阅读说明：本技术 一种高效储氢装置 (High-efficient hydrogen storage device ) 是由 王秀林 单彤文 侯建国 周婵 姚辉超 侯海龙 张瑜 穆祥宇 宋鹏飞 隋依言 王睿 于 2021-02-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种高效储氢装置。所述高效储氢装置包括内胆和依次包覆的外胆和保冷层；内胆内填充有填料,填料由石墨烯与镁的复合材料烧结形成,呈圆柱状；内胆由铝合金材料制成；将石墨烯与镁的复合材料拉伸成丝状或片状结构,然后制成填料。本发明提供的新型的氢气储存装置,具有操作温度温和,储氢压力低等优点,储氢流程简单、自动化程度高,所采用的设备可靠,提高氢气的制备成本和液化成本,经济效益显著。(The invention discloses a high-efficiency hydrogen storage device. The high-efficiency hydrogen storage device comprises an inner container, an outer container and a cold insulation layer which are sequentially coated; the inner container is filled with a filler, and the filler is formed by sintering a composite material of graphene and magnesium and is cylindrical; the inner container is made of aluminum alloy material; the composite material of graphene and magnesium is stretched into a filamentous or flaky structure, and then the filler is prepared. The novel hydrogen storage device provided by the invention has the advantages of mild operation temperature, low hydrogen storage pressure and the like, the hydrogen storage process is simple, the automation degree is high, the adopted equipment is reliable, the preparation cost and the liquefaction cost of hydrogen are improved, and the economic benefit is obvious.)

1. An efficient hydrogen storage device comprises an inner container, an outer container and a cold insulation layer, wherein the outer container and the cold insulation layer are sequentially coated;

the inner container is filled with a filler, and the filler is formed by sintering a graphene and magnesium composite material and is cylindrical;

the inner container is made of an aluminum alloy material.

2. A hydrogen storage apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and stretching the graphene and magnesium composite material into a filamentous or flaky structure, and then preparing the filler.

3. A hydrogen storage apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: and preparing a bottle mouth of the hydrogen storage device by using the aluminum alloy through a spinning process, and preparing a main body of the liner in an integral bending welding mode.

4. A hydrogen storage apparatus according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the outer container is made of carbon fiber.

5. A hydrogen storage apparatus as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: the outer container is formed by winding a plurality of layers of the carbon fibers.

6. A hydrogen storage apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: the cold insulation layer is made of polyurethane material.

7. A hydrogen storage apparatus according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: a heating layer is arranged between the outer liner and the cold insulation layer.

8. A hydrogen storage apparatus as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: an electric heating pipe is arranged in the heating layer, and a temperature sensor and a PIC temperature controller are connected to the electric heating pipe.

9. A hydrogen storage apparatus according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: the bottle mouth of the hydrogen storage device is matched with a pressure control system;

the pressure control system comprises a pressure sensor, a PIC pressure controller, a pressure regulating valve and a pressure safety relief valve which are arranged on a pipeline matched with the bottle mouth.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a high-efficiency hydrogen storage device, and belongs to the technical field of hydrogen energy utilization.

Background

Hydrogen energy is a recognized clean energy source, is considered as the most potential fossil fuel substitute in the future due to the advantages of high energy density, zero carbon emission and the like, is considered as an ultimate scheme in the field of mobile energy represented by hydrogen fuel cell automobiles, and green hydrogen can also be used as a hydrogen source in the hydrogenation process of fossil resources to realize carbon emission reduction. The hydrogen energy as a new secondary energy can play an important role in low-carbon emission reduction and future green energy systems. The international hydrogen energy commission predicts that in 2050, hydrogen energy will account for 18% of energy consumption. By 2050 years, the hydrogen energy is expected to reach more than 10% in the energy structure of China.

The hydrogen energy industry has a long chain, and relates to the links of hydrogen production, storage and transportation, application, fuel cells and the like. Although the demonstrated application of hydrogen energy in China is remarkably advanced, the industry generally considers that the hydrogen energy has already entered the industrial lead-in period, but the scale development path still faces the same various challenges as other new technologies. The weak facilities of the hydrogen station, the high cost of terminal hydrogen and the high cost of fuel cells are the prominent factors influencing the industry development at present, and the scale process of hydrogen energy and fuel cells can be accelerated only by comprehensively breaking through the chain system, storage, transportation and use of the hydrogen energy industry. In particular, the industry chain is at a different stage and faces different problems.

Hydrogen energy development planning is made in the United states, Japan, Canada, European Union and the like, at present, governments at all levels in China also pay high attention to the development of the hydrogen energy industry, and a top-down policy support system is formed. At present, the key factor influencing the development of the hydrogen energy industry is the price of hydrogen, and the price of hydrogen determines the economy of hydrogen utilization, and further determines the economy and feasibility of the whole industry. The hydrogen energy industry comprises three main links of hydrogen production, hydrogen storage and transportation and hydrogen utilization, wherein efficient gas storage is the key for reducing the operation cost of the whole industry chain of hydrogen energy and realizing the development of the hydrogen energy industry.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems that high-pressure hydrogen has potential safety risk, and the liquid hydrogen storage has high liquefaction energy consumption and high liquid hydrogen manufacturing cost, the invention provides a novel high-efficiency hydrogen storage device which can realize high-efficiency hydrogen storage under mild conditions; the hydrogen storage device has high hydrogen storage density and convenient operation, and can well solve the problem of high-efficiency and safe storage of hydrogen.

The high-efficiency hydrogen storage device provided by the invention comprises an inner container, an outer container and a cold insulation layer, wherein the outer container and the cold insulation layer are sequentially coated;

the inner container is filled with a filler, and the filler is formed by sintering a graphene and magnesium composite material and is cylindrical;

the inner container is made of aluminum alloy materials and has the advantages of hydrogen embrittlement resistance and light weight.

In the hydrogen storage device, the graphene and magnesium composite material is stretched into a filamentous or flaky structure, and then the filler is prepared, so that the hydrogen storage device has the characteristics of stable structure and high hydrogen storage density.

In the hydrogen storage device, the aluminum alloy is utilized, the bottle mouth of the hydrogen storage device is prepared through a spinning process, and the main body of the liner is prepared through an integral bending welding mode.

In the above hydrogen storage apparatus, the outer container is made of carbon fiber;

the outer liner is formed by winding a plurality of layers of the carbon fibers, has the advantages of pressure resistance, stability, long service life and the like,

the inner container and the carbon fiber are wound in multiple layers at high temperature and are tightly combined, so that the inner container has the advantages of fatigue resistance and hydrogen embrittlement resistance.

In the above hydrogen storage device, the cold insulation layer is made of a polyurethane material.

In the above hydrogen storage device, a heating layer is disposed between the outer container and the cold insulation layer;

an electric heating pipe is arranged in the heating layer, and a temperature sensor and a PIC temperature controller are connected to the electric heating pipe.

In the above hydrogen storage device, a bottle mouth of the hydrogen storage device is matched with a pressure control system;

the pressure control system comprises a pressure sensor, a PIC pressure controller, a pressure regulating valve and a pressure safety relief valve which are arranged on a pipeline matched with the bottle mouth.

When the hydrogen storage device is used for storing hydrogen, the hydrogen storage pressure of the hydrogen storage device is 3-10 MPaG, and the temperature is-100-80 ℃; when discharging hydrogen, the operating pressure of the hydrogen storage device is 0-3 MPaG, and the temperature is-100-80 ℃.

The novel hydrogen storage device provided by the invention has the advantages of mild operation temperature, low hydrogen storage pressure and the like, the hydrogen storage process is simple, the automation degree is high, the adopted equipment is reliable, the preparation cost and the liquefaction cost of hydrogen are improved, and the economic benefit is obvious.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the novel high-pressure hydrogen storage device.

The respective symbols in the figure are as follows:

1 inner container, 2 outer containers, 3 cold insulation layers, 4 fillers, 5 heating layers, 6 electric heating pipes, 7 temperature sensors, 8PIC temperature controllers, 9 pressure sensors, 10PIC pressure controllers, 11 pressure regulating valves and 12 pressure safety relief valves.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1, the high pressure hydrogen storage device provided by the invention comprises an inner container 1, an outer container 2 and a cold insulation layer 3 which are sequentially coated. The inner container 1 is filled with a filler 4, wherein the filler 4 is formed by sintering a graphene and magnesium composite material and is cylindrical, specifically, the graphene and magnesium composite material is stretched into a filamentous or sheet structure, and then the columnar cage-shaped filler 4 is prepared. The inner container 1 is made of aluminum alloy materials, a bottle mouth of the hydrogen storage device is prepared by aluminum alloy through a spinning process, and a main body of the inner container 1 is prepared in an integral bending welding mode. The outer liner 2 is made of carbon fibers and formed by winding multiple layers of carbon fibers, and the inner liner 1 and the carbon fibers are wound and tightly combined through the high-temperature multiple layers. The cold insulation layer 3 is made of polyurethane material.

In the hydrogen storage device, a heating layer 5 is arranged between an outer container 2 and a cold insulation layer 3, an electric heating pipe 6 is arranged in the heating layer 5, and the electric heating pipe 6 is connected with a temperature sensor 7 and a PIC temperature controller 8.

In the hydrogen storage device, a bottle mouth of the hydrogen storage device is matched with a pressure control system, and the pressure control system comprises a pressure sensor 9, a PIC pressure controller 10, a pressure regulating valve 11 and a pressure safety relief valve 12 which are arranged on a pipeline matched with the bottle mouth.

Application examples 1,

1. The pressurized and cooled hydrogen is injected into the high-pressure hydrogen storage device through the low-temperature valve, the storage temperature of the filled hydrogen is-70 ℃, the pressure is 3.0MPG, and the hydrogen volume hydrogen storage density is higher than 45kg/m³(H₂)。

2. When the high-pressure hydrogen storage device discharges hydrogen, the operating pressure range of the gas cylinder is 1MPaG, the temperature is 40 ℃, and the density of hydrogen residual hydrogen is 1kg/m³。

Application examples 2,

1. The pressurized and cooled hydrogen is injected into the novel high-pressure hydrogen storage device through a low-temperature valve, the storage temperature of the filled hydrogen is-20 ℃, the pressure is 10.0MPG, and the hydrogen volume hydrogen storage density is more than 48kg/m³(H₂)。

2. When the high-pressure hydrogen storage device discharges hydrogen, the operating pressure range of the gas cylinder is 3.0MPaG, the temperature is 80 ℃, and the density of hydrogen residual hydrogen is 1.5kg/m³。