阅读说明：本技术 一种网格帽骨钉 (Grid cap bone nail ) 是由 张文杰 蒋欣泉 孙宁佳 祁轩宇 于 2021-02-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种网格帽骨钉,其包含：骨钉本体和与骨钉本体的顶部连接的网格状支撑部；网格状支撑部包含：外圈和连接部；外圈围绕骨钉本体的顶部；连接部呈放射状,由骨钉本体的顶部延伸至外圈,以连接骨钉本体的顶部和外圈；网格状支撑部的网格孔径为2-6mm的大孔。本发明的网格设计可降低应力集中,利于钉部表面黏膜组织与下方组织整合,以便交互输送营养,促进骨再生并避免黏膜组织因缺血而坏死；植入网格状骨钉后,即可搭建一定的骨再生空间,通过网格结构向骨再生区域输送骨粉等骨再生材料,网格结构也方便通过缝扎等方式固定骨膜,避免了传统GBR术中,骨粉、骨膜移位的情况。术中还可先根据缺损范围,预成型网格的形状。(The invention discloses a grid cap bone nail, which comprises: the bone nail comprises a bone nail body and a grid-shaped supporting part connected with the top of the bone nail body; the grid-shaped support part comprises: an outer ring and a connecting portion; the outer ring surrounds the top of the bone nail body; the connecting part is radial and extends from the top of the bone nail body to the outer ring so as to connect the top of the bone nail body with the outer ring; the mesh aperture of the mesh-shaped supporting part is a big hole with 2-6 mm. The grid design of the invention can reduce stress concentration, is beneficial to the integration of the mucous membrane tissue on the surface of the nail part and the lower tissue, so as to convey nutrition interactively, promote bone regeneration and avoid the necrosis of the mucous membrane tissue caused by ischemia; after the latticed bone nail is implanted, certain bone regeneration space can be set up, bone regeneration materials such as bone meal are conveyed to a bone regeneration area through the grid structure, the grid structure is convenient to fix periosteum through modes such as sewing, and the condition that bone meal and periosteum shift in the traditional GBR (bone guaranteed ratio) operation is avoided. The shape of the mesh can also be preformed during the operation according to the defect range.)

1. A grid cap bone screw, comprising: a bone screw body (20) and a grid-shaped support part (10) connected with the top part (23) of the bone screw body (20); the lattice-shaped support (10) comprises: an outer ring (11) and a connecting portion (12); the outer ring (11) surrounds a top portion (23) of the bone screw body (20); the connecting part (12) is radial and extends from the top (23) of the bone nail body (20) to the outer ring (11) so as to connect the top (23) of the bone nail body (20) with the outer ring (11); the aperture of the grid (30) of the grid-shaped supporting part (10) is 2-6 mm.

2. The grid cap bone nail according to claim 1, characterized in that the grid-like support (10) further comprises: a reinforcement section (13); the reinforcing part (13) is an inner ring surrounding the top part (23) of the bone nail body (20) and is arranged between the top part (23) of the bone nail body (20) and the outer ring (11); the reinforcing part (13) is connected to the connecting part (12).

3. Grid cap bone peg according to claim 1, characterized in that the grid-like support (10) is of a mouldable material.

4. Grid cap bone peg according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting part (12) and the reinforcement part (13) have a diameter of 0.5-1 mm.

5. The mesh cap bone screw according to claim 1, characterized in that said bone screw body (20) comprises: a spiral planting part (21) and a smooth part (22) connecting the spiral planting part (21) and the top part (23) of the bone nail body (20).

6. The mesh cap bone nail according to claim 6, characterized in that the top (23) of the bone nail body (20) has a diameter of 3-4mm and a thickness of 1-2 mm; the height of the smooth part (22) is 2-4mm, and the diameter is 1-2 mm; the height of the spiral planting part (21) is 1-3mm, and the diameter is 1-2 mm.

7. The grid cap bone nail according to claim 1, wherein an osseous repair film covers the upper part of the grid cap bone nail, and the osseous repair film is fixed on the grid cap bone nail in a suturing mode.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of oral medical instruments, in particular to a grid cap bone nail.

Background

The bone quality and insufficient bone quantity of the edentulous area in the oral treatment seriously affect the proceeding and success rate of the implant operation. Currently, bone augmentation is performed clinically by using titanium nails, titanium meshes, guided bone regeneration GBR (guided bone regeneration GBR), and the like. Wherein the titanium nail can play a role in supporting bone powder and is used for repairing small-range bone defects. The use of the titanium mesh can avoid the problems that the traditional barrier film is difficult to self-form and can not maintain the bone repair space. The GBR technology builds a bone regeneration space through a biological barrier membrane, and blocks epithelial cells or fibroblasts from entering bone defect areas, so that a good regeneration environment is provided for osteogenesis related cells, and bone regeneration is promoted.

However, the long-term clinical effects of titanium nails and titanium meshes still remain to be improved: 1. the surface of the titanium nail has stress to the soft tissue, and the lower part of the soft tissue is easy to be broken due to insufficient blood supply. 2. The problem of biological barrier membrane displacement exists in the traditional GBR operation. 3. The use of titanium mesh has the problem of stress accumulation, which often causes the surface soft tissue to crack and the titanium mesh to be exposed. In the traditional operation, a full-thickness valve is usually adopted to contain a full-layer mucosa and a periosteum in the process of using the titanium mesh, because the aperture of the titanium mesh is small, blood vessels are difficult to communicate tissues above and below the titanium mesh, the valve turning operation range is large, and the situation of postoperative swelling can appear in a patient. When the titanium mesh is used in cooperation with the GBR operation, bone powder needs to be implanted in a bone defect area firstly, and then the titanium mesh is covered, so that the problem of bone powder displacement exists in the process.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a novel grid cap bone nail which is used for solving the problems of easy bone powder displacement and poor periosteum retention capability in GBR (bone marrow total syndrome) operation in the process of treating the bone augmentation when the bone mass of jawbone and the bone mass are insufficient.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a lattice cap bone nail comprising: the bone nail comprises a bone nail body and a grid-shaped supporting part connected with the top of the bone nail body; the lattice-shaped support portion includes: an outer ring and a connecting portion; the outer ring surrounds the top of the bone nail body; the connecting part is radial and extends from the top of the bone nail body to the outer ring so as to connect the top of the bone nail body with the outer ring; the mesh aperture of the latticed supporting part is 2-6 mm.

Preferably, the grid-shaped supporting part further comprises: a reinforcing portion; the reinforcing part is an inner ring surrounding the top of the bone nail body and is arranged between the top of the bone nail body and the outer ring; the reinforcing part is connected with the connecting part.

Preferably, the grid-shaped supporting part is made of a plastic material.

Preferably, the connecting portion and the reinforcing portion have a diameter of 0.5 to 1 mm.

Preferably, the bone nail body comprises: the screw planting part and the smooth part are connected with the top of the screw planting part and the top of the bone nail body.

Preferably, the diameter of the top of the bone nail body is 3-4mm, and the thickness of the top of the bone nail body is 1-2 mm; the height of the smooth part is 2-4mm, and the diameter is 1-2 mm; the height of the spiral planting part is 1-3mm, and the diameter of the spiral planting part is 1-2 mm.

Preferably, the upper part of the grid cap bone nail is covered with a bone repair film, and the bone repair film is sutured and fixed on the grid cap bone nail.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. compared with the traditional titanium nail, the grid design of the invention can reduce stress concentration, the grid structure is beneficial to the growth of blood vessels, the nutrition is delivered to the soft tissue on the surface of the nail part, and the ischemia necrosis of the soft tissue is avoided.

2. Can be earlier according to defective scope in the art, the shape of preforming net after implanting latticed bone nail, can build certain bone regeneration space, through grid structure to bone regeneration regional bone regeneration materials such as bone meal of carrying, avoided in the traditional GBR art, the condition of bone meal, periosteum aversion.

3. The bone nail designed by the invention can be artificially built according to the bone regeneration space range required to form different shapes. The grid-shaped bone nail can be flexibly combined for use, and bone defects in different ranges can be recovered in an individualized way.

4. The grid cap bone nail designed by the invention is made of degradable materials, so that the grid cap bone nail is prevented from being taken out in a secondary operation. And a special surface treatment mode is adopted, a coating with a micro-nano structure is formed on the surface of the material, so that drug loading and growth factor slow release are facilitated, and the bone increment effect is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the grid cap bone nail of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the grid cap bone screw shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a lattice-shaped support in the lattice-capped bone screw shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a lattice-shaped support provided with a reinforcement.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the grid cap bone nail of the invention. Fig. 2 is a side view of the grid cap bone screw shown in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the lattice cap bone nail of the present invention comprises: a bone screw body 20 and a lattice-shaped support 10 connected to the top of the bone screw body 20. The side view of the grid cap bone nail is basically T-shaped. As shown in fig. 3, the lattice-shaped support portion 10 includes: an outer race 11 and a connecting portion 12. The outer ring 11 surrounds the top 23 of the bone nail body 20; the connecting portion 12 is radial and extends from the top 23 of the bone screw body 20 to the outer ring 11 to connect the top 23 of the bone screw body 20 and the outer ring 11. The top part 23 of the bone screw body 20 is located at the central part of the grid-shaped support part 10. The lattice-shaped support 10 is formed in a lattice shape having a lattice 30. The lattice cap bone screw shown in fig. 1 has 4 connecting rods at the connecting part 12. The number of connecting rods is not limited to 4. The lattice-shaped supporting portion 10 is made of a plastic material, such as titanium metal, tantalum metal, stainless steel, PEEK, and a degradable material. The degradable material can be natural degradable high molecular material (collagen, chitosan, gelatin, hyaluronic acid, fibroin), natural degradable inorganic material (coral), synthetic degradable high molecular material (polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, polycaprolactone), synthetic degradable inorganic material (calcium phosphate cement, hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate) and degradable metal (magnesium alloy) according to the source. The ideal degradable biomaterial should have the following characteristics: (1) good physical and mechanical properties and plasticity, plays a supporting role and can change the shape as required; (2) good biocompatibility; (3) bone conduction and osteoinduction, the degradation rate is matched with the bone regeneration and repair rate; (4) has mutually communicated pore diameter and porosity, and is beneficial to the exchange of nutrient substances and metabolic wastes.

The grid-shaped supporting part 10 has certain strength, has the function of building and supporting a bone regeneration space, has plasticity, and can pre-form the bending degree and the shape of the grid-shaped top of the bone nail according to different bone defect ranges. Utilize traditional GBR membrane or tent nail to keep bone regeneration space, can also block the soft tissue for the tissue blood supply of membrane below while keeping barrier membrane soft tissue, long-term placing can lead to the wound to split, increases the infection risk. Because the grid design of the grid-shaped supporting part 10 can enable the upper and lower tissues to be communicated and integrated, and the supporting part 10 has certain elasticity, the stress to soft tissues can be reduced compared with the top of the traditional aporate titanium nail, the situation that the lower part of the soft tissues covering the bone nail is easy to be broken due to insufficient blood supply is avoided, the contact between a periosteum adhesion film and bone powder below the periosteum adhesion film can be ensured, and nutrition is provided to accelerate bone formation.

As shown in fig. 4, to improve the supporting strength, a reinforcing part 13 may be provided on the lattice-shaped supporting part 10. The reinforcing part 13 is arranged between the top part 23 of the bone nail body 20 and the outer ring 11, and the reinforcing part 13 is connected with the connecting part 12 in an inner ring surrounding the top part 23 of the bone nail body 20. More than 1 reinforcing part 13 may be provided as necessary. The reinforcement portion 13 is parallel to the outer ring 11 in shape, and is formed in a closed figure with a gradually decreasing diameter, so that the lattice-shaped support portion 10 can support a bone regeneration space.

In order to improve the manual forming effect of the top of the grid cap bone nail, the grid cap bone nail shown in fig. 1 is not provided with the reinforcing part 13, only the connecting part 12 is reserved to connect the top of the bone nail body 20 with the grid-shaped supporting part 10, the design not only reserves the supporting function of the grid-shaped supporting part 10, but also improves the plasticity of the grid-shaped supporting part 10, and the grid cap is convenient to adjust the bending degree of the grid cap clinically according to the bone defect range.

The shape of the outer ring 11 of the grid-shaped supporting part 10 is divided into a long ellipse, a long strip, an ellipse and the like, and bone nails with different specifications can be selected according to bone defect ranges with different sizes. The grid cap bone nails are implanted through the bone nail body 20 into the jaw bone for retention. The connecting portion 12 and the reinforcing portion 13 have a uniform diameter of about 0.5 to 1 mm. The mesh 30 of the mesh-shaped support part 10 has an aperture of about 2-6mm, and is given flexibility so as to be preformed into different shapes as required to construct a bone regeneration space to be adapted to a bone defect area. When in use, bone regeneration materials such as bone powder and the like can be conveyed into the space supported by the titanium mesh through the mesh, and the mesh 30 with larger aperture improves the plasticity of the titanium mesh.

Referring to fig. 2, the bone screw body 20 is divided into a top portion 23, a smooth portion 22 and a spiral planting portion 21. The top of the bone nail is provided with a pattern, such as a triangular pattern and a cross pattern, so as to facilitate the implantation or the removal in the operation. The diameter of the top 23 of the bone nail body 20 is 3-4mm, the thickness is 1-2mm, the height of the smooth part 22 is 2-4mm, the diameter is 1-2mm, the height of the spiral planting part 21 is 1-3mm, and the diameter is 1-2 mm.

The grid-shaped bone nail designed by the invention is convenient to take out, and the bone nail body 20 and the grid-shaped supporting part 10 can be separated and taken out step by cutting off the connecting part 12 directly connected with the top of the bone nail body 20 in the operation.

The upper surface of the grid cap bone nail can adopt special surface treatment technologies such as plasma spraying and the like to obtain a smooth surface with antibacterial performance. The bone nail body 20 can be provided with a micro-nano porous coating structure on the surface through surface treatment methods such as micro-arc oxidation, anodic oxidation, selective laser melting and the like, and medicines for promoting bone formation or antibiosis, growth factors and the like can be loaded in the porous structure, so that the bone increment effect is improved on one hand, and periphytosis caused by bacterial infection is prevented on the other hand.

In some embodiments, the upper part of the grid-shaped bone nails can be covered with a bone repair film to realize the function of the traditional tent nails. The grid structure is convenient for fixing periosteum by means of suturing and the like, so that the problem that the periosteum is displaced in the traditional GBR operation and the mechanical strength is poor and the bone repair space cannot be maintained is solved.

As a preferable example, the grid cap bone nail can use degradable metal such as magnesium alloy or degradable biological ceramic material with proper mechanical strength to replace the traditional titanium alloy, so as to avoid secondary operation removal and reduce operation trauma.

In conclusion, the grid design of the invention can reduce stress concentration, and the grid-shaped structure is beneficial to the integration of the mucous membrane tissue on the surface of the nail part and the lower tissue so as to carry nutrition interactively, promote bone regeneration and avoid the necrosis of the mucous membrane tissue caused by ischemia; after the latticed bone nail is implanted, certain bone regeneration space can be set up, bone regeneration materials such as bone meal are conveyed to a bone regeneration area through the grid structure, the grid structure is convenient to fix periosteum through modes such as sewing, and the condition that bone meal and periosteum shift in the traditional GBR (bone guaranteed ratio) operation is avoided. The shape of the mesh can also be preformed during the operation according to the defect range.

While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.