阅读说明：本技术 一种冷冻升华技术处理污水的方法 (Method for treating sewage by using freezing sublimation technology ) 是由 杨书传 钱从彪 于 2021-06-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种冷冻升华技术处理污水的方法,具体涉及污水处理领域,S1、先将污水通过集水装置进行收集；S2、将收集的污水送入换热装置,将污水进行预冷处理,冷却后的污水温度为0℃至5℃；冷却处理后的污水送入若干并联的真空室,通过液氨或液氮,使真空室温度降到0℃以下,使得冰开始升华,为获得更高的升华效率,冷却至-20℃至-40℃并保持,然后通过加热装置,将污水中的水份进行升华操作；真空室工作压力为-0.1Mpa至-1Mpa；加热装置的加热温度为38至66℃；S4、将升华的水份通过冷凝装置冷凝后收集排放。本发明不仅可实现污水的连续性处理,且容易集约化处理,制成设备灵活就地处理,工艺过程简单。(The invention provides a method for treating sewage by a freezing sublimation technology, and particularly relates to the field of sewage treatment, S1, firstly, collecting the sewage by a water collecting device; s2, sending the collected sewage into a heat exchange device, and pre-cooling the sewage, wherein the temperature of the cooled sewage is 0-5 ℃; sending the cooled sewage into a plurality of vacuum chambers connected in parallel, reducing the temperature of the vacuum chambers to be below 0 ℃ through liquid ammonia or liquid nitrogen to ensure that ice begins to sublimate, cooling to-20 ℃ to-40 ℃ for obtaining higher sublimation efficiency, and then carrying out sublimation operation on water in the sewage through a heating device; the working pressure of the vacuum chamber is-0.1 MPa to-1 MPa; the heating temperature of the heating device is 38 to 66 ℃; and S4, condensing the sublimated water through a condensing device, and then collecting and discharging the water. The invention can realize continuous treatment of sewage, is easy to realize intensive treatment, and has flexible and local treatment of the prepared equipment and simple process.)

1. A method for treating sewage by using a freezing sublimation technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, collecting the sewage through a water collecting device;

s2, sending the collected sewage into a heat exchange device, and pre-cooling the sewage, wherein the temperature of the cooled sewage is 0-5 ℃;

s3, sending the cooled sewage into a plurality of vacuum chambers connected in parallel, reducing the temperature of the vacuum chambers to below 0 ℃ through liquid ammonia or liquid nitrogen to ensure that ice begins to sublimate, cooling to-20 ℃ to-40 ℃ for obtaining higher sublimation efficiency, and then sublimating the water in the sewage through a heating device; the working pressure of the vacuum chamber is-0.1 MPa to-1 MPa; the heating temperature of the heating device is 38 to 66 ℃;

and S4, condensing the sublimated water through a condensing device, and then collecting and discharging the water.

2. The method for treating sewage by using the freezing sublimation technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the device is characterized in that: the heat exchange device comprises a first tank body and a first heat exchange tube, the first heat exchange tube penetrates through the first tank body, and a first inlet and a first outlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the first tank body; a first medium inlet and a first medium outlet for the heat exchange medium to enter and exit are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the first tank body; wherein, the first inlet is connected with an overflow port of the water collecting device; the first outlet is connected to the vacuum chamber.

3. The method for treating sewage by using a freezing sublimation technology as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a heating device and an ultraviolet sterilization device are arranged in the vacuum chamber; the upper part of the vacuum chamber is a collecting cover with an inverted cone structure; the heating device is arranged at the lower part of the vacuum chamber, the ultraviolet sterilization device is erected on the lower end surface of the collection cover, the upper end of the collection cover is a sublimation outlet, and the sublimation outlet is connected with the condensing device; and a sewage draining outlet is arranged at the lower side outside the vacuum chamber, and a vacuum pumping outlet is arranged at the upper end.

4. The method for sewage treatment by using a freezing sublimation technology as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the heating device adopts a heating net, and at least 3 layers of the heating net are arranged from bottom to bottom; the ultraviolet sterilization device adopts an ultraviolet sterilization lamp tube.

5. The method for sewage treatment by using a freezing sublimation technology as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the condensing device consists of a plurality of U-shaped condensing pipes which are sequentially connected to form an S-shaped channel; a plurality of condensation outlets are formed at the lower end of the U-shaped condensation pipe; several condensation outlets converge to a collection header.

6. The method for treating sewage by using a freezing sublimation technology as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the heat exchange device also comprises a second tank body, a second heat exchange tube penetrates through the second tank body, and a second inlet and a second outlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the second tank body; a second medium inlet and a second medium outlet for the heat exchange medium to enter and exit are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the second tank body; wherein the second inlet and the first inlet are converged to the main wastewater inlet; the overflow port of the wastewater main inlet water collecting device is connected; the second outlet and the first outlet are converged to a main wastewater outlet; the total wastewater outlet is connected with the inlet of the vacuum chamber.

7. The method for sewage treatment by using a freezing sublimation technology as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the second outlet, the first outlet and the waste water main outlet are all wrapped by heat insulation materials.

8. The method for sewage treatment by using a freezing sublimation technology as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the heat exchange medium is ice water or liquid ammonia or liquid nitrogen; the heat insulation material is asbestos or rock wool or glass fiber.

9. The method for treating sewage by using a freezing sublimation technology as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the first heat exchange tube structure positioned in the first tank body is a spiral structure; the second heat exchange tube in the second tank body is in a spiral structure; valves which enable the first inlet, the first outlet, the second inlet and the second outlet to be connected in parallel are arranged on the first inlet, the first outlet, the second inlet and the second outlet.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a method for treating sewage by using a freezing sublimation technology.

Background

The sewage treatment in industrial production is always the most important factor in environmental management, and the existing sewage treatment modes are mainly divided into a physical method, a biological method and a chemical method; however, no matter what kind of process, the treatment process is very complicated and complicated, the treatment time is long, and the efficiency is low; patent with application number CN202011637695.6 discloses a comprehensive sewage treatment process, which comprises the following steps: introducing sewage into an air floatation tank to carry out air floatation treatment on the sewage; step two, performing biological filtration on the sewage subjected to air floatation treatment; step three, carrying out ozone treatment on the sewage after biological filtration; and step four, discharging the sewage after the ozone treatment after the sewage is buffered by a clean water tank. Through the treatment of the sewage treatment process, the organic matters such as ammonia nitrogen and the like in the water are greatly reduced, the phosphorus and nitrogen levels can be reduced to meet the requirement of environmental protection, the dissolved oxygen content in the water is increased, the transparency of the water body is improved, and the water quality of the water body is optimized; but the method has the defects of complexity, long treatment time and low efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for treating sewage by using a freezing sublimation technology, which can realize continuous treatment of sewage, is easy to realize intensive treatment, and has flexible and local treatment of manufactured equipment and simple process.

The invention provides the following technical scheme

A method for treating sewage by using a freezing sublimation technology comprises the following specific steps:

s1, collecting the sewage through a water collecting device;

s2, sending the collected sewage into a heat exchange device, and pre-cooling the sewage, wherein the temperature of the cooled sewage is 0-5 ℃;

s3, sending the cooled sewage into a plurality of vacuum chambers connected in parallel, reducing the temperature of the vacuum chambers to below 0 ℃ through liquid ammonia or liquid nitrogen to ensure that ice begins to sublimate, cooling to-20 ℃ to-40 ℃ for obtaining higher sublimation efficiency, and then sublimating the water in the sewage through a heating device; the working pressure of the vacuum chamber is-0.1 MPa to-1 MPa; the heating temperature of the heating device is 38 to 66 ℃;

and S4, condensing the sublimated water through a condensing device, and then collecting and discharging the water.

Preferably, the heat exchange device comprises a first tank body and a first heat exchange tube, the first heat exchange tube penetrates through the first tank body, and a first inlet and a first outlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the first tank body; a first medium inlet and a first medium outlet for the heat exchange medium to enter and exit are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the first tank body; wherein, the first inlet is connected with an overflow port of the water collecting device; the first outlet is connected with the vacuum chamber;

preferably, a heating device and an ultraviolet sterilization device are arranged in the vacuum chamber; the upper part of the vacuum chamber is a collecting cover with an inverted cone structure; the heating device is arranged at the lower part of the vacuum chamber, the ultraviolet sterilization device is erected on the lower end surface of the collection cover, the upper end of the collection cover is a sublimation outlet, and the sublimation outlet is connected with the condensing device; a sewage draining outlet is arranged at the lower side outside the vacuum chamber, and a vacuum pumping outlet is arranged at the upper end of the vacuum chamber;

preferably, the heating device adopts a heating net, and at least 3 layers of the heating net are arranged from bottom to bottom; the ultraviolet sterilization device adopts an ultraviolet sterilization lamp tube.

Preferably, the condensing device consists of a plurality of U-shaped condensing pipes, and the condensing pipes are sequentially connected to form an S-shaped channel; a plurality of condensation outlets are formed at the lower end of the U-shaped condensation pipe; a plurality of condensation outlets are converged to a collecting header pipe

Preferably, the heat exchange device further comprises a second tank body, the second heat exchange tube penetrates through the second tank body, and a second inlet and a second outlet are respectively formed in two ends of the second tank body; a second medium inlet and a second medium outlet for the heat exchange medium to enter and exit are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the second tank body; wherein the second inlet and the first inlet are converged to the main wastewater inlet; the overflow port of the wastewater main inlet water collecting device is connected; the second outlet and the first outlet are converged to a main wastewater outlet; the waste water main outlet is connected with the inlet of the vacuum chamber;

preferably, the second outlet, the first outlet and the wastewater main outlet are wrapped with heat insulation materials;

preferably, the heat exchange medium is ice water, liquid ammonia or liquid nitrogen; the heat insulation material is asbestos or rock wool or glass fiber;

preferably, the first heat exchange tube structure positioned in the first tank body is a spiral structure; the second heat exchange tube in the second tank body is in a spiral structure; valves which enable the first inlet, the first outlet, the second inlet and the second outlet to be connected in parallel are arranged on the first inlet, the first outlet, the second inlet and the second outlet;

the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention can realize continuous treatment of sewage by freezing and sublimating, and can realize high-efficiency water treatment by freezing the wastewater with certain concentration, especially the wastewater with high concentration, and leaving dry substances after water sublimating when the temperature is reduced to a proper temperature, and the sublimated water has less residue, and can be used as reclaimed water for reuse or discharged to municipal pipelines without subsequent treatment. The technological process is easy to realize intensive treatment, the prepared equipment is flexible to treat on site, and the technological process is simple. Is especially suitable for treating high-concentration waste water and waste water which is difficult to treat by biochemical process and other waste water which needs complicated process and has high economic cost.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a partial structure of the present invention;

labeled as: 1. a water collection device; 2. an inlet of a water collecting device; 3. an outlet of the water collection device; 4. a main wastewater inlet; 5. a main wastewater outlet; 6. a first tank; 7. a second tank; 8. a first heat exchange tube; 9. a second heat exchange tube; 10. a first inlet; 11. a first outlet; 12. a second inlet; 13. a second outlet; 14. a collection hood; 15. a heating device; 16. an ultraviolet water collecting device; 17. a vacuum pumping port; 18. a sewage draining outlet; 19. a condenser tube; 20. a condensation outlet; 21. a collecting header pipe; 22. a first medium inlet; 23. a first medium outlet; 24. a second medium inlet; 25. a second medium outlet; 26. a valve; 27 a heat insulating material; 28. a sublimation outlet; 29. a vacuum chamber; 30. a refrigerant port.

Detailed Description

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a method for treating sewage by using a freezing sublimation technology comprises the following specific steps:

s1, collecting the sewage through the water collecting device 1;

s2, sending the collected sewage into a first heat exchange device 6, and pre-cooling the sewage through ice water, wherein the temperature of the cooled sewage is 5 ℃;

s3, sending the cooled sewage into a plurality of vacuum chambers 29 connected in parallel, cooling to 0 ℃ through liquid ammonia, sublimating the sewage, cooling to-20 ℃ for obtaining higher sublimation efficiency, keeping, and sublimating water in the sewage through a heating device 15; the working pressure of the vacuum chamber 29 is-0.1 Mpa; the heating temperature of the heating device 15 is 38 ℃;

and S4, condensing the sublimated water through the condensing pipe 19 of the condensing device, and then collecting and discharging the condensed water.

The heat exchange device comprises a first tank 6 and a first heat exchange tube 7, the first heat exchange tube 8 penetrates through the first tank 6, and a first inlet 10 and a first outlet 11 are respectively arranged at two ends of the first tank 6; a first medium inlet 22 and a first medium outlet 23 for the heat exchange medium to enter and exit are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the first tank 6; wherein, the first inlet 10 is connected with the overflow port 3 of the water collecting device 1; the first outlet 11 is connected to a vacuum chamber 29; cooling medium enters from the first medium inlet 22 and exits from the first medium outlet 23, so that the cooling operation of the sewage in the first heat exchange pipe 8 is realized; the heat exchange medium is ice water, and a heating device 15 and an ultraviolet sterilization device 16 are arranged in the vacuum chamber 29; the upper part of the vacuum chamber 29 is provided with a collection cover 14 with an inverted cone structure; the heating device 15 is arranged at the lower part of the vacuum chamber 29, the ultraviolet sterilization device 13 is arranged on the lower end surface of the collection cover 14, the upper end of the collection cover 14 is a sublimation outlet 28, and the sublimation outlet 28 is connected with a condensing device for condensing the sublimated water; and a sewage draining outlet 18 is arranged at the lower side outside the vacuum chamber, and a vacuum pumping port 17 is arranged at the upper end of the vacuum chamber for vacuum pumping operation. The condensing device consists of a plurality of U-shaped condensing pipes 18, and the condensing pipes 18 are sequentially connected to form an S-shaped channel to improve the cooling time, so that the condensing efficiency is improved; a condensation outlet 20 for discharging condensed water is arranged at the lower end of the U-shaped condensation pipe 18; a plurality of condensation outlets 20 are collected to a collection header pipe 21 and then discharged;

example 2

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a method for treating sewage by using a freezing sublimation technology comprises the following specific steps:

s1, collecting the sewage through the water collecting device 1;

s2, sending the collected sewage into a first heat exchange device 6 and a second heat exchange device 7, and precooling the sewage through liquid ammonia, wherein the temperature of the cooled sewage is 2.5 ℃;

s3, conveying the cooled sewage into two parallel vacuum chambers 29, sublimating the sewage through liquid ammonia, cooling to-30 ℃ for obtaining higher sublimation efficiency, keeping the temperature, and then sublimating the water in the sewage through a heating device 15; the working pressure of the vacuum chamber 29 is-0.5 Mpa; the heating temperature of the heating device 15 is 52 ℃;

and S4, condensing the sublimated water through the condensing pipe 19 of the condensing device, and then collecting and discharging the condensed water.

The heat exchange device comprises a first tank 6 and a first heat exchange tube 7, the first heat exchange tube 8 penetrates through the first tank 6, and a first inlet 10 and a first outlet 11 are respectively arranged at two ends of the first tank 6; a first medium inlet 22 and a first medium outlet 23 for the heat exchange medium to enter and exit are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the first tank 6; wherein, the first inlet 10 is connected with the overflow port 3 of the water collecting device 1; the first outlet 11 is connected to a vacuum chamber 29; cooling medium enters from the first medium inlet 22 and exits from the first medium outlet 23, so that the cooling operation of the sewage in the first heat exchange pipe 8 is realized; the vacuum chambers connected in parallel can not only realize continuous operation, but also improve the production reliability of the operation, and the heating device 15 and the ultraviolet sterilization device 16 are arranged in the vacuum chamber 29; the upper part of the vacuum chamber 29 is provided with a collection cover 14 with an inverted cone structure; the heating device 15 is arranged at the lower part of the vacuum chamber 29, the ultraviolet sterilization device 13 is arranged on the lower end surface of the collection cover 14, the upper end of the collection cover 14 is a sublimation outlet 28, and the sublimation outlet 28 is connected with a condensing device for condensing the sublimated water; a sewage draining outlet 18 is arranged at the lower side outside the vacuum chamber, and a vacuum pumping port 17 is arranged at the upper end of the vacuum chamber for vacuum pumping operation; the heating device 15 adopts a heating net, at least 3 layers of the heating net are arranged from bottom to bottom, so that the evaporation of sewage is facilitated, and the heating efficiency can be ensured; the ultraviolet sterilization device 16 adopts an ultraviolet sterilization lamp tube to sterilize bacteria in the sewage, so that the number of the bacteria is reduced; the heat exchange device also comprises a second tank body 7, a second heat exchange tube 9 penetrates through the second tank body 7, and a second inlet 12 and a second outlet 13 are respectively arranged at two ends of the second tank body 7; a second medium inlet 24 and a second medium outlet 25 for the heat exchange medium to enter and exit are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the second tank 7; wherein the second inlet 12 and the first inlet 10 converge to the main wastewater inlet 4; an overflow port 3 of a water collecting device 1 of a wastewater main inlet 4 is connected; the second outlet 13 and the first outlet 11 are merged to the main wastewater outlet 5; the waste water main outlet 5 is connected with the inlet of the vacuum chamber 29; cooling medium enters from the second medium inlet 24 and exits from the second medium outlet 25, so that the cooling operation of the sewage in the second heat exchange pipe 9 is realized; the second outlet 13, the first outlet 11 and the wastewater main outlet 5 are wrapped with heat insulation materials 27, so that heat exchange of cooled wastewater is avoided, and the effect after refrigeration is ensured; a heat exchange medium, namely liquid ammonia; the heat insulation material 27 is asbestos; the condensing device consists of a plurality of U-shaped condensing pipes 18, and the condensing pipes 18 are sequentially connected to form an S-shaped channel to improve the cooling time, so that the condensing efficiency is improved; a condensation outlet 20 for discharging condensed water is arranged at the lower end of the U-shaped condensation pipe 18; and a plurality of condensation outlets 20 are collected to a collection header 21 and then discharged.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a method for treating sewage by using a freezing sublimation technology comprises the following specific steps:

s1, collecting the sewage through the water collecting device 1;

s2, sending the collected sewage into a first heat exchange device 6 and a second heat exchange device 7, and carrying out liquid ammonia precooling treatment on the sewage, wherein the temperature of the cooled sewage is 0 ℃;

s3, conveying the cooled sewage into two parallel vacuum chambers 29, sublimating the sewage through liquid nitrogen, cooling to-40 ℃ for obtaining higher sublimation efficiency, keeping the temperature, and then sublimating the water in the sewage through a heating device 15; the working pressure of the vacuum chamber 29 is-0.1 Mpa; the heating temperature of the heating device 15 is 66 ℃;

and S4, condensing the sublimated water through the condensing pipe 19 of the condensing device, and then collecting and discharging the condensed water.

The heat exchange device comprises a first tank 6 and a first heat exchange tube 7, the first heat exchange tube 8 penetrates through the first tank 6, and a first inlet 10 and a first outlet 11 are respectively arranged at two ends of the first tank 6; a first medium inlet 22 and a first medium outlet 23 for the heat exchange medium to enter and exit are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the first tank 6; wherein, the first inlet 10 is connected with the overflow port 3 of the water collecting device 1; the first outlet 11 is connected to a vacuum chamber 29; cooling medium enters from the first medium inlet 22 and exits from the first medium outlet 23, so that the cooling operation of the sewage in the first heat exchange pipe 8 is realized; the vacuum chambers connected in parallel can not only realize continuous operation, but also improve the production reliability of the operation; a heating device 15 and an ultraviolet sterilization device 16 are arranged in the vacuum chamber 29; the upper part of the vacuum chamber 29 is provided with a collection cover 14 with an inverted cone structure; the heating device 15 is arranged at the lower part of the vacuum chamber 29, the ultraviolet sterilization device 13 is arranged on the lower end surface of the collection cover 14, the upper end of the collection cover 14 is a sublimation outlet 28, and the sublimation outlet 28 is connected with a condensing device for condensing the sublimated water; a sewage draining outlet 18 is arranged at the lower side outside the vacuum chamber, and a vacuum pumping port 17 is arranged at the upper end of the vacuum chamber for vacuum pumping operation; the heating device 15 adopts a heating net, at least 3 layers of the heating net are arranged from bottom to bottom, so that the evaporation of sewage is facilitated, and the heating efficiency can be ensured; the ultraviolet sterilization device 16 adopts an ultraviolet sterilization lamp tube to sterilize bacteria in the sewage, so that the number of the bacteria is reduced; the condensing device consists of a plurality of U-shaped condensing pipes 18, and the condensing pipes 18 are sequentially connected to form an S-shaped channel to improve the cooling time, so that the condensing efficiency is improved; a condensation outlet 20 for discharging condensed water is arranged at the lower end of the U-shaped condensation pipe 18; a plurality of condensation outlets 20 are collected to a collection header pipe 21 and then discharged; the heat exchange device also comprises a second tank body 7, a second heat exchange tube 9 penetrates through the second tank body 7, and a second inlet 12 and a second outlet 13 are respectively arranged at two ends of the second tank body 7; a second medium inlet 24 and a second medium outlet 25 for the heat exchange medium to enter and exit are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the second tank 7; wherein the second inlet 12 and the first inlet 10 converge to the main wastewater inlet 4; an overflow port 3 of a water collecting device 1 of a wastewater main inlet 4 is connected; the second outlet 13 and the first outlet 11 are merged to the main wastewater outlet 5; the waste water main outlet 5 is connected with the inlet of the vacuum chamber 29; cooling medium enters from the second medium inlet 24 and exits from the second medium outlet 25, so that the cooling operation of the sewage in the second heat exchange pipe 9 is realized; the second outlet 13, the first outlet 11 and the wastewater main outlet 5 are wrapped with heat insulation materials 27, so that heat exchange of cooled wastewater is avoided, and the effect after refrigeration is ensured; the heat exchange medium is ice water or liquid ammonia or liquid nitrogen; the heat insulation material 27 is asbestos or rock wool or glass fiber; the first heat exchange tube 8 in the first tank 6 is in a spiral structure, so that the heat exchange efficiency and effect can be improved; the second heat exchange tube 9 in the second tank 7 has a spiral structure, so that the heat exchange efficiency and effect can be improved; valves 26 which enable the first inlet 10, the first outlet 11, the second inlet 12 and the second outlet 13 to be connected in parallel are further arranged on the first inlet 10, the first outlet 11, the second inlet 12 and the second outlet 13, and the independent operation of the first tank body 6 and the second tank body 7 can be realized through the opening and closing control of the valves 26, so that the stability and the reliability of the operation are improved;

although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.