阅读说明：本技术 一种基于水汽相变的自流式空气除尘装置及方法 (Gravity flow type air dust removal device and method based on water vapor phase change ) 是由 代安稳 张军 尹杰 于 2021-01-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及空气除尘技术领域领域,具体涉及一种基于水汽相变的自流式空气除尘装置,包括竖向放置的水汽相变管,所述水汽相变管包括上出风口和下进风口；沿所述水汽相变管内管壁设有由高温水体形成的均匀下流的水壁；所述水壁上方设有丝网除雾器。本发明设备简单,运行成本低,将自然对流与水汽相变技术耦合,空气流动动力来自于壁面高温热水与低温空气温差所产生的自然对流,不需要额外的能量输入,大幅度降低的空气处理过程中的能源消耗。可用于大规模的处理室外空气中的PM2.5颗粒物,可结合高层建筑如写字楼楼宇作为落水管进行安装,也可构建独立系统单独使用。(The invention relates to the technical field of air dust removal, in particular to a gravity flow type air dust removal device based on water vapor phase change, which comprises a water vapor phase change pipe which is vertically arranged, wherein the water vapor phase change pipe comprises an upper air outlet and a lower air inlet; a water wall which is formed by high-temperature water and flows down uniformly is arranged along the inner pipe wall of the water vapor phase change pipe; and a wire mesh demister is arranged above the water wall. The invention has simple equipment and low operation cost, couples the natural convection with the water vapor phase change technology, and the air flow power comes from the natural convection generated by the temperature difference between the high-temperature hot water and the low-temperature air on the wall surface, thereby not needing additional energy input and greatly reducing the energy consumption in the air treatment process. The device can be used for large-scale treatment of PM2.5 particulate matters in outdoor air, can be installed as a downpipe by combining high-rise buildings such as office buildings, and can also be independently used by constructing an independent system.)

1. The utility model provides a gravity flow air dust collector based on steam phase transition which characterized in that: the device comprises a water vapor phase change pipe (9) which is vertically arranged, wherein the water vapor phase change pipe (9) comprises a lower air inlet (1) and an upper air outlet (2); a water wall (8) which is formed by high-temperature water and flows down uniformly is arranged along the inner wall of the water vapor phase change pipe (9); and a wire mesh demister (5) is arranged above the water wall (8).

2. The gravity flow air dust collector based on water vapor phase change of claim 1, wherein: a washing water system (6) for washing the screen demister (5) is arranged at the upper end of the screen demister (5); and the flushing water system (6) flushes the wire mesh demister (5) through cold water.

3. The gravity flow air dust collector based on water vapor phase change of claim 1, wherein: water inlets (4) are uniformly distributed along the tangential direction of the pipe wall of the water vapor phase change pipe (9); the water inlet (4) is gathered to surround the pipe wall.

4. The gravity flow air dust collector based on water vapor phase change of claim 2, wherein: the wire mesh mist eliminator (5) comprises a peak point (51) and a valley point (52); the peak point (51) is positioned on the central axis of the lower air inlet (1).

5. The gravity flow air dust collector based on water vapor phase change of claim 1, wherein: the water vapor phase change tube (9) is made of transparent hydrophilic materials.

6. A gravity flow type air dust removal method based on water vapor phase change is characterized in that:

the water vapor phase change pipe (9) is vertically placed, a uniformly-descending water wall is formed on the inner wall of the water vapor phase change pipe (9) by a high-temperature water body, heat exchange is carried out between hot water and dust-containing air in the water vapor phase change pipe (9), a supersaturated environment is formed, the temperature of the dust-containing air in the water vapor phase change pipe (9) is increased, the density is reduced, air with low density flows upwards under the condition of gravity driving, negative pressure is formed in a pipeline, air outside the pipe is sucked into the pipe, and the air is circulated under the condition without external force;

under the condition of a supersaturated environment, steam volatilized from a water wall is condensed on the surface of fine particles in the dust-containing air to form dust-containing liquid drops containing the fine particles, and the dust-containing liquid drops rise along with the air and are captured and removed in a wire mesh demister (5), so that the air is dedusted.

7. The gravity flow air dedusting method based on the water-vapor phase change is characterized in that: and (3) flushing the wire mesh demister (5) by using cold water, reducing the temperature level in the water vapor phase change pipe (9), and increasing the supersaturation degree in the pipeline.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of air dust removal, and particularly relates to an air dust removal device and method based on water-vapor phase change gravity driving.

Background

In recent years, the continuous existence of haze weather is receiving wide attention worldwide, and PM2.5 is an important component of haze, and the control of the haze is a focus of research of various students. Reducing PM2.5 emission from the source is the most effective control mode, but because emission sources are many, the emission process and scale are different greatly, the distribution is dispersed, and some are in a mobile state, the emission investment for controlling PM2.5 from the source is large in capital and long in effective time, and the economic development can be slowed down to a certain extent.

Another way is to control PM2.5 existing in the atmosphere, and various technologies are used, mainly including a filter dust removal technology, an electrostatic dust removal technology, an anion purification technology and a wet dust removal technology.

When the publication date is 20200807, publication (bulletin) numbers are: the patent name of CN111495097A is: a dust removal pretreatment device of a water-vapor phase change coupling gradient magnetic field comprises an air compressor, an aerosol generator, a nucleation chamber, a constant-temperature hot water circulating system, a low-temperature constant-temperature air inlet system connected with the bottom of the nucleation chamber and a permanent magnet ring set which is sleeved outside the nucleation chamber and is axially arranged; the coalescence mode of two kinds of fine particles of water vapour phase transition and gradient magnetic field has been coupled, and is higher to humidity, contains the dusty gas that metallic element is more, and fine particle had both received the effect of supersaturated field in the nucleation room and had carried out heterogeneous nucleation and condense to grow up, receives the effect of gradient magnetic field again, carries out the magnetism and gathers and, consequently improvement preliminary treatment efficiency that can show promotes the effect of growing up of fine particle.

However, in the technologies, air flow needs to be driven by an external force such as a fan, so that the process has high energy consumption and high operation cost; meanwhile, the existing device cannot be applied in a large scale due to the various devices, so that the existing dust removal device utilizing the water vapor phase change can only be applied to large-scale factory treatment.

However, for outdoor large-scale daily dust removal and haze removal, the complex mechanical structure and the numerous devices of the existing equipment cannot be suitable for the existing requirements.

Therefore, a new solution is required for large-scale and low-energy treatment of PM2.5 present in air.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides the gravity flow type air dust removal device based on the water vapor phase change, which is low in energy consumption and suitable for outdoor haze removal.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the gravity flow type air dust removal device based on the water vapor phase change comprises a water vapor phase change pipe which is vertically arranged, wherein the water vapor phase change pipe comprises an upper air outlet and a lower air inlet; a water wall which is formed by high-temperature water and flows down uniformly is arranged along the inner pipe wall of the water vapor phase change pipe; and a wire mesh demister is arranged above the water wall.

Furthermore, a washing water system for washing the screen demister is arranged at the upper end of the screen demister; and the flushing water system flushes the wire mesh demister by cold water.

Further, water inlets are uniformly distributed along the tangential direction of the pipe wall of the water vapor phase change pipe; the water inlet is gathered around the pipe wall.

Further, the wire mesh mist eliminator comprises a peak point and a valley point; the peak point is positioned on the central axis of the lower air inlet.

Furthermore, the water vapor phase change tube is made of transparent hydrophilic materials.

The invention also comprises a gravity flow type air dust removal method based on water vapor phase change, which comprises the steps of vertically placing a water vapor phase change pipe, forming a uniformly-descending water wall on the inner wall of the water vapor phase change pipe by using a high-temperature water body, so that heat exchange is carried out between hot water and dust-containing air in the water vapor phase change pipe to form a supersaturated environment, the temperature of the dust-containing air in the water vapor phase change pipe is increased, the density is reduced, and air with lower density flows upwards under the condition of gravity driving, so that negative pressure is formed in the pipeline to suck air outside the pipe into the pipe, and the air is circulated without external force;

under the condition of a supersaturated environment, steam volatilized from a water wall is condensed on the surface of fine particles in the dust-containing air to form dust-containing liquid drops containing the fine particles, the dust-containing liquid drops rise along with the air and are captured and removed in a wire mesh demister, and the air is dedusted.

Furthermore, the cold water is used for scouring the wire mesh demister, so that the temperature level in the water vapor phase change pipe is reduced, and the supersaturation degree in the pipeline is increased.

Has the advantages that:

compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the invention has simple equipment, low operation cost, small occupied area and no need of excessive equipment assistance, and is suitable for outdoor large-scale installation and application; the device couples natural convection with a water vapor phase change technology, and the air flow power is natural convection generated by the temperature difference between high-temperature hot water on the wall surface and low-temperature air, so that extra energy input is not needed, and the energy consumption in the air treatment process is greatly reduced. The device can be used for large-scale treatment of PM2.5 particulate matters in outdoor air, can be installed as a downpipe by combining high-rise buildings such as office buildings, and can also be independently used by constructing an independent system.

(2) The water inlet of the gathering-type surrounding pipe wall is arranged, after water is fed, water sprayed from the water inlet of the gathering-type surrounding pipe wall is in tail connection to form annular wall-surrounding water flow, and when the water curtain is formed in the inner wall of the water vapor phase change pipe and uniformly falls, steam is generated more easily in collision with the pipe wall, so that the surface condensation of fine particles in the air by the steam is facilitated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the distribution of the near water gap in the present invention.

Detailed Description

For the understanding of the present invention, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are provided for the purpose of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-2, the air dust removing device based on water vapor phase change gravity driving provided by the invention comprises a water vapor phase change tube 1, wherein a dust-containing air inlet 1 is arranged at the bottom of the water vapor phase change tube 1, one section of the dust-containing air inlet 1 extends out of the lower end of the water vapor phase change tube 1, the other end of the dust-containing air inlet 1 extends into the water vapor phase change tube 1 and is higher than the bottom of the water vapor phase change tube 1, an air outlet 2 is arranged at the top of the dust-containing air inlet 1, and the central axis of the dust-containing air inlet 1 and;

the upper portion lateral wall is equipped with a set of hot water inlet 4 in the steam phase transition pipe 1, and hot water inlet 4 contains a plurality of water inlets, and every water inlet is along pipe wall tangential direction, water inlet one end and pipe wall parallel and level, and the other end stretches out the pipeline and connects hot water supply unit. Hot water 8 flowing out of the hot water inlet 4 flows down along the pipe wall;

the lower end of the water vapor phase change pipe 1 is provided with a sewage outlet 3, one end of the sewage outlet 3 is flush with the side wall of the pipeline, and the other end of the sewage outlet 3 extends out of the pipe and can return to the hot water supply device through a water purification system; a wire mesh demister 5 is arranged at the upper part of a hot water inlet in the water vapor phase change pipe 1, a washing water system 6 is arranged at the upper end of the wire mesh demister 5, and the cross sectional area of the wire mesh demister 5 and the washing water system 6 is equal to that of the water vapor phase change pipe 1; the tube shell 9 of the water vapor phase change tube 1 is made of transparent materials, and sunlight 7 can penetrate through the tube shell 9 to radiate and exchange heat in the tube.

Wherein, water inlets 4 are uniformly distributed along the tangential direction of the tube wall of the water vapor phase change tube 1; as shown in fig. 2, the water inlet 4 is gathered around the pipe wall, the water flow at the water inlet 4-1 is injected along the tangential direction of the pipe wall, and the water flow gradually slides down along the pipe wall in the process of being sprayed to the water inlet 4-6 due to the high initial speed, wherein the initial end is small and the tail end is large; at the moment, the initial end water flow of the water inlet 4-1 is filled by the tail end water flow of the water inlet 4-2 to form a closed loop, and the water inlets 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, 4-5 and 4-6 are connected end to end; therefore, the water inlet of the gathering surrounding pipe wall is arranged, after water enters, water flow sprayed out of the water inlet of the gathering surrounding pipe wall is connected end to form annular wall-surrounding water flow, the water curtain is formed in the water vapor phase change pipe wall and falls uniformly, meanwhile, steam is generated more easily in collision with the pipe wall, and surface condensation of fine particles in the air by the steam is facilitated.

The invention provides a water-vapor phase change based gravity flow type air dust removal device, which has the following working principle:

high-temperature hot water is input into the inner wall surface of the water vapor phase change pipeline from the hot water inlet 4, so that the high-temperature hot water can form a water wall 8 on the inner wall of the pipeline. Because the hot water exchanges heat with the dust-containing air in the water vapor phase change pipe 1, the temperature of the air in the pipeline is increased, the density is reduced, and the air with lower density flows upwards under the condition of gravity driving, so that negative pressure is formed in the pipeline to suck the air outside the pipeline into the pipeline, and the air circulates under the condition of no external force;

the low-temperature humid air in the water vapor phase change pipe 1 and the high-temperature hot water on the wall face transfer heat and mass to form a supersaturated environment, and meanwhile, the sunlight 7 penetrates through the transparent pipe shell to heat the hot water on the wall face of the pipeline, so that the evaporation of the hot water is enhanced, and the circulation of the air is promoted while the supersaturated environment is enhanced. Through the combined action of temperature difference and solar radiation, air can pass through the pipeline at a large flow rate without adding an external force.

Under supersaturated conditions, the steam condenses on the surface of the fine particles in the air, forming dust-laden droplets containing the fine particles, which rise with the air and are captured and removed in the wire mist eliminator 5.

Wherein the washing water system washes the particles in the wire mesh demister 5 with cold water, and the cold water can reduce the temperature level in the pipeline while cleaning the wire mesh demister 5, thereby increasing the degree of supersaturation in the pipeline;

the wire mesh demister 5 is set in a wave shape, and the wire mesh demister 5 comprises a peak point 51 and a valley point 52; the peak point 51 is located on the central axis of the lower intake vent 12.

On one hand, the W-shaped wire mesh demister increases the contact area of the dust-containing air and the wire mesh demister, and can filter more effectively; on the other hand, the contact area right above the air inlet is reduced, and the contact time of the vertical gas at the air inlet and the wire mesh demister is prolonged; in the existing dust removal device, in order to ensure the air outlet effect, an upper air outlet and a lower air inlet are positioned on the same axis, so that the inlet air mainly flows out from the central part of a demister, and the edge part is less filtered; this device can prevent that the flow directly over air intake department is too big, and dust removal pressure is big, when influencing the dust removal effect, can make the liquid drop under the desorption flow down along silk screen defroster edge under the effect of the surface tension of water, neither can influence the wall hot water and flow, and the sewage that washes down simultaneously can flow into the bottom of desorption tower again and pass through outlet 3 and discharge, and can not exert an influence to air inlet 1.

The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are intended to further illustrate the principles of the invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is also intended to be covered by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.