阅读说明：本技术 温压分控气爆技术预处理杨木的方法 (Method for pretreating poplar by temperature-pressure separate control gas explosion technology ) 是由 刘忠 惠岚峰 王慧梅 李景芝 李昕 于 2020-12-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于杨木处理领域,具体涉及一种温压分控气爆技术预处理杨木的方法。包括如下制备步骤：(1)将处理后的杨木片于汽爆试验台反应容器中,然后通入不同量的水蒸汽和压缩空气调整压力和温度进行爆破实验；(2)爆破后,充分收集爆破后样品和爆破液；用尼龙浆袋将爆破后样品和爆破液固液分离,并用蒸馏水多次洗涤爆破后样品以除去其中的可溶性糖等物质,再置于烘箱中进行干燥后收集备用。温压分控气爆技术通过控制水蒸汽和其他气体的分压来实现温度和压力的分别控制的目的。从而得以尽可能地去除半纤维素而保留纤维素。(The invention belongs to the field of poplar treatment, and particularly relates to a method for pretreating poplar by a temperature-pressure separate control air explosion technology. The preparation method comprises the following preparation steps: (1) placing the treated poplar chips in a reaction vessel of a steam explosion test bed, and then introducing different amounts of water vapor and compressed air to adjust the pressure and temperature to carry out explosion experiments; (2) fully collecting a sample and blasting liquid after blasting; and (3) separating the blasted sample from the blasting liquid solid and liquid by using a nylon pulp bag, washing the blasted sample by using distilled water for multiple times to remove soluble sugar and other substances, drying in an oven and collecting for later use. The temperature and pressure partial control gas explosion technology realizes the aim of respectively controlling the temperature and the pressure by controlling the partial pressure of water vapor and other gases. Thereby removing hemicellulose as much as possible and retaining cellulose.)

1. A method for pretreating poplar by a temperature-pressure separate control gas explosion technology is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps:

(1) placing the treated poplar chips in a reaction vessel of a steam explosion test bed, and then introducing different amounts of water vapor and compressed air to adjust the pressure and temperature to carry out explosion experiments;

(2) fully collecting a sample and blasting liquid after blasting; and (3) separating the blasted sample from the blasting liquid solid and liquid by using a nylon pulp bag, washing the blasted sample by using distilled water for multiple times to remove soluble sugar and other substances, drying in an oven and collecting for later use.

2. The method for pretreating poplar wood by using the temperature and pressure controlled air explosion technology according to claim 1, wherein the method for treating poplar chips in the step (1) comprises the following steps of: (1.1) impregnating poplar chips with oxalic acid and naturally drying at room temperature; and (1.2) placing the dried poplar chips in a self-sealing bag to balance moisture.

3. The method for pretreating poplar wood by using the temperature and pressure controlled air explosion technology according to claim 2, wherein the mass fraction of oxalic acid used for impregnation in the step (1.1) is 0-2%.

4. The method for pretreating poplar wood by using the temperature and pressure controlled air explosion technology as claimed in claim 2, wherein the oxalic acid impregnation time in the step (1.1) is 12 hours.

5. The method for pretreating poplar by using the temperature and pressure separate control air explosion technology as claimed in claim 2, wherein the moisture of the poplar pieces air-dried in the step (1.2) needs to be adjusted to 35%, and the poplar pieces are placed in a self-sealing bag to be balanced for 24 hours.

6. The method for pretreating poplar by using the temperature and pressure separately controlled gas explosion technology according to claim 1, wherein the steam explosion temperature in the steam explosion treatment in the step (1) is 190-220 ℃, the pressure maintaining time is 3-12min, and the steam explosion pressure is 2.2-3.0 MPa.

7. The method for pretreating poplar by using the temperature and pressure division control air explosion technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sample subjected to explosion in the step (2) is dried in an oven at 50 ℃ and then collected for later use.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of poplar treatment, and particularly relates to a method for pretreating poplar by a temperature-pressure separate control air explosion technology.

Background

With the continuous development of society, the demand for energy is more and more large, and the development of economy is closely related to the utilization of energy. But petrochemical resources are limited in reserves and are non-renewable resources. In the past decades, most of petrochemical resources are consumed, and the problem of energy shortage is more and more prominent; in addition, the utilization of petrochemical resources also brings a series of environmental problems, such as: global warming, ecological environmental pollution, ozone layer destruction, ecological carbon balance breaking and the like. In the face of the dual pressure of energy shortage and environmental pollution, the search for clean renewable energy sources that can replace fossil fuels has become an urgent necessity from the sustainable development aspect. Renewable resources are actively being explored in various countries. Lignocellulose attracts more and more attention by researchers due to the characteristics of being renewable, widely distributed, large in resource amount and the like.

The lignocellulosic raw material has complex and various structures and compact cell wall structures, contains a large amount of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin which are closely connected to form natural compact plant cell walls, and the existence of a natural anti-degradation barrier ensures that the lignocellulosic raw material has certain resistance to conventional chemical reagents. Therefore, in order to make better use of the lignocellulosic feedstock, it is often necessary to subject the feedstock to appropriate pretreatment in order to break the cross-linked structure of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in the lignocellulosic feedstock and increase the utilization of the lignocellulosic feedstock. The commonly used pretreatment methods include physical pretreatment, chemical pretreatment, physicochemical pretreatment, and biological pretreatment. The steam explosion is an effective physical and chemical pretreatment method, and the method has the characteristics of low energy consumption, small pollution, good treatment effect, wide application range and the like.

In the traditional steam explosion process, the explosion medium is water vapor, the pressure maintaining temperature is controlled by the vapor pressure, and the temperature and the pressure correspond to each other one by one and cannot be controlled respectively. If one wants to increase the burst pressure, the temperature will also increase, causing the cellulose to be degraded more.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a method for pretreating poplar by using a temperature and pressure separate control air explosion technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a method for pretreating poplar by a temperature-pressure separate control gas explosion technology comprises the following preparation steps:

(1) placing the treated poplar chips in a reaction vessel of a steam explosion test bed, and then introducing different amounts of water vapor and compressed air to adjust the pressure and temperature to carry out explosion experiments;

(2) fully collecting a sample and blasting liquid after blasting; and (3) separating the blasted sample from the blasting liquid solid and liquid by using a nylon pulp bag, washing the blasted sample by using distilled water for multiple times to remove soluble sugar and other substances, drying in an oven and collecting for later use.

The treatment method of the poplar chips in the step (1) comprises the following steps: (1.1) impregnating poplar chips with oxalic acid and naturally drying at room temperature; and (1.2) placing the dried poplar chips in a self-sealing bag to balance moisture.

In the step (1.1), the mass fraction of oxalic acid used for impregnation is 0-2%.

In the step (1.1), the oxalic acid dipping time is 12 h.

And (3) adjusting the water content of the poplar chips dried in the step (1.2) to 35%, and placing the poplar chips in a self-sealing bag for balancing for 24 hours.

The steam explosion temperature in the steam explosion treatment in the step (1) is 190-220 ℃, the pressure maintaining time is 3-12min, and the steam explosion pressure is 2.2-3.0 MPa.

Preferably, the steam explosion temperature in the steam explosion treatment in the step (1) is 210 ℃, the pressure maintaining time is 9min, and the steam explosion pressure is 2.8 MPa.

And (3) drying the sample subjected to the blasting in the step (2) in a 50 ℃ oven, and collecting the sample for later use.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the application adopts a new blasting technology, namely a temperature and pressure separately controlled gas blasting technology. The temperature and pressure separately controlled gas explosion technology is that water vapor and other gases (compressed air is selected in the text) are respectively introduced in the explosion process, and the aim of separately controlling the temperature and the pressure is fulfilled by controlling the partial pressure of the water vapor and the other gases. The temperature is controlled by controlling the partial pressure of water vapor in the system, and the total pressure in the system can be increased by introducing other gases under the condition of ensuring that the temperature is not changed, so that the aim of respectively controlling the temperature and the pressure is fulfilled, and the hemicellulose is removed as far as possible while the cellulose is reserved. Compared with poplar, the method has the advantages that the temperature and pressure control air explosion technology is adopted to blast poplar, so that the cellulose content is improved by 49.8%, the dissolution of hemicellulose is sufficient, the content is reduced by 95.9%, and the lignin content is reduced by 10.9%. After blasting treatment, the compact structure of the poplar is damaged, and the tightly arranged fibers are torn into single fibers or fiber bundles. The crystallinity increased from 50.6% to 64.6% before blasting.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following preferred embodiments.

Example 1

A method for pretreating poplar by a temperature-pressure separate control gas explosion technology comprises the following preparation steps:

1. screening poplar chips, washing the poplar chips for 5 times by using tap water to remove impurities in the poplar chips, naturally airing the poplar chips at room temperature, and storing the poplar chips for later use;

2. 200g of oven-dried poplar chips are taken and put into oxalic acid solution for soaking for 12 hours. Taking out the soaked poplar chips, and naturally drying at room temperature;

3. putting the dried poplar slices into a sealed bag with distilled water, so that the poplar slices absorb water, controlling the water content at 35%, and balancing for 24 hours;

4. the poplar chips with balanced moisture are placed in a reaction vessel of a steam explosion test bed, and water vapor is firstly introduced to ensure that the temperature reaches 190 ℃ and 220 ℃ and the temperature is kept stable. Then compressed air is introduced instantaneously to make the pressure reach 2.2-3.0MPa, then the introduction of compressed air is stopped, and the pressure is maintained for 3-12min to carry out steam explosion reaction.

5. After blasting, the samples and blasting liquid after blasting were collected sufficiently. And (3) separating the blasted sample from the blasting liquid solid and liquid by using a nylon pulp bag, washing the blasted sample by using distilled water for multiple times to remove soluble sugar and other substances, drying in a 50 ℃ oven, and collecting for later use.

The effect of varying different parameters on treated poplar is shown in table 1.

TABLE 1

The content of cellulose in the poplar raw material is 42.6%, the content of hemicellulose is 19.4%, and the content of lignin is 28.4%; the technical scheme of the application has different degrees of influence on poplar, wherein the cellulose content is improved by 49.8 percent, the dissolution of hemicellulose is more sufficient, the content is reduced by 95.9 percent, and the lignin content is reduced by 10.9 percent after blasting is carried out by adopting the most preferable experimental mode. After blasting treatment, the compact structure of the poplar is damaged, and the tightly arranged fibers are torn into single fibers or fiber bundles. The crystallinity increased from 50.6% to 64.6% before blasting.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.