阅读说明：本技术 一种高温超导磁悬浮列车同步起落系统及场冷方法 (Synchronous lifting system of high-temperature superconducting maglev train and field cooling method ) 是由 周大进 程翠华 赵勇 于 2021-03-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种高温超导磁悬浮列车同步起落系统及冷却方法,同步起落系统包括同步起落单元与辅助支撑机构组成。在高温超导磁悬浮列车的场冷过程中,本申请可以实现多个悬浮杜瓦的同步场冷,有效提高悬浮杜瓦与永磁轨道间的定位精度,抑制垂向、横向定位误差及非同步场冷带来的承载性能分布不均衡、悬浮力衰减、横向漂移及侧滚等不足,提高了分布、大承载高温超导磁悬浮列车的悬浮导向性能、稳定性、可靠性与安全性,在高速电磁发射、磁悬浮交通运输领域中具有重要应用价值。(The invention discloses a synchronous lifting system of a high-temperature superconducting maglev train and a cooling method. In the field cooling process of the high-temperature superconducting maglev train, the synchronous field cooling of a plurality of suspension Dewar can be realized, the positioning precision between the suspension Dewar and the permanent magnet track is effectively improved, the defects of unbalanced distribution of the bearing performance, attenuation of the suspension force, transverse drift, side rolling and the like caused by vertical and transverse positioning errors and asynchronous field cooling are inhibited, the suspension guiding performance, stability, reliability and safety of the distributed and large-bearing high-temperature superconducting maglev train are improved, and the method has important application value in the fields of high-speed electromagnetic emission and maglev transportation.)

1. A high-temperature superconducting maglev train synchronous rising and falling system is characterized in that two sides of the bottom of a train body are respectively provided with a suspension Dewar, and a permanent magnet track fixed on a sleeper is arranged right below the suspension Dewar; the method is characterized in that: the synchronous lifting system comprises a synchronous lifting unit and an auxiliary supporting mechanism, the synchronous lifting unit comprises a motor, a reversing system, a transmission shaft system and a plurality of lead screw lifters, the motor is connected with the plurality of lead screw lifters through the reversing system and the transmission shaft system, and the motor rotates to drive each lead screw lifter to lift synchronously; the auxiliary supporting mechanism comprises supporting wheels, transverse guide wheels and auxiliary supporting rails, and the auxiliary supporting rails are respectively supported on the corresponding screw rod lifters and driven to lift by the screw rod lifters, so that the relative positions of the suspended Dewar and the permanent magnet rails are changed; the supporting wheels are connected to the bottom of the train body, and the supporting wheels and the transverse guide wheels are in rolling connection with the corresponding auxiliary supporting rails.

2. The synchronous lifting system of a high-temperature superconducting maglev train as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the reversing system comprises a first-stage reverser and a second-stage reverser; the transmission shaft system comprises a transverse transmission shaft and a longitudinal transmission shaft, an output shaft of the motor is in transmission connection with an input end of a first-stage commutator, an output end of the first-stage commutator is in transmission connection with input ends of second-stage commutators on two sides through the transverse transmission shaft, and an output end of the second-stage commutator is in transmission connection with each lead screw lifter through the longitudinal transmission shaft.

3. The synchronous lifting system of a high-temperature superconducting maglev train as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the supporting wheels are connected with the transverse guide wheels through an H-shaped mechanism, and the transverse guide wheels are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the supporting wheels and form a limiting structure with the auxiliary supporting rail.

4. The synchronous lifting system of a high-temperature superconducting maglev train as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary supporting rail consists of a plurality of sections of lifting rails and a fixed rail, the lifting rails are driven to lift by a synchronous lifting unit below the lifting rails, and the position of the fixed rail is kept unchanged.

5. The synchronous lifting system of a high-temperature superconducting maglev train as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the suspension Dewar is fixed with a high-temperature superconducting material which is a single structure or a combined arrangement structure in a high-temperature superconducting block material, a high-temperature superconducting strip material stack and a coil.

6. The synchronous lifting system of a high-temperature superconducting maglev train as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the permanent magnet track is a single structure or a combined arrangement structure in a permanent magnet, an electromagnet and a superconducting magnet.

7. The synchronous lifting system of a high-temperature superconducting maglev train as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary support rail is an inverted T-shaped steel rail, and the screw rod lifter comprises a screw rod axial movement structure or a nut axial movement structure.

8. The synchronous lifting system of a high-temperature superconducting maglev train as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the supporting wheels and the transverse guide wheels are made of stainless steel or nylon materials.

9. The synchronous landing and landing system of a high-temperature superconducting maglev train, which is used for implementing the field cooling process of the high-temperature superconducting maglev system, according to any one of claims 1 to 8, is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

1) enabling the suspension Dewar to face the permanent magnet track, and controlling the synchronous lifting unit to drive the auxiliary support track to ascend until the distance between the suspension Dewar and the permanent magnet track reaches a preset field cooling height;

2) injecting liquid nitrogen into the suspended Dewar to cool the high-temperature superconducting material;

3) after the high-temperature superconducting material completely enters a superconducting state, the synchronous lifting unit is controlled to drive the auxiliary supporting rail to descend at a preset speed, when the supporting wheels are separated from the auxiliary supporting rail, the bearing object is converted from the support of the auxiliary supporting rail to the support of the permanent magnet rail, the system enters a free suspension state, and after the auxiliary supporting rail returns to an initial position, the synchronous lifting unit is stopped from driving.

10. The synchronous lifting system of a high-temperature superconducting maglev train, which is based on any one of claims 1 to 8, and the implementation method of the synchronous lifting units for the cold process of the high-temperature superconducting maglev train yard is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) the lifting rail and the fixed rail are at the same height;

2) the suspension Dewar is over against the permanent magnet track, and the train drives into the auxiliary support rail area until the train body completely covers the lifting rail;

3) the synchronous lifting unit drives the lifting rail to move upwards at a preset speed so as to lift the train;

4) when the distance between the suspension Dewar and the permanent magnet track reaches a preset field cooling height, the synchronous lifting unit stops driving, liquid nitrogen is injected into the suspension Dewar, and the high-temperature superconducting material is cooled;

5) when the high-temperature superconducting material completely enters a superconducting state, the synchronous lifting unit drives the lifting rail to move downwards at a preset speed, the train falls, and the lifting rail and the permanent magnet rail jointly provide support for the train;

6) the train is separated from the lifting rail, the suspension force generated by the permanent magnet rail counteracts the gravity of the train, and the permanent magnet rail provides complete support for the train;

7) when the lifting rail descends to the same height as the fixed rail, the synchronous lifting unit stops driving;

8) the train moves away from the auxiliary support rail area.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of magnetic suspension trains, in particular to a synchronous rising and falling system of a high-temperature superconducting magnetic suspension train and a field cooling method.

Background

In the development process of social civilization, people never stop pursuing speed, the highest commercial running speed of a high-speed train reaches 350 km/h, further speed increase is limited by the adhesion force of wheel rails, and a magnetic suspension train realizes non-contact support and guide by utilizing magnetic force, so that higher running speed is obtained. The Japanese low-temperature superconducting electric maglev train realizes the highest test speed of 603 km/h, the American super high-speed railway realizes manned test in a low-pressure pipeline for the first time, the theoretical speed per hour can reach 1000 km, the national design speed per hour 600 km high-speed maglev test sample car is offline in a Qingdao, in addition, the high-temperature superconducting maglev test sample car based on the high-temperature superconducting block pinning suspension is offline in the southwest transportation university, and the expected running speed target is more than 600 km/h. The highest design speed of the high-speed flying train proposed by Chinese space science reaches 4000 km. Compared with other maglev trains, the high-temperature superconducting maglev train has the advantages of simple structure, super high speed and the like, and the theoretical maximum speed per hour reaches 3000 km. Before a high-temperature superconducting maglev train runs, in order to obtain self-stable levitation force and guiding force, a levitation Dewar fixed at the bottom of the train needs to be close to a permanent magnet track, liquid nitrogen is injected to carry out field cooling on a high-temperature superconducting material arranged at the bottom of the levitation Dewar, the vertical and transverse relative positions between the levitation Dewar and the permanent magnet track determine the magnitude distribution and stability of the levitation force and the guiding force of the system, and when the train is supported and guided by a plurality of levitation Dewar, how to ensure that the plurality of levitation Dewar and a single permanent magnet track keep consistent vertical and transverse relative positions and synchronous field cooling is important for the safety, reliability and stability of the train running. At present, related devices and field cooling technologies mainly take basic experimental research in a small-scale and non-free suspension state, an automatic control system special for field cooling of a high-temperature superconducting magnetic suspension train is lacked in application of the high-temperature superconducting magnetic suspension train, a standard part support or a non-synchronous lifting mechanism is adopted in a related technical scheme to manually position and lift control the spatial position of a suspension dewar, position control errors are large, and meanwhile synchronous lifting field cooling under distributed placement of the suspension dewar is difficult to guarantee.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to make up for the defects that a special synchronous field cooling automatic control device is lacked in the field cooling process of the high-temperature superconducting magnetic suspension train, the control precision of the relative spatial position of a suspension Dewar and a permanent magnetic rail is low, the synchronous lifting field cooling is difficult to realize, and the like, the invention provides the synchronous lifting system and the cooling method of the high-temperature superconducting magnetic suspension train, which can realize the synchronous lifting of the high-temperature superconducting magnetic suspension train and accurately control the field cooling process of the system, thereby improving the suspension guidance performance, the reliability and the safety of the train operation.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a high-temperature superconducting maglev train synchronous rising and falling system is characterized in that two sides of the bottom of a train body are respectively provided with a suspension Dewar, and a permanent magnet track fixed on a sleeper is arranged right below the suspension Dewar; the synchronous lifting system comprises a synchronous lifting unit and an auxiliary supporting mechanism, the synchronous lifting unit comprises a motor, a reversing system, a transmission shaft system and a plurality of lead screw lifters, the motor is connected with the plurality of lead screw lifters through the reversing system and the transmission shaft system, and the motor rotates to drive each lead screw lifter to lift synchronously; the auxiliary supporting mechanism comprises supporting wheels, transverse guide wheels and auxiliary supporting rails, and the auxiliary supporting rails are respectively supported on the corresponding screw rod lifters and driven to lift by the screw rod lifters, so that the relative positions of the suspended Dewar and the permanent magnet rails are changed; the supporting wheels are connected to the bottom of the train body, and the supporting wheels and the transverse guide wheels are in rolling connection with the corresponding auxiliary supporting rails.

Further, the reversing system comprises a first-stage reverser and a second-stage reverser; the transmission shaft system comprises a transverse transmission shaft and a longitudinal transmission shaft, an output shaft of the motor is in transmission connection with an input end of a first-stage commutator, an output end of the first-stage commutator is in transmission connection with input ends of second-stage commutators on two sides through the transverse transmission shaft, and an output end of the second-stage commutator is in transmission connection with each lead screw lifter through the longitudinal transmission shaft.

Furthermore, the supporting wheels are connected with the transverse guide wheels through an H-shaped mechanism, and the transverse guide wheels are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the supporting wheels and form a limiting structure with the auxiliary supporting rail.

Furthermore, the auxiliary support rail consists of a plurality of sections of lifting rails and a fixed rail, the lifting rails are driven to lift by the synchronous lifting units below the lifting rails, and the position of the fixed rail is kept unchanged.

Furthermore, a high-temperature superconducting material is fixed at the bottom of the suspension dewar, and the high-temperature superconducting material is a single structure or a combined arrangement structure in a high-temperature superconducting block material, a high-temperature superconducting strip material stack and a coil.

Furthermore, the permanent magnet track is a single structure or a combined arrangement structure in a permanent magnet, an electromagnet and a superconducting magnet.

Furthermore, the auxiliary support rail is an inverted T-shaped steel rail, and the screw rod lifter comprises a screw rod axial movement structure or a nut axial movement structure.

Furthermore, the supporting wheels and the transverse guide wheels are made of stainless steel or nylon materials.

The invention relates to a synchronous lifting system of a high-temperature superconducting maglev train, which is used for an implementation method of a field cooling process of the high-temperature superconducting maglev system and comprises the following steps:

1) enabling the suspension Dewar to face the permanent magnet track, and controlling the synchronous lifting unit to drive the auxiliary support track to ascend until the distance between the suspension Dewar and the permanent magnet track reaches a preset field cooling height;

2) injecting liquid nitrogen into the suspended Dewar to cool the high-temperature superconducting material;

3) after the high-temperature superconducting material completely enters a superconducting state, the synchronous lifting unit is controlled to drive the auxiliary supporting rail to descend at a preset speed, when the supporting wheels are separated from the auxiliary supporting rail, the bearing object is converted from the support of the auxiliary supporting rail to the support of the permanent magnet rail, the system enters a free suspension state, and after the auxiliary supporting rail returns to an initial position, the synchronous lifting unit is stopped from driving.

The invention relates to a synchronous lifting system of a high-temperature superconducting magnetic suspension train, which adopts an implementation method that a plurality of synchronous lifting units are used for a cold process of a high-temperature superconducting magnetic suspension train yard, and comprises the following steps:

1) the lifting rail and the fixed rail are at the same height;

2) the suspension Dewar is over against the permanent magnet track, and the train drives into the auxiliary support rail area until the train body completely covers the lifting rail;

3) the synchronous lifting unit drives the lifting rail to move upwards at a preset speed so as to lift the train;

4) when the distance between the suspension Dewar and the permanent magnet track reaches a preset field cooling height, the synchronous lifting unit stops driving, liquid nitrogen is injected into the suspension Dewar, and the high-temperature superconducting material is cooled;

5) when the high-temperature superconducting material completely enters a superconducting state, the synchronous lifting unit drives the lifting rail to move downwards at a preset speed, the train falls, and the lifting rail and the permanent magnet rail jointly provide support for the train;

6) the train is separated from the lifting rail, the suspension force generated by the permanent magnet rail counteracts the gravity of the train, and the permanent magnet rail provides complete support for the train;

7) when the lifting rail descends to the same height as the fixed rail, the synchronous lifting unit stops driving;

8) the train moves away from the auxiliary support rail area.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the relative position error and the control difficulty between the suspended Dewar and the permanent magnet track caused by manual positioning and asynchronous lifting are reduced;

2. the position control, synchronous lifting and speed control of the multi-distributed suspension dewars can be realized;

3. in the field cooling process of a common high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation system and a high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation train, the field cooling control of the system in a high-precision, synchronous and free state is realized;

4. the positioning precision between the suspended Dewar and the permanent magnet track is effectively improved, and the defects of unbalanced bearing performance distribution, suspension force attenuation, transverse drift, side rolling and the like caused by vertical and transverse positioning errors and asynchronous field cooling are restrained;

5. the suspension guidance performance, stability, reliability and safety of the distributed and large-bearing high-temperature superconducting maglev train during operation are improved;

6. the method fills the blank of a high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation train field cold control system, and has important application value in the fields of high-speed electromagnetic emission and magnetic levitation transportation.

Drawings

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description;

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a transverse cross-sectional structure of a synchronous lifting system of a high-temperature superconducting maglev train;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a longitudinal section structure of a synchronous lifting system of a high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation train;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional structure of a synchronous landing unit of a high-temperature superconducting maglev train;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the high-temperature superconducting maglev train synchronous landing units;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a field cooling process of a high temperature superconducting magnetic levitation train.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1-3, the synchronous lifting system of a high-temperature superconducting maglev train of the present invention, two sides of the bottom of a train body 1 are respectively provided with a suspension dewar 2, the bottom of the suspension dewar 2 is fixed with a high-temperature superconducting material 3, and a permanent magnet track 4 fixed on a sleeper 5 is arranged right below the suspension dewar 2; the synchronous lifting system comprises a synchronous lifting unit and an auxiliary supporting mechanism, the synchronous lifting unit comprises a motor 12, a reversing system, a transmission shaft system and a plurality of lead screw lifters 9, the motor 12 is connected with the plurality of lead screw lifters 9 through the reversing system and the transmission shaft system, and the motor 12 rotates to drive each lead screw lifter 9 to synchronously lift; the auxiliary supporting mechanism comprises supporting wheels 6, transverse guide wheels 7 and auxiliary supporting rails 8, the auxiliary supporting rails 8 are respectively supported on corresponding screw rod lifters 9 and driven to lift by the screw rod lifters 9, and therefore the relative positions of the suspended Dewar 2 and the permanent magnet rails 4 are changed; the supporting wheels 6 are connected to the bottom of the train body 1, and the supporting wheels 6 and the transverse guide wheels are in rolling connection with the corresponding auxiliary supporting rails 8.

The reversing system comprises a first-stage reverser 11 and a second-stage reverser 14; the transmission shaft system comprises a transverse transmission shaft 10 and a longitudinal transmission shaft 13, an output shaft of the motor 12 is in transmission connection with an input end of a first-stage commutator 11, an output end of the first-stage commutator 11 is in transmission connection with input ends of second-stage commutators 14 on two sides through the transverse transmission shaft 10, and an output end of each second-stage commutator 14 is in transmission connection with each lead screw lifter 9 through the longitudinal transmission shaft 13, so that a suspension gap between the suspension Dewar 2 and the permanent magnet rail 4 is controlled.

Preferably, the synchronous lifting unit consists of 6 screw rod lifters 9, 3 commutators and 1 motor 12, the maximum load capacity is 15 tons, and the lifting stroke is 100 mm.

The supporting wheels 6 are connected with the transverse guide wheels 7 through an H-shaped mechanism, and the transverse guide wheels 7 are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the supporting wheels 6 and form a limiting structure with the auxiliary supporting rails 8.

Based on the device and the working principle, the field cooling process of the high-temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system can be accurately and reliably realized, and the specific steps mainly comprise:

(1) adjusting the transverse distance between a transverse guide wheel 7 and an auxiliary support rail 8 to enable the vehicle body 1 to be positioned right above the center of the sleeper 5, enabling the suspension Dewar 2 to be right opposite to the permanent magnet rail 4, and driving a screw rod lifter 9 through a motor 12 to enable the gap between the suspension Dewar 2 and the permanent magnet rail 4 to reach a preset field cooling height;

(2) injecting liquid nitrogen into the suspended Dewar 2, and cooling the high-temperature superconducting material 3 to make all the high-temperature superconducting materials enter a superconducting state;

(3) after the high-temperature superconducting material 3 enters a superconducting state, the motor 12 drives the lead screw lifter 9 to enable the vehicle body 1 and the suspension Dewar 2 to descend integrally at a preset speed, when the supporting wheels 6 are separated from the auxiliary supporting rails 8, the support of the vehicle body 1 by the auxiliary supporting rails 8 is converted into the support of the permanent magnet rails 4, the motor 12 is controlled to stop driving, and the system enters a free suspension state.

Preferably, the high-temperature superconducting material 3 is ReBa₂Cu₃O _x7-(ReBCO, Re is rare earth element) bulk, strip stacking and coil single structure or combined arrangement structure.

Preferably, ReBa₂Cu₃O _x7-The (ReBCO, Re is rare earth element) block is a single-seed crystal square block with the size of 40mm multiplied by 16 mm.

Preferably, the permanent magnet track 4 is a single structure or a combined arrangement structure of a permanent magnet, an electromagnet and a superconducting magnet.

Preferably, the cross section structure of the permanent magnet combined arrangement structure of the permanent magnet track 4 is formed by arranging 7 magnets with the magnetization directions of horizontal right, vertical upward, horizontal left, vertical downward, horizontal right, vertical upward and horizontal left in turn according to a halbach array.

Preferably, the auxiliary support rail 8 is an inverted T-shaped steel rail, and the screw rod lifter 9 is a screw rod axial movement structure; the supporting wheel 6 and the transverse guide wheel 7 are made of stainless steel and nylon respectively.

As shown in fig. 4, considering that the whole car body 1 has a certain length, according to the total weight of the car body 1 and the maximum load of the synchronous lifting units, a plurality of synchronous lifting units are longitudinally arranged at the bottom of the whole car body, and the synchronous lifting units are synchronously controlled through a field bus, so that the whole car body 1 realizes synchronous lifting control.

Preferably, there are 3 simultaneous landing gear units longitudinally spaced below each car.

As shown in fig. 5, the field cooling process of the high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation train is schematically illustrated, and for the convenience of description of the process, the structures such as the supporting wheels, the levitation dewar, the permanent magnet track and the like are omitted. The auxiliary support rail comprises multistage lift rail and fixed rail, and each section lift rail below sets up one set of unit that rises and falls in step, controls through field bus, realizes that the multistage lift rail that distributes and place rises and falls in step, and the fixed rail is placed between the lift rail, only is used for the auxiliary support of train, can not go up and down. Based on the above structure, the field cooling process of the train includes:

(1) as shown in fig. 5 (a), the lifting rail and the fixed rail are at the same height to form a continuous auxiliary supporting rail, and the train can run under the supporting and guiding of the rail;

(2) as shown in fig. 5 (b), the train travels to a predetermined position along the auxiliary support rail such that the train completely covers the lifting rail;

(3) as shown in fig. 5 (c), the synchronous lifting unit drives the lifting rail to move upwards at a predetermined speed, so that the train is lifted upwards as a whole;

(4) as shown in fig. 5 (d), when the distance between the suspended dewar and the permanent magnet rail reaches the predetermined field cooling height, the synchronous lifting unit stops driving, liquid nitrogen is injected into the suspended dewar, and the high-temperature superconducting material is cooled until all the high-temperature superconducting material enters a superconducting state;

(5) as shown in fig. 5 (e), when all the high-temperature superconducting materials enter the superconducting state, the synchronous lifting unit drives the lifting rail to move downwards, the whole train descends downwards, and the support of the train is provided by the auxiliary support rail and the permanent magnet rail together;

(6) as shown in fig. 5 (f), the levitation force generated by the permanent magnet track counteracts the gravity of the train, the support of the train is completely provided by the permanent magnet track, the train is separated from the lifting rail, and the synchronous lifting unit continues to drive the lifting rail to move downwards until the lifting rail and the fixed rail are at the same height;

(7) as shown in fig. 5 (g), when the lifting rail and the fixed rail are at the same height, the synchronous lifting unit stops driving, and the train suspends for a period of time, so as to ensure the reliability and safety of suspension and guidance;

(8) as shown in fig. 5 (h), after the train is suspended and guided stably, the train is drawn by the linear motor to run along the track direction and drives away from the auxiliary support rail area;

it can be seen that compared with manual positioning and asynchronous lifting, the invention has the advantages that: the positioning accuracy of the relative position of the suspended Dewar and the permanent magnet track is improved, the distribution deviation of the suspended force and the guiding force caused by vertical positioning errors is reduced, and meanwhile, the attenuation of the suspended force and the transverse drift of a system caused by transverse positioning errors are reduced. In addition, through the multi-point linkage synchronous lifting system, synchronous field cooling under the suspension Dewar distribution arrangement is realized, the stability and the reliability of the high-temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system are improved, and particularly in the field cooling process of a high-temperature superconducting magnetic suspension train, unbalanced train bearing distribution and side rolling caused by suspension Dewar positioning errors and asynchronous field cooling are reduced.

While the invention has been described in connection with the above embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and that those skilled in the art will understand that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.