阅读说明：本技术 基于正六边形单元的宽带高增益法布里-珀罗谐振腔天线 (Broadband high-gain Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna based on regular hexagonal unit ) 是由 焦永昌 关云杰 田季丰 于 2021-01-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于正六边形单元的宽带高增益法布里-珀罗谐振腔天线,其包括上层中下三层介质基板(2,4,7),且通过低介电常数尼龙框(9)固定为一体。该上层介质基板的上下分别为上反射表面(1)和下反射表面(3),三者形成部分反射表面结构；该中间层介质基板的下表面为寄生贴片(5),两者形成辐射体；该底层介质基板的上表面为金属地板(6),下表面为渐变型微带馈线(8),三者形成馈源,该部分上下反射表面(1,3)均采用周期性排列的正六边形单元,这些单元沿着正六边形三条相邻边的中垂线方向排列；金属地板上刻有两条用于拓宽阻抗带宽的矩形缝隙。本发明拓宽了天线的带宽,提高了增益,可用于卫星通信以及雷达系统。(The invention discloses a broadband high-gain Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna based on a regular hexagon unit, which comprises three layers of medium substrates (2, 4 and 7) at the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer, and the medium substrates are fixed into a whole through a low-dielectric-constant nylon frame (9). The upper layer medium substrate and the lower layer medium substrate are respectively an upper reflecting surface (1) and a lower reflecting surface (3) which form a partial reflecting surface structure; the lower surface of the middle layer dielectric substrate is a parasitic patch (5), and the parasitic patch form a radiator; the upper surface of the bottom layer medium substrate is a metal floor (6), the lower surface of the bottom layer medium substrate is a graded microstrip feeder (8), the metal floor, the graded microstrip feeder and the graded microstrip feeder form a feed source, the upper reflecting surface and the lower reflecting surface of the part (1, 3) both adopt regular hexagonal units which are periodically arranged, and the units are arranged along the perpendicular bisector direction of three adjacent sides of a regular hexagon; two rectangular gaps for widening impedance bandwidth are carved on the metal floor. The invention widens the bandwidth of the antenna, improves the gain and can be used for satellite communication and radar systems.)

1. A broadband high-gain Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna based on a regular hexagon unit comprises an upper-layer dielectric substrate (2), an intermediate-layer dielectric substrate (4), a bottom-layer dielectric substrate (7) and a support piece (9), wherein the three substrates are fixed into a whole from bottom to top through the support piece (9); the upper surface of the upper layer medium substrate (2) is a partial upper reflecting surface (1), the lower part is a partial lower reflecting surface (3), and the three form a partial reflecting surface structure; the lower surface of the middle layer dielectric substrate (4) is provided with a parasitic patch (5), and the parasitic patch form a radiator structure; the upper surface of this bottom dielectric substrate (7) is metal floor (6), and the lower surface is gradual change type microstrip feeder (8), and the three forms feed structure, its characterized in that:

the partial upper reflecting surface (1) and the partial lower reflecting surface (3) are periodically arranged regular hexagon units which are arranged along the perpendicular bisector direction of three adjacent sides of the regular hexagon;

the support (9) adopts a low dielectric constant nylon frame to form a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity between the partial lower reflecting surface (3) and the metal floor (6), and an air band gap is formed between the parasitic patch (5) and the metal floor (6) to inhibit the excitation of the antenna surface wave;

the metal floor (6) is etched with two rectangular slots (61) and (62) to widen the impedance bandwidth of the antenna.

2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein:

regular hexagonal cells of the partial upper reflective surface (1), which are regular hexagonal patches;

regular hexagonal cells of the partial lower reflective surface (3) being a combination of a regular hexagonal aperture and a six-legged branch within the aperture;

the arrangement period P of the regular hexagon units on the upper and lower reflecting surfaces is 6-9 mm.

3. The antenna of claim 1, wherein:

the length L1 of the regular hexagon patch cells in the partial upper reflecting surface (1) is 5mm-7 mm;

the length of the side L2 of the outer diameter of the regular hexagon aperture in the partial lower reflecting surface (3) is 5mm-7mm, the length of the side L3 of the inner diameter of the regular hexagon aperture is 4mm-6mm, the length of the side L4 of the six-foot branch is 5mm-7mm, and the width W of the six-foot branch is 0.5mm-3.5 mm.

4. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the low-k nylon frame (9) comprises a square outer frame (91) and a square inner frame (92), the outer frame is divided into an upper layer (911) and a lower layer (912), the upper layer and the lower layer (911) are fixed through four supporting columns (93), the lower layer (912) has only three sides, the square inner frame (92) is fixed in the middle of the lower layer (912), the upper layer dielectric substrate (2) is fixed in the upper layer (911) of the outer frame in an embedding manner, the lower layer dielectric substrate (7) is inserted into the lower layer (912) of the outer frame through two notches in the supporting columns (93), and the middle layer dielectric substrate (4) is fixed in the square inner frame (92) in an embedding manner.

5. An antenna according to claim 4, wherein the upper and lower layers (911,912) of the square outer frame are separated by a support pillar (93) to form a Fabry-Perot cavity having a height H of 10mm to 30mm, and an air gap exists between the inner frame (92) and the lower layer (912) of the square outer frame, and the gap height H0 is 1mm to 5 mm.

6. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the upper dielectric substrate (2) and the bottom dielectric substrate (7) are square dielectric substrates, and the side length and the dielectric constant of the upper dielectric substrate and the bottom dielectric substrate are completely the same, the side length L is 60mm-80mm, and the dielectric constant epsilon is₁3.4, the thickness H1 of the upper dielectric substrate (2) is 0.8mm-1.2mm, and the thickness H2 of the lower dielectric substrate (5) is 0.7mm-1 mm.

7. An antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate layer dielectric substrate (4) is square in shape with a side length L6 less than L, the thickness H3 of the intermediate layer dielectric substrate (4) is 0.8mm-1.2mm, and the dielectric constant ∈ is₂Is 2.2.

8. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the first rectangular slot (61) has a long side SL1 of 7mm-9mm and a short side SW1 of 1mm-3 mm; the long side SL2 of the second rectangular gap (62) is 5mm-7mm, the short side SW2 is 0.5mm-1.5mm, the distance D1 between the rectangular gaps is 0.5mm-1.5mm, the distance D2 between the rectangular gap (61) and one side of the metal floor (6) is 33mm-37mm, and the distance D3 between the rectangular gap (62) and the other side of the metal floor (6) is 34mm-38 mm.

9. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the graded microstrip feed line (8) is composed of a small impedance microstrip line (81) and a large impedance microstrip line (82), the small impedance microstrip line (81) having a width W1 of 0.5mm-1.5mm and a length L7 of 11mm-14mm, the large impedance microstrip line (82) having a width W2 of 1mm-3mm and a length L8 of 25mm-27 mm.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and further relates to a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna which can be used for satellite communication and radar systems.

Background

With the rapid development of modern radar, electronic countermeasure, current and next-generation communication technologies, the performance of an antenna, which is one of the important systems of these electronic systems, is continuously increasing. Compared with the traditional high-gain antenna, the fabry-perot resonant cavity antenna has obvious advantages in the aspects of high gain, high efficiency, low profile, simple structure, no need of complex feed network, easy manufacture, simple assembly and the like, and has become one of the research hotspots at home and abroad. The Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna has a simpler quasi-planar structure, the processing and maintenance difficulty and cost of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna are lower than those of traditional high-gain antennas such as a reflecting surface, a waveguide horn and the like, and when the same gain is achieved, the volume of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna is far smaller than that of the traditional high-gain antennas due to higher aperture efficiency and lower section height. Fabry-perot resonators are therefore often used to improve the gain performance of the antenna.

The existing Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna consists of three parts, namely a feed source, a metal floor and a partial reflection surface. The partial reflection surface and the floor form a resonant cavity due to the existence of an air band gap, when the distance between the partial reflection surface and the floor meets the value required by a resonance condition, one part of electromagnetic waves radiated from the feed source antenna is transmitted outwards through the partial reflection surface, the other part of the electromagnetic waves is continuously reflected in the resonant cavity, and the electromagnetic waves reflected for multiple times can realize same-phase superposition on the outer surface of the partial reflection surface, so that the gain of the feed source antenna is improved. However, the fabry-perot resonator antenna still belongs to a resonator structure, and the 3dB gain bandwidth and the impedance bandwidth are both narrow, so how to widen the bandwidth is also a challenge for designers.

In order to solve the problem of narrow gain bandwidth, many researchers have proposed solutions. For example, M.A. Merich, H.Attia, A.Messai, S.S.I.Mitu and T.A.Denidni proposed a broadband high-gain Fabry-Perot resonator Antenna operating in the 12-15GHz band in the article "Directive Wireless broadband Antenna With Single-Layer Metal-Supercast" published in the journal of IEEE Antennas and Wireless Provisions Letters, vol.18, No.9, pp.1771-1774, Sept.2019. The feed source adopts a slot antenna, and a square patch and a square ring are respectively etched on two sides of a dielectric substrate to be used as partial reflection surfaces so as to generate a phase gradient with a positive slope and improve the gain bandwidth of the antenna. However, the 3dB gain bandwidth of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna adopting the square units and the slot feed source is still narrow, experiments show that only 18.7% of the gain bandwidth of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna can reach 3dB within the working frequency range, and the peak gain is 13.78 dBi. Therefore, if the 3dB gain bandwidth of the antenna is further increased, further improvements in the feed structure and the partially reflective surface are required.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a broadband high-gain Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna based on a regular hexagon unit to overcome the defects of the prior art, so as to improve the gain bandwidth of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

1. a broadband high-gain Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna based on a regular hexagon unit comprises an upper-layer dielectric substrate 2, a middle-layer dielectric substrate 4, a bottom-layer dielectric substrate 7 and a support member 9, wherein the three substrates are fixed into a whole from bottom to top through the support member 9; the upper part of the upper layer medium substrate 2 is a partial upper reflecting surface 1, the lower part is a partial lower reflecting surface 3, and the three parts form a partial reflecting surface structure; the lower surface of the middle layer dielectric substrate 4 is a parasitic patch 5, and the two form a radiator structure; the upper surface of the bottom layer medium substrate 7 is a metal floor 6, the lower surface is a graded microstrip feeder line 8, and the three form a feed source structure, which is characterized in that:

the partial upper reflecting surface 1 and the partial lower reflecting surface 3 are periodically arranged regular hexagonal units which are arranged along the direction of the perpendicular bisector of three adjacent sides of the regular hexagon;

the supporting piece 9 adopts a nylon frame with a low dielectric constant to form a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity between the partial lower reflecting surface 3 and the metal floor 6, and an air band gap is formed between the parasitic patch 5 and the metal floor 6 to inhibit the excitation of the surface wave of the antenna;

the metal floor 6 has two rectangular slots 61 and 62 etched therein to widen the impedance bandwidth of the antenna.

Preferably, the regular hexagonal cells of the partial upper reflective surface 1 are regular hexagonal patches;

preferably, the regular hexagonal cells of the partial lower reflective surface 3 are a combination of a regular hexagonal aperture and a six-legged branch within the aperture;

preferably, the arrangement period P of the regular hexagonal cells of the upper and lower reflective surfaces is 6mm to 9 mm.

Preferably, the length L1 of the regular hexagonal patch elements in the partial upper reflective surface 1 is 5mm to 7 mm;

preferably, the length L2 of the outer diameter of the regular hexagonal aperture in the partially lower reflecting surface 3 is 5mm to 7mm, the length L3 of the inner diameter of the regular hexagonal aperture is 4mm to 6mm, the length L4 of the six-legged branch is 5mm to 7mm, and the width W of the six-legged branch is 0.5mm to 3.5 mm.

Preferably, the low-k nylon frame 9 comprises a square outer frame 91 and a square inner frame 92, the outer frame is divided into an upper layer 911 and a lower layer 912, the upper layer 911 and the lower layer 912 are fixed through four supporting pillars 93, the lower layer 912 has only three sides, the square inner frame 92 is fixed in the middle of the lower layer 912, the upper layer dielectric substrate 2 is fixed in the upper layer frame 911 of the outer frame in an embedding manner, the lower layer dielectric substrate 7 is inserted into the lower layer 912 of the outer frame through two notches on the supporting pillars 93, and the middle layer dielectric substrate 4 is fixed in the square inner frame 92 in an embedding manner.

Preferably, the upper and lower layers 911 and 912 of the square outer frame are separated by the support column 93 to form a fabry-perot resonator, the height H of the resonator is 10mm to 30mm, an air band gap exists between the inner frame 92 and the lower layer 912 of the square outer frame, and the height H0 of the band gap is 1mm to 5 mm.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

firstly, in the same type broadband high-gain Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna, the periodically arranged regular hexagon units are firstly adopted, the units are arranged along the perpendicular bisector direction of three adjacent sides of the regular hexagon, and compared with the traditional square units and circular units, the periodically arranged regular hexagon units have one more arrangement direction, so that the units are more compactly arranged and stronger in coupling, and positive phase gradient is obtained in a wider frequency range;

secondly, the parasitic patch and the feeder line are prevented from contacting each other due to the adoption of the feeding mode of the double-slit coupling patch, and compared with the traditional slit feeding mode, the air band gap exists between the parasitic patch and the feeder line, so that surface wave excitation can be well inhibited, the impedance bandwidth of the antenna can be improved, and the radiation pattern of the antenna can be improved;

thirdly, because the low-dielectric-constant nylon frame is adopted, compared with the traditional nylon column, holes do not need to be punched on the dielectric substrate, so that the integrity of the antenna is protected, the performance of the antenna is stabilized, and the actual usability of the antenna is improved;

drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic of the layered structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the low-k nylon frame of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a portion of the upper reflective surface of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a portion of the lower reflective surface of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the present parasitic patch structure of FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the metal floor and the gap on the metal floor in FIG. 2;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a graded feeder structure in fig. 2;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a feed structure of a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the height between dielectric substrates in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a graph of return loss characteristics in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a radiation pattern at plane xoz and at plane yoz in an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following describes in detail specific embodiments and effects of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3: the broadband high-gain fabry-perot resonator antenna of this example includes part upper reflecting surface 1, upper dielectric substrate 2, part lower reflecting surface 3, intermediate layer dielectric substrate 4, parasitic patch 5, metal floor 6, bottom dielectric substrate 7, microstrip feeder 8, low dielectric constant nylon frame 9, wherein:

the low-dielectric-constant nylon frame 9 comprises a square outer frame 91 and a square inner frame 92, wherein the outer frame is divided into an upper layer 911 and a lower layer 912, the upper layer 911 and the lower layer 912 are fixed by four supporting columns 93 with the height of H, the lower layer frame 912 only has three sides, the square inner frame 92 is fixed in the middle of the lower layer frame 912, the size of the square inner frame is one third of that of a large frame, and notches are formed in the lower ends of the first two supporting columns in the four supporting columns 93.

The partial upper reflecting surface 1 and the partial lower reflecting surface 3 are respectively positioned at the upper part and the lower part of the upper-layer dielectric substrate 2, and form a partial reflecting surface structure which is fixed in an upper-layer frame 911 of an external frame in an embedding manner and is used for improving the gain of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna.

The parasitic patch 5 is located on the lower surface of the middle-layer dielectric substrate 4, and the parasitic patch and the radiating structure form a radiating body structure, and the radiating body structure is fixed in the square inner frame 92 in an embedded mode and used for providing stable radiation for the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna.

The metal floor 6 and the graded microstrip feeder 8 are respectively positioned on the upper surface and the lower surface of the bottom layer dielectric substrate 7, the metal floor and the graded microstrip feeder form a feed source structure, the feed source structure is inserted into the lower layer 912 of the outer frame through two notches on the supporting column 93, and an air band gap exists between the radiator structure in the inner frame 92 and the feed source structure in the lower layer 912 of the outer frame so as to inhibit surface wave excitation of the feed source antenna. The feed source structure and the radiator structure form a feed source antenna.

The upper-layer dielectric substrate 2 and the bottom-layer dielectric substrate 4 are identical in size, the side length L of the upper-layer dielectric substrate is 60-80 mm, the height H1 is 0.8-1.2 mm, the side length L6 of the middle-layer dielectric substrate is 15-20 mm, the height H3 is 0.8-1.2 mm, and the side length L of the metal floor 6 is 60-80 mm. The dielectric constants of the upper dielectric substrate 2 and the lower dielectric substrate 4 are ε₁. This example takes, but is not limited to, L72 mm, H1 1mm, L6 18mm, H3 0.8mm,. epsilon.₁Is 3.4.

Referring to fig. 4, the partial upper reflective surface 1 is formed by periodic arrangement of regular hexagonal patches, the arrangement direction of the regular hexagonal patches is perpendicular to the perpendicular direction of three adjacent sides of a regular hexagon, and a mechanism form is formed in which six identical patches surround any one of the regular hexagonal patches, so as to greatly enhance the coupling between the regular hexagonal patches, thereby enabling the regular hexagonal cells to obtain a positive phase gradient in a wide operating frequency range, the arrangement period P of the regular hexagonal cells is 7mm to 9mm, in this example, but not limited to, P is 8mm, and the side length L1 of each regular hexagonal patch is 5mm to 7mm, in this example, but not limited to, L1 is 6 mm.

Referring to fig. 5: the partial lower reflection surface 3 is formed by periodically arranging regular hexagonal cells, the cells are formed by combining regular hexagonal apertures and six-pin branches in the apertures, the arrangement direction is the perpendicular direction in three adjacent sides of a regular hexagon, wherein the regular hexagonal apertures are used for enhancing the coupling property among the regular hexagonal cells and improving the reflection performance of the partial reflection surface, the six-pin branches are used for prolonging the circulation path of current so as to reduce the size of the regular hexagonal cells and further miniaturize the antenna, the cells are printed on the lower surface of the upper layer medium substrate 2, the outer diameter side length of the regular hexagonal apertures is L2 to be 5mm to 7mm, the inner diameter side length of the regular hexagonal apertures L3 is 4mm to 6mm, the side length of the six-pin branches L4 is 5mm to 7mm, the width of the six-pin branches W is 0.5mm to 3.5mm, but the embodiment is not limited to L2 being 6mm, l3 was 5mm, L4 was 6mm, W was 0.5mm, and the arrangement period P was the same as that of the partially upper reflective surface 1.

Referring to fig. 6: the parasitic patch 5 is printed on the lower surface of the intermediate layer dielectric substrate 4 and serves as a main radiating unit in the fabry-perot resonator antenna, the performance of the parasitic patch is directly affected by the performance of the whole fabry-perot resonator antenna, the patch is square, the side length L5 of the patch is 7mm-10mm, the distance D0 from the parasitic patch 5 to the edge of the intermediate layer dielectric substrate 4 is 4.5mm-6.5mm, and the example is not limited to the case that L5 is 8mm, and D0 is 5.5 mm.

Referring to fig. 7, a metal floor 6 is printed on the upper surface of a bottom layer dielectric substrate 7, two rectangular slits 61 and 62 are etched in the middle position of the metal floor, coupling between the two slits enables the feed source antenna to generate a new resonance point within the working frequency range, the occurrence of the resonance point can widen the working bandwidth of the fabry-perot resonant cavity antenna, and provide broadband conditions for the fabry-perot resonant cavity antenna, wherein the long side SL1 of the first rectangular slit 61 is 7mm to 9mm, and the short side SW1 is 1mm to 3 mm; the long side SL2 of the second rectangular slit 62 is 5mm-7mm, and the short side SW2 is 0.5mm-1.5 mm; the distance D2 between the rectangular gap 61 and one side of the metal floor 6 is 33mm-37mm, the distance D3 between the rectangular gap 62 and the other side of the metal floor 6 is 34mm-38mm, and the distance D1 between the rectangular gaps is 0.5mm-1.5 mm. This example takes, but is not limited to, 8mm for SL1, 2mm for SW1, 6mm for SL2, 1mm for SW2, 35mm for D2, 35mm for D3, and 1mm for D1.

Referring to fig. 8: the graded microstrip feeder line 8 is printed on the lower surface of the bottom layer medium substrate 7, is perpendicular to the two rectangular slots 61 and 62 on the upper surface of the bottom layer medium substrate, and has two main functions: the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna is mainly used for transmitting radio frequency signals and adjusting impedance matching of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna. The radiation performance and radiation efficiency of the antenna are improved only when the feed elements of the antenna are impedance matched. The microstrip feeder consists of a small-impedance microstrip line 81 and a large-impedance microstrip line 82, wherein the width W1 of the small-impedance microstrip line 81 is 1mm-1.4mm, and the length L7 is 11.5mm-13.5 mm; the width W2 of the high-impedance microstrip line 81 is 1.5mm-3.5mm, the length L8 is 24mm-28mm, and the example is not limited to W1 being 1.2mm, L7 being 12.3mm, W2 being 1.5mm, and L8 being 26.5 mm.

Referring to fig. 9: the feed source antenna is one of main components of a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna and mainly provides electromagnetic wave radiation for the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity.

Referring to fig. 10: the height H3 between the upper dielectric substrate 2 and the bottom dielectric substrate 7 is 15mm-17mm, the height H4 between the middle dielectric substrate 4 and the bottom dielectric substrate 7 is 1.3mm-3.3mm, and the embodiment is not limited to that H3 is 16mm, and H4 is 2.3 mm. The height H3 is the height of the antenna cavity resonator, the height H4 is the height of the air gap, and the two heights have obvious influence on the performance of the antenna, wherein the height of the antenna cavity resonator has obvious influence on the gain performance of the antenna, and the height of the air gap has obvious influence on the impedance matching performance of the antenna, so that the performance of the antenna can be optimized only by reasonably adjusting the heights of the two.

The effect of the invention can be further explained by combining the simulation result:

1. simulation content:

simulation 1, the return loss parameter and the gain of the embodiment of the present invention were calculated by simulation using commercial simulation software HFSS — 15.0, and the result is shown in fig. 11.

As can be seen from fig. 11, the working bandwidth of the feed antenna in this embodiment is 8.8GHz:11.4GHz and the relative bandwidth thereof is 25.7% based on the reflection coefficient of-10 dB, and the working bandwidth of the fabry-perot resonator antenna is 8.4GHz:11.3GHz and the relative bandwidth thereof is 29.4%; the highest gain of the feed source antenna is 7dBi, the highest gain of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna is 14dBi, the 3dB gain bandwidth of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna is 8.4GHz to 11.2GHz, the relative bandwidth is 28%, and the center frequencies of the feed source antenna and the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna are both 10 GHz.

Simulation 2, a far-field radiation pattern of the embodiment of the present invention is simulated and calculated by using commercial simulation software HFSS _15.0, and the result is shown in fig. 12, where:

FIG. 12(a) is the E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of the embodiment antenna at 8.4 GHz;

FIG. 12(b) is the E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of the embodiment antenna at 9 GHz;

fig. 12(c) shows the E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of the example antenna at 11.2 GHz.

As can be seen from fig. 12(a), when the antenna of the embodiment of the present invention operates at 8.4GHz, the maximum radiation directions of the E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns are 0 degree, and the side lobe level is lower than-11 dB.

As can be seen from fig. 12(b), when the antenna of the embodiment of the present invention operates at 9GHz, the maximum radiation directions of the E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns are 0 degree, the side lobe level is lower than-15 dB, and the pattern at the frequency point has better symmetry with respect to the 0 degree line.

As can be seen from fig. 12(c), when the antenna of the embodiment of the present invention operates at 11.2GHz, the maximum radiation directions of the E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns are 0 degree, and the side lobe level is lower than-13 dB.

The simulation results show that when the antenna uses the partial reflection surface of the regular hexagon unit, the working bandwidth and the 3dB gain bandwidth are both greatly widened, the gain in the maximum radiation direction is also obviously improved, and the antenna has a good radiation directional diagram.