阅读说明：本技术 一种工业余热余压综合回收系统 (Industrial waste heat and residual pressure comprehensive recovery system ) 是由 田野 于 2021-01-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种工业余热余压综合回收系统,包括吸附式制冷组件和吸附质增压器,二者通过管道连接形成吸附质循环回路,其中吸附式制冷组件连接有余热导管,该余热导管用于使吸附式制冷组件的工质对解吸附,吸附质进入吸附质增压器,吸附质增压器由工业余压驱动工作,以使吸附质增压器内气态的吸附质被压缩后回到吸附式制冷组件。本发明的有益效果：(1)能够同时综合回收利用余热和余压,减轻传统的固体化学吸附式制冷/储能系统中吸附床的解吸附吸附质的能力与速率受冷凝器环境温度的制约,提高工作效率及余热回收效能,并且系统结构简单,投资成本低,安装灵活及易于流程改造,操作方便。(The invention discloses an industrial waste heat and residual pressure comprehensive recovery system which comprises an adsorption type refrigeration assembly and an adsorbate supercharger, wherein the adsorption type refrigeration assembly and the adsorbate supercharger are connected through a pipeline to form an adsorbate circulation loop, the adsorption type refrigeration assembly is connected with a waste heat guide pipe, the waste heat guide pipe is used for desorbing working medium pairs of the adsorption type refrigeration assembly, adsorbates enter the adsorbate supercharger, and the adsorbate supercharger is driven by industrial residual pressure to work so that gaseous adsorbates in the adsorbate supercharger are compressed and then return to the adsorption type refrigeration assembly. The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the system can comprehensively recycle waste heat and residual pressure at the same time, reduces the restriction of the capacity and the speed of desorbing adsorbates of an adsorption bed in the traditional solid chemical adsorption type refrigeration/energy storage system by the ambient temperature of a condenser, improves the working efficiency and the waste heat recovery efficiency, and has the advantages of simple structure, low investment cost, flexible installation, easy flow reconstruction and convenient operation.)

1. The utility model provides an industrial waste heat and excess pressure comprehensive recovery system, includes absorption formula refrigeration subassembly, its characterized in that: the adsorption refrigeration component is provided with an adsorbate outlet and an adsorbate inlet, the adsorbate outlet is used for leading out desorbed gaseous adsorbate, and the adsorbate inlet is used for allowing gaseous adsorbate to enter;

the adsorption type refrigeration component is connected with an adsorbate supercharger (2), the adsorbate supercharger (2) is provided with a compression chamber (2a), and the compression chamber (2a) is provided with a low-pressure air inlet and a high-pressure air outlet;

the adsorbate outlet is connected with the low-pressure air inlet of the compression chamber (2a) through a pipeline, and the high-pressure air outlet of the compression chamber (2a) is connected with the adsorbate inlet through a pipeline, so that a closed adsorbate circulation loop is formed between the adsorption refrigeration component and the compression chamber (2 a);

the adsorption type refrigeration component is connected with a waste heat conduit (6), and the waste heat conduit (6) is used for desorbing the working medium pair of the adsorption type refrigeration component;

the adsorbate supercharger (2) is connected with a residual pressure conduit (7), and high-pressure gas in the residual pressure conduit (7) drives the adsorbate supercharger (2) to work so that gaseous adsorbate in the compression chamber (2a) is compressed and then discharged from the high-pressure gas outlet.

2. The industrial waste heat and residual pressure comprehensive recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the adsorbate supercharger (2) is a piston supercharger and comprises a pressure cylinder (2d), a piston (2c) is arranged in an inner cavity of the pressure cylinder (2d), the piston (2c) is in sliding airtight fit with the inner wall of the pressure cylinder (2d), the inner cavity of the pressure cylinder (2d) is divided into a compression chamber (2a) and a compression chamber (2b), the compression chamber (2b) is communicated with a residual pressure guide pipe (7), and the compression chamber (2b) is further connected with an exhaust gas guide pipe (8).

3. The industrial waste heat and residual pressure comprehensive recovery system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the adsorption type refrigeration component comprises an adsorption bed reactor (1), a condenser (3), a liquid storage tank (4) and an evaporator (5);

the gas inlet of the condenser (3) forms the adsorbate inlet, the liquid outlet of the condenser (3) is connected with the liquid inlet of the liquid storage tank (4) through a pipeline, the liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank (4) is connected with the liquid inlet of the evaporator (5) through a pipeline, the gas outlet of the evaporator (5) is connected with the gas port of the adsorption bed reactor (1) through a pipeline, and the gas port of the adsorption bed reactor (1) forms the adsorbate outlet;

the waste heat conduit (6) passes through the adsorption bed reactor (1).

4. The industrial waste heat and residual pressure comprehensive recovery system according to claim 3, characterized in that: an industrial excess pressure regulating valve (9) is arranged on the excess pressure guide pipe (7), and a waste gas discharge electromagnetic valve (10) is arranged on the waste gas guide pipe (8).

5. The industrial waste heat and residual pressure comprehensive recovery system according to claim 3, characterized in that: an adsorption bed air inlet electromagnetic valve (15) is arranged on a pipeline between the gas outlet of the adsorption bed reactor (1) and the gas outlet of the evaporator (5);

and an adsorption bed exhaust electromagnetic valve (11) is arranged on a pipeline between a gas port of the adsorption bed reactor (1) and the low-pressure gas inlet.

6. The industrial waste heat and residual pressure comprehensive recovery system according to claim 3, characterized in that: a liquid storage tank electromagnetic valve (13) is arranged on a pipeline between the liquid outlet of the condenser (3) and the liquid inlet of the liquid storage tank (4);

an evaporator electromagnetic valve (14) is arranged on a pipeline between the liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank (4) and the liquid inlet of the evaporator (5).

7. The industrial waste heat and residual pressure comprehensive recovery system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the piston (2c) is provided with a heat insulation plate.

8. The industrial waste heat and residual pressure comprehensive recovery system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the adsorbent (1a) used by the adsorption refrigeration component is a multi-salt composite adsorbent, the adsorbate is ammonia, and the multi-salt composite adsorbent and the ammonia form a working medium pair.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of heat energy recovery, and particularly relates to an industrial waste heat and residual pressure comprehensive recovery system.

Background

In the face of the current increasingly severe energy problem, the recycling of low-grade heat energy and industrial excess pressure is one of the main routes for overcoming the restriction of the increasing energy demand on the sustainable development of the economy and the society. Because industrial production has certain process specificity, the effective utilization rate of energy is generally low, and a large amount of waste heat and residual pressure with different tastes are directly discharged into the environment without being effectively utilized, so that serious energy waste is caused and the environment is polluted. In recent years, solid chemical adsorption type thermal energy storage and refrigeration technologies using low-grade thermal energy as a driving force have been studied more because of their advantages of high energy storage density, stable output temperature, good short-term and long-term energy storage performance, flexible operating modes, and the like. The adsorption bed is the core component of the solid chemical adsorption refrigeration system, and changes the pressure change by controlling the temperature change of the adsorption bed according to the univariate characteristic of the temperature and pressure parameter in the adsorption equilibrium process so as to meet the condensation and evaporation pressure conditions in the cycle process. In contrast to a compression-type vapor refrigeration cycle, the adsorbent bed alternately functions as a compressor and an expansion valve, and is therefore also referred to as a thermocompressor.

The main problem of the solid chemical adsorption refrigeration system at present is that the pressure of an adsorption bed is often required to be increased to be higher than the ammonia condensation pressure corresponding to the ambient temperature when the adsorption bed is desorbed to a condenser, and the desorption time of the adsorption bed is greatly prolonged and the overall efficiency of waste heat recovery is reduced due to the restriction of the ambient temperature and the higher pressure value particularly in summer; on the other hand, according to working substance pairs, e.g. metal halide salts-NH₃The equilibrium adsorption curve of (2) can know that the required driving temperature of desorption also increases along with the increase of pressure, thereby inevitably reducing the driving temperature difference, narrowing the temperature interval of the waste heat resources which can be effectively utilized, and further reducing the grade utilization level of the waste heat energy.

At present, the recycling process of industrial waste heat and residual pressure only utilizes waste heat or residual pressure resources, most of the processes focus on heat supply and power supply application integration (combined heat and power generation or combined cooling, heating and power generation), and related system equipment has large investment and complex control and is difficult to flexibly implement in actual industrial production.

Patent document No. CN104989474A discloses an organic rankine cycle power generation and adsorption refrigeration combined system based on low-grade heat energy utilization, which includes an organic rankine cycle power generation device and an adsorption refrigeration device, wherein a heat exchanger of the organic rankine cycle power generation device performs primary utilization on heat energy, the heat absorbed by the heat exchanger expands gas for power generation, and then the waste heat is secondarily utilized by an adsorption bed of the adsorption refrigeration device for refrigeration, and the system constitutes a cascade energy utilization system, thereby improving the utilization rate of low-grade heat energy. However, the above-mentioned problems still exist in the system, namely, the increase of the ambient temperature will cause the reduction of the overall efficiency of waste heat recovery and the grade utilization level of waste heat energy.

Patent document CN201292864Y discloses a turbine device for low-temperature thermal power generation and industrial excess pressure power recovery using low-boiling-point working medium, which uses industrial excess pressure to drive an impeller to rotate so as to generate power. Although the device can effectively utilize the industrial residual pressure to generate electric energy, the quality requirement of the device on the industrial residual pressure is higher, and most of the industrial waste pressure cannot meet the use requirement of the device; and the control system of the device is complex, and the high-efficiency recycling of the industrial waste heat and the residual pressure cannot be realized.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the invention provides an industrial waste heat and residual pressure comprehensive recovery system.

The technical scheme is as follows:

the industrial waste heat and residual pressure comprehensive recovery system comprises an adsorption type refrigeration assembly and is characterized in that the adsorption type refrigeration assembly is provided with an adsorbate outlet and an adsorbate inlet, wherein the adsorbate outlet is used for leading out desorbed gaseous adsorbate, and the adsorbate inlet is used for allowing gaseous adsorbate to enter;

the adsorption type refrigeration component is connected with an adsorbate supercharger, the adsorbate supercharger is provided with a compression chamber, and the compression chamber is provided with a low-pressure air inlet and a high-pressure air outlet;

the adsorbate outlet is connected with the low-pressure air inlet of the compression chamber through a pipeline, and the high-pressure air outlet of the compression chamber is connected with the adsorbate inlet through a pipeline, so that a closed adsorbate circulation loop is formed between the adsorption refrigeration assembly and the compression chamber;

the adsorption type refrigeration component is connected with a waste heat guide pipe, and the waste heat guide pipe is used for desorbing the working medium pair of the adsorption type refrigeration component;

the adsorbate supercharger is connected with a residual pressure guide pipe, and high-pressure gas in the residual pressure guide pipe drives the adsorbate supercharger to work so that gaseous adsorbate in the compression chamber is compressed and then discharged from the high-pressure gas outlet.

By adopting the design, the system has the advantages that the adsorbate supercharger can increase the adsorbate pressure entering the condenser to accelerate the condensation, thereby obviously increasing the condensation speed of the adsorbate and the desorption speed of the chemical reaction adsorption bed, enhancing the overall efficiency of waste heat recovery, being particularly suitable for the extreme working condition that the desorption reaction time of the adsorption bed is overlong due to the higher ammonia condensation pressure corresponding to the summer environment temperature, not only retaining the advantages of high-efficiency heat recovery and conversion of solid chemical adsorption refrigeration/energy storage to waste heat resources with larger discontinuity and character fluctuation, but also overcoming the restriction of the condensation temperature on the improvement of the traditional chemical adsorption refrigeration/energy storage efficiency by utilizing the pressurization means of the waste heat, having high low-grade waste heat recovery rate, and simultaneously having simple structure of the system equipment adopting the technical route, the control is flexible and simple.

Preferably, the absorbent supercharger is a piston supercharger, and includes a pressure cylinder, a piston is disposed in an inner cavity of the pressure cylinder, the piston is in sliding airtight fit with an inner wall of the pressure cylinder, the inner cavity of the pressure cylinder is divided into the compression chamber and a pressurization chamber, the pressurization chamber is communicated with the excess pressure conduit, and the pressurization chamber is further connected with an exhaust gas conduit.

By adopting the design, the structure is simple, and the adsorbate can be compressed by utilizing the residual pressure conveniently.

As a preferred technical scheme, the adsorption type refrigeration assembly comprises an adsorption bed reactor, a condenser, a liquid storage tank and an evaporator;

the gas inlet of the condenser forms the adsorbate inlet, the liquid outlet of the condenser is connected with the liquid inlet of the liquid storage tank through a pipeline, the liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank is connected with the liquid inlet of the evaporator through a pipeline, the gas outlet of the evaporator is connected with the gas port of the adsorption bed reactor through a pipeline, and the gas port of the adsorption bed reactor forms the adsorbate outlet;

the waste heat conduit passes through the adsorption bed reactor.

By adopting the design, the complete adsorbate circulating path is formed by the basic modules, and the waste heat is utilized

As the preferred technical scheme, the waste gas guide pipe is provided with an industrial waste pressure regulating valve, and the waste gas guide pipe is provided with a waste gas discharge electromagnetic valve.

By adopting the design, industrial residual pressure gas is introduced according to the requirement to pressurize and compress the adsorbate supercharger.

As a preferred technical scheme, an adsorption bed air inlet electromagnetic valve is arranged on a pipeline between an air outlet of the adsorption bed reactor and an air outlet of the evaporator;

and an adsorption bed exhaust electromagnetic valve is arranged on a pipeline between a gas port of the adsorption bed reactor and the low-pressure gas inlet.

By adopting the design, the introduction of the adsorbate is convenient to control so as to enable the adsorbate to act with the adsorbent, and the introduction of the adsorbent is stopped so as to utilize the waste heat for desorption.

As a preferred technical scheme, a liquid storage tank electromagnetic valve is arranged on a pipeline between a liquid outlet of the condenser and a liquid inlet of the liquid storage tank;

an evaporator electromagnetic valve is arranged on a pipeline between the liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank and the liquid inlet of the evaporator.

By adopting the design, the cooled adsorbate liquid can be conveniently controlled to enter the liquid storage tank and the adsorbate liquid can enter the evaporator.

Preferably, the piston is provided with a heat insulation plate.

By adopting the design, the heat exchange between the compression chamber and the compression chamber is reduced, so that the adsorbate can be effectively pressurized when being compressed in the compression chamber.

According to a preferable technical scheme, the adsorbent used by the adsorption refrigeration component is a multi-salt composite adsorbent, the adsorbent is ammonia, and the multi-salt composite adsorbent and the ammonia form a working medium pair.

By adopting the design, the hysteresis phenomenon between adsorption and desorption is not obvious, and the heat and mass transfer characteristics of the working medium in the adsorption bed are improved.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the waste heat and the residual pressure can be comprehensively recycled at the same time; (2) the capacity and the speed of desorbing adsorbates of an adsorption bed in the traditional solid chemical adsorption type refrigeration/energy storage system are reduced and limited by the ambient temperature of a condenser, and the working efficiency and the waste heat recovery efficiency are improved; (3) the system has the advantages of simple structure, low investment cost, flexible installation, easy process reconstruction and convenient operation, and is particularly suitable for application occasions with low industrial waste heat temperature, intermittent output, large waste pressure fluctuation and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.

The utility model provides an industry waste heat and residual pressure integrated recovery system, includes the absorption formula refrigeration subassembly, the absorption formula refrigeration subassembly is equipped with adsorbate export and adsorbate entry, the adsorbate of the gaseous state that adsorbate export supplied desorption is derived, the adsorbate of adsorbate entry confession gaseous state gets into. The adsorption type refrigeration component is connected with an adsorbate supercharger 2, the adsorbate supercharger 2 is provided with a compression chamber 2a, and the compression chamber 2a is provided with a low-pressure air inlet and a high-pressure air outlet; the adsorbate outlet is connected with the low-pressure air inlet of the compression chamber 2a through a pipeline, and the high-pressure air outlet of the compression chamber 2a is connected with the adsorbate inlet through a pipeline, so that a closed adsorbate circulation loop is formed between the adsorption refrigeration component and the compression chamber 2 a.

The adsorption type refrigeration component is connected with a waste heat conduit 6, and the waste heat conduit 6 is used for desorbing the working medium pair of the adsorption type refrigeration component. The adsorbate supercharger 2 is connected with a residual pressure conduit 7, and high-pressure gas in the residual pressure conduit 7 drives the adsorbate supercharger 2 to work, so that gaseous adsorbate in the compression chamber 2a is compressed and then discharged from the high-pressure gas outlet.

The system can utilize industrial residual pressure, does not increase the overall pressure of the adsorption bed while promoting the adsorbate condensation pressure of the adsorption refrigeration assembly, and thereby ensures the desorption rate under the low-pressure condition in the adsorption bed.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the absorbent supercharger 2 is a piston-type supercharger, and includes a pressure cylinder 2d, a piston 2c is disposed in an inner cavity of the pressure cylinder 2d, the piston 2c is in sliding airtight fit with an inner wall of the pressure cylinder 2d, the inner cavity of the pressure cylinder 2d is divided into the compression chamber 2a and a compression chamber 2b, the compression chamber 2b is communicated with the excess pressure conduit 7, and the compression chamber 2b is further connected with an exhaust gas conduit 8. The piston 2c is provided with a heat shield to reduce heat transfer from the high temperature adsorbate to the compression chamber 2 b.

The adsorption type refrigeration component comprises an adsorption bed reactor 1, a condenser 3, a liquid storage tank 4 and an evaporator 5. The air inlet of condenser 3 forms the adsorbate entry, the liquid outlet of condenser 3 passes through the pipe connection the inlet of liquid storage pot 4, the liquid outlet of liquid storage pot 4 passes through the pipe connection the inlet of evaporimeter 5, the gas outlet of evaporimeter 5 passes through the pipe connection the gas port of adsorption bed reactor 1, the gas port of adsorption bed reactor 1 forms the adsorbate export. The waste heat conduit 6 passes through the adsorption bed reactor 1, and waste heat heats the adsorbent 1a to desorb adsorbate.

The residual pressure guide pipe 7 is provided with an industrial residual pressure regulating valve 9, and the waste gas guide pipe 8 is provided with a waste gas discharge electromagnetic valve 10. And an adsorption bed air inlet electromagnetic valve 15 is arranged on a pipeline between the gas outlet of the adsorption bed reactor 1 and the gas outlet of the evaporator 5. And an adsorption bed exhaust electromagnetic valve 11 is arranged on a pipeline between the gas port of the adsorption bed reactor 1 and the low-pressure gas inlet. And a condenser safety valve 12 is arranged on a pipeline between the high-pressure air outlet and the air inlet of the condenser 3.

A liquid storage tank electromagnetic valve 13 is arranged on a pipeline between the liquid outlet of the condenser 3 and the liquid inlet of the liquid storage tank 4. An evaporator electromagnetic valve 14 is arranged on a pipeline between the liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank 4 and the liquid inlet of the evaporator 5.

In this embodiment, the adsorbent 1a used in the adsorption refrigeration component is a multi-salt composite adsorbent, which is expanded graphite treated with a composite salt and sulfuric acid. The adsorbate is ammonia, and the multi-salt composite adsorbent and the ammonia form a working medium pair.

The working principle of the system is as follows: the specific implementation method comprises the following steps: the adsorption bed reactor 1 uses industrial waste heat to promote the multi-salt composite adsorbent to desorb ammonia gas, an adsorption bed exhaust solenoid valve 11 and an exhaust gas discharge solenoid valve 10 are opened, the ammonia gas enters a compression chamber 2a space in the adsorbate supercharger 2, simultaneously, exhaust gas in a compression chamber 2b is discharged, and at the moment, the piston 2c rises to the top of the adsorbate supercharger 2 due to the pressure of the ammonia gas generated by desorption. Then closing the adsorption bed exhaust electromagnetic valve 11 and the waste gas discharge electromagnetic valve 10, opening the industrial excess pressure regulating valve 9, enabling industrial excess pressure with larger pressure to enter the pressurizing chamber 2b, enabling the piston 2c to move downwards under the action of pressure difference, enabling the pressure in the compression chamber 2a to gradually rise, enabling the condenser safety valve 12 to automatically open when the pressure rises to a pressure value set by the condenser safety valve 12, enabling ammonia gas in the compression chamber 2a to enter the condenser 3 to be rapidly condensed, opening the liquid storage tank electromagnetic valve 13 after condensation to enable liquid ammonia to enter the liquid storage tank 4 to be stored, disconnecting the industrial excess pressure regulating valve 9 when the piston 2c reaches the bottom of the adsorbate supercharger 2, opening the adsorption bed exhaust electromagnetic valve 11 and the waste gas discharge electromagnetic valve 10 again, and opening next ammonia gas pressurization. And when the desorption of the multi-salt composite adsorbent in the adsorption bed reactor 1 is finished, all valves are closed, the desorption heat absorption stage is finished, and the low-grade industrial waste heat is stored in the multi-salt composite adsorbent in the forms of chemical bond energy and sensible heat. And then the temperature of the multi-salt composite adsorbent is reduced to the ambient temperature through the cooling effect of the circulating cooling water, so that the adsorption condition of the multi-salt composite adsorbent is met. At the moment, an evaporator electromagnetic valve 14 is opened, liquid ammonia enters an evaporator 5 to complete the evaporation process to generate a refrigeration effect, then an adsorption bed air inlet electromagnetic valve 15 is opened, ammonia enters an adsorption bed reactor 1 to perform a complex reaction with the multi-salt composite adsorbent, simultaneously, recyclable heat is released, when the multi-salt composite adsorbent reaches an adsorption limit, all valves are closed, the adsorption and heat release stages are finished, and cold and chemical heat are simultaneously generated in the modes of evaporation heat absorption and adsorption heat release. This concludes the chemisorption refrigeration/energy storage cycle. The next period alternately carries out desorption and adsorption stages again, thereby realizing the high-efficiency comprehensive utilization and recovery of the industrial waste heat and the residual pressure.

The system creatively combines the adsorbate supercharger 2 with the adsorption refrigeration component, improves the pressure of ammonia entering the condenser 3 to accelerate ammonia condensation, thereby obviously improving the condensation speed of ammonia and the desorption rate of the chemical reaction adsorption bed, enhancing the overall efficiency of waste heat recovery, and being particularly suitable for extreme working conditions that the desorption reaction time of ammonia and multi-salt composite adsorbent in the adsorption bed reactor 1 is too long due to the higher ammonia condensation pressure corresponding to the summer environmental temperature; meanwhile, the adsorbate supercharger 2 is driven by industrial excess pressure to work, and compresses ammonia gas. Therefore, the system comprehensively utilizes the industrial waste heat and the industrial waste pressure, and the utilization efficiency of energy, particularly low-grade energy, is greatly improved.

Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various similar representations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.