阅读说明：本技术 轴弹簧及其高度调整方法 (Shaft spring and height adjusting method thereof ) 是由 小凑健吾 于 2020-08-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种轴弹簧及其高度调整方法。该轴弹簧不必在凸缘部与承受部之间插入隔片即可调整高度。该轴弹簧具备：轴芯(1)、外筒(2)、以及夹装于轴芯(1)与外筒(2)之间的弹性层(3),轴芯(1)具有：固定安装弹性层(3)的轴上部(6)、在轴上部(6)的下方形成的凸缘部(7)、以及连接设置于凸缘部(7)的轴下部(8),轴芯(1)构成为能够分离为：包含轴上部(6)的上侧轴芯(1A)、和包含凸缘部(7)及轴下部(8)的下侧轴芯(1B),通过在上侧轴芯(1A)与下侧轴芯(1B)之间插入隔片(17),从而能够调整轴弹簧的高度。(The invention provides a shaft spring and a height adjusting method thereof. The height of the shaft spring can be adjusted without inserting a spacer between the flange portion and the receiving portion. The shaft spring is provided with: axle core (1), urceolus (2) and press from both sides elastic layer (3) of locating between axle core (1) and urceolus (2), axle core (1) has: an upper shaft portion (6) to which the elastic layer (3) is fixedly attached, a flange portion (7) formed below the upper shaft portion (6), and a lower shaft portion (8) connected to the flange portion (7), wherein the shaft core (1) is configured to be separable: the height of the shaft spring can be adjusted by inserting a spacer (17) between an upper shaft core (1A) including a shaft upper portion (6) and a lower shaft core (1B) including a flange portion (7) and a shaft lower portion (8).)

1. A shaft spring is provided with: the shaft core, urceolus and press from both sides the elasticity layer of adorning between shaft core and urceolus, the shaft core has: an upper shaft portion to which the elastic layer is fixedly attached, a flange portion formed below the upper shaft portion, and a lower shaft portion connected to the flange portion, the shaft spring being characterized in that,

the shaft core is formed so as to be separable into: an upper side shaft core including the shaft upper portion, and a lower side shaft core including the flange portion and the shaft lower portion.

2. The shaft spring according to claim 1, wherein a height of the shaft spring can be adjusted by inserting a spacer between the upper axial core and the lower axial core.

3. Shaft spring according to claim 1 or 2,

the lower shaft core includes a side wall portion erected on an outer edge portion of the flange portion, and a lower end portion of the upper shaft core is fittable into a recess portion formed by the flange portion and the side wall portion.

4. An axle spring according to any one of claims 1 to 3,

the lower shaft core is provided with a flange portion at an upper end of a shaft lower portion formed in a cylindrical shape, and a fitting wall portion capable of fitting to the shaft lower portion is provided vertically on a bottom surface of the upper shaft core.

5. Axle spring according to claim 4,

a plurality of through holes are formed in the flange portion, screw holes are formed in a bottom surface portion of the upper shaft core corresponding to the through holes in a state where the upper shaft core is fitted into the recessed portion, and the upper shaft core and the lower shaft core are fixed by inserting a fastening member into the through holes and screwing the fastening member into the screw holes.

6. A method for adjusting the height of a shaft spring, the shaft spring comprising: the shaft core, urceolus and press from both sides the elasticity layer of adorning between shaft core and urceolus, the shaft core has: an upper shaft portion to which the elastic layer is fixedly attached, a flange portion formed below the upper shaft portion, and a lower shaft portion connected to the flange portion,

the shaft core is formed so as to be separable into: the shaft includes an upper shaft core including the upper portion of the shaft and a lower shaft core including the flange portion and the lower portion of the shaft, and a spacer is inserted between the upper shaft core and the lower shaft core as needed.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a shaft spring suitable for vehicles, in particular for railway vehicles, and a method for adjusting the height thereof.

Background

A common railway vehicle is constructed to support a vehicle body using front and rear bogies. The axle spring is interposed between the bogie frame and the axle-side member, and absorbs and alleviates the impact during the meandering and vertical movements. More specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the bogie 31 includes: a bogie frame 32 that supports the vehicle body; an axle 34 to which a pair of left and right wheels 33 are fitted; an axle case 35 that houses a bearing that rotatably supports the axle 34; and an axle spring 36 interposed between the bogie frame 32 and the axle box 35.

One axle spring 36 is interposed between each of the front and rear ends of the axle box 35 and the bogie frame 32. Therefore, eight axle springs 36 are used on each bogie. The following structure of the shaft spring 36 is known: elastic portions 41 of a laminated rubber structure alternately laminated in the radial direction are interposed between an axial core (main shaft) 37 and an outer cylinder 38 having the same axial center as the axial core (main shaft) 37, in a state where a plurality of rubber layers 39 and one or more hard partition walls (intermediate hard cylinders) 40 are concentric with the axial center P. The shaft core 37 has: a shaft upper portion 42 to which the elastic portion is fixedly attached, a flange portion 43 formed below the shaft upper portion 42, and a shaft lower portion 44 connected to the flange portion 43.

Concave receiving portions 45 are formed at both front and rear ends of the axle case 35, and the shaft lower portion 44 of the shaft spring 36 can be fitted into the concave receiving portions 45. When the axle spring 36 is incorporated into the bogie 31, the outer cylinder 38 of the axle spring 36 is attached to the bogie frame 32 side, and the lower shaft portion 44 of the axle spring 36 is fitted into the receiving portion 45. Thereby, the flange portion 43 abuts on the upper end of the receiving portion 45. In this state, the shaft core 37 is fixed to the receiving portion by inserting the fastening bolt 46 through a bolt hole provided in the bottom surface of the receiving portion 45 and screwing the fastening bolt into a screw hole formed in the lower portion of the shaft.

A method of manufacturing the shaft spring having the above-described structure is known: as shown in fig. 3 and 4 of patent document 1, a main shaft, an outer cylinder, and a hard partition are provided in a mold, and after the mold is closed, unvulcanized rubber is injected into the mold to vulcanize and mold the rubber layer.

The shaft spring obtained by the above-described manufacturing method may have a more or less high level deviation depending on the manufacturing lot. On the other hand, strict horizontality is required as a characteristic required for the bogie. As described above, the height of the bogie is determined by the height from the lower surface of the flange portion of the shaft spring to the upper end of the outer cylinder. Therefore, in the conventional technique, the shaft springs are grouped so that the product height of the shaft springs is within a certain range, and the height of the shaft springs is adjusted by interposing an annular spacer between the flange portion and the receiving portion for the shaft springs whose product height is out of the certain range (see, for example, a spacer 6 in fig. 4 of patent document 2).

Documents of the prior art

Patent document

Patent document 1: japanese patent publication 2011-127627

Patent document 2: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 07-121692

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

However, in recent years, it has been found that defects such as damage to a bogie and a fastening bolt, and breakage of a spacer occur, and the causes thereof include the following: the shaft spring height adjusting method in which only the spacer is inserted between the flange portion and the receiving portion is likely to cause looseness of the shaft spring.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a shaft spring whose height can be adjusted without inserting a spacer between a flange portion and a receiving portion.

(II) technical scheme

In order to solve the above-described problem, one aspect of the present invention is a shaft spring including: the shaft core, urceolus and press from both sides the elasticity layer of adorning between shaft core and urceolus, the shaft core has: an upper shaft portion to which the elastic layer is fixedly attached, a flange portion formed below the upper shaft portion, and a lower shaft portion connected to the flange portion, wherein the shaft core is formed to be separable: an upper side shaft core including the shaft upper portion, and a lower side shaft core including the flange portion and the shaft lower portion.

The shaft spring can be adjusted in height by inserting a spacer between the upper shaft core and the lower shaft core.

The lower shaft core may include a side wall portion erected on an outer edge portion of the flange portion, and a lower end portion of the upper shaft core may be fitted into a recess portion formed by the flange portion and the side wall portion.

The lower shaft core may be provided with a flange portion connected to an upper end of a shaft lower portion formed in a cylindrical shape, and a fitting wall portion that can be fitted to the shaft lower portion may be provided perpendicularly to a bottom surface of the upper shaft core.

A plurality of through holes may be formed in the flange portion, a screw hole may be formed in a bottom surface portion of the upper shaft core corresponding to the through holes in a state where the upper shaft core is fitted into the recessed portion, and a fastening member may be inserted into the through holes and screwed into the screw hole to fix the upper shaft core and the lower shaft core.

In the method for adjusting the height of the shaft spring, the shaft spring may include: the shaft core, urceolus and press from both sides the elasticity layer of adorning between shaft core and urceolus, the shaft core has: an upper shaft portion to which the elastic layer is fixedly attached, a flange portion formed below the upper shaft portion, and a lower shaft portion connected to the flange portion, wherein the shaft core is formed to be separable: the shaft includes an upper shaft core including the upper portion of the shaft and a lower shaft core including the flange portion and the lower portion of the shaft, and a spacer is inserted between the upper shaft core and the lower shaft core as needed.

(III) advantageous effects

According to the shaft spring of one aspect of the present invention, the shaft core is formed so as to be separable into: since the upper shaft core including the upper shaft portion and the lower shaft core including the flange portion and the lower shaft portion are provided, the height of the shaft spring can be adjusted by interposing the spacer between the upper shaft core and the lower shaft core without inserting the spacer between the flange portion and the receiving portion.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a shaft spring according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view a-a of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a bottom view of a lower core constituting the shaft spring of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view showing a state where the spacer is inserted into the shaft spring in fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a side view in partial cross section showing a conventional axle spring mounted to a bogie for a railway vehicle.

Description of the reference numerals

1-an axial core; 1A-upper side shaft core; 1B-lower side mandrel; 2-outer cylinder; 3-an elastic layer; 4-a rubber layer; 5-a hard partition wall; 6-upper part of shaft; 7-a flange portion; 8-lower part of shaft; 9-a sidewall portion; 11-bottom; 12-a bottom surface; 13-a fitting wall portion; 14-a through hole; 15-a threaded hole; 16-a fastening component; 17-a spacer; 18-through hole.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The axle spring according to the present embodiment is used for a railway vehicle in the same manner as the conventional axle spring described with reference to fig. 5. That is, in fig. 5, the shaft spring of the present invention may be used instead of the shaft spring 36. Fig. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a shaft spring according to the present invention, and fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 1.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the shaft spring of the present embodiment includes: the shaft comprises a shaft core 1, an outer cylinder 2 and an elastic layer 3 which is clamped between the shaft core 1 and the outer cylinder 2. The elastic layer 3 has a laminated rubber structure in which rubber layers 4 and hard bulkheads 5 are alternately laminated. The hard partition 5 is made of metal and formed in a conical tube shape. The shaft core 1, the rubber layer 4, the hard partition 5, and the outer cylinder 2 all have the same shaft center P.

The shaft core 1 is made of metal and has a hollow cylindrical shape. The shaft core 1 includes: an upper shaft portion 6 to which the elastic layer 3 is fixedly attached, a flange portion 7 formed below the upper shaft portion 6, and a lower shaft portion 8 connected to a lower side of the flange portion 7. The shaft core 1 is formed so as to be separable into: an upper axial core 1A including an upper axial portion 6, and a lower axial core 1B including a flange portion 7 and a lower axial portion 8.

The lower shaft core 1B includes: a shaft lower portion 8 formed in a cylindrical shape, a flange portion 7 connected to an upper end of the shaft lower portion 8, and a side wall portion 9 provided upright on an outer edge portion of the flange portion 7, and a bottom portion 11 of the upper shaft core 1A can be fitted in a recess portion formed by the flange portion 7 and the side wall portion 9. The upper shaft core 1A includes: a shaft upper portion 6 formed in a conical tube shape, and a bottom portion 11 formed below the shaft upper portion 6.

The bottom portion 11 is formed in a disc shape having a central hole and has an outer diameter larger than the lower end portion of the shaft upper portion 6. The lower surface of the bottom portion 11 serves as a bottom surface 12 of the upper core 1A. In the case where the shaft core 1 is a rod-shaped body or a thick cylindrical body, the cut surface that cuts the shaft core 1 becomes the bottom surface of the upper shaft core. A fitting wall portion 13 that can be fitted to the shaft lower portion 8 is provided vertically on the bottom surface 12 of the upper shaft core 1A. With the above configuration, the upper axial core 1A can be firmly fitted to the lower axial core 1B. The shaft core 1 obtained by engaging the upper shaft core 1A with the lower shaft core 1B is free from looseness with respect to displacement in the front, rear, left, and right directions, and has high strength.

Fig. 3 is a bottom view of the lower core 1B. As shown in fig. 3, a plurality of through holes 14 are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction in the flange portion 7. As shown in fig. 2, a screw hole 15 is formed in a bottom surface 12 portion of the upper shaft core 1A corresponding to the through hole 14 in a state where the upper shaft core 1A is fitted into the recess portion formed by the flange portion 7 and the side wall portion 9, and the upper shaft core 1A and the lower shaft core 1B are fastened by inserting a fastening member 16 into the through hole 14 and screwing the fastening member into the screw hole 15.

As the fastening member 16, a bolt, a screw, or the like can be used. In the present embodiment, a bolt with a hexagonal hole is used as the fastening member 16. Further, a stepped portion is formed in the through hole 14, and the head portion of the fastening member 16 can be completely accommodated in the stepped portion in a state where the fastening member 16 is screwed into the screw hole 15. This enables the upper axial core 1A and the lower axial core 1B to be firmly fastened, and the flange portion 7 to be brought into contact with the receiving portion 45, thereby stabilizing the axial core 1.

In the shaft spring having the above-described structure, when the height is adjusted, as shown in fig. 4, a spacer 17 having a predetermined thickness is inserted between the upper shaft core 1A and the lower shaft core 1B as needed. The spacer 17 is formed in an annular shape from a hard thin plate made of metal or the like having a predetermined thickness. The inner diameter and the outer diameter of the spacer 17 are substantially the same as the inner diameter of the flange 7 and the inner diameter of the side wall 9. A through hole 18 is formed in a portion of the spacer 17 corresponding to the through hole 14 of the flange 7.

The spacer 17 is provided in the flange 7 by fitting the through hole 18 to the through hole 14. Then, the screw hole 15 of the upper core 1A is fitted into the through hole 18, the upper core 1A is fitted into the lower core 1B, and the fastening member 16 is inserted into the through hole 14 from the lower surface side of the flange portion 7. Thereby, the spacer 17 is fixed in the shaft core 1 in a state where the fastening member 16 penetrates.

In a state where the upper axial core 1A is fitted to the lower axial core 1B, the bottom portion 11 is fitted to the side wall portion 9, and the fitting wall portion 13 is fitted to the shaft lower portion 8. Thus, the spacer 17 is not shaken even when inserted between the upper axial core 1A and the lower axial core 1B, and the axial core 1 having excellent strength can be obtained.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, although the present embodiment has been described with respect to the case where the upper shaft core 1A is cylindrical, the present invention is not limited to this, and the shaft core 1 may be a rod-shaped body or a thick cylindrical body. In this case, the cut surface that cuts the shaft core 1 is the bottom surface of the upper shaft core.

The constituent elements disclosed in the present embodiment and the above-described modifications can be combined with each other, and new technical features can be formed by the combination.