Converter tapping angle optimization method
阅读说明：本技术 一种转炉出钢角度优化方法 (Converter tapping angle optimization method ) 是由 杨洪 徐光庆 饶刚 常发 邹世文 于 2019-11-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种转炉出钢角度优化方法,包括以下步骤：步骤一、采集至少三个出钢口更换周期内的所有炉次的出钢数据,即将每一炉次出钢时,在出钢时长范围内每隔预设的时间间隔设置一个数据读取点作为出钢时间点,采集每一炉次出钢时,所有出钢时间点对应的转炉倾动角度；步骤二、生成摇炉曲线,即将每一出钢时间点采集的所有转炉倾动角度取平均值作为该出钢时间点合理转炉倾动角度,从而得到摇炉曲线；步骤三、每一炉次出钢时,根据摇炉曲线对转炉倾动角度进行修正,并对出钢时的转炉倾动角度进行实时控制。本发明不但成本较低,而且不需要人工实时修正,因而极大的减小了操作工的劳动强度,提高了生产质量。(The invention relates to a converter tapping angle optimization method, which comprises the following steps: step one, collecting tapping data of all heats in at least three tapping hole replacement periods, namely setting a data reading point as a tapping time point every preset time interval in a tapping duration range when tapping for each heat, and collecting converter tilting angles corresponding to all tapping time points when tapping for each heat; step two, generating a rocking furnace curve, namely taking an average value of all converter tilting angles collected at each tapping time point as a reasonable converter tilting angle at the tapping time point, thereby obtaining the rocking furnace curve; and step three, correcting the tilting angle of the converter according to the furnace swinging curve when tapping for each furnace, and controlling the tilting angle of the converter in real time when tapping. The invention has lower cost and does not need manual real-time correction, thereby greatly reducing the labor intensity of operators and improving the production quality.)
1. A converter tapping angle optimization method comprises the following steps:
step one, collecting tapping data of all heats in at least three tapping hole replacement periods
Setting a data reading point as a tapping time point every preset time interval within the tapping duration range when tapping for each heat, and if k +1 tapping time points are set in total, respectively recording the tapping time points as t0, t1, … and tk; collecting the tilting angles of the converter corresponding to all tapping time points during tapping of each heat, and respectively recording the tilting angles as Ae0, Ae1, … and Aek;
step two, generating a rocking furnace curve
Assuming that i heats are collected, the tilting angles of the converter collected at each tapping time point tj are i, and the i tilting angles of the converter are sorted according to size and are sequentially recorded as Aej1, Aej2, …, Aeji, j belongs to [0, k ];
respectively removing the maximum 10 data and the minimum 10 data of the tilting angle of the converter corresponding to each tapping time point tj, and then taking the average value of the residual dataAs a reasonable tilting angle of the converter at the tapping time tj, i.e.
Taking all tapping time points and corresponding reasonable converter tilting angles as a converter rocking curve;
step three, controlling the tilting angle of the converter during tapping according to the furnace swinging curve
When tapping for each furnace, from the tapping time point t3, correcting the tilting angle of the converter according to the furnace swinging curve, and the specific method is as follows:
calculating the tapping time variation delta t of each tapping time point tx:
tapping time correction quantity delta t of each tapping time point txmin：
Corrected tapping time t1x＝t1(x-1)+Δt+Δtmin；
In the formula, N is the average furnace number between two steel outlets;
n is the number of tapping times after the steel outlet is changed, namely, the nth furnace, and when N is more than N, taking N as N;
tmaxthe longest tapping time of the converter;
tminthe shortest tapping time of the converter;
t1(x-1) is the tapping time point which is the tapping time point tx and is corrected before the tapping time point tx, and x is more than or equal to 3;
according to the corrected tapping time point t1x and the corresponding reasonable converter tilting angle, and real-time control is carried out on the converter tilting angle during tapping.
2. The method for optimizing the tapping angle of a converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: and when the tapping data is collected in the first step, if the corresponding heat is judged to be unqualified, removing the data corresponding to the heat, namely deleting the tapping time point and the corresponding tilting angle of the converter in the heat.
3. The method for optimizing the tapping angle of a converter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: and when the tapping data are collected in the first step and the converter tilting angle corresponding to the tapping time point exceeds a preset threshold value, deleting the converter tilting angle data.
4. The method for optimizing the tapping angle of a converter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the time interval between the tapping time point t0 and the tapping time point t1 was 5 seconds for each tap from the heat, the time interval from the tapping time point t1 to the tapping time point t2 was also 5 seconds, and the time interval between the two tapping time points thereafter was 20 seconds.
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for optimizing a tapping angle of a converter, and belongs to the technical field of converter operation.
Background
In the prior art, the tapping operation of the converter is basically manually controlled, namely, an operator manually shakes the converter to control the tilting angle of the converter, molten steel at a tapping hole is always kept flowing into a ladle, and the operator operates the converter to tilt and operates a ladle car while observing the molten steel flow during the tapping process.
The applicant searches and finds that Chinese patent with publication number CN106498111A discloses an automatic steel tapping control method based on a converter secondary control system, and the method mainly calculates the residual molten steel in a converter through a slag-off infrared monitoring system, a ladle car weighing device and the like, and then adjusts the tilting angle of the converter. However, the method has higher requirements on the precision and the stability of slag discharge detection and buggy ladle weighing, and the hardware investment is large. Chinese patent publication No. CN107099637A discloses a method for controlling automatic tapping of a converter, which presets a tapping curve, but the method does not consider that the tapping time is affected by the change of the tapping hole, the deviation is large, and manual real-time correction is required, thus actually reducing the automation degree, although the cost investment is not large.
Therefore, a new method is adopted, an optimal rocking furnace curve is obtained through a large amount of data acquisition and optimization calculation, and the rocking furnace curve is applied to the automatic tapping process, so that the method is very necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: the method for optimizing the tapping angle of the converter is low in cost, manual real-time correction is not needed, and therefore the labor intensity of operators is reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a converter tapping angle optimization method comprises the following steps:
step one, collecting tapping data of all heats in at least three tapping hole replacement periods
Setting a data reading point as a tapping time point every preset time interval within the tapping duration range when tapping for each heat, and if k +1 tapping time points are set in total, respectively recording the tapping time points as t0, t1, … and tk; collecting the tilting angles of the converter corresponding to all tapping time points during tapping of each heat, and respectively recording the tilting angles as Ae0, Ae1, … and Aek;
step two, generating a rocking furnace curve
Assuming that i heats are collected, the tilting angles of the converter collected at each tapping time point tj are i, and the i tilting angles of the converter are sorted according to size and are sequentially recorded as Aej1, Aej2, …, Aeji, j belongs to [0, k ];
respectively removing the maximum 10 data and the minimum 10 data of the tilting angle of the converter corresponding to each tapping time point tj, and then taking the average value of the residual dataAs a reasonable tilting angle of the converter at the tapping time tj, i.e.
Taking all tapping time points and corresponding reasonable converter tilting angles as a converter rocking curve;
step three, controlling the tilting angle of the converter during tapping according to the furnace swinging curve
When tapping for each furnace, from the tapping time point t3, correcting a reasonable tilting angle of the converter according to a furnace swinging curve, and the specific method is as follows:
calculating the tapping time variation delta t of each tapping time point tx:
tapping time correction quantity delta t of each tapping time point txmin：
Corrected tapping time t1x＝t1(x-1)+Δt+Δtmin；
In the formula, N is the average furnace number between two steel outlets;
n is the number of tapping times after the steel outlet is changed, namely, the nth furnace, and when N is more than N, taking N as N;
tmaxthe longest tapping time of the converter;
tminthe shortest tapping time of the converter;
t1(x-1) is the tapping time point which is the tapping time point tx and is corrected before the tapping time point tx, and x is more than or equal to 3;
according to the corrected tapping time point t1x and the corresponding reasonable converter tilting angle, and real-time control is carried out on the converter tilting angle during tapping.
According to the method, after converter tapping time and angle data are acquired, a converter rocking curve of normal tapping is calculated, so that the corresponding relation between time and converter tilting angle in the tapping process is obtained, on the basis, accurate optimization calculation is carried out aiming at the conditions that a tapping hole is continuously corroded to be larger and the tapping is faster and faster in the tapping process, finally, a converter rocking curve of current furnace tapping is calculated, namely the converter rocking curve of normal tapping is corrected, and the corrected converter rocking curve realizes automatic control of the converter angle through an automatic system. The method of the invention almost does not need hardware investment, is easy to realize, has lower cost, automatically finishes all control processes, does not need manual real-time correction, and has higher efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the corresponding relationship between the tilting angle of the converter and the tapping time point in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Example one
The converter tapping angle optimization method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, collecting tapping data of all heats in at least three tapping hole replacement periods
Setting a data reading point as a tapping time point every preset time interval within the tapping duration range when tapping for each heat, and if k +1 tapping time points are set in total, respectively recording the tapping time points as t0, t1, … and tk; and collecting the tilting angles of the converter corresponding to all tapping time points when tapping is carried out at each furnace, and respectively recording the tilting angles as Ae0, Ae1, … and Aek.
In the embodiment, one steel tapping hole replacement period is formed between two times of steel tapping hole replacement. The tapping time length is defined as the tapping time length of the current furnace, wherein the tapping time length is the time length from the beginning when the angle of the converter passes-50 degrees to the end when the furnace lifting is detected at the moment of slag tapping.
And when the tapping data is collected, if the corresponding heat is judged to be unqualified, rejecting the data corresponding to the heat, namely deleting the tapping time point and the corresponding tilting angle of the converter in the heat. In addition, when the converter tilting angle corresponding to the tapping time point exceeds a preset threshold value, the converter tilting angle data is deleted, and the preset threshold value is an empirical value.
In this embodiment, k is 25, that is, 26 groups of data are collected during tapping of each heat, wherein the data of 5 heats are shown as curves s1, s2, s3, s4 and s5 in fig. 1. Table 1 is a table of correspondence between tapping time points and tilting angles of the converter for one set of data.
TABLE 1
Preferably, in this embodiment, the time interval between the tapping time point t0 and the tapping time point t1 is 5 seconds, the time interval between the tapping time point t1 and the tapping time point t2 is 5 seconds, and the time interval between the tapping time points is 20 seconds thereafter.
Step two, generating a rocking furnace curve
Assuming that i heats are collected, the tilting angles of the converter collected at each tapping time point tj are i, and the i tilting angles of the converter are sorted according to size and are sequentially recorded as Aej1, Aej2, …, Aeji, j belongs to [0, k ];
for each tapping time point tj pairRespectively removing the maximum 10 data and the minimum 10 data according to the tilting angle of the converter, and then taking the average value of the rest dataAs a reasonable tilting angle of the converter at the tapping time tj, i.e.
And taking all tapping time points and corresponding reasonable converter tilting angles as a converter rocking curve.
By adopting the method, the maximum data and the minimum data are removed, the furnace rocking curve can reflect the change of the steel tapping hole (namely the tilting angle of the converter is in an allowable range), the steel tapping time is highly consistent with the furnace condition, the steel tapping time is rapid and reasonable, and the slag discharging amount is in a reasonable range.
Taking t1 and t2 tapping time points as examples, obtaining reasonable converter angle values of-80 degrees and-83.1 degrees at the t1 and t2 tapping time points according to the collected qualified data, and calculating sequentially until obtaining a reasonable converter angle value of-107.2 degrees at the t25 tapping time point. The curve s6 in fig. 1 is the rocking furnace curve calculated in this embodiment.
The curve s6 represents the average rocking furnace curve of the tapping process, but in actual use, the steel flow is larger and larger due to the gradual erosion and enlargement of the tap hole, and the tapping time is shorter and shorter, and continuous correction is required in order to keep the same with the variation trend of the tap hole. As the tapping speed of the tap hole becomes faster, the time between each step needs to be gradually shortened, namely the interval time is shortened after each furnace of steel is tapped until the average number of tapping furnaces is reached, and then the interval time is not adjusted, and at the moment, the stage of replacing the tap hole is approached. That is, the actual tapping time is changed according to the condition of the tap hole, and thus, dynamic correction is required during tapping.
Step three, controlling the tilting angle of the converter during tapping according to the furnace swinging curve
When tapping for each furnace, from the tapping time point t3, correcting the tilting angle of the converter according to the furnace swinging curve, and the specific method is as follows:
calculating the tapping time variation delta t of each tapping time point tx:
calculating the correction quantity delta t of tapping time of each tapping time point txmin：
Corrected tapping time t1x＝t1(x-1)+Δt+Δtmin；
In the formula, N is the average furnace number between two steel outlets;
n is the number of tapping times after the steel outlet is changed, namely, the nth furnace, and when N is more than N, taking N as N;
tmaxthe longest tapping time of the converter;
tminthe shortest tapping time of the converter;
t1(x-1) is the tapping time point which is before the tapping time point tx and is corrected, and x is more than or equal to 3.
From the time period t0 to t2, the converter must be rapidly rotated through a critical angle indicating that the level of molten steel has exceeded the tap hole position, entering a stable tapping phase, for which purpose the optimization calculation needs to start from the tapping time point t 3.
tmax、tminWhich is an inherent property of the converter, can be derived from relevant data, such as can be obtained from the documentation of the design process or the installation process. In this example tmax470 seconds, tmin400 seconds.
Assuming that the number of times of discharge between two steel outlets is 100 furnaces, N is 100.
Taking the 5 th furnace after the steel tapping hole is replaced as an example, the calculation is carried out as follows:
firstly, calculating t3 tapping time point:
thus, t3 ═ t2+16.956+0.217 ═ 10+16.95+2.89 ═ 29.84 seconds;
similarly, t4, t3+16.95+2.89, 29.84+16.95+2.89, 49.68 seconds.
......
t25 is 466.32 seconds.
Compared with the curve S6, the tapping time points from t3 to t25 are advanced in the 5 th heat tapping process, the total time is changed from 470 seconds to 466.32 seconds, the tapping time is shortened by 3.68 seconds, and the actual furnace shaking rhythm is accelerated.
After the optimization correction calculation, a rocking furnace curve table after the 5 th furnace number correction is obtained, as shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
According to the corrected tapping time point t1x and the corresponding reasonable converter tilting angle (namely the corrected converter rocking curve) to control the converter tilting angle in real time during tapping.
In summary, the embodiment mainly includes two parts, namely data acquisition and data calculation. The data acquisition firstly acquires at least three steel tapping hole replacement cycles to form a large amount of historical data. Generally, the more cycles are collected, the more accurate the tapping data.
In the actual production process, after the method is adopted by the applicant, the furnace rocking curve can reflect the change of a steel hole, the tapping time is highly consistent with the furnace condition, the tapping time is fast and reasonable, and the slag discharging amount is in a reasonable range. Moreover, the field data is ready in the current management system, and can be fully utilized only by reasonable integration, so that the benefit of the data is brought into play. The curves are calculated without manual intervention, and the system automatically calculates according to historical data. With the data volume collection increasing, the precision is higher and higher. After the device is used on site, the standardization degree is high, the manual intervention proportion is less than 5%, and the labor intensity of operators is greatly reduced.
The present invention is not limited to the specific technical solutions described in the above embodiments, and other embodiments may be made in the present invention in addition to the above embodiments. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, substitutions of equivalents, and alterations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.