阅读说明：本技术 用于拉紧动物皮的设备 (Device for stretching animal skins ) 是由 K·拉斯科夫斯卡 D·希特雷克 于 2020-11-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：用于拉紧一张或同时拉紧多张动物皮坯料的设备(1),其中所述设备(1)包括具有凹部(3)的支撑表面(2)和至少一对夹持装置(4),所述夹持装置(4)被设计用于固定动物皮从而使其紧贴所述支撑表面(2)并跨越所述凹部(3),并且所述设备(1)包括变形体(5),所述变形体(5)可在动物皮跨越所述凹部(3)的方向上穿过所述支撑表面(2)的凹部(3)移动。(Device (1) for tensioning one or more animal skin blanks simultaneously, wherein the device (1) comprises a support surface (2) with a recess (3) and at least one pair of gripping means (4), the gripping means (4) being designed for fixing an animal skin so that it lies against the support surface (2) and spans the recess (3), and the device (1) comprises a deformation body (5), the deformation body (5) being movable through the recess (3) of the support surface (2) in the direction in which the animal skin spans the recess (3).)

1. An apparatus (1) for tensioning one or more individual animal skin blanks simultaneously, characterized in that the apparatus (1) comprises a support surface (2) with a recess (3) and at least one pair of gripping devices (4), which gripping devices (4) are designed to hold the animal skin so that it lies against the support surface (2) and spans the recess (3), and in that the apparatus (1) comprises a deformation body (5), which deformation body (5) is movable through the recess (3) of the support surface (2) in the direction in which the animal skin spans the recess (3).

2. Device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said device (1) comprises a bracket (6) connected to said supporting surface (2).

3. The apparatus (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said apparatus (1) comprises a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder (8) connected to said deformation body (5).

4. An apparatus (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder (8) is connected to the bracket (6).

5. The apparatus (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the deformation body (5) is designed to substantially fill the recess (3) in the support surface (2).

6. Device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said gripping means (4) are designed for pressing the animal skin against said support surface (2).

7. Device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the holding means (4) are designed for fixing a plurality of animal skins without damage, so that they lie against the support surface (2) without overlapping and spanning the recess (3).

8. Device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said gripping means (4) are arranged on two opposite sides of said recess (3) of said support surface (2).

9. Apparatus (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that each of said gripping devices (4) comprises a lever (10) and a clamping portion (9) connected to said lever (10).

Technical Field

The invention relates to a device for tensioning one or simultaneously tensioning a plurality of individual animal skin blanks (blank).

Background

For the production of leather, finished leather skins are produced from animal skins by a series of mechanical and chemical processes. Since leather is used for a plurality of different applications, the quality of the animal skin must be determined before and/or after the various process steps in the leather production process in order to determine which application the finished leather skin or parts of the leather skin are suitable for. The monetary value of a leather skin also depends to a large extent on the quality of the finished leather skin.

According to the prior art, the inspection of leather skins is carried out using visual inspection methods, wherein the inspection is carried out manually by a person or in an automated manner by means of a camera system. In the quality control of animal skins, several different test devices are used to test different quality standards. The abrasion resistance is measured by a so-called Taber or Veslic or Martindale tester. The bending resistance is tested by a so-called flexometer. Flammability was tested in a flame test. Animal hides refined into leather are exposed to light and ultraviolet radiation to test their lightfastness. The color of the surface of the animal skin was analyzed colorimetrically using other devices. In addition, the strength (e.g., tensile strength, tear propagation resistance, elasticity) of animal skins that have been made into leather have also been tested. Finally, a manual and visual final check is carried out, the quality being evaluated essentially as a quality criterion with respect to the skin damage to the leather.

For example, in the case of cowhide, many different types of skin lesions are known, which can be traced back to injury, moss, mites, cracks, fork strikes, and the like. Each type of such skin lesion has a typical form, e.g. a fork strike with a small circular circumference, and the skin lesion caused by fat folds has an elongated and parallel profile.

In the context of quality control, the animal skin is tensioned so that damage to the animal skin is more easily recognized, with the result that the above-mentioned damage or corresponding quality features become more pronounced and can therefore be more easily recognized. As a result, the accuracy of quality control in the leather production process is improved.

In order to tension the animal skin, it is known from the prior art to pull the animal skin manually onto the deformation body by using considerable force or by means of toggle clamps. In particular in the case of small leather parts, such as those used in the automotive industry for producing leather steering wheels, great efforts are required by the personnel involved in the quality control in order to achieve the necessary tightening values. For these people, this permanent mechanical stress increasingly leads to physiological damage and signs of wear of the musculoskeletal system. People engaged in this activity often suffer from irreversible health problems due to long-term employment in the field and are no longer able to perform this activity. Furthermore, a uniform test cannot be ensured by applying force manually.

Disclosure of Invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a device for tightening animal skins which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a device for tensioning one or simultaneously a plurality of individual animal skin blanks having the features of claim 1.

The device according to the invention for tensioning one or simultaneously tensioning a plurality of individual animal skin blanks comprises a support surface with a recess and at least one pair of gripping means. The holding device is designed to hold the animal skin or the blanks of animal skin such that they abut the support surface and span the recess. The holding device is preferably designed for pressing the animal skin or respectively the blanks against the support surface. In this way, the blanks of animal skin are prevented from slipping. Furthermore, the clamping means are preferably arranged on two opposite sides of the recess of the support surface. Furthermore, the device comprises a deformation body which is movable through the recess of the support surface in the direction of the animal skin across the recess. When the apparatus according to the invention is in operation, the animal skin, for example the respective leather blanks, is attached to the support surface, preferably in a stable lying manner, using the holding means. In this attached state, the animal skin or each blank spans the recess in the support surface. Subsequently, the deformation body is moved in the direction of the animal skin, the deformation body passing through the recess in the support surface. As a result, the advantage is obtained that reproducible deformations of the animal skin are produced, whereby an improvement in quality control is achieved. The quality control is improved considerably more than with the devices known from the prior art, in particular because the achievable detection position of each blank will correspond to the subsequent mounting on the end product, for example a steering wheel. Furthermore, in particular when inspecting small-area leather blanks, the amount of work required by the operator is thereby reduced within the scope of quality control.

The apparatus according to the invention preferably comprises a bracket connected to the support surface. As a result, the support surface of the device is prevented from sliding during operation and a secure footing of the device is ensured.

According to a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the device comprises a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder connected to the deformation body. As a result, the advantage is obtained that the deformation body can be pressed with a greater force against the animal skin than during manual operation of the device according to the invention, so that damage to the animal skin is more likely to be detected. Furthermore, the need for manual application of force by a user of the device according to the invention is thereby eliminated. A pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder is preferably connected to the bracket.

According to the invention, the deformation body is designed to substantially fill the recess in the support surface. So that the gap between the deformation body and the support surface is minimized to reduce the risk of injury to a user of the apparatus according to the invention.

The holding device is preferably designed to hold a plurality of animal skins so that they fit snugly against the support surface without overlapping and spanning the recess. As a result, a plurality of animal skins or leather blanks can be tensioned simultaneously with the apparatus according to the invention.

According to a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, each of said clamping means comprises a lever and a clamping portion connected to said lever. As a result, the advantage is obtained that the animal skin or leather blank can be attached to the device according to the invention safely and effortlessly.

Advantageous configurations of the device according to the invention and alternative embodiment variants are described in further detail below with reference to the figures.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a variant of a first embodiment of the device for tightening animal skins according to the invention.

Fig. 2 shows an alternative embodiment variant of the device according to the invention in a top view.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a device 1 according to the invention for tensioning one or more individual animal skin blanks simultaneously in a first embodiment variant. The device 1 according to the invention comprises a support surface 2 with a recess 3. Furthermore, according to a preferred embodiment, the apparatus 1 according to the invention comprises a pair of clamping means 4, wherein a plurality of pairs of clamping means 4 may also be provided on the apparatus 1 according to the invention. When the apparatus 1 is in operation, the holding means 4 hold the animal skin (not shown in the figures) so that it lies against the support surface 2, the animal skin in the held state spanning the recess 3 of the support surface 2. Furthermore, the device 1 comprises a deformation body 5, which deformation body 5 is movable through the recess 3 of the support surface 2 in the direction of the animal skin crossing the recess 3. Thanks to this design of the device 1 according to the invention, the advantage is obtained that a reproducible deformation of the animal skin is ensured, thereby achieving an improvement in quality control. Furthermore, the effort required by the operator in the quality control range, in particular when inspecting small-area leather blanks, is thereby reduced. As shown in fig. 1, according to a preferred embodiment, the apparatus 1 according to the invention comprises a support 6 connected to the support surface 2. As a result, a firm footing of the device 1 is ensured. The holding means 4 preferably press the animal skin against the support surface 2. In this way it is ensured that the animal skin lies flat on the support surface 2 without wrinkling. The deformation body 5 preferably has a convex curved surface 7, which convex curved surface 7 protrudes through the recess 3 of the support surface 2 and exerts a force on the animal skin when the device 1 according to the invention is in operation. As a result, the animal skin deforms according to the shape of the surface 7. Preferably, the deformation body 5 substantially fills the recess 3 in the support surface 2. The convex surface curvature is particularly useful for testing animal skins intended for leather steering wheels. In an alternative embodiment of the device 1 according to the invention, the deformation body 5 can also have other surface curvatures which preferably at least partially substantially correspond to the shape of the object covered by the animal skin to be tested.

The preferred embodiment of the apparatus 1 according to the invention comprises a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder 8 connected to the deformation body 5. As a result, the force applied to the animal skin can be precisely controlled. Furthermore, by determining the change in length of the pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder 8 at a given working pressure or a given applied force, respectively, the tightening characteristics of the animal skin tested with the device 1 according to the invention can be derived. As shown in fig. 1, a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder 8 is preferably connected to the bracket 6. According to an alternative embodiment variant, instead of the pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder 8, an electric rack and pinion drive can also be provided. By conversion to a stroke of the pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder 8, a tightening value of up to 20% of the animal skin can be achieved with the device according to the invention.

Fig. 2 shows an alternative embodiment variant of the device 1 according to the invention with an alternative clamping device 4. The clamping device 4 preferably has a clamping portion 9 and a lever 10 connected to the clamping portion 9. In the embodiment variant shown in fig. 2, the grip 9 is provided with a soft felt or foam element which transmits the gripping force exerted by the gripping means 4 to the animal skin when the device 1 according to the invention is in operation. As a result, the clamping force is distributed over a larger area of the animal skin, thereby preventing damage to the animal skin. This design according to the invention of the clamping device 4 with the lever 10 and the clamping portion 9 connected to the lever 10 ensures that the clamping device 4 provides a strong clamping force without the risk of damaging the leather blank to be tested and can still be operated easily and effortlessly by a user of the apparatus 1 according to the invention.

As can be seen from the figures, the clamping means 4 are preferably arranged on two opposite sides of the recess 3 of the support surface 2. In this way, it is ensured that the animal skin is evenly tensioned. In addition, according to a preferred embodiment variant shown in fig. 1, the holding device 4 holds a plurality of animal skins so that they are pressed against the support surface 2 without overlapping and spanning the recess 3. As a result, a plurality of animal skins can be tested simultaneously with the device 1 according to the invention, thereby improving the test throughput. Preferably, with the device 1 according to the invention, up to four individual animal skin blanks can be examined in each test cycle.

The apparatus 1 according to the invention can also be used for any leather assembly using individual leather blanks, if it is suitably dimensioned.