阅读说明：本技术 一种天线复用系统和终端 (Antenna multiplexing system and terminal ) 是由 郑小飞 杜冰 于 2019-11-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请实施例公开了一种天线复用系统和终端,其中该天线复用系统包括天线本体、第一天线匹配通路、第二天线匹配通路、切换模块和控制模块,第一天线匹配通路与第二天线匹配通路的谐振频率不同,控制模块与切换模块连接；其中,天线本体包括天线辐射枝节和耦合寄生单元,耦合寄生单元通过切换模块与第一天线匹配通路连接,天线辐射枝节与第二天线匹配通路连接,耦合寄生单元与天线辐射枝节通过彼此之间的第一缝隙相互耦合产生谐振。本实施例可以实现天线的复用,在不牺牲天线效率的前提下,满足多种谐振频率对天线数量的需求,并且在节省布局空间的基础上,提高天线的带宽和效率。(The embodiment of the application discloses an antenna multiplexing system and a terminal, wherein the antenna multiplexing system comprises an antenna body, a first antenna matching channel, a second antenna matching channel, a switching module and a control module, the resonant frequencies of the first antenna matching channel and the second antenna matching channel are different, and the control module is connected with the switching module; the antenna body comprises an antenna radiation branch and a coupling parasitic unit, the coupling parasitic unit is connected with a first antenna matching passage through a switching module, the antenna radiation branch is connected with a second antenna matching passage, and the coupling parasitic unit and the antenna radiation branch are mutually coupled through a first gap between the coupling parasitic unit and the antenna radiation branch to generate resonance. The embodiment can realize multiplexing of the antenna, meet the requirements of various resonant frequencies on the number of the antennas on the premise of not sacrificing the efficiency of the antenna, and improve the bandwidth and the efficiency of the antenna on the basis of saving the layout space.)

1. An antenna multiplexing system is characterized by comprising an antenna body, a first antenna matching path, a second antenna matching path, a switching module and a control module, wherein the first antenna matching path and the second antenna matching path have different resonant frequencies, and the control module is connected with the switching module; the antenna body comprises an antenna radiation branch and a coupling parasitic unit, the coupling parasitic unit is connected with the first antenna matching passage through the switching module, the antenna radiation branch is connected with the second antenna matching passage, and the coupling parasitic unit and the antenna radiation branch are mutually coupled through a first gap between the coupling parasitic unit and the antenna radiation branch to generate resonance.

2. The antenna multiplexing system of claim 1, wherein the first antenna matching path comprises a variable capacitor, a first matching circuit, and a first feed point connected to the first matching circuit.

3. The antenna multiplexing system of claim 2, wherein one end of the variable capacitor is connected to the switching module, and the other end of the variable capacitor is connected to the first matching circuit, and wherein the variable capacitor is configured to tune a resonant frequency.

4. The antenna multiplexing system of claim 1, wherein the second antenna matching path comprises a second matching circuit and a second feed point connected to the second matching circuit.

5. The antenna multiplexing system of claim 1, wherein the antenna radiating stub is provided with a second slot.

6. The antenna multiplexing system of claim 5, wherein the width of the first slot, the width of the second slot, the length of the antenna radiating stub, and the length of the coupling parasitic element all support adjustment.

7. The antenna multiplexing system of claim 1, wherein the width of the first slot is greater than 0.3 mm, and the length of the coupling parasitic element is 1/4 times the wavelength.

8. The antenna multiplexing system of claim 1, further comprising at least two grounded antenna matching paths, the grounded antenna matching paths connected with the switching module, matching circuits in the grounded antenna matching paths supporting tuning.

9. The antenna multiplexing system of any of claims 1-8, wherein the resonant frequency of the first antenna matching path is 3.2GHz-5GHz, the resonant frequency of the second antenna matching path is 0.7GHz-2.7GHz, and the switching module is a control switch comprising at least four channels.

10. A terminal, characterized in that it is provided with an antenna multiplexing system according to any of claims 1-9.

Technical Field

The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to an antenna multiplexing system and a terminal.

Background

With the accelerated maturation of the communication technology standard of the fifth generation mobile communication system (5G) and the deep development of global 5G pre-commercial tests, the characteristics of ultra-large bandwidth, ultra-low time delay and high reliability of the 5G network enable the 5G communication technology to be applied to various industries such as education, medical treatment, intelligent manufacturing and vehicle networking.

The 5G communication technology provides a larger data throughput rate and a smaller time delay for an end user, and a larger bandwidth is required for large data volume transmission, so that the 5G communication technology requires a wider bandwidth compared with the 2G/3G/4G communication technology, and a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna technology is developed. In order to support the MIMO technology, the number of the antennas of the intelligent terminal is more than that of the 2G/3G/4G terminal, and the large bandwidth means that higher requirements are put on the frequency band of an electromagnetic field. Since the antenna resonance bandwidth is positively correlated with the space occupied by the antenna, the wider the resonance bandwidth, the larger the antenna space is required. The main idea of the present antenna design is to satisfy the requirement of a 5G antenna by stacking the number of antennas on the basis of a 2G/3G/4G antenna, for example, referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna layout in the prior art, and the 5G frequency bands are N41 and N79, and meanwhile, the 2G/3G/4G frequency band and a GPS/WIFI frequency band need to be supported, considering the requirement of LTE B414X 4MIMO, the number of antennas will reach 10: the number of the antennas in the GPS/WIFI frequency band is 1, the number of the antennas in the LTE + N41 frequency band is 5, and the number of the antennas in the N79 frequency band is 4. However, in this way of increasing the number of antennas, the antennas need to occupy the layout space of a Printed Circuit Board (PCB), which makes the layout of the baseband rf device difficult and brings design difficulty to the structure; the antennas added on two sides of the terminal are utilized, the environment is poor, no clearance exists basically, and the antenna efficiency and the coverage bandwidth are difficult to meet the design requirement; the cost is increased, the number of the antennas is increased, the spacing distance between the antennas is short, the isolation degree of the antennas is poor, the debugging difficulty is increased, and the efficiency is influenced.

In view of the above drawbacks and the current trend of large screen ratio of smart terminals, the possibility of increasing the bandwidth by continuously increasing the antenna space is less and less. In the prior art, although a 5G frequency band antenna and a 4G frequency band antenna can coexist in a terminal space through an antenna multiplexing technology, the bandwidth and efficiency of the antenna cannot meet the requirement.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides an antenna multiplexing system and a terminal, so that the bandwidth and the efficiency of an antenna are improved on the basis of saving layout space.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna multiplexing system, including an antenna body, a first antenna matching path, a second antenna matching path, a switching module, and a control module, where resonant frequencies of the first antenna matching path and the second antenna matching path are different, and the control module is connected to the switching module; the antenna body comprises an antenna radiation branch and a coupling parasitic unit, the coupling parasitic unit is connected with the first antenna matching passage through the switching module, the antenna radiation branch is connected with the second antenna matching passage, and the coupling parasitic unit and the antenna radiation branch are mutually coupled through a first gap between the coupling parasitic unit and the antenna radiation branch to generate resonance.

Further, the first antenna matching path includes a variable capacitor, a first matching circuit, and a first feeding point connected to the first matching circuit.

Further, one end of the variable capacitor is connected to the switching module, the other end of the variable capacitor is connected to the first matching circuit, and the variable capacitor is used for tuning a resonant frequency.

Further, the second antenna matching path includes a second matching circuit and a second feeding point connected to the second matching circuit.

Furthermore, the antenna radiation branch is provided with a second gap.

Furthermore, the width of the first slot, the width of the second slot, the length of the antenna radiation branch and the length of the coupling parasitic unit all support adjustment.

Further, the width of the first slot is greater than 0.3 mm, and the length of the coupling parasitic element is 1/4 times of the wavelength.

Furthermore, the antenna matching circuit further comprises at least two grounded antenna matching paths, the grounded antenna matching paths are connected with the switching module, and the matching circuits in the grounded antenna matching paths support adjustment.

Further, the resonant frequency of the first antenna matching path is 3.2GHz-5GHz, the resonant frequency of the second antenna matching path is 0.7GHz-2.7GHz, and the switching module is a switch including at least four channels.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a terminal configured with the antenna multiplexing system as described above.

The embodiment of the application provides an antenna multiplexing system and a terminal, wherein a first antenna matching passage in the antenna multiplexing system is connected with a coupling parasitic unit through a switching module, the coupling parasitic unit is a branch in an antenna body corresponding to a second antenna matching passage, an antenna radiation branch in the antenna body is connected with the second antenna matching passage, and when a control module controls the switching module to communicate the first antenna matching passage, the resonant frequency of the first antenna matching passage can be generated, the resonant frequencies of the first antenna matching passage and the second antenna matching passage are different, so that multiplexing of antennas is realized, the requirements of various resonant frequencies on the number of antennas are met on the premise of not sacrificing the efficiency of the antennas, and the bandwidth and the efficiency of the antennas are improved on the basis of saving layout space.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art antenna layout;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna multiplexing system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of return loss of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of return loss of another antenna provided in the embodiments of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the application and are not limiting of the application. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present application are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna multiplexing system provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, the antenna multiplexing system may specifically include an antenna body, a first antenna matching path 11, a second antenna matching path 12, a switching module 13, and a control module (not shown in the figure), where the resonant frequencies of the first antenna matching path 11 and the second antenna matching path 12 are different, and the control module is connected to the switching module 13; the antenna body comprises an antenna radiation branch 14 and a coupling parasitic unit 15, the coupling parasitic unit 15 is connected with the first antenna matching path 11 through the switching module 13, the antenna radiation branch 14 is connected with the second antenna matching path 12, and the coupling parasitic unit 15 and the antenna radiation branch 14 are coupled with each other through a first gap 16 between the coupling parasitic unit 15 and the antenna radiation branch 14 to generate resonance.

The antenna body may be a 2G/3G/4G antenna, that is, the resonant frequency of the second antenna matching path 12 connected to the antenna radiation branch 14 in the antenna body is 0.7GHz-2.7GHz, and may cover a 2G/3G/4G frequency band, for example, the 4G frequency band may include LTE B40 and B41, the resonant frequency of B40 is 2.3GHz-2.4GHz, and the resonant frequency of B41 is 2.5GHz-2.7 GHz.

Further, the second antenna matching path 12 may include a second matching circuit 121 and a second feeding point 122 connected to the second matching circuit 121. The second feeding point 122 may be a 2G/3G/4G feeding point, corresponding to a 2G/3G/4G band. The antenna radiation branch 14 in the antenna body is connected with the second feeding point 122 through the second matching circuit 121, and the antenna radiation branch 14 can generate a low-frequency resonance with a resonant frequency of 700MHz-960MHz and a medium-frequency resonance with a resonant frequency of 1710MHz-2200MH based on the structure of the antenna radiation branch 14; the coupling parasitic unit 15 and the antenna radiation branch 14 are coupled with each other through the first slot 16 therebetween, and can generate 2G/3G/4G high-frequency resonance with the resonant frequency of 2.3GHz-2.7GHz, so that the resonant frequency of the antenna can cover low, medium and high frequency points of a 2G/3G/4G frequency band.

Further, the first antenna matching path 11 may include a variable capacitor 111, a first matching circuit 112, and a first feeding point 113 connected to the first matching circuit 112. The first feeding point 113 may be a 5G feeding point, corresponding to a 5G band. One end of the variable capacitor 111 is connected to the switching module 13, the other end of the variable capacitor 111 is connected to the first matching circuit 112, and the variable capacitor 111 is used to tune the resonant frequency. The connection line between the variable capacitor 111 and the switching module 13 and the connection line between the variable capacitor 111 and the first matching circuit 112 may be set as a set impedance control line, and the set impedance may be set according to actual conditions, for example, the set impedance may be 50 ohms impedance. The type of the variable capacitor 111 in this embodiment is not limited, and may be set according to actual conditions.

The resonant frequency of the first antenna matching path 11 is 3.2GHz-5GHz, that is, the first antenna matching path 11 corresponds to a 5G frequency band, for example, the 5G frequency band may include n77, n78 and n79, the resonant frequency of n77 is 3.3GHz-4.2GHz, the resonant frequency of n78 is 3.3GHz-3.8GHz, and the resonant frequency of n79 is 4.4GHz-5 GHz. The variable capacitor 111 can tune the resonant frequency of the 5G band.

The coupling parasitic unit 15 is connected to the first antenna matching path 11 through the switching module 13, and when the switching module 13 connects the first antenna matching path 11, a resonant frequency covering a 5G frequency band can be generated, so as to implement the design of a 5G antenna.

The control module may be disposed on a Printed Circuit Board (PCB), and the switching module 13 may control the resonant frequency of the antenna multiplexing system to be 2G/3G/4G or 5G. The printed circuit board also comprises an 2/3/4/5G transmitting and receiving circuit module.

Further, the antenna multiplexing system further includes at least two grounded antenna matching paths, the grounded antenna matching paths are connected with the switching module 13, and the matching circuits in the grounded antenna matching paths support adjustment. In fig. 2, the antenna multiplexing system includes two grounded antenna matching paths as an example, and includes a third antenna matching path 18 and a fourth antenna matching path 19, and both the third antenna matching path 18 and the fourth antenna matching path 19 are connected to the switching module 13.

The switching module 13 is a control switch including at least four channels, and fig. 2 illustrates a switch including four channels, that is, the switching module 13 may be a Single-pole-four-Throw (SP 4T) switch. The first channel in the switching module 13 is connected to the coupling parasitic element 15, the second channel is connected to the first antenna matching path 11, the third channel is connected to the third antenna matching path 18, and the fourth channel is connected to the fourth antenna matching path 19.

When the switching module 13 selects the first channel and the third channel to be connected, or the first channel and the fourth channel to be connected, the coupling parasitic element 15 and the antenna radiation branch 14 are coupled with each other through the first slot 16 therebetween, and 2G/3G/4G high frequency resonance with a resonant frequency of 2.3GHz-2.7GHz can be generated by adjusting the inductance or capacitance of the matching circuit in the third antenna matching path 18 or the fourth antenna matching path 19.

When the switching module 13 selects the first channel, the second channel, and the third channel, or the first channel, the second channel, and the fourth channel are connected, resonance with a resonant frequency covering the 5G frequency band may be generated. And through setting up variable capacitor 111, the voltage of variable capacitor 111 retrieves suitable voltage value and forms the tuning capacitance from the register that presets, can improve the antenna resonance mode of 5G frequency channel, makes the amplitude of tuning bigger.

The third antenna matching path 18 and the fourth antenna matching path 19 have the same structure, but when the channels switched on by the switching module 13 are different, the values of the inductance or the capacitance in the matching circuit are different. When the resonant frequency of the antenna is the 2G/3G/4G frequency band, if the switching module 13 selects the first channel and the third channel to be connected, the value of the inductance or the capacitance in the matching circuit in the third antenna matching path 18 corresponds to the 2G/3G/4G frequency band; if the switching module 13 selects the first channel and the fourth channel to be connected, the value of the inductance or the capacitance in the matching circuit in the fourth antenna matching path 19 corresponds to the 2G/3G/4G frequency band. When the resonant frequency of the antenna is in the 5G frequency band, if the switching module 13 selects the first channel, the second channel and the third channel to be connected, the value of the inductance or the capacitance in the matching circuit in the third antenna matching path 18 corresponds to the 5G frequency band; if the switching module 13 selects the first channel, the second channel, and the fourth channel to be connected, the value of the inductance or the capacitance in the matching circuit in the fourth antenna matching path 19 corresponds to the 5G frequency band.

In this embodiment, the performance of the antenna in the 2G/3G/4G frequency band and the 5G frequency band can be optimized by adjusting the first matching circuit 112 in the first antenna matching path 11, the second matching circuit 121 in the second antenna matching path 12, and the matching circuits in the two grounded antenna matching paths.

Further, as shown in fig. 2, a second slot 17 is disposed in the antenna radiation branch 14. The width of the first slot 16 between the coupling parasitic element 15 and the antenna radiation branch 14, the width of the second slot 17, the length of the antenna radiation branch 14 and the length of the coupling parasitic element 15 are all adjusted in a supporting manner, so as to further optimize the performance of the antenna in the 2G/3G/4G frequency band and the 5G frequency band. The width of the first slot 16 may be greater than 0.3 mm and the length of the coupling parasitic element 15 may be 1/4 times the wavelength, where the wavelength is expressed by the formulaWherein λ represents wavelength, C represents speed of light in vacuum, the speed of light is 3 x 10^8m/s, F represents resonance frequency, F is between 2300MHz-2700MHz, and ε is relative dielectric constant between antennas. A portion of the antenna radiating stub 14 is also grounded.

The adjustment process for optimizing the antenna performance may be: firstly, calculating the lengths of the antenna radiation branch 14 and the coupling parasitic unit 15, wherein the lengths of two branches of the antenna radiation branch 14 in the 2G/3G/4G antenna body are respectively the size of 1/4 wavelength of the low-frequency bandwidth central frequency point and the size of 1/4 wavelength of the medium-frequency bandwidth central frequency point; the length of the coupling parasitic element 15 is the size of the high-band bandwidth center frequency point 1/4 wavelength. And secondly, adjusting the length of the antenna radiation branch 14 and the width of a second gap 17 between the branches and the width of a first gap 16 between the coupling parasitic unit 15 and the antenna radiation branch 14 according to the return loss of the antenna, and adjusting a matching circuit in a fourth antenna matching path 19 (or a third matching path 18) to optimize the performance of the antenna in the 2G/3G/4G frequency band. And thirdly, optimizing the performance of the antenna in the 5G frequency band by adjusting the first matching circuit 112 in the first antenna matching path 11. Fourthly, the Antenna form of the Antenna in the 5G frequency band can be optimized or changed by adjusting the matching circuit in the third Antenna matching path 18 (or the fourth matching path 19), and the performance of the Antenna can be optimized by replacing a Monopole Antenna (Monopole Antenna) with an Inverted-F Antenna (IFA).

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of return loss of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application, showing that a resonant frequency of the antenna can cover a 2G/3G/4G frequency band, and resonant frequencies of 7 points indicated by arrows in the diagram are 824.00MHz, 896.0MHz, 960.0MHz, 1.71GHz, 2.17GHz, 2.30GHz, and 2.69GHz, in this order.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of return loss of another antenna provided in this embodiment of the present application, and shows that the resonant frequency of the antenna can cover a 5G frequency band on the basis of that shown in fig. 3, and the resonant frequencies of two points indicated by arrows in the diagram are 4.4GHz and 5.0GHz, respectively.

In the embodiment, the antenna matching path of the 5G frequency band is connected with one branch (namely the coupling parasitic unit 15) of the 2G/3G/4G antenna, so that the antenna multiplexing is realized according to the difference of the resonant frequencies of the 5G antenna and the 2G/3G/4G antenna, and the requirements of the 5G antenna and the 2G/3G/4G antenna on the number of the antennas can be met on the premise of not sacrificing the efficiency of the antennas; on the other hand, the layout space can be saved, and the appearance design requirement of the terminal product can be met, so that the product market has competitiveness.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment, a first antenna matching passage in an antenna multiplexing system is connected with a coupling parasitic unit through a switching module, the coupling parasitic unit is a branch in an antenna body corresponding to a second antenna matching passage, an antenna radiation branch in the antenna body is connected with the second antenna matching passage, when the control module controls the switching module to communicate the first antenna matching passage, the resonant frequency of the first antenna matching passage can be generated, the resonant frequencies of the first antenna matching passage and the second antenna matching passage are different, multiplexing of the antenna is achieved, the requirement of various resonant frequencies on the number of the antennas is met on the premise of not sacrificing the efficiency of the antenna, and the bandwidth and the efficiency of the antenna are improved on the basis of saving the layout space; in addition, in the embodiment, by setting the variable capacitor, the antenna resonance mode of the 5G frequency band can be improved, so that the tuning amplitude is larger, the design difficulty is further reduced, and the dependence of the antenna on the space of the mobile phone is reduced.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 5, the terminal is configured with the antenna multiplexing system according to the above embodiment. The terminal in this embodiment may be a mobile terminal.

Referring to fig. 5, the antenna radiation branch 14 is connected to the 2G/3G/4G receiving/transmitting circuit on the printed circuit board 22 through the second antenna matching path 12, the coupling parasitic element 15 is connected to the first antenna matching path 11 through the switching module 13, and the first antenna matching path 11 is connected to the 5G receiving/transmitting circuit and the main ground on the printed circuit board 22. The height of the antenna clearance area 21 in the figure is not limited, and may be set according to actual conditions. The resonant frequency of the first antenna matching path 11 is 3.2GHz-5GHz, that is, the first antenna matching path 11 corresponds to a 5G frequency band, and the resonant frequency of the second antenna matching path 12 is 0.7GHz-2.7GHz, which can cover a 2G/3G/4G frequency band.

The embodiment provides a terminal, and by configuring the antenna multiplexing system of the above embodiment on the terminal, the antenna layout is more reasonable, so that the terminal can meet the requirements of the resonant frequencies of the 2G/3G/4G frequency band and the 5G frequency band on the number of antennas on the premise of not sacrificing the antenna efficiency, and the bandwidth and the efficiency of the antenna are improved on the basis of saving the layout space.

It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present application and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the application. Therefore, although the present application has been described in more detail with reference to the above embodiments, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is determined by the scope of the appended claims.