阅读说明：本技术 一种连续碳纤维fdm 3d打印成型方法 (Continuous carbon fiber FDM 3D printing forming method ) 是由 秦敬伟 邱金勇 于 2020-12-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种连续碳纤维FDM 3D打印成型方法,该3D打印成型方法包括以下步骤：将连续碳纤维长丝增强材料和热塑性塑料长丝基础材料分别卷绕在可旋转线盘上；将两种线盘放置于普通鼓风干燥箱进行烘干；将FDM打印系统的成型室、打印平台以及挤出机的融化腔和喷嘴进行加热；将连续碳纤维长丝增强材料和热塑性塑料长丝基础材料分别按照程序设定送至打印系统进行打印成型。该一种连续碳纤维FDM 3D打印成型方法,结合连续碳纤维增强聚合物复合材料打印的复杂形状零部件,其具有出色的耐高温和抗化学性能,能够制造轻质高强的3D打印碳纤维复合材料零部件,为我国在在高性能复杂结构件的成型工艺方面提供一套具有参考意义的工艺技术。(The invention discloses a 3D printing and forming method for continuous carbon fiber FDM, which comprises the following steps of: respectively winding the continuous carbon fiber filament reinforced material and the thermoplastic plastic filament base material on a rotatable wire coil; placing the two wire coils in a common blast drying oven for drying; heating a forming chamber and a printing platform of the FDM printing system and a melting cavity and a nozzle of the extruder; and respectively sending the continuous carbon fiber filament reinforced material and the thermoplastic plastic filament base material to a printing system according to the program setting for printing and molding. According to the continuous carbon fiber FDM 3D printing forming method, parts with complex shapes printed by the continuous carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite material are combined, the parts have excellent high temperature resistance and chemical resistance, the parts with light weight and high strength of the 3D printed carbon fiber composite material can be manufactured, and a set of process technology with reference significance in the aspect of a forming process of high-performance complex structural parts is provided for China.)

1. The continuous carbon fiber FDM 3D printing forming method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the 3D printing forming method comprises the following steps:

respectively winding a continuous carbon fiber filament reinforced material and a thermoplastic plastic filament base material on a rotatable wire coil;

secondly, placing the two wire coils in a common air-blast drying oven for drying;

heating a forming chamber, a printing platform and a melting cavity and a nozzle of the extruder of the FDM printing system;

putting the two dried wire coils into a material box of an FDM printing system for further drying;

step five, inserting the continuous carbon fiber filament thread end and the plastic filament thread end into a fiber feeder and a plastic feeder respectively, and feeding materials by downward friction through two rollers which rotate oppositely of the feeder, as shown in figure 1;

sixthly, installing a wire shearing device at a fiber filament inlet above the extruder in the vertical direction, wherein the wire shearing device is used for shearing continuous carbon fiber filaments;

step seven, preparing a melting cavity with special specification at the central position in the extruder for containing molten plastics;

step eight, mounting a heating block in the melting cavity of the extruder for heating the whole melting cavity and the nozzle;

step nine, mounting an ultrasonic vibrator in the melting cavity of the extruder for stirring the molten plastic in the melting cavity;

tenthly, enabling the continuous carbon fiber filaments to vertically downwards pass through an inlet, a channel, a melting cavity, a channel and an outlet of the extruder, and then sending out the continuous carbon fiber filaments through a nozzle;

step eleven, enabling the plastic filaments to enter a melting cavity through a channel on the side wall of the extruder, heating, melting and coating the plastic filaments on the surface of the continuous carbon fiber filaments in the melting cavity, sending the plastic filaments and the continuous carbon fiber filaments together through a nozzle, and printing layer by layer to finally obtain the thermoplastic plastic coated continuous carbon fiber filament composite material 3D printing part.

2. The continuous carbon fiber FDM 3D printing and forming method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the first step, the continuous carbon fiber filament reinforced material is a thermoplastic plastic coated continuous carbon fiber filament composite material.

3. The continuous carbon fiber FDM 3D printing and forming method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the second step, the drying temperature is 60-120 ℃, and the drying time is 4-8 hours.

4. The continuous carbon fiber FDM 3D printing and forming method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the third step, the heating temperature of the forming chamber is stepless adjustable at 0-150 ℃, the temperature of the printing platform is stepless adjustable at 0-200 ℃, and the temperature of the melting cavity and the nozzle of the extruder is stepless adjustable at 0-500 ℃.

5. The continuous carbon fiber FDM 3D printing and forming method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the fourth step, the material box is a sealed material box, the sealed material box is connected with the forming chamber, the drying temperature is 0-150 ℃, and the drying time is continuous drying.

6. The continuous carbon fiber FDM 3D printing and forming method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and fifthly, the roller of the fiber feeder is made of stainless steel, the surface of the roller is sprayed with a tungsten carbide hardened wear-resistant coating, and the plastic feeder is made of stainless steel.

7. The continuous carbon fiber FDM 3D printing and forming method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the sixth step, the thread trimmer is a full-automatic intelligent thread trimmer.

8. The continuous carbon fiber FDM 3D printing and forming method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and seventhly, the specification of the melting cavity is a large-size melting cavity, and the specification is more than or equal to phi 100 x 200 mm.

9. The continuous carbon fiber FDM 3D printing and forming method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and step nine, the ultrasonic vibrator is a small-size high-power ultrasonic and vibration integrated machine.

10. The continuous carbon fiber FDM 3D printing and forming method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the eleventh step, the nozzle is made of stainless steel, and the surface of the channel inside the nozzle is reinforced by a PVD titanium carbonitride hardened wear-resistant coating.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing and fuse Forming (FDM)3D printing carbon fiber composite materials, in particular to a continuous carbon fiber FDM 3D printing forming method.

Background

The carbon fiber is a fiber material with carbon content of more than 90 percent and has the properties of high strength, high specific modulus, low density, high temperature resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, low resistance, high heat conductivity, radiation resistance, excellent damping, shock absorption, noise reduction and the like; thermoplastic resins have good corrosion resistance, fracture toughness, damage tolerance and impact resistance, and are low in density. The carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material taking the carbon fiber as the reinforcement and the thermoplastic resin as the matrix has the characteristics of light weight, high strength, member weight reduction, member efficiency improvement, member reliability improvement, member service life extension and the like, and has the advantages which cannot be compared with metal materials. At present, the traditional forming preparation process of the high-performance composite material has wide applicability and higher maturity, but has high production cost and low efficiency. And is insufficient for complex structures and small-scale customized product manufacturing. However, 3D printing is an intelligent manufacturing technology based on the internet of things, and 3D printing can be used for rapidly developing and manufacturing configurations in any shapes, so that the method has the advantage of being unique in manufacturing of a spatial three-dimensional model, and has great inherent advantage in the aspect of customized small-batch production. Therefore, by the adoption of the continuous carbon fiber FDM 3D printing forming technology, the parts with the complex shapes printed by combining the continuous carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite material have excellent high temperature resistance and chemical resistance, and the parts with the light weight and high strength of the 3D printed carbon fiber composite material can be manufactured.

Compared with the developed countries, the research of China on the aspect of the forming process of the high-performance complex structural part has a small gap, particularly in the high-precision fields of aerospace, weapon manufacturing and the like, the preparation technology of the carbon fiber composite structural part still stays on the traditional forming process, and the method is also an important reason for restricting the development of the high-performance carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material in China;

therefore, a continuous carbon fiber FDM 3D printing and forming method is provided.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a continuous carbon fiber FDM 3D printing and forming method, wherein the 3D printing and forming method comprises the following steps:

respectively winding a continuous carbon fiber filament reinforced material and a thermoplastic plastic filament base material on a rotatable wire coil;

secondly, placing the two wire coils in a common air-blast drying oven for drying;

heating a forming chamber, a printing platform and a melting cavity and a nozzle of the extruder of the FDM printing system;

putting the two dried wire coils into a material box of an FDM printing system for further drying;

step five, inserting the continuous carbon fiber filament thread end and the plastic filament thread end into a fiber feeder and a plastic feeder respectively, and feeding materials by downward friction through two rollers which rotate oppositely of the feeder, as shown in figure 1;

sixthly, installing a wire shearing device at a fiber filament inlet above the extruder in the vertical direction, wherein the wire shearing device is used for shearing continuous carbon fiber filaments;

step seven, preparing a melting cavity with special specification at the central position in the extruder for containing molten plastics;

step eight, mounting a heating block in the melting cavity of the extruder for heating the whole melting cavity and the nozzle;

step nine, mounting an ultrasonic vibrator in the melting cavity of the extruder for stirring the molten plastic in the melting cavity;

tenthly, enabling the continuous carbon fiber filaments to vertically downwards pass through an inlet, a channel, a melting cavity, a channel and an outlet of the extruder, and then sending out the continuous carbon fiber filaments through a nozzle;

step eleven, enabling the plastic filaments to enter a melting cavity through a channel on the side wall of the extruder, heating, melting and coating the plastic filaments on the surface of the continuous carbon fiber filaments in the melting cavity, sending the plastic filaments and the continuous carbon fiber filaments together through a nozzle, and printing layer by layer to finally obtain the thermoplastic plastic coated continuous carbon fiber filament composite material 3D printing part.

Preferably, in the step one, the continuous carbon fiber filament reinforced material is a thermoplastic plastic coated continuous carbon fiber filament composite material.

Preferably, the drying temperature is 60-120 ℃, and the drying time is 4-8 hours.

Preferably, the heating temperature of the forming chamber is stepless adjustable at 0-150 ℃, the temperature of the printing platform is stepless adjustable at 0-200 ℃, and the temperatures of a melting cavity and a nozzle of the extruder are stepless adjustable at 0-500 ℃.

Preferably, the material box is a sealed material box, the sealed material box is connected with the forming chamber, the drying temperature is 0-150 ℃, and the drying time is continuous drying.

Preferably, the roller of the fiber feeder is made of stainless steel, the surface of the roller is sprayed with a tungsten carbide hardened wear-resistant coating, and the plastic feeder is made of stainless steel.

Preferably, the thread trimmer is a full-automatic intelligent thread trimmer.

Preferably, the specification of the melting cavity is a large-size melting cavity, and the specification is more than or equal to phi 100 and 200 mm.

Preferably, the ultrasonic vibrator is a small-size high-power ultrasonic and vibration integrated machine.

Preferably, in the tenth step, the inlet, the channel, the melting chamber, the channel, the outlet and the nozzle are kept on the same vertical line, in the eleventh step, the nozzle is made of stainless steel, and the surface of the channel inside the nozzle is reinforced by the PVD titanium carbonitride hardened wear-resistant coating.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the continuous carbon fiber FDM 3D printing forming method, the parts with the complex shapes printed by combining the continuous carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite material have excellent high temperature resistance and chemical resistance, the parts with the light weight and high strength of the 3D printed carbon fiber composite material can be manufactured, and a set of process technology with reference significance in the aspect of a forming process of a high-performance complex structural part is provided for China.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of continuous carbon fiber FDM 3D printing molding of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, the invention discloses a continuous carbon fiber FDM 3D printing and forming method, and the 3D printing and forming method includes the following steps:

respectively winding a continuous carbon fiber filament reinforced material and a thermoplastic plastic filament base material on a rotatable wire coil;

secondly, placing the two wire coils in a common air-blast drying oven for drying;

heating a forming chamber, a printing platform and a melting cavity and a nozzle of the extruder of the FDM printing system;

putting the two dried wire coils into a material box of an FDM printing system for further drying;

step five, inserting the continuous carbon fiber filament thread end and the plastic filament thread end into a fiber feeder and a plastic feeder respectively, and feeding materials by downward friction through two rollers which rotate oppositely of the feeder, as shown in figure 1;

sixthly, installing a wire shearing device at a fiber filament inlet above the extruder in the vertical direction, wherein the wire shearing device is used for shearing continuous carbon fiber filaments;

step seven, preparing a melting cavity with special specification at the central position in the extruder for containing molten plastics;

step eight, mounting a heating block in the melting cavity of the extruder for heating the whole melting cavity and the nozzle;

step nine, mounting an ultrasonic vibrator in the melting cavity of the extruder for stirring the molten plastic in the melting cavity;

tenthly, enabling the continuous carbon fiber filaments to vertically downwards pass through an inlet, a channel, a melting cavity, a channel and an outlet of the extruder, and then sending out the continuous carbon fiber filaments through a nozzle;

step eleven, enabling the plastic filaments to enter a melting cavity through a channel on the side wall of the extruder, heating, melting and coating the plastic filaments on the surface of the continuous carbon fiber filaments in the melting cavity, sending the plastic filaments and the continuous carbon fiber filaments together through a nozzle, and printing layer by layer to finally obtain the thermoplastic plastic coated continuous carbon fiber filament composite material 3D printing part.

The continuous carbon fiber filament reinforced material is a thermoplastic plastic coated continuous carbon fiber filament composite material.

The drying temperature is 60-120 ℃, and the drying time is 4-8 hours.

The heating temperature of the forming chamber is stepless adjustable at 0-150 ℃, the temperature of the printing platform is stepless adjustable at 0-200 ℃, and the temperatures of a melting cavity and a nozzle of the extruder are stepless adjustable at 0-500 ℃.

The material box is a sealed material box and is connected with the forming chamber, the drying temperature is 0-150 ℃, and the drying time is continuous drying.

The roller of the fiber feeder is made of stainless steel, the surface of the roller is sprayed with a tungsten carbide hardened wear-resistant coating, and the plastic feeder is made of stainless steel.

The thread trimmer is a full-automatic intelligent thread trimmer.

The specification of the melting cavity is a large-size melting cavity, and the specification is more than or equal to phi 100 x 200 mm.

The ultrasonic vibrator is a small-size high-power ultrasonic and vibration integrated machine.

In the eleventh step, the nozzle is made of stainless steel, and the surface of the channel inside the nozzle is reinforced by a PVD titanium carbonitride hardened wear-resistant coating.

It should be noted that, when the continuous carbon fiber FDM 3D printing forming technology is adopted, firstly, the continuous carbon fiber filament reinforced material and the thermoplastic plastic filament base material are respectively wound on a rotatable wire coil; placing the two wire coils in a common blast drying oven for drying; heating a forming chamber, a printing platform and a melting cavity and a nozzle of an extruder of the FDM printing system; putting the two dried wire coils into a material box of an FDM printing system for further drying; inserting the continuous carbon fiber filament thread end and the plastic filament thread end into a fiber feeder and a plastic feeder respectively, and feeding materials by downward friction through two rollers which rotate oppositely of the feeders, as shown in figure 1; a thread cutter is arranged at a fiber filament inlet above the extruder in the vertical direction and is used for cutting off continuous carbon fiber filaments; a melting cavity with special specification is arranged at the central position in the extruder and is used for containing molten plastics; a heating block is arranged in a melting cavity of the extruder and used for heating the whole melting cavity and the nozzle; an ultrasonic vibrator is arranged in a melting cavity of the extruder and is used for stirring molten plastic in the melting cavity; the continuous carbon fiber filaments vertically downwards pass through an inlet, a channel, a melting cavity, a channel and an outlet of the extruder and are sent out through a nozzle; and the plastic filaments enter the melting cavity through a channel on the side wall of the extruder, are heated and melted and coated on the surface of the continuous carbon fiber filaments in the melting cavity, are sent out together with the continuous carbon fiber filaments through the nozzle and are printed layer by layer, and finally, the composite material 3D printing part of the thermoplastic plastic coated continuous carbon fiber filaments can be obtained.

The technology combines the parts with complex shapes printed by the continuous carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite material, has excellent high temperature resistance and chemical resistance, can manufacture the parts with light weight and high strength, and provides a set of process technology with reference significance for China in the aspect of the forming process of high-performance complex structural parts.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.