阅读说明：本技术 一种超大截面积铜型材连续挤压方法 (Continuous extrusion method for copper section with ultra-large sectional area ) 是由 黄伟 于 2021-01-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及连续挤压成型技术领域,公开了一种超大截面积铜型材连续挤压方法,其中包括在成型腔的入口处设有用于暂时阻止扩展腔中的金属坯料流向成型腔的形变阻流件,当金属坯料开始进入到扩展腔中时,所述形变阻流件阻止进入到扩展腔后的金属坯料进入到成型腔；当扩展腔内填充满金属坯料,且形变阻流件在扩展腔内的金属坯料作用下被挤出挤压模具时,扩展腔中的金属坯料进入到成型腔中成型为制品。本申请中通过设置形变阻流件,解决了现有技术中在利用连续挤压技术成型超大截面积铜型材时产品容易出现质量缺陷的问题。(The invention relates to the technical field of continuous extrusion molding, and discloses a continuous extrusion method of a copper profile with an ultra-large cross section, which comprises a deformation flow blocking piece which is arranged at an inlet of a molding cavity and used for temporarily preventing a metal blank in an expansion cavity from flowing to the molding cavity, wherein when the metal blank begins to enter the expansion cavity, the deformation flow blocking piece prevents the metal blank entering the expansion cavity from entering the molding cavity; when the expansion cavity is filled with metal blanks and the deformation flow blocking piece is extruded out of the extrusion die under the action of the metal blanks in the expansion cavity, the metal blanks in the expansion cavity enter the forming cavity to be formed into products. Through setting up deformation choked flow piece in this application, solved among the prior art when utilizing continuous extrusion technique shaping super large sectional area copper section bar the problem that quality defect appears in the product easily.)

1. A continuous extrusion method of a copper profile with an overlarge cross section is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step A, a deformation stage, namely extruding and deforming the rod blank into a metal blank, and extruding the metal blank into an expansion cavity formed by a plug and an extrusion die;

step B, an extrusion stage, wherein the metal blank positioned in the expansion cavity in the step A is extruded into a forming cavity of an extrusion die for forming;

the entrance of the forming cavity is provided with a deformation flow blocking piece for temporarily preventing the metal blank in the expansion cavity from flowing to the forming cavity, and when the metal blank begins to enter the expansion cavity, the deformation flow blocking piece prevents the metal blank entering the expansion cavity from entering the forming cavity; when the expansion cavity is filled with metal blanks and the deformation flow blocking piece is extruded out of the extrusion die under the action of the metal blanks in the expansion cavity, the metal blanks in the expansion cavity enter the forming cavity to be formed into products.

2. The continuous extrusion method of copper profiles with ultra-large cross-sectional areas according to claim 1, wherein the deformation stage in the step A comprises:

a1, biting, placing the rod blank between the extrusion wheel and the pressing wheel, driving the extrusion wheel to rotate, and enabling the pressing wheel to cooperate with the extrusion wheel to drive the rod blank to be smoothly bitten;

a2, upsetting, which is used for enabling the rod blank to generate extrusion deformation in an extrusion channel formed by the extrusion wheel and the groove sealing block under the action of the rotating friction force of the extrusion wheel, and obtaining a metal blank;

and A3, expanding, namely extruding the metal blank obtained in the upsetting step into an expansion cavity formed by the plug and the extrusion die for expanding and filling.

3. The continuous extrusion method of the copper profile with the ultra-large cross-sectional area as claimed in claim 2, wherein an inlet taper surface is formed at an inlet of a forming cavity of the extrusion die, and the deformation flow blocking piece comprises a metal flow blocking block detachably connected to the inlet taper surface.

4. The continuous extrusion method of copper section with ultra-large cross-sectional area as claimed in claim 3, wherein the edge of the metal block close to the end face of the extrusion die and the side wall of the metal block is provided with a matching inclined face matching with the inlet taper face.

5. The continuous extrusion method of copper profile with ultra-large cross-sectional area as claimed in claim 4, wherein said metal choking block comprises copper choking block.

6. The continuous extrusion method of the copper profile with the ultra-large cross-sectional area as set forth in claim 5, wherein the cross-sectional area of the copper flow choking block is 1.05-1.15 times of the cross-sectional area of the product, and the width-to-thickness ratio of the copper flow choking block is equal to the width-to-thickness ratio of the product.

7. The continuous extrusion method of copper profiles with ultra-large cross-sectional area according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that a preheated bar stock is placed between the extrusion wheel and the pressing wheel before the deformation stage of step A, and the preheating temperature of the bar stock is 500 ℃.

8. The continuous extrusion method of the copper profile with the ultra-large cross-sectional area, which is disclosed by claim 7, is characterized in that: the extrusion die is connected with a flow blocking ring, and the copper flow blocking block is positioned between the blocking ring and the extrusion die.

9. The continuous extrusion method of copper profile with ultra large cross-sectional area according to claim 8, wherein the rotation speed of the extrusion wheel in step A1 is lower than the rotation speed of the extrusion wheel after the copper bluff block is extruded from the extrusion die before the copper bluff block is extruded from the extrusion die.

10. The continuous extrusion method of copper profiles with ultra-large cross-sectional area according to claim 9, further comprising:

c, cooling, namely cooling the product formed in the step B;

and D, taking up the wire, and cutting the product cooled in the step C into finished products.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of continuous extrusion forming, in particular to a continuous extrusion method of a copper profile with an ultra-large sectional area.

Background

The continuous extrusion technology is a novel non-ferrous metal non-cutting special processing technology proposed in 1971, and the principle is that the friction force between a blank and an extrusion wheel is used as the driving force for metal deformation flow, and various ultra-long products can be extruded only by continuously feeding the blank into a feed inlet. Because the continuous extrusion technology overcomes the adverse effect caused by friction in the extrusion process, the energy consumption in the processing process is reduced, and meanwhile, the extruded product does not need to be heated and annealed, the processing technology is simplified and the cost is reduced; and no waste material is generated in the processing, the utilization rate of the material is extremely high, and the continuous extrusion technology breaks through the problem that the length of the extruded products of large-size pipes, rods and profiles is limited, so that the continuous extrusion technology is widely applied and continuously developed.

The existing continuous extrusion equipment generally comprises an extrusion wheel, a pressing wheel, a groove sealing block, a plug, an extrusion die and the like, wherein the extrusion wheel is provided with a groove for conveying blanks, and an inlet for feeding is formed between the groove and the pressing wheel; the groove sealing block and the extrusion wheel jointly form an extrusion channel for extruding the blank, and the extrusion wheel drives the blank to perform extrusion deformation in the extrusion channel to obtain a metal blank; the plug is positioned at the tail end of the extrusion channel and mainly used for closing the extrusion channel and changing the flow direction of the metal blank so that the metal blank enters the forming cavity through the inlet of the forming cavity in the extrusion die for forming. At present, products with common sizes can be smoothly extruded by several rolls of equipment to obtain high-quality products, but for products with partial oversize sizes, quality defects are easy to occur in the continuous extrusion process, and particularly, the phenomenon of insufficient filling at the edges of the products is serious.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a continuous extrusion method of a copper profile with an ultra-large cross section, which aims to solve the problem that the product is easy to have quality defects when the copper profile with the ultra-large cross section is formed by using a continuous extrusion technology in the prior art.

The applicant finds out through intensive research that when a product of a copper profile with an ultra-large sectional area is formed by using a continuous extrusion technology, the main reasons for the quality defects of the product are as follows: because the outlet of the extrusion die is large (the shape of the outlet of the extrusion die is the same as the section of the product, and for copper profiles with overlarge sectional areas, the outlet of the extrusion die is correspondingly large), the metal blank entering the forming cavity is not subjected to enough resistance from the baffle of the extrusion die, so that the metal blank is directly extruded out of a product under the condition that the expanding cavity is not completely filled in the expanding stage, the metal blank completes the forming step under the condition that the forming cavity is possibly not filled, and the edge of the product has quality defects of insufficient filling and the like. In order to solve the problem, the applicant designs various solutions, for example, a choking ring is arranged at an inlet of a forming cavity, the choking ring is used for choking the metal blank entering the forming cavity from an expansion cavity, but if the choking area of the choking ring is too small, the forming cavity can be completely filled, but the inlet is smaller than the section of the product, the extruded product cannot be filled at the edge of the forming cavity, and the quality of the extruded product still has defects; if the flow blocking area of the flow blocking ring is too large, the flow blocking effect cannot be achieved, and the forming cavity cannot be filled with metal blanks. After numerous attempts, the applicant finally conceived a solution to the above-mentioned problem, namely, to utilize the flow-resisting element to block the inlet of the forming cavity during the stage of filling the metal billet into the expansion cavity, and to take away the flow-resisting element after the metal billet is filled into the expansion cavity, so that the metal billet in the expansion cavity can be sufficiently filled into the forming cavity to obtain a good-quality product.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a continuous extrusion method of a copper section with an ultra-large sectional area comprises the following steps:

step A, a deformation stage, namely extruding and deforming the rod blank into a metal blank, and extruding the metal blank into an expansion cavity formed by a plug and an extrusion die;

step B, an extrusion stage, wherein the metal blank positioned in the expansion cavity in the step A is extruded into a forming cavity of an extrusion die for forming;

the entrance of the forming cavity is provided with a deformation flow blocking piece for temporarily preventing the metal blank in the expansion cavity from flowing to the forming cavity, and when the metal blank begins to enter the expansion cavity, the deformation flow blocking piece prevents the metal blank entering the expansion cavity from entering the forming cavity; when the expansion cavity is filled with metal blanks and the deformation flow blocking piece is extruded out of the extrusion die under the action of the metal blanks in the expansion cavity, the metal blanks in the expansion cavity enter the forming cavity to be formed into products.

The principle of the scheme is as follows: because of the extrusion friction action of the extrusion wheel, the rod blank is deformed by friction, the temperature of the metal blank is raised, when the metal blank enters the expansion cavity, the metal blank entering the expansion cavity at the initial stage cannot enter the forming cavity due to the blocking action of the deformation choke piece, the metal blank continuously transfers heat to the deformation choke piece along with the continuous entering of the metal blank in the expansion cavity, so that the deformation choke piece is gradually deformed and softened, the extrusion force of the metal blank in the expansion cavity on the deformation choke piece is larger and larger, after the metal blank is filled in the expansion cavity, the deformation choke piece is deformed and extruded out of the extrusion die through the inlet of the forming cavity under the action of the extrusion force of the metal blank in the expansion cavity, and because the deformation choke piece does not block the inlet of the forming cavity any more, the metal blank in the expansion cavity gradually enters the forming cavity through the inlet of the forming cavity to be formed at the moment, when the subsequent metal passes through the fully filled expansion cavity, the subsequent metal is subjected to the resistance of the deformation of the metal blank in the die and the forming cavity, so that the product can be stably extruded in the forming cavity.

The beneficial effect of this scheme lies in:

1. the method is suitable for high-quality continuous extrusion of copper profiles with ultra-large sectional areas: through setting up the deformation choked flow piece in this application, play the effect of blockking to metal blank when metal blank begins to enter into the extension chamber, and after metal blank fills up and is full of the extension chamber, the deformation choked flow piece is automatic outside being extruded extrusion die to make the metal blank in the extension chamber can be extruded to the shaping chamber steadily and carry out the shaping, fashioned goods high quality, defect are few.

2. Simple structure and convenient operation: utilize metal blank's in the extension chamber pressure and metal blank's high temperature state ingeniously in this application for metal blank is after filling the extension chamber, and the high temperature that utilizes metal blank makes the deformation choked flow piece soften gradually, and under metal blank's pressure effect, makes the deformation choked flow piece receive the pressure effect to extrusion die, thereby outside metal blank fills the automation and is extruded extrusion die after being full of the extension chamber, simple structure and effect are obvious.

3. Is beneficial to the initial molding in the molding cavity: in this application, when the deformation choked flow spare by extrusion die's in-process, the deformation choked flow spare has the resistance to the metal blank that initially gets into the shaping intracavity, under this resistance, can make the metal blank that enters into in the shaping chamber well fill the shaping chamber to obtain high-quality shaping goods.

Preferably, as a modification, the deformation stage in step a includes:

a1, biting, placing the rod blank between the extrusion wheel and the pressing wheel, driving the extrusion wheel to rotate, and enabling the rod pressing wheel to be matched with the extrusion wheel to drive the rod blank to be smoothly bitten;

a2, upsetting, which is used for enabling the rod blank to generate extrusion deformation in an extrusion channel formed by the extrusion wheel and the groove sealing block under the action of the rotating friction force of the extrusion wheel, and obtaining a metal blank;

and A3, expanding, namely extruding the metal blank obtained in the upsetting step into an expansion cavity formed by the plug and the extrusion die for expanding and filling.

In the scheme, the rod blank gradually enters the extrusion channel through the biting procedure, and is extruded and deformed in the extrusion channel to form the metal blank under the action of the friction force of the extrusion wheel.

Preferably, as an improvement, an entrance taper surface is formed at an entrance of a forming cavity of the extrusion die, and the deformation choke piece comprises a metal choke block detachably connected to the entrance taper surface.

In this scheme, utilize entry tapering face, can conveniently install the metal choked flow piece, can also provide the drainage to the metal blank entering one-tenth die cavity of extension intracavity, simple structure and simple to operate.

Preferably, as an improvement, the metal choke block is provided with a matching inclined surface matching with the inlet taper surface at the end surface close to the extrusion die and at the edge of the side wall of the metal choke block.

In this scheme, utilize the cooperation on entry tapering face and cooperation inclined plane, after the copper choked flow piece softens the deformation, be favorable to the copper choked flow piece to enter into the die cavity smoothly and be extruded outside the extrusion die.

Preferably, as a refinement, the metallic choke block comprises a copper choke block.

In this scheme, the choked flow piece of copper of preferred copper material, the choked flow piece of copper has good heat conduction effect and deformability, and the metal blank contact back in the choked flow piece extension chamber of copper can receive metal blank's heat fast and soften fast to realize in this application automatic by the effect outside the extrusion die.

Preferably, as an improvement, the cross-sectional area of the copper flow choking block is 1.05-1.15 times of that of the product, and the width-thickness ratio of the copper flow choking block is equal to that of the product.

In the scheme, the copper flow choking block is set to be in a state equal to the width-thickness ratio of a product, so that the copper flow choking block is similar to the shape of the product, and the copper flow choking block can be extruded out of an extrusion die more easily when the copper flow choking block is placed in a fixed groove; meanwhile, in the scheme, when the cross section area of the copper flow choking block is 1.05-1.15 times of the cross section area of the product, the test result shows that the copper flow choking block can play a good flow choking effect in the initial stage and can be conveniently extruded out of the extrusion die in the subsequent extrusion.

Preferably, as a modification, before the deformation phase of step a, a preheated bar stock is placed between the extrusion wheel and the pressing wheel, the preheating temperature of the bar stock being 500 ℃.

In this scheme, through place the pole blank that preheats between extrusion wheel and the pushing wheel, not only can make the pole blank produce the extrusion force that warp in the extrusion passageway and reduce, make things convenient for metal deformation, still help extrusion passageway and extension chamber to heat up in the extrusion initial stage, be favorable to metal blank to fill up extension chamber and shaping chamber fast to obtain high-quality goods fast.

Preferably, as an improvement, the extrusion die is connected with a choke ring, and the copper choke block is located between the choke ring and the extrusion die.

Compared with the method only using the copper flow choking block, the method has the advantages that the flow choking ring can be additionally arranged on a product with a larger cross-sectional area and width-thickness ratio, the metal blank entering the forming cavity can be subjected to flow choking effect by the flow choking ring, and the forming cavity is further filled with the metal blank.

Preferably, as a modification, before the copper bluff piece is extruded out of the extrusion die, the rotation speed of the extrusion wheel in step a1 is less than the rotation speed of the extrusion wheel after the copper bluff piece is extruded out of the extrusion die.

In this scheme, at initial continuous extrusion stage, the rotational speed of extrusion wheel is lower to the pole blank can extrude deformation fully, and after the extrusion is in stable stage, because extrusion die can realize extrusion product steadily, promote the rotational speed of extrusion wheel this moment, thereby promote extrusion speed and obtain the product high-speed steadily.

Preferably, as an improvement, the method further comprises:

c, cooling, namely cooling the product formed in the step B;

and D, taking up the wire, and cutting the product cooled in the step C into finished products.

In this case, the product is cooled and cut to obtain a complete product.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a continuous extrusion apparatus in a method for continuously extruding a copper profile having an ultra-large cross-sectional area according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion along the same line as a in fig. 1 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the extrusion device comprises an extrusion wheel 1, a pressing wheel 2, a groove sealing block 3, a plug 4, an extrusion die 5, an extrusion channel 6, an expansion cavity 7, a forming cavity 8, a copper flow blocking block 9, an inlet taper surface 10, a matching inclined surface 11 and a flow blocking ring 12.

Example one

An embodiment substantially as shown in figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings: a continuous extrusion method of a copper profile with an oversized cross section comprises continuous extrusion equipment for realizing continuous extrusion of the copper profile, wherein in the embodiment, the continuous extrusion equipment comprises an extrusion wheel 1, a pressing wheel 2, a groove sealing block 3, a plug 4 and an extrusion die 5, the extrusion wheel 1 is a driving wheel with a groove, the extrusion wheel 1 is connected with a driving motor, and the driving motor can drive the extrusion wheel 1 to rotate; the pressing wheel 2 is positioned above the extrusion wheel 1, a feeding gap is arranged between the pressing wheel 2 and the extrusion wheel 1, the groove sealing block 3 is an arched solid module, and the groove sealing block 3 and the extrusion wheel 1 jointly enclose an extrusion channel 6; the plug 4 is positioned at the tail end of the extrusion channel 6, the extrusion die 5 is positioned at the right side of the extrusion wheel 1, and the plug 4, the extrusion wheel 1 and the extrusion die 5 enclose an expansion cavity 7.

A forming cavity 8 communicated with the expanding cavity 7 is arranged in the extrusion die 5, a fixing groove is formed at the inlet of the forming cavity 8, and a deformation flow blocking piece is arranged in the fixing groove, in the embodiment, the deformation flow blocking piece comprises a copper flow blocking block 9 with the width-thickness ratio equal to that of a product, and the cross section area of the copper flow blocking block 9 is 1.1 times that of the product; meanwhile, an inlet taper surface 10 is arranged at the inlet of the forming cavity 8, and a matching inclined surface 11 attached to the inlet taper surface 10 is arranged on the edge between the right end surface and the side wall of the copper choke block 9.

The method for continuously extruding the copper section with the overlarge cross section comprises the following steps:

step A, a deformation stage, which specifically comprises the following steps:

a1, biting, namely placing the rod blank in a feeding gap between an extrusion wheel 1 and a pressing wheel 2, driving the extrusion wheel 1 to rotate clockwise by using a driving motor, enabling the rod pressing wheel 2 to be matched with the extrusion wheel 1 to drive the rod blank to be smoothly bitten, and enabling the rod blank to continuously enter the feeding gap rightwards under the action of friction force of the extrusion wheel 1 to realize continuous feeding;

a2, upsetting, wherein under the action of rotating friction force of an extrusion wheel 1, rod blanks are extruded and deformed in an extrusion channel 6 to obtain metal blanks, and before the step, in order to enable the rod blanks to be extruded and deformed more easily and quickly, 5-10 preheated copper rods which are preheated to 500 ℃ in advance are placed in a loose feeding gap before continuous feeding in the step A1;

a3, expanding, wherein the metal blank in the step A2 enters the expanding cavity 7 to be expanded and filled along with the continuous friction extrusion of the extrusion wheel 1 on the rod blank, and at the moment, the copper flow choking block 9 plays a flow choking role on the inlet of the forming cavity 8, so that the metal blank in the expanding cavity 7 cannot enter the forming cavity 8 to form a product;

step B, an extrusion stage, namely, in the step A3, increasing the metal blanks in the expansion cavity 7 continuously to increase the extrusion force of the metal blanks on the copper bluff block 9, simultaneously transferring heat to the copper bluff block 9 by the metal blanks in the expansion cavity 7 to ensure that the temperature of the copper bluff block 9 is continuously increased and gradually softened, when the expansion cavity 7 is filled with the metal blanks, the copper bluff block 9 deforms under the action of the metal blanks in the expansion cavity 7 and is extruded into the forming cavity 8 and is gradually extruded out of the forming cavity 8, after the copper bluff block 9 is extruded into the forming cavity 8, the metal blanks in the expansion cavity 7 enter the forming cavity 8 through the inlet of the forming cavity 8, and the metal blanks entering the forming cavity 8 are completely filled into the forming cavity 8 to form a product;

c, cooling, namely cooling the product formed in the step B;

and D, taking up the wire, and cutting the product cooled in the step C to obtain a finished product.

In order to increase the speed of continuous extrusion, the speed of the extrusion wheel 1 is slightly lower when the metal billet gradually enters the expanding cavity 7 and when the metal billet begins to gradually enter the forming cavity 8, and after the product is continuously and stably extruded out of the extrusion die 5, the rotating speed of the extrusion wheel 1 can be appropriately increased, so that stable continuous extrusion is realized. Meanwhile, the continuous extrusion forming of the copper profile with the ultra-large cross section is only taken as an example in the embodiment, and the extrusion method in the embodiment is also suitable for the continuous extrusion forming of other metal products with the ultra-large cross section, and the method and the device fall into the protection scope of the invention.

Example two

The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that: as shown in fig. 3, for a product with a large cross-sectional area and a large width-to-thickness ratio, in order to enable the metal blank in the expansion cavity 7 to stably and uniformly flow into the forming cavity 8 for forming, in this embodiment, a choke ring 12 is installed at an inlet of the forming cavity 8 of the extrusion die 5, the copper choke block 9 is located between the extrusion die 5 and the choke ring 12, and the choke ring 12 is utilized to achieve an auxiliary choke effect, so as to improve the forming quality.

The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge in the art of designing and/or characterizing particular aspects and/or features is not described in any greater detail herein. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.