阅读说明：本技术 一种自漂浮栅格状光热体及其应用 (Self-floating grid-shaped photo-thermal body and application thereof ) 是由 汤方明 范红卫 尹立新 袁亮 魏存宏 王雪 于 2020-12-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种自漂浮栅格状光热体及其应用,漂浮层、位于漂浮层上表面的光热层、接结光热层与漂浮层的接结纱；漂浮层和光热层都是由经纱与纬纱交织形成的机织物；漂浮层的轮廓形状为长方体,漂浮层的密度小于0.7g/cm～3；漂浮层的芯吸速度大于30mm/10min；光热层由若干轮廓为板状的织物在漂浮层上表面沿板状的厚度方向呈条形栅格状排列形成,若干轮廓为板状的织物的组织结构都为角联锁组织,且经纱和纬纱都为光热复丝；接结纱为光热复丝；光热复丝的芯吸速度大于40mm/10min；将自漂浮栅格状光热体置于海面上,自漂浮栅格状光热体置自漂浮与海面上,且在一个标准模拟太阳光下,水蒸气蒸发量为0.95～1.39kg/(m～2·h)。(The invention relates to a self-floating grid-shaped photo-thermal body and application thereof.A floating layer, a photo-thermal layer positioned on the upper surface of the floating layer, and binding yarns binding the photo-thermal layer and the floating layer are arranged on the floating layer; the floating layer and the photothermal layer are both woven fabrics formed by interweaving warp yarns and weft yarns; the profile shape of the floating layer is cuboid, and the density of the floating layer is less than 0.7g/cm 3 (ii) a The wicking speed of the floating layer is more than 30mm/10 min; the photo-thermal layer is made of several fabrics with plate-like contour, and the upper surface of the floating layer is strip-shaped along the thickness direction of the plate-likeThe fabric is formed by grid-shaped arrangement, the weave structures of a plurality of fabrics with plate-shaped outlines are all angle interlocking weaves, and warp yarns and weft yarns are all photo-thermal multifilaments; the binding yarns are photo-thermal multifilaments; the wicking speed of the photothermal multifilament is more than 40mm/10 min; the self-floating grid-shaped photo-thermal body is placed on the sea surface, the self-floating grid-shaped photo-thermal body is placed on the self-floating sea surface, and the evaporation capacity of water vapor is 0.95-1.39 kg/(m) under standard simulated sunlight 2 ·h)。)

1. A self-floating grid-shaped photo-thermal body is characterized by comprising: the floating layer, the smooth and thermal layer positioned on the upper surface of the floating layer, and the binding yarns binding the smooth and thermal layer and the floating layer; the floating layer and the photothermal layer are both woven fabrics formed by interweaving warp yarns and weft yarns;

the profile shape of the floating layer is cuboid, and the density of the floating layer is less than 0.7g/cm³(ii) a The wicking speed of the floating layer is more than 30mm/10 min;

the photothermal layer is formed by arranging a plurality of fabrics with plate-shaped outlines on the upper surface of the floating layer in a strip grid shape along the plate-shaped thickness direction, the plate-shaped thickness direction is parallel to the upper surface of the floating layer, the weave structures of the fabrics with the plate-shaped outlines are all angle interlocking weaves, and warp yarns and weft yarns are all photothermal multifilaments;

the binding yarns are photo-thermal multifilaments;

the wicking speed of the photothermal multifilament yarn is more than 40mm/10 min.

2. The self-floating grid-like photo-thermal body as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weave structure of the floating layer is an angle interlocking weave, the warp yarn is polypropylene or polyethylene, the weft yarn is foam strips and mixed yarns of the foam strips and other yarns, and the other yarns are polypropylene or polyethylene.

3. The self-floating grid-like photothermal element of claim 1 wherein the binder yarns are warp yarns of the photothermal layer.

4. The self-floating grid-like photothermal element according to claim 1 wherein the wicking speed of the binder yarns is 40 to 80mm/10 min.

5. The self-floating grid-shaped photothermal body according to claim 1, wherein the photothermal multifilament is a carbon fiber multifilament, a wire loaded with heavy metal particles, or a polypyrrole polymeric filament.

6. The self-floating grid-shaped photothermal element according to claim 1, wherein the thickness direction of the fabrics having a plurality of plate-like outlines is weft direction, and the direction perpendicular to the weft direction on the horizontal plane where the weft is located is warp direction; the warp tightness of the fabrics with the plate-shaped outlines is 80-90%, and the weft tightness is 60-70%.

7. The self-floating grid-shaped photothermal element according to claim 6, wherein the plurality of fabrics having a plate-like profile have the same shape, the thickness of the plate-like fabric is 0.5cm to 3cm, the height of the grid is more than 3cm when the strips are arranged in a grid-like shape, and the distance between adjacent grids is 0.2 cm to 0.5 cm.

8. The self-floating grid-like photothermal element according to claim 7, wherein the height of the rectangular parallelepiped is 2 to 10 cm.

9. The use of the self-floating grid-like photo-thermal body as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the self-floating grid-like photo-thermal body is placed on the sea surface, and the evaporation capacity of water vapor under a standard simulated sunlight is 0.95-1.39 kg/(m) m²·h)。

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of seawater desalination, and relates to a self-floating grid-shaped photo-thermal body and application thereof.

Background

The dramatic shortage of fresh water resources has led to widespread worldwide interest, and the use of solar energy as the sole energy source to achieve fresh water access is undoubtedly a considerable cost-effective solution. At present, the conversion from liquid water to gaseous water is realized by using the photo-thermal property of the material, but the effect of the conversion is often influenced by the convenience of the evaporation device, the tolerance of the photo-thermal material and the unsmooth evaporation channel of water vapor. The existing photothermal evaporation device usually needs additional device for assistance, such as floating object bearing like foam; meanwhile, a photo-thermal body with high controllable tolerance is difficult to realize, and the photo-thermal body is often lost, falls off, breaks and the like in the case of severe application environment; in addition, some photothermal bodies often have the problem that water molecule evaporation channels are not smooth, namely the photothermal bodies have certain volumes, so that water molecules in the photothermal bodies are not easy to evaporate.

Therefore, in order to improve the evaporation efficiency of water vapor, especially for the portability, tolerance and abundant steam generating channels of the water vapor generating device, it is undoubtedly a problem to be solved urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a self-floating grid-shaped photothermal element and application thereof, and solves the problems of insufficient portability and tolerance and unsmooth water vapor evaporation channel of a photothermal device in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following scheme:

a self-floating grid-like optothermal body comprising: the floating layer, the smooth and thermal layer positioned on the upper surface of the floating layer, and the binding yarns binding the smooth and thermal layer and the floating layer; the floating layer and the photothermal layer are both woven fabrics formed by interweaving warp yarns and weft yarns;

the profile shape of the floating layer is cuboid, and the overall density of the floating layer is less than 0.7g/cm³(ii) a The wicking speed of the floating layer is more than 30mm/10 min;

the photothermal layer is formed by arranging a plurality of fabrics with plate-shaped outlines on the upper surface of the floating layer in a strip grid shape along the plate-shaped thickness direction, the plate-shaped thickness direction is parallel to the upper surface of the floating layer, the weave structures of the fabrics with the plate-shaped outlines are all angle interlocking weaves, and warp yarns and weft yarns are all photothermal multifilaments; (the yarn is a multifilament yarn having photothermal properties);

the binding yarns are photo-thermal multifilaments;

the wicking speed of the photothermal multifilament yarn is more than 40mm/10 min.

As a preferred technical scheme:

in the self-floating grid-shaped photo-thermal body, the weave structure of the floating layer is an angle interlocking weave, the warp yarn is polypropylene or polyethylene, the weft yarn is foam thin strips and mixed yarns of the foam thin strips and other yarns, and the other yarns are polypropylene or polyethylene (the yarns are chemical fiber multifilaments with density lower than water).

The floating layer can bear the floating layer and the photo-thermal layer floats on the water surface;

the self-floating grid-shaped photo-thermal body is the warp of the binding yarn, i.e. the photo-thermal layer. The method specifically comprises the following steps: the warp of the photothermal layer is downwards connected with the weft of the floating layer, the warp of the photothermal layer realizes the connection of the two, any grid has the binder yarn, and the binder yarn can also diffuse the water absorbed by the floating layer due to the capillary action to the whole photothermal layer.

The wicking speed of the binding yarn of the self-floating grid-shaped photo-thermal body is 40-80 mm/10 min.

In the self-floating grid-shaped photothermal element, the photothermal multifilament is carbon fiber multifilament, wire rod carrying heavy metal particles or polypyrrole polymer filament.

The self-floating grid-shaped photo-thermal body is weft along the thickness direction of a plurality of fabrics with plate-shaped outlines, and the direction vertical to weft on the horizontal plane where the weft is located is warp; the warp tightness of the fabrics with the plate-shaped outlines is 80-90%, and the weft tightness is 60-70%.

The self-floating grid-shaped photo-thermal body has the advantages that the shapes of a plurality of fabrics with plate-shaped outlines are the same, the thickness of the plate-shaped fabrics is 0.5 cm-3 cm, the height of grids is more than 3cm when the fabrics are arranged in a strip grid shape, and the distance between adjacent grids is 0.2 cm-0.5 cm. The photothermal layer is in a strip grid shape, a certain gap is formed between every two grids and can be used as a channel for water vapor evaporation, and meanwhile, the long and narrow gaps can realize continuous reflection of sunlight between adjacent grids and can increase the absorption capacity of the sunlight;

the self-floating grid-shaped photo-thermal body is 2-10 cm in height.

The self-floating grid-shaped photo-thermal body is placed on the sea surface, can float on the sea surface and is in the presence of standard simulated sunlight (the irradiation is 1 kw/m)²) The amount of water vapor evaporated is 0.95 to 1.39 kg/(m)²·h)。

A method for manufacturing a self-floating grid-shaped photo-thermal body comprises designing warp tightness and weft tightness of a fabric, drafting according to the cross section shape of a strip grid-shaped fabric before weaving, namely, the cross section area is penetrating photo-thermal multifilaments of a photo-thermal layer, the cross section area is penetrating floating layer warps of a floating layer, in the weaving process, the photo-thermal layer and the floating layer both adopt angle interlocking tissues, weft yarns on the uppermost layer of the floating layer are woven into the lowest layer warps of the photo-thermal layer to realize binding when the area between the photo-thermal layer and the floating layer is woven, a shuttleless loom is adopted to weave the self-floating grid-shaped photo-thermal body at one time, each introduced weft yarn continuously penetrates through the whole wide fabric, and photo-thermal wires among grids are cut after finishing.

The principle of the invention is as follows:

the self-floating grid-shaped photo-thermal body is placed in seawater, the photo-thermal layer is arranged on the upper portion, the floating layer is arranged on the lower portion, the photo-thermal layer of a fabric floating on the seawater is not in contact with the seawater, the wicking speed of the floating layer is larger than 30mm/10min, seawater is absorbed by the capillary action of the floating layer, the seawater can be transferred to the photo-thermal layer through the capillary action of binding yarns, warp yarns and weft yarns of the photo-thermal layer are photo-thermal multifilaments, and the wicking speed is also larger than 40mm/10min, the seawater is diffused to the whole photo-thermal layer through the stronger capillary action of the photo-thermal layer, and the photo-thermal layer has good photo-thermal conversion effect, so that the photo-thermal layer with the increased temperature due to sunlight irradiation converts liquid water on the surface of the photo-thermal layer into water vapor, and the water vapor.

The self-floating grid-shaped photo-thermal body is a three-dimensional fabric formed by one-step weaving, namely the photo-thermal body is woven by adopting an angle interlocking structure in a weaving process, the warp and weft tightness of the selected structure is moderate, the warp has larger buckling, the fabric is endowed with excellent tensile and compression properties, and simultaneously has higher porosity, and a fabric tissue structure with thickness has larger specific surface area than a photo-thermal body in a plane form, so that the absorption area of sunlight is enlarged, and the evaporation efficiency of water vapor is increased. The floating layer and the photo-thermal layer which are self-connected into a whole have excellent portability; the fabric of the floating layer adopts the yarns with the density lower than that of water and flexibility, particularly, when the weft yarns are the foam strips or the foam strips and the yarns adopted by the warp yarns together as the weft yarns, the physical processes of floating, bending, compressing, folding, stretching and the like can be realized without auxiliary devices; the photothermal layer adopts the photo-thermal performance and flexible yarns, can efficiently absorb sunlight, further convert the sunlight into heat energy and accelerate the evaporation of water, and can have the bending, compression, folding and stretching characteristics to resist physical impact;

the self-floating grid-shaped photo-thermal body can realize the integration of portability, tolerance and rich vapor escape channels of the photo-thermal device.

Advantageous effects

(1) According to the self-floating grid-shaped photothermal element, the strip grid-shaped form of the photothermal element not only increases the sunlight receiving area of the photothermal element, but also realizes the possibility that water vapor can be evaporated from the gaps between adjacent grids, and further ensures the steam generation efficiency; the one-step weaving of the photothermal layer and the floating layer is realized by adopting a weaving process, and the strip-shaped grid-shaped morphological structure is realized by warp drafting in different areas;

(2) the invention relates to an application of a self-floating grid-shaped photo-thermal body, which uses wires with photo-thermal effect as warps and wefts of a photo-thermal layer and uses chemical fibers with density lower than that of water as warps of a floating layer, thereby realizing self-floating and steam generation without auxiliary devices.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a self-floating grid-like photo-thermal body according to the present invention; wherein, 1-floating layer and 2-smooth thermal layer.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

A self-floating grid-like optothermal body comprising: the floating layer, the smooth and thermal layer positioned on the upper surface of the floating layer, and the binding yarns binding the smooth and thermal layer and the floating layer; the floating layer and the photothermal layer are both woven fabrics formed by interweaving warp yarns and weft yarns;

the profile shape of the floating layer is cuboid, and the overall density of the floating layer is less than 0.7g/cm³(ii) a The wicking speed of the floating layer is more than 30mm/10 min;

the photothermal layer is formed by arranging a plurality of fabrics with plate-shaped outlines on the upper surface of the floating layer in a strip grid shape along the plate-shaped thickness direction, the plate-shaped thickness direction is parallel to the upper surface of the floating layer, the weave structures of the fabrics with the plate-shaped outlines are all angle interlocking weaves, and warp yarns and weft yarns are all photothermal multifilaments;

the binding yarns are photo-thermal multifilaments;

the wicking speed of the photothermal multifilament yarn is more than 40mm/10 min.

The floating layer has a structure of angle interlocking, warp yarns are polypropylene or polyethylene, and weft yarns are polypropylene or polyethylene;

binder yarns are the warp yarns of the photothermal layer. The method specifically comprises the following steps: the warp of the photothermal layer is downwards connected with the weft of the floating layer, the warp of the photothermal layer realizes the connection of the two, any grid has the binder yarn, and the binder yarn can also diffuse the water absorbed by the floating layer due to the capillary action to the whole photothermal layer.

The wicking speed of the binder yarn is 40mm/10 min-80 mm/10 min.

The photo-thermal multifilament is carbon fiber multifilament, wire rod carrying heavy metal particles or polypyrrole high polymer filament.

The thickness direction of the fabric with a plurality of plate-shaped outlines is the weft direction, and the direction vertical to the weft yarn on the horizontal plane where the weft yarn is located is the warp direction; the warp tightness of the fabrics with the plate-shaped outlines is 80-90%, and the weft tightness is 60-70%.

The shapes of a plurality of fabrics with plate-shaped outlines are the same, the thickness of the plate-shaped fabrics is 0.5 cm-3 cm, when the fabrics are arranged in a strip grid shape, the height of the grid is more than 3cm, and the distance between adjacent grids is 0.2-0.5 cm. The photothermal layer is in a strip grid shape, a certain gap is formed between every two grids and can be used as a channel for water vapor evaporation, and meanwhile, the long and narrow gaps can realize continuous reflection of sunlight between adjacent grids and can increase the absorption capacity of the sunlight;

the height of the cuboid is 2-10 cm.

The self-floating grid-shaped photo-thermal body is placed on the sea surface, can be self-floating and can be placed on the sea surface, and is placed under a standard simulated sunlight (the irradiation is 1 kw/m)²) The amount of water vapor evaporated is 0.95 to 1.39 kg/(m)²·h)。

A method for manufacturing a self-floating grid-shaped photo-thermal body comprises designing warp tightness and weft tightness of a fabric, drafting according to the cross section shape of a strip grid-shaped fabric before weaving, namely, the cross section area is penetrating photo-thermal multifilaments of a photo-thermal layer, the cross section area is penetrating floating layer warps of a floating layer, in the weaving process, the photo-thermal layer and the floating layer both adopt angle interlocking tissues, weft yarns on the uppermost layer of the floating layer are woven into the lowest layer warps of the photo-thermal layer to realize binding when the area between the photo-thermal layer and the floating layer is woven, a shuttleless loom is adopted to weave the self-floating grid-shaped photo-thermal body at one time, each introduced weft yarn continuously penetrates through the whole wide fabric, and photo-thermal wires among grids are cut after finishing.

Example 1

A self-floating grid-like optothermal body, as shown in fig. 1, comprising: the floating layer 1, the photo-thermal layer 2 positioned on the upper surface of the floating layer, and binding yarns for binding the photo-thermal layer and the floating layer; the floating layer and the photothermal layer are both woven fabrics formed by interweaving warp yarns and weft yarns;

the profile shape of the floating layer is cuboid, the height of the cuboid is 8cm, the width of the cuboid is 1.1m, the length of the cuboid is 1.8m, and the overall density of the floating layer is 0.6g/cm³(ii) a The wicking speed of the floating layer is 35mm/10 min; the floating layer has a structure that warp yarns and weft yarns are angle interlocking tissues of polypropylene fibers;

the photothermal layer is formed by arranging a plurality of fabrics with plate-shaped outlines on the upper surface of the floating layer in a strip-shaped grid shape along the plate-shaped thickness direction, the plate-shaped thickness direction is parallel to the upper surface of the floating layer, the shapes of the fabrics with plate-shaped outlines are the same, the thickness of the fabric with plate shape is 2.5cm, when the fabrics with plate-shaped outlines are arranged in a strip-shaped grid shape, the height of the grid is 3.8cm, and the distance between adjacent grids is 0.3 cm; the weave structure of the fabrics with the plate-shaped outlines is an angle interlocking weave with warp yarns and weft yarns both being carbon fiber multifilaments, and the wicking speed of the photothermal multifilaments is 50mm/10 min; the thickness direction of the fabric with a plurality of plate-shaped outlines is the weft direction, and the direction vertical to the weft yarn on the horizontal plane where the weft yarn is located is the warp direction; the warp tightness of several fabrics with plate-like profiles was 85% and the weft tightness 65%.

The warp yarns of the photothermal layer are downwards bound with the weft yarns of the floating layer, so that the binding yarns, namely the warp yarns of the photothermal layer and the warp yarns of the photothermal layer are connected, and the binding yarns are arranged at any grid.

The self-floating grid-shaped photo-thermal body is arranged on the sea surface and can float on the sea surfaceAnd under a standard simulated sunlight (irradiation of 1 kw/m)²) The water vapor evaporation capacity is 1.28 kg/(m)²·h)。