阅读说明：本技术 一种养猪废弃物处理及综合利用的方法 (Method for treating and comprehensively utilizing pig raising wastes ) 是由 李双志 王文昭 于 2020-12-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种养猪废弃物处理及综合利用的方法,包括下述步骤：取含粪、尿和污水的养猪废弃物,加入高温厌氧罐中,温度控制50-55℃,经过15-30天的充分反应；从高温厌氧罐输出的混合物进入沉淀池进行固液分离；从沉淀池分离出的液体进入接种池,接种池内接入Bacillus菌,进行接种混合；再排入生化池进行生化处理；生化后污水进入MBR膜池,采用MBR膜进行泥水分离,出水可达标排放或调配液肥回用于蔬菜、农业、绿化灌溉。本发明采用粪尿完全混合高温厌氧发酵,碳氮比更加均衡、处理效率更高；生化工艺适应性更强,可忍耐养殖废水中高氨氮、高盐等恶劣环境。(The invention discloses a method for treating and comprehensively utilizing pig raising wastes, which comprises the following steps: adding pig raising waste containing feces, urine and sewage into a high-temperature anaerobic tank, controlling the temperature to be 50-55 ℃, and fully reacting for 15-30 days; the mixture output from the high-temperature anaerobic tank enters a sedimentation tank for solid-liquid separation; liquid separated from the sedimentation tank enters an inoculation tank, and Bacillus bacteria are inoculated into the inoculation tank for inoculation and mixing; then discharging the wastewater into a biochemical tank for biochemical treatment; and (3) after the biochemical treatment, the sewage enters an MBR membrane tank, sludge and water are separated by adopting an MBR membrane, and the effluent can be discharged up to the standard or liquid fertilizer is prepared for reuse in vegetable, agriculture and greening irrigation. The invention adopts the excrement and urine to be completely mixed and fermented at high temperature in an anaerobic way, so that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is more balanced and the treatment efficiency is higher; the biochemical process has stronger adaptability and can endure the severe environments of high ammonia nitrogen, high salt and the like in the culture wastewater.)

1. A method for treating and comprehensively utilizing pig raising wastes is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) adding pig raising waste containing feces, urine and sewage into a high-temperature anaerobic tank, controlling the temperature to be 50-55 ℃, and fully reacting for 15-30 days;

(2) the mixture output from the high-temperature anaerobic tank enters a sedimentation tank for solid-liquid separation;

(3) liquid separated from the sedimentation tank enters an inoculation tank, Bacillus bacteria are inoculated into the inoculation tank for inoculation and mixing, and the inoculation tank is used for activating the Bacillus bacteria, maintaining the activity of the bacteria and providing a breeding place;

(4) discharging into a biochemical tank for biochemical treatment, wherein the dissolved oxygen in the biochemical tank is 0.5-1.0mg/L, the retention time is 16-20h, the aeration time is 1h, the aeration time is 3h, and the pH value is 7.0-8.0;

(5) and (3) the biochemical sewage enters an MBR membrane tank, sludge-water separation is carried out by adopting an MBR membrane, and the effluent can be discharged up to the standard or liquid fertilizer is prepared for reuse in vegetable, agricultural and greening irrigation.

2. The method for treating and comprehensively utilizing the pig raising wastes according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (2) converting organic matters into methane by anaerobic microorganisms in the high-temperature anaerobic reactor in the step (1), introducing the produced methane into a methane storage tank for storage, and using heat generated in the high-temperature anaerobic tank for power generation of a generator.

3. The method for treating and comprehensively utilizing the pig raising wastes according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (3) the sludge separated in the step (2) is inorganic residue rich in nitrogen and phosphorus, enters a sludge concentration tank for concentration, is dehydrated by a filter press, and is used as a raw material for producing the solid organic fertilizer after being subjected to nutrient blending.

4. The method for treating and comprehensively utilizing the pig raising wastes according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the Bacillus bacteria is one or more of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus natto.

5. The method for treating and comprehensively utilizing the pig raising wastes according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and the inoculation tank is filled with a PPC aerobic biological carrier.

6. The method for treating and comprehensively utilizing the pig raising wastes according to claim 3, characterized by comprising the following steps: and (5) the sludge separated from the MBR membrane tank enters a sludge concentration tank.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a method for treating and comprehensively utilizing pig raising wastes.

Background

In recent years, due to the rapid development of economy in China, the consumption of pork is increased year by year, so that the quantity of live pigs in the farm is large in China at present, and the pig raising wastewater is typical wastewater containing high COD, ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus. The amount of the produced pig raising wastewater is also great, the eutrophication of the surrounding water body is aggravated, the natural production capacity of the soil is also seriously influenced, and the original natural ecological environment is destroyed.

The pig manure is complex in components, contains protein, fat, organic acid, cellulose, hemicellulose and inorganic salt, and has the water content of 81.5%, organic matter of 15.0%, nitrogen of 0.5-0.6%, phosphorus of 0.45-0.5%, potassium of 0.35-0.45% and other 2.05%; the urine has simple components, contains urea, uric acid, hippuric acid, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, magnesium and other elements, and has the water content of 97%, urea 1.8%, uric acid 0.05%, inorganic salt 1.1% and other 0.05%. Therefore, carbon sources in the wastes mainly come from excrement, the excrement has a balanced C to N to P ratio and is easy to carry out biochemical reaction, and urine has a seriously unbalanced C to N to P ratio and cannot carry out biochemical reaction.

Because the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the pig raising wastewater is high and far exceeds the normal carbon nitrogen ratio, the growth of microorganisms is seriously inhibited. At present, biological denitrification technologies mainly comprise activated sludge methods such as A/O, A2/O, SBR and oxidation ditches, and although the biological treatment methods can well remove ammonia nitrogen in wastewater, the biological treatment methods are extremely sensitive to factors such as ammonia nitrogen concentration in the wastewater, ammonia nitrogen impact load, toxic substances in the wastewater, water temperature and carbon source, once external conditions are greatly changed, a wastewater treatment system is seriously influenced, and further the ammonia nitrogen removal effect and the stable operation of the wastewater treatment system are influenced, the operation and maintenance difficulty is high, and the treatment effect is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for treating and comprehensively utilizing pig raising wastes, which solves the problem that the existing pig raising waste treatment is easily influenced by external conditions.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a method for treating and comprehensively utilizing pig raising wastes comprises the following steps:

(1) adding pig raising waste containing feces, urine and sewage into a high-temperature anaerobic tank, controlling the temperature to be 50-55 ℃, and fully reacting for 15-30 days;

(2) the mixture output from the high-temperature anaerobic tank enters a sedimentation tank for solid-liquid separation;

(3) liquid separated from the sedimentation tank enters an inoculation tank, Bacillus bacteria are inoculated into the inoculation tank for inoculation and mixing, and the inoculation tank is used for activating the Bacillus bacteria, maintaining the activity of the bacteria and providing a breeding place;

(4) discharging into a biochemical tank for biochemical treatment, wherein the dissolved oxygen in the biochemical tank is 0.5-1.0mg/L, the retention time is 16-20h, the aeration time is 1h, the aeration time is 3h, and the pH value is 7.0-8.0;

(5) and (3) after the biochemical treatment, the sewage enters an MBR membrane tank, sludge and water are separated by adopting an MBR membrane, and the effluent can be discharged up to the standard or liquid fertilizer is prepared for reuse in vegetable, agriculture and greening irrigation.

Preferably, anaerobic microorganisms in the high-temperature anaerobic reactor in the step (1) convert organic matters into biogas, the biogas is generated and is introduced into a biogas storage tank for storage, and heat generated in the high-temperature anaerobic tank is used for generating power by a generator.

Preferably, the sludge separated in the step (2) is inorganic residue rich in nitrogen and phosphorus, enters a sludge concentration tank for concentration, is dehydrated by a filter press, and is used as a raw material for producing the solid organic fertilizer after being subjected to nutrient blending.

Wherein, preferably, the Bacillus is one or more of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus natto.

Wherein, preferably, the inoculation pond is filled with PPC aerobic biological carriers.

Wherein, preferably, the sludge separated from the MBR membrane tank in the step (5) enters a sludge concentration tank.

Advantageous effects

The invention provides a melamine foam for oil-water separation, which has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

1. the invention adopts the excrement and urine to be completely mixed and fermented at high temperature in an anaerobic way, so that the carbon-nitrogen ratio is more balanced and the treatment efficiency is higher;

(2) the biochemical process has stronger adaptability and can endure severe environments such as high ammonia nitrogen, high salt and the like in the culture wastewater;

(3) the Bacillus has a thick multilayer structure with low water content, so that the Bacillus has strong resistance to external harmful factors and strong adaptability to ammonia nitrogen, antibiotics and bactericides in wastewater; in addition, the nitrogen and phosphorus removal mechanism of Bacillus (Bacillus) is different from that of nitrifying bacteria of general nitration reaction, mainly fixes nitrogen and phosphorus in a cell body, and discharges the nitrogen and phosphorus in a sludge discharge mode, so that the nitrogen and phosphorus content in the sludge is higher, and the high-quality organic fertilizer can be prepared.

(4) The Bacillus bacteria have the deodorizing and sterilizing capability, so that deodorizing and sterilizing units are reduced, and the energy is saved and the environment is protected.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other embodiments can be obtained by using the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the method for treating and comprehensively utilizing pig raising wastes.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

The embodiment provides a method for treating and comprehensively utilizing pig raising wastes, which comprises the following steps:

(1) taking pig raising waste containing feces, urine and sewage, adding into high temperature anaerobic jar to prevent reactionThe solid in the reactor is agglomerated and precipitated, the temperature is controlled at 50-55 ℃, and the full reaction is carried out for 25 days; the pig raising waste is not subjected to solid-liquid separation, and directly enters the high-temperature anaerobic reactor after being completely mixed, so that a large amount of organic substances in excrement are fully utilized, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of biochemical reaction is balanced, and the biodegradability of the mixture is improved. The COD load of the reactor can be as high as 30-50 kgCOD/(m)³D), the COD removal rate can reach more than 90%, the gas is collected by a three-phase separator, a large amount of biogas is used for biological power generation, the power generation waste heat can be used for heating the anaerobic reactor, about 30% of heat is converted into electric energy according to experimental data, 70% of waste heat is used for heating the anaerobic tank, and the economic benefit is very considerable.

(2) The mixture output from the high-temperature anaerobic tank enters a sedimentation tank for solid-liquid separation;

(3) liquid separated from the sedimentation tank enters an inoculation tank, Bacillus bacteria are inoculated into the inoculation tank for inoculation and mixing, and the inoculation tank is used for activating the Bacillus bacteria, maintaining the activity of the bacteria and providing a breeding place; under aerobic conditions, Bacillus bacteria are attached to a biological carrier and quickly grow and propagate, and only 30 minutes are needed for germination, Bacillus growth, endospore formation, disintegration germination and propagation, so that spores are supplemented to the OBBR biochemical pool.

(4) Discharging the wastewater into a biochemical tank for biochemical treatment, wherein the dissolved oxygen in the biochemical tank is 0.8mg/L, the retention time is 18h, the aeration time is 1h, the aeration time is 3h, and the pH value is 7.5; the biochemical process is a method for efficiently removing organic matters, nitrogen and phosphorus by using Bacillus as a systematic dominant bacterium. In the biochemical pool, the Bacillus is ensured to be in an advantageous position, and the capability of efficiently removing organic matters, phosphorus and nitrogen is exerted to the maximum extent. Bacillus bacteria have super strong reproductive capacity, have adaptability in extremely severe extreme environments such as low temperature, high salinity, high organic matter concentration, high ammonia nitrogen concentration and the like, have strong water decomposition capacity, can decompose substances such as protein, lipid, fatty acid, nucleic acid and the like which are difficult to decompose, can absorb substances after being converted, proliferated and decomposed, can greatly improve the treatment efficiency by decomposing the substances which are difficult to decompose, and can make effluent meet the first-level B standard of pollutant discharge Standard of urban and urban wastewater treatment plant (GB 18918-2002). Different from the traditional nitrification and denitrification principles, the Bacillus bacteria directly absorb amine (organic nitrogen), ammonia nitrogen and ammonium salt for microorganisms to utilize, so as to denitrify, part of nitrogen elements enter sludge in the form of organic nitrogen, and are removed from a system through the discharge of residual sludge, and part of nitrogen elements are converted into nitrogen gas to be discharged into air; phosphate enters the cell wall of Bacillus in the form of teichoic acid and is finally dephosphorized from the system by the discharge of excess sludge. Because Bacillus bacteria have deodorizing capability, additional deodorizing treatment is not needed in the biochemical process section and the sludge treatment section; meanwhile, as the Bacillus bacteria have self-disinfection capability, the indexes such as colibacillus in the sludge generated by the system can easily meet the requirement of sludge disinfection, and better conditions are created for final treatment (resource utilization) of water and solid waste.

(5) And (3) after biochemical treatment, feeding the sewage into an MBR membrane tank, performing sludge-water separation by adopting an MBR membrane, recycling the effluent prepared liquid fertilizer for vegetable, agriculture and greening irrigation, supplementing nutrient substances required by crops in the nutrient prepared tank as follows (nitrogen is 2.63g/kg, phosphorus is 0.09g/kg, and potassium is 0.63g/kg), and uniformly stirring by using air. In the embodiment, MBR membrane is adopted for sludge-water separation, and the membrane group has precise filtering and separating effects, so that the solid-liquid separation efficiency is greatly improved, the concentration of suspended matters in effluent is almost 0, and the residual sludge containing Bacillus bacteria has better dewatering performance. As the effluent is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, probiotics and the like, through organic tomato soilless planting experiments, the absorption amount of tomatoes is 2L/plant/day, after long-term irrigation, common diseases are obviously reduced, the yield reaches 80 g/plant/day (about 60 percent of increase compared with the traditional fertilization mode), and the organic liquid fertilizer is a high-efficiency organic liquid fertilizer.

And (3) feeding the sludge separated in the step (2) into a sludge concentration tank for concentration, feeding the sludge into a filter press for dehydration to obtain a raw material for producing a solid organic fertilizer, and feeding the raw material into an organic fertilizer production workshop for blending the mass fraction (calculated on a drying basis) of trace elements (total nutrients (nitrogen + phosphorus pentoxide + potassium oxide)) as required to obtain the high-quality organic fertilizer, wherein the sludge is inorganic residue rich in nitrogen and phosphorus, the nitrogen in the sludge is 7.42/kg, the phosphorus is 12.66g/kg, and the potassium is 8.75 g/kg.

In the embodiment, the Bacillus bacteria is one or more of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus natto.

Wherein, the inoculation pond is filled with a PPC aerobic biological carrier. The PPC aerobic biological carrier is a gel-like porous body compounded by polyurethane and other high-molecular materials, has a unique interpenetrating network structure and a large specific surface area (greater than 4000 square meters per m)³) Strong wear resistance, good hydrophilicity and long service life.

And (5) the sludge separated by the MBR membrane tank enters a sludge concentration tank, and is dehydrated and dried together with the anaerobic sludge separated by the sedimentation tank.

Example 2

The embodiment provides a method for treating and comprehensively utilizing pig raising wastes, which comprises the following steps:

(1) adding pig raising waste containing feces, urine and sewage into a high-temperature anaerobic tank, controlling the temperature to be 55 ℃, and carrying out full reaction for 15 days; anaerobic microorganisms in the high-temperature anaerobic reactor convert organic matters in water into biogas, the biogas is generated and is introduced into a biogas storage tank for storage, and heat generated in the high-temperature anaerobic tank is used for generating power by a generator.

(2) The mixture output from the high-temperature anaerobic tank enters a sedimentation tank for solid-liquid separation; the separated sludge is inorganic residue rich in nitrogen and phosphorus, the nitrogen content in the sludge is 7.28g/kg, the phosphorus content is 12.88g/kg, and the potassium content in the sludge is 8.88g/kg, the sludge enters a sludge concentration tank for concentration, and the sludge is dehydrated by a filter press and is used as a raw material for producing a solid organic fertilizer by operation and maintenance.

(3) Liquid separated from the sedimentation tank enters an inoculation tank, Bacillus bacteria are inoculated into the inoculation tank for inoculation and mixing, and the inoculation tank is used for activating the Bacillus bacteria, maintaining the activity of the bacteria and providing a breeding place; the Bacillus bacteria is one or more of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus natto. PPC aerobic biological carriers are filled in the inoculation tank.

(4) Discharging into a biochemical tank for biochemical treatment, wherein the dissolved oxygen in the biochemical tank is 0.5mg/L, the retention time is 20h, the aeration time is 1h, the aeration time is 3h, and the pH value is 7.0;

(5) and (4) after the biochemical treatment, the sewage enters an MBR membrane tank, sludge and water are separated by adopting an MBR membrane, and the effluent can reach the standard and be discharged. And (4) the sludge separated from the MBR membrane tank enters a sludge concentration tank to be dehydrated and dried together with the anaerobic sludge separated from the sedimentation tank.

Example 3

The embodiment provides a method for treating and comprehensively utilizing pig raising wastes, which comprises the following steps:

(1) adding pig raising waste containing feces, urine and sewage into a high-temperature anaerobic tank, controlling the temperature at 50 ℃, and carrying out full reaction for 30 days; anaerobic microorganisms in the high-temperature anaerobic reactor convert organic matters in water into biogas, the biogas is generated and is introduced into a biogas storage tank for storage, and heat generated in the high-temperature anaerobic tank is used for generating power by a generator.

(2) The mixture output from the high-temperature anaerobic tank enters a sedimentation tank for solid-liquid separation; the separated sludge is inorganic residue rich in nitrogen and phosphorus, the nitrogen content in the sludge is 7.31g/kg, the phosphorus content is 12.54g/kg, and the potassium content in the sludge is 8.68g/kg, the sludge enters a sludge concentration tank for concentration, and the sludge is dehydrated by a filter press and is used as a raw material for producing a solid organic fertilizer by operation and maintenance.

(3) Liquid separated from the sedimentation tank enters an inoculation tank, Bacillus bacteria are inoculated into the inoculation tank for inoculation and mixing, and the inoculation tank is used for activating the Bacillus bacteria, maintaining the activity of the bacteria and providing a breeding place; the Bacillus bacteria is one or more of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus natto. PPC aerobic biological carriers are filled in the inoculation tank.

(4) Discharging the wastewater into a biochemical tank for biochemical treatment, wherein the dissolved oxygen in the biochemical tank is 1.0mg/L, the retention time is 16h, the aeration time is 1h, the aeration time is 3h, and the pH value is 8.0;

(5) and (3) feeding the biochemical sewage into an MBR membrane tank, performing sludge-water separation by adopting an MBR membrane, and recycling the prepared liquid fertilizer for vegetable, agriculture and greening irrigation, wherein the nutrient components in the effluent are as follows (nitrogen is 2.77g/kg, phosphorus is 0.08g/kg, and potassium is 0.65 g/kg). And (4) the sludge separated from the MBR membrane tank enters a sludge concentration tank to be dehydrated and dried together with the anaerobic sludge separated from the sedimentation tank. As the effluent is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, probiotics and the like, through organic tomato soilless planting experiments, the absorption amount of tomatoes is 2L/plant/day, after long-term irrigation, common diseases are obviously reduced, the yield reaches 75 g/plant/day (about 50% of the yield is increased compared with the traditional fertilization mode), and the organic liquid fertilizer is a high-efficiency organic liquid fertilizer.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.