to be in a closed state.

4. The smoke evacuation system of claim 3, further comprising smoke detection means for detecting the presence of smoke at the top of the station hall floor public area to determine if smoke has escaped from the atrium smoke barrier wall.

5. The smoke evacuation system of claim 4, further comprising a central control system, wherein the central control system receives signals from the fire detection device, the people detection device and the smoke detection device, and controls opening and/or closing of the atrium smoke outlet, the common area of the station floor and the common area of the station floor, and the driving device of the smoke barrier.

6. The smoke evacuation system of claim 5, wherein the fire detection device detects the occurrence of a fire using an infrared device and the people detection device detects the distribution of people using an infrared device or a face recognition device.

7. The smoke evacuation system of any one of claims 1-6, wherein a station floor smoke barrier wall is further provided at the atrium penetration region at the top of the station floor common area, and the station floor smoke barrier wall is fixed.

8. A control method of a fire smoke exhaust system of a semi-underground atrium type subway station having a smoke-blocking vertical wall as claimed in any one of claims 1-7, when a fire occurs at the bottom position of the atrium, opening an atrium smoke exhaust port and performing smoke exhaust by using the following control method:

s1, judging whether the station is in the operation state, if not, opening a smoke outlet of the station hall layer public area, discharging smoke, if so, turning to the step S2;

s2, opening the atrium smoke-blocking vertical wall, namely extending the atrium smoke-blocking vertical wall downwards from the top of the atrium;

s3, detecting whether personnel exist in the station floor public area, if so, entering the step S4, otherwise, entering the step S6;

s4, further judging whether the personnel are concentrated at one end of the station floor public area according to the personnel distribution of the station floor public area, if so, opening an air supply outlet at one end of the station floor public area where the personnel are concentrated; if not, opening air supply outlets of all station floor public areas;

s5, detecting whether the smoke overflows from the atrium smoke blocking vertical wall to the upper part of the station hall floor public area, if so, closing the atrium smoke blocking vertical wall, namely, withdrawing the smoke blocking vertical wall to the inside of the station hall floor, and entering the step S7, otherwise, entering the step S8;

s6, detecting whether the smoke overflows from the atrium smoke-blocking vertical wall to the upper part of the station hall floor public area, if so, closing the atrium smoke-blocking vertical wall, namely, withdrawing the smoke-blocking vertical wall to the inside of the station hall floor, and entering the step S7, otherwise, circularly detecting whether the smoke overflows from the atrium smoke-blocking vertical wall to the upper part of the station hall floor public area;

s7, judging whether the air supply outlet of the station floor public area is opened, and if the air supply outlet is opened, entering the step S8; if not, directly opening a smoke outlet of the station hall layer public area, and entering the step S9;

s8: judging whether evacuation of people in the station is finished, if so, closing an air supply outlet of the station floor public area, then opening a smoke outlet of the station hall floor public area, and entering step S9; otherwise, the circulation detection is carried out to detect whether the evacuation of the personnel is finished. And the people evacuation is finished when all the people in the station floor public area evacuate from the station floor public area.

And S9, monitoring whether the smoke is completely discharged, if so, closing a smoke outlet of the station floor public area and closing a atrium smoke outlet, wherein the smoke is completely discharged, and the smoke is not existed in the station floor public area and the station hall floor public area.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein in step S4, the personnel densities at two ends of the platform floor public area are detected, and if the personnel densities at two ends are both less than the preset value a and the difference between the personnel densities at two ends is greater than the preset value B, the personnel are determined to be concentrated at one end of the platform floor public area with the greater personnel density.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fire ventilation and smoke exhaust, in particular to a fire smoke exhaust system and method for an atrium subway station based on an electric smoke blocking vertical wall.

Background

At present, subway stations belong to dense personnel places, and once a fire disaster occurs in a public area of the subway stations, fire smoke cannot be timely and effectively discharged, and the fire behavior cannot be controlled, so that a serious accident of crowd injury is easily caused; particularly, when a fire disaster occurs at a middle court of a semi-underground subway station, the evacuation difficulty of personnel in a platform public area is higher, and the discharge organization of toxic and harmful smoke is more difficult.

In order to solve the problems, the existing underground station engineering of the subway is provided with a ventilation and smoke exhaust system so as to effectively exhaust fire smoke of the station in time and reduce casualties and property loss caused by the fire smoke as far as possible.

However, most of public area ventilation and smoke exhaust systems of the semi-underground subway station in the prior art are arranged in non-atrium areas, and are lack of a targeted measure for fire disaster in the atrium areas, and it is difficult to prevent smoke of fire disaster in the atrium areas from diffusing to a platform or a public area of a station hall, so that adverse effects are brought to evacuation of people.

Secondly, when smoke outlets of an atrium area are arranged, the control method of the smoke exhaust system of the whole subway station has great influence, firstly, the smoke is required to be considered to be preferentially exhausted from the atrium smoke outlets, the position advantage of the atrium smoke outlets is fully utilized to quickly exhaust the smoke, and the smoke is prevented from spreading to the station hall layer; secondly, when the smoke is large, the smoke exhaust is assisted by taking the effect of a smoke outlet of a station hall layer into consideration; in addition, because the area of the atrium is large and penetrates through the station floor public area and the station hall floor public area, the smoke exhaust pressure also needs to be fully ensured, the increase of the air supply opening needs to be considered to increase the smoke exhaust pressure, and the reasonable smoke exhaust strategy formed by the cooperation of the air supply opening, the existing smoke exhaust opening and the atrium smoke exhaust opening also needs to be considered.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a fire smoke exhaust system of an atrium subway station based on an electric smoke blocking vertical wall, which can better deal with smoke control when a fire disaster occurs in an atrium area, effectively exhaust fire smoke in the atrium area in time and provide better evacuation conditions for personnel in the station.

The smoke exhaust system comprises a station layer and a station hall layer, wherein the station layer is positioned underground, the station hall layer is positioned on the ground, a run-through atrium area is arranged in the middle of a station layer public area and a station hall layer public area, a smoke exhaust port is arranged at the top of the station hall layer public area, an atrium smoke exhaust port is arranged at the top of the atrium area, and a telescopic electric smoke blocking vertical wall is arranged at the top of the station hall layer public area outside the atrium area; and an air supply outlet is also arranged at the top of the station floor public area.

Compared with the prior art, the smoke outlet is arranged in the top area of the atrium, so that smoke can be directly discharged when a fire disaster occurs at the bottom of the atrium; in addition, the telescopic electric smoke-blocking vertical wall is arranged in the station hall layer public area, so that when a fire disaster occurs in the atrium area, the smoke-blocking vertical wall extends out to delay the smoke from spreading to the station hall layer public area, and the safety of personnel in the station hall layer public area is ensured; when the smoke is large, the smoke blocking vertical wall is retracted, and the smoke outlet of the station hall floor public area can be fully utilized to accelerate the discharge of the smoke; meanwhile, air supply outlets are arranged in a station hall layer public area and a station layer public area on the basis of the traditional smoke exhaust system technology, so that positive pressure in an atrium area is favorably formed, fresh oxygen can be provided for personnel in the atrium area, and favorable conditions are provided for safe evacuation.

Furthermore, the system also comprises a fire detection device and a personnel detection device, wherein the fire detection device is used for detecting whether a fire disaster occurs in the atrium area, and the personnel detection device is used for detecting personnel distribution in the station floor public area and the station and hall floor public area.

Furthermore, the system also comprises a smoke barrier vertical wall driving device, wherein the driving device is used for driving the smoke barrier vertical wall to extend downwards from the top of the station hall, namely, the smoke barrier vertical wall is in an open state; and driving the smoke blocking vertical wall to retract to a preset position from the top of the station hall, namely to be in a closed state.

Further, the system also comprises a smoke detection device, wherein the smoke detection device is used for detecting whether smoke exists at the top of the station hall layer public area, so that whether smoke overflows from the atrium smoke barrier vertical wall is judged.

Furthermore, the system also comprises a central control system, wherein the central control system receives signals of the fire detection device, the personnel detection device and the smoke detection device, and controls the opening and/or closing of the atrium smoke outlet, the station hall layer public area and the station layer public area air supply outlet and the smoke blocking vertical wall driving device.

Further, the fire detection device detects the occurrence of a fire by using an infrared device, and the people detection device detects the distribution of people by using an infrared device or a face recognition device.

Furthermore, a station layer smoke blocking vertical wall is arranged at the top of the station layer public area and located at the middle court through area, and the station layer smoke blocking vertical wall is fixed.

The invention also provides a control method of the fire smoke exhaust system of the zhongting subway station based on the electric smoke-blocking vertical wall, the control method selectively opens the air outlet and the air supply outlet of the station hall layer public area and the station layer public area and the telescopic electric smoke-blocking vertical wall of the station hall layer public area according to different conditions, and the telescopic electric smoke-blocking vertical wall is tightly matched with the smoke outlet of the zhongting, thereby achieving the optimized smoke exhaust effect and providing better evacuation conditions for personnel in the station. Specifically, when a fire disaster occurs at the bottom of the atrium, the air supply outlets of the station floor public area and the station hall floor public area are closed, the atrium exhaust port is opened, and the detailed control is further carried out by adopting the following control steps:

s1, judging whether the station is in the operation state, if not, opening a smoke outlet of the station hall layer public area, discharging smoke, if so, turning to the step S2;

s2, opening the atrium smoke-blocking vertical wall, namely extending the atrium smoke-blocking vertical wall downwards from the top of the atrium;

s3, detecting whether personnel exist in the station floor public area, if so, entering the step S4, otherwise, entering the step S6;

s4, further judging whether the personnel are concentrated at one end of the station floor public area according to the personnel distribution of the station floor public area, if so, opening an air supply outlet at one end of the station floor public area where the personnel are concentrated; if not, opening air supply outlets of all station floor public areas;

s5, detecting whether the smoke overflows from the atrium smoke blocking vertical wall to the upper part of the station hall floor public area, if so, closing the atrium smoke blocking vertical wall, namely, withdrawing the smoke blocking vertical wall to the inside of the station hall floor, and entering the step S7, otherwise, entering the step S8;

s6, detecting whether the smoke overflows from the atrium smoke-blocking vertical wall to the upper part of the station hall floor public area, if so, closing the atrium smoke-blocking vertical wall, namely, withdrawing the smoke-blocking vertical wall to the inside of the station hall floor, and entering the step S7, otherwise, circularly detecting whether the smoke overflows from the atrium smoke-blocking vertical wall to the upper part of the station hall floor public area;

s7, judging whether the air supply outlet of the station floor public area is opened, and if the air supply outlet is opened, entering the step S8; if not, directly opening a smoke outlet of the station hall layer public area, and entering the step S9;

s8: judging whether evacuation of people in the station is finished, if so, closing an air supply outlet of the station floor public area, then opening a smoke outlet of the station hall floor public area, and entering step S9; otherwise, the circulation detection is carried out to detect whether the evacuation of the personnel is finished. And the people evacuation is finished when all the people in the station floor public area evacuate from the station floor public area.

And S9, monitoring whether the smoke is completely discharged, if so, closing the smoke outlet of the station hall layer public area, and closing the atrium smoke outlet. The flue gas emission is finished, namely no flue gas exists in the station floor public area and the station hall floor public area.

Further, in step S4, the personnel densities at the two ends of the station floor public area are detected, and if the personnel densities at the two ends are both smaller than the preset value a and the difference between the personnel densities at the two ends is greater than the preset value B, it is determined that the personnel are concentrated at one end of the station floor public area with a greater personnel density.

According to the smoke exhaust system and the smoke exhaust method, the function of the smoke outlet of the atrium area is fully utilized, the smoke of the fire disaster is directly exhausted from the top of the atrium by utilizing the chimney effect, the spread of the smoke to the public area of the station hall layer is reduced, and the smoke is exhausted in time; meanwhile, different opening opportunities are selected by utilizing the telescopic electric smoke-blocking vertical wall aiming at the spreading condition of smoke, so that the discharge of the smoke is accelerated; and air supply channels are arranged in the station hall layer public area and the station layer public area, so that positive pressure in the atrium area is formed, and the exhaust of smoke is accelerated. In addition, the smoke exhaust control method fully considers the subway operation condition, personnel distribution and smoke spreading to carry out the optimal control of smoke exhaust, thereby saving the system operation cost and improving the smoke exhaust efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vertical section of a fire smoke exhaust system of a semi-underground atrium type subway station having a smoke barrier vertical wall;

fig. 2 is a flow chart of a smoke discharging method for a semi-underground atrium type subway station with a smoke blocking vertical wall.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1, the atrium subway station fire smoke exhaust system based on the electric smoke blocking vertical wall comprises a station platform layer 1 and a station hall layer 2, wherein the station platform layer 1 is located underground, the station hall layer 2 is located on the ground, a through atrium area 3 is arranged in the middle of a station platform layer 1 public area and a station hall layer 2 public area, the station platform layer public area is provided with a smoke exhaust port 4, the top of the station hall layer public area is provided with a smoke exhaust port 5, and the top of the atrium area is provided with an atrium smoke exhaust port 6; outside the atrium area 3, the top of the public area of the station hall floor 2 is provided with a telescopic electric smoke-blocking vertical wall 10, the state shown in fig. 1 is the state that the electric smoke-blocking vertical wall 10 is opened (the closed state is that the smoke-blocking vertical wall 10 is contracted to the inside of the station hall floor, and smoke can freely flow along the ceiling of the station hall floor in a transverse direction); a fixed smoke blocking vertical wall 11 is arranged outside the atrium region 3 at the top of the public area of the platform layer 1; a plurality of air supply outlets 7 are formed in the top of the station hall layer public area, and a plurality of air supply outlets 8 are formed in the top of the station platform layer public area; in the event of a fire at the bottom of the atrium, the fire ignition point 9 is schematically shown.

The electric smoke barrier vertical wall 10 is driven by a smoke barrier vertical wall driving device (not shown), and the driving device is used for driving the smoke barrier vertical wall to extend downwards from the top of the station hall, namely, the smoke barrier vertical wall is in an open state; and driving the smoke blocking vertical wall to retract to a preset position from the top of the station hall, namely to be in a closed state.

The system further comprises fire detection means for detecting whether a fire has occurred in the atrium zone and personnel detection means (both not shown) for detecting personnel distribution in the station hall level public area and the station floor public area. The fire detection system detects the occurrence of a fire by using an infrared device, and the personnel detection device detects the distribution of personnel by using an infrared device or a face recognition device.

The system further comprises a smoke detection device (not shown) for detecting whether smoke exists at the top of the station hall floor public area, so as to judge whether smoke overflows from the atrium smoke barrier vertical wall. The smoke detection device can judge whether smoke overflows from the smoke blocking vertical wall to the top of the station hall layer by adopting an image recognition mode, for example, images of the top of the station hall layer close to the atrium area are recorded at regular intervals, and when the image signals are obviously changed and are biased to be black, the smoke overflow is judged; or a heat induction mode is adopted, because the temperature of the smoke is usually higher than the indoor temperature, when the temperature of the common area at the top of the station hall layer is obviously increased near the atrium area, the smoke can be judged to overflow from the smoke-blocking vertical wall.

The system utilizes a central control system to receive signals of the fire detection device, the personnel detection device and the smoke detection device and control the opening and/or closing of the air supply outlets of the atrium smoke outlet, the station hall layer public area and the station layer public area and the driving device of the smoke blocking vertical wall 10. And the station floor public area smoke outlet 4 is used for being opened to discharge smoke when a fire disaster happens in the station floor public area.

Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a control method of the fire smoke exhaust system for the semi-underground atrium subway station, when a fire occurs at the bottom of the atrium, the air supply outlets of the platform layer public area and the station hall layer public area are closed, the atrium smoke exhaust outlet is opened, and the following control method is adopted for smoke exhaust:

s1, judging whether the station is in the operation state, if not, opening a smoke outlet of the station hall layer public area, discharging smoke, if so, turning to the step S2;

s2, opening the atrium smoke-blocking vertical wall, namely extending the atrium smoke-blocking vertical wall downwards from the top of the atrium;

s3, detecting whether personnel exist in the station floor public area, if so, entering the step S4, otherwise, entering the step S6;

s4, further judging whether the personnel are concentrated at one end of the station layer public area according to the personnel distribution of the station layer public area (detecting the personnel density at two ends of the station layer public area, if the personnel density at two ends is less than a preset value A and the difference value of the personnel density at two ends is greater than a preset value B, judging that the personnel are concentrated at one end of the station layer public area with higher personnel density), if so, opening the air supply outlet 8 at one end of the station layer public area where the personnel are concentrated; if not, opening air supply outlets 8 of all station floor public areas;

s5, detecting whether the smoke overflows from the atrium smoke blocking vertical wall to the upper part of the station hall floor public area, if so, closing the atrium smoke blocking vertical wall, namely, withdrawing the smoke blocking vertical wall to the inside of the station hall floor, and entering the step S7, otherwise, entering the step S8;

s6, detecting whether the smoke overflows from the atrium smoke-blocking vertical wall to the upper part of the station hall floor public area, if so, closing the atrium smoke-blocking vertical wall, namely, withdrawing the smoke-blocking vertical wall to the inside of the station hall floor, and entering the step S7, otherwise, circularly detecting whether the smoke overflows from the atrium smoke-blocking vertical wall to the upper part of the station hall floor public area;

s7, judging whether the air supply outlet of the station floor public area is opened, and if the air supply outlet is opened, entering the step S8; if not, directly opening a smoke outlet of the station hall layer public area, and entering the step S9;

s8: judging whether evacuation of people in the station is finished, if so, closing an air supply outlet of the station floor public area, then opening a smoke outlet of the station hall floor public area, and entering step S9; otherwise, circularly detecting whether the people are evacuated or not (the judgment of whether the people are evacuated or not is also carried out according to the method for detecting the density of the people); the people evacuation completion means that all the people in the station floor public area evacuate from the station floor public area;

and S9, monitoring whether the smoke is completely discharged, if so, closing the smoke outlet of the station hall layer public area, and closing the atrium smoke outlet 6. The flue gas emission is finished, namely no flue gas exists in the station floor public area and the station hall floor public area.

The control method selectively opens the air outlets and the air supply outlets of the station hall layer public area and the station layer public area and the telescopic electric smoke blocking vertical wall according to different conditions, and the telescopic electric smoke blocking vertical wall is tightly matched with the smoke outlet of the atrium, so that the optimized smoke exhaust effect is achieved, and better evacuation conditions are provided for personnel in the station.

The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.