阅读说明：本技术 一种耐酸性腐蚀的混凝土及其制备方法和应用 (Acid corrosion resistant concrete and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 邹阳 赵超 廖海军 宋小军 于 2021-08-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及混凝土领域,具体涉及一种耐酸性腐蚀的混凝土及其制备方法和应用。本发明公开了一种耐酸性腐蚀的混凝土,由以下质量百分比计的组分组成：抗硫酸盐水泥14％-15.5％,粉煤灰1.7％-2.8％,微硅粉0.8％-1.9％,花岗岩碎石42.5％-43.6％,花岗岩砂31.1％-31.6％,减水剂0.3％-0.4％,水6.7％-6.9％。使用上述原料制备得到的耐酸性腐蚀的混凝土耐醋酸腐蚀效果优于普通混凝土,质量损失较小,强度损失能减少30％以上,对环境无不良影响,可以达到酿酒车间的特殊要求。(The invention relates to the field of concrete, in particular to acid corrosion resistant concrete and a preparation method and application thereof. The invention discloses acid corrosion resistant concrete which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 14 to 15.5 percent of sulfate-resistant cement, 1.7 to 2.8 percent of fly ash, 0.8 to 1.9 percent of silica fume, 42.5 to 43.6 percent of granite broken stone, 31.1 to 31.6 percent of granite sand, 0.3 to 0.4 percent of water reducing agent and 6.7 to 6.9 percent of water. The acid corrosion resistant concrete prepared by the raw materials has better acetic acid corrosion resistance than common concrete, has less mass loss, can reduce the strength loss by more than 30 percent, has no adverse effect on the environment, and can meet the special requirements of wine making workshops.)

1. The acid corrosion resistant concrete is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 14 to 15.5 percent of sulfate-resistant cement, 1.7 to 2.8 percent of fly ash, 0.8 to 1.9 percent of silica fume, 42.5 to 43.6 percent of granite broken stone, 31.1 to 31.6 percent of granite sand, 0.3 to 0.4 percent of water reducing agent and 6.7 to 6.9 percent of water.

2. The acid corrosion resistant concrete according to claim 1, wherein the acid corrosion resistant concrete consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 15.3 percent of sulfate-resistant cement, 1.8 percent of fly ash, 0.9 percent of silica fume, 43.4 percent of granite broken stone, 31.6 percent of granite sand, 0.3 percent of water reducing agent and 6.7 percent of water.

3. An acid corrosion resistant concrete according to claim 1 or 2 wherein said sulfate resistant cement is a high sulfate resistant cement.

4. The acid corrosion-resistant concrete according to claim 3, wherein the water reducing agent is at least one of lignosulfonate water reducing agents, naphthalene superplasticizers, melamine superplasticizers, sulfamate superplasticizers, fatty acid superplasticizers and polycarboxylate superplasticizers.

5. The acid corrosion resistant concrete of claim 4, wherein said fly ash is a first grade fly ash having a particle size of 8-12 μm.

6. The acid corrosion resistant concrete according to claim 5, wherein the average particle size of the silica fume is 0.16-0.19 μm.

7. The acid corrosion resistant concrete of claim 6, wherein the granite crushed stone is prepared by crushing granite by a jaw wall breaking machine or a cone wall breaking machine, and the particle size of the granite crushed stone is 5-30 mm.

8. The acid corrosion resistant concrete of claim 7, wherein the granite sand is prepared from granite by crushing with a jaw wall breaking machine or a cone wall breaking machine and then passing through a sand making machine, and the particle size of the granite sand is 0.05-0.25 mm.

9. The preparation method of the acid corrosion resistant concrete is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: weighing water, sulfate-resistant cement, fly ash, granite sand, granite broken stone, a water reducing agent and micro silicon powder according to the mass percentage of the components in any one of claims 1 to 8;

s2: uniformly mixing the anti-sulfate cement, the fly ash, the micro silicon powder and the water weighed in the S1 in a stirrer to obtain a cementing material;

s3: adding the granite macadam and granite sand weighed in the S1 into a stirrer, and stirring for 20-40S;

s4: and finally, adding the water reducing agent weighed in the S1 into a stirrer, stirring for 30-60S, and pouring into a mold for curing to obtain the acid corrosion resistant concrete.

10. Use of acid corrosion resistant concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 8 for the production of a brewery plant or the environment surrounding a brewery.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of concrete, in particular to acid corrosion resistant concrete and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

Concrete material was one of the important materials for construction of construction works, which was originally found in portland in the uk in 1824 during the course of actual construction, and which was originally used and invented as an application standard for cement. The history of concrete materials is hundreds of years away from modern application, and the application range and the application level of the concrete materials are continuously developed along with the innovative development of the building industry. Since the 20 th century, the construction method and the construction mode of the construction engineering all over the world realize great innovation and change, and in the development process of the Chinese modern building industry, the concrete material becomes an important material for construction and construction of the construction engineering of bridges, houses, roads and the like in China. So far, the application of concrete materials has become an important material which cannot be separated in the construction of constructional engineering, and if the concrete materials are far away, the whole engineering structure cannot be constructed and the engineering quality cannot be effectively guaranteed. It can be said that the application of concrete materials in the construction industry is an important sign of innovation change of the construction industry all over the world. The number of various raw materials for concrete production is very large. In the process of applying a large amount of concrete in the building industry of China, the quantity of concrete raw materials shows a trend of increasing continuously in recent years, especially at the moment of modernization and urbanization development, the scale of building engineering is continuously enlarged, and the application quantity of the concrete shows a trend of increasing sharply. In the process of applying concrete materials in China at present, along with the continuous improvement of the development level of modern science and technology, concrete is used as a main construction material in the construction industry, and the application of the concrete has the advantages of high strength, high durability, crack resistance, shearing resistance and the like. However, as far as the current development is concerned, in the process of practical application of concrete, green and high-performance concrete is still the most popular one in the current concrete application market based on the great trend of socioeconomic development.

The traditional acid-resistant concrete generally utilizes water glass and a hardening agent as a cementing material, and the concrete has good acid resistance but has great influence on the surrounding environment. Some specific environments have high requirements, for example, a wine factory and wine brewing workshop is an acetic acid environment, and materials such as water glass and preservatives can have negative effects on the quality of wine, so that the water glass and the preservatives cannot be used in concrete in the wine factory and wine brewing workshop environment, and a green and environment-friendly concrete is urgently needed to be suitable for the environment.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides acid corrosion resistant concrete and a preparation method thereof.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the acid corrosion resistant concrete comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 14 to 15.5 percent of sulfate-resistant cement, 1.7 to 2.8 percent of fly ash, 0.8 to 1.9 percent of silica fume, 42.5 to 43.6 percent of granite broken stone, 31.1 to 31.6 percent of granite sand, 0.3 to 0.4 percent of water reducing agent and 6.7 to 6.9 percent of water.

The invention relates to acid corrosion resistant concrete which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 15.3 percent of sulfate-resistant cement, 1.8 percent of fly ash, 0.9 percent of silica fume, 43.4 percent of granite broken stone, 31.6 percent of granite sand, 0.3 percent of water reducing agent and 6.7 percent of water.

According to the acid corrosion resistant concrete, the sulfate-resistant cement is high sulfate-resistant cement.

The acid corrosion resistant concrete is characterized in that the water reducing agent is at least one of lignosulfonate water reducing agents, naphthalene high-efficiency water reducing agents, melamine high-efficiency water reducing agents, sulfamate high-efficiency water reducing agents, fatty acid high-efficiency water reducing agents and polycarboxylate high-efficiency water reducing agents.

The acid corrosion resistant concrete is prepared from fly ash as a first-grade fly ash, wherein the particle size of the fly ash is 8-12 mu m.

The average grain diameter of the micro silicon powder is 0.16-0.19 mu m.

The acid corrosion resistant concrete is prepared by crushing granite by a jaw wall breaking machine or a cone wall breaking machine, wherein the particle size of the granite crushed stone is 5-30 mm.

The granite sand is prepared by crushing granite through a jaw wall breaking machine or a conical wall breaking machine and then passing through a sand making machine, wherein the particle size of the granite sand is 0.05-0.25 mm.

A preparation method of acid corrosion resistant concrete comprises the following steps:

s1: weighing water, sulfate-resistant cement, fly ash, granite sand, granite broken stone, a water reducing agent and micro silicon powder according to the mass percentage of the components;

s2: uniformly mixing the anti-sulfate cement, the fly ash, the micro silicon powder and the water weighed in the S1 in a stirrer to obtain a cementing material;

s3: adding the granite macadam and granite sand weighed in the S1 into a stirrer, and stirring for 20-40S;

s4: and finally, adding the water reducing agent weighed in the S1 into a stirrer, stirring for 30-60S, and pouring into a mold for curing to obtain the acid corrosion resistant concrete.

The application of the acid corrosion resistant concrete is characterized in that the acid corrosion resistant concrete can be used in winery brewing workshops or winery surrounding environments.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. granite broken stones and granite sand are used for replacing pebbles and natural river sand, sulfate-resistant cement is used for replacing ordinary portland cement, and silica fume is added, so that the concrete prepared through synergistic effect has better acetic acid corrosion resistance effect than ordinary concrete, the mass loss is smaller, and the strength loss can be reduced by more than 30%.

2. The proportion of each component of the concrete raw material is optimized, the cost of the raw material is controlled, and the acetic acid corrosion resistance effect of the prepared acid corrosion resistance concrete is guaranteed; the prepared concrete has no adverse effect on the environment, is green and safe and can meet the special requirements of brewing workshops.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of mass loss tests of four test pieces immersed in 1mol/L acetic acid solution;

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of mass loss tests of four test pieces immersed in 0.1mol/L acetic acid solution;

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of mass loss tests of four test pieces immersed in 0.01mol/L acetic acid solution;

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of mass loss tests of four test pieces immersed in 0.001mol/L acetic acid solution;

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the results of a strength loss test in which four test pieces were immersed in a 1mol/L acetic acid solution;

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of the strength loss test of four test pieces immersed in 0.1mol/L acetic acid solution;

FIG. 7 is a graph showing the results of the strength loss test of four test pieces immersed in 0.01mol/L acetic acid solution;

FIG. 8 is a graph showing the results of the strength loss test of four test pieces immersed in 0.001mol/L acetic acid solution;

wherein, the proportion of No. 1: a test block 1; no. 2 mixing ratio: a test block 2; no. 3 mixing ratio: a test block 3; no. 4 mixing ratio: and (4) a test block.

Detailed Description

In order to clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement the technical means according to the content of the specification, the following embodiments are further described in detail in the following, which are used for illustrating the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Four types of concrete test blocks with different mix proportions and acid corrosion resistance are prepared, namely a test block 1, a test block 2, a test block 3 and a test block 4, and the concrete steps are as follows:

TABLE 1 four test block raw materials and mixing ratio

In the selection of the sulfate-resistant cement, the invention compares the data of the strength of the concrete prepared by the high sulfate-resistant cement and the medium sulfate-resistant cement, and finds that the strength of the acid-resistant concrete prepared by the high sulfate-resistant cement is 12 percent higher after the acid-resistant concrete prepared by the high sulfate-resistant cement and the acid-resistant concrete prepared by the medium sulfate-resistant cement are soaked in acetic acid for 28D, so the high sulfate-resistant cement is selected.

The fly ash can be mixed with cement hydration products Ca (OH)₂The reaction forms a product with similar composition and mechanical property with C-S-H gel, and can reduce the volume and the aperture of capillary pores and improve the strength of concrete, and when large-volume concrete is poured, the fly ash is used for partially replacing cement, so that the hydration heat of the concrete can be reduced, and the generation of temperature cracks can be reduced. The contribution of the fly ash to the concrete is mainly shown in three major effects, namely a volcanic ash effect, a micro-aggregate effect and a morphological effect. The fly ash used for preparing the acid corrosion resistant concrete test block is first-grade fly ash, and the particle size of the fly ash is 8-12 mu m. As the fly ash has great influence on the quality of the concrete, the selection of the fly ash is compared and tested, and the invention finds that when the fly ash is first-grade fly ash, namely the particle size is 8-12 mu m, the prepared concrete has small strength loss and good acid corrosion resistance effect.

The silica powder has stronger pozzolan activity, smaller particle size and larger specific surface area, and can improve the performances of hardened cement paste and concrete to a great extent, thereby improving the microstructure of the hardened cement paste, enhancing the strength of the concrete and improving the performance of the concrete. Through comparison tests, the use amount and the particle size of the silicon powder have influence on the performance of the prepared concrete, and the particle size is controlled within the range of 0.16-0.19 mu m, so that the strength loss of the prepared concrete is low, the acid corrosion resistance effect is good, and the acid corrosion resistance effect is reduced beyond the range.

The granite broken stone is prepared by crushing granite through a jaw wall breaking machine or a cone wall breaking machine. Because the toughness of the granite material is high, the strength of the granite broken stone prepared by crushing is also high, so that the strength of concrete can be improved by using the granite broken stone as the concrete aggregate. Multiple acid-resistant comparison tests show that when the particle size of the granite macadam is 5-30mm, the prepared concrete has low strength loss and good acid corrosion resistance.

Granite sand is prepared from granite through crushing by jaw or conic wall breaking machine and sand making machine. Because the granite material has high toughness, the prepared granite sand has high strength, and the prepared concrete has good strength. Multiple acid-resistant comparative tests show that when the particle size of the granite sand is within the range of 0.05-0.25mm, the prepared concrete has low strength loss and good acid corrosion resistance.

The preparation process of the acid corrosion resistant concrete comprises the following steps:

s1: respectively weighing water, sulfate-resistant cement, fly ash, granite sand, granite broken stone, polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, micro silicon powder and preservative according to the raw materials and the mixing ratio;

s2: uniformly mixing the anti-sulfate cement, the fly ash, the micro silicon powder and the water weighed in the S1 in a stirrer to obtain a cementing material;

s3: adding the granite macadam and granite sand weighed in the S1 into a stirrer, and stirring for 20-40S;

s4: and finally, adding the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and the preservative weighed in the S1 into a stirrer, stirring for 30-60S, and pouring into a mold for curing to obtain the acid corrosion resistant concrete.

Example 2

Detecting the mass loss and strength loss conditions of the four test blocks

The common concrete has no relevant standard specification for acid-resistant corrosion detection, and the scheme refers to a method for testing the resistance to chloride ion and sulfate corrosion in national standard GB/T50082-2009 Standard test method for the long-term performance and durability of common concrete and GB50212-2014 Standard construction for building anti-corrosion engineering, and detects four concrete test blocks with acid-resistant corrosion prepared in example 1.

1. Preparing acetic acid solutions with different concentrations in the step 4 as experimental solutions, wherein the experimental solutions are as follows:

TABLE 2 four acetic acid solutions of different concentrations

	Concentration of acetic acid	pH value
			Solution 1	1mol/L	2.38
Solution 2	0.1mol/L	2.88
			Solution 3	0.01mol/L	3.38
Solution 4	0.001mol/L	3.88

2. The test method comprises the following steps:

after standard curing is carried out on the four acid corrosion resistant concrete test blocks prepared in the example 1 for 26 days, the concrete test blocks are dried and cooled to room temperature within 48 hours, and then the concrete test blocks are respectively placed into the four acetic acid solutions to be soaked for 7d, 14d, 21d and 28d, and the rest is done, the soaking time is 63d, and the soaking temperature is kept at 20-25 ℃. Testing the quality loss condition of each group of test blocks by taking 7d as a cycle, and observing the surface change of the test blocks by using a crack observer to determine whether cracks, bulging, crisp generation, corner falling and the like exist; 28d and 63d detect loss of concrete strength.

When the concentration of the acetic acid solution is 1mol/L, the mass loss and strength loss of the four test pieces are shown in Table 3, the time-dependent line graph of the mass loss is shown in FIG. 1, and the time-dependent line graph of the strength loss is shown in FIG. 5.

When the concentration of the acetic acid solution was 0.1mol/L, the mass loss and strength loss of the four test pieces are shown in Table 4, the time-dependent line graph of the mass loss is shown in FIG. 2, and the time-dependent line graph of the strength loss is shown in FIG. 6.

When the concentration of the acetic acid solution was 0.01mol/L, the mass loss and strength loss of the four test pieces are shown in Table 5, the time-dependent line graph of the mass loss is shown in FIG. 3, and the time-dependent line graph of the strength loss is shown in FIG. 7.

When the concentration of the acetic acid solution was 0.001mol/L, the mass loss and strength loss of the four test pieces are shown in Table 6, the time-dependent line graph of the mass loss is shown in FIG. 4, and the time-dependent line graph of the strength loss is shown in FIG. 8.

TABLE 3 Mass loss and Strength loss of four test pieces soaked in acetic acid solution at pH 2.38

TABLE 4 Mass loss and Strength loss of four test pieces soaked in acetic acid solution at pH 2.88

TABLE 5 Mass loss and Strength loss of four test pieces soaked in acetic acid solution at pH 3.38

TABLE 6 Mass loss and Strength loss of four test pieces soaked in acetic acid solution at pH 3.88

Example 3

Ordinary concrete test blocks were prepared according to the raw materials and mix ratios in table 7.

TABLE 7 raw materials and compounding ratio of common concrete test block

The steps for preparing the common concrete test block are as follows:

s1: respectively weighing water, P.O425 cement, fly ash, natural river sand, pebble broken stone, polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, micro silicon powder and preservative according to the raw materials and the mixing ratio;

s2: uniformly mixing the P.O425 cement, the fly ash, the micro silicon powder and the water weighed in the S1 in a stirrer to obtain a cementing material;

s3: adding the pebble crushed stones and the natural river sand weighed in the S1 into a stirrer, and stirring for 20-40S;

s4: and finally, adding the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and the preservative weighed in the S1 into a stirrer, stirring for 30-60S, and pouring into a mold for curing to obtain the acid corrosion resistant concrete.

The test block 1 and the common concrete test block are soaked in 1mol/L acetic acid solution, and the initial, 28d and 90d mass loss and strength loss conditions are respectively measured, and are shown in the following table:

table 8 comparative experiment of test block 1 and common concrete test block in 1mol/L acetic acid solution

The concrete qualification evaluation index is as follows: the concrete compressive strength corrosion resistance coefficient of up to 75 percent can be regarded as the concrete acid resistance performance meeting the requirement (note: the concrete frost resistance and the sulfate erosion resistance performance both take the strength loss rate of not more than 25 percent as the judgment basis), and the quality loss rate of not more than 5 percent. And the concrete surface does not have the phenomena of cracks, bulging, crisp generation, corner drop and the like.

The following conclusions can be analyzed from examples 1 to 3:

1. the data of mass loss and strength loss in comparative examples 1-2, and considering the raw material cost issue, test block 1 is taken as a preferred example.

2. In the first stage of test (curing 26D + acetic acid soaking 28D), according to data analysis, strength loss is within 25% after four mixing ratio test blocks are soaked in 1mol/L acetic acid solution for 28 days, mass loss is within 5%, the effect of adding the preservative into the test block 2 is not obvious, namely, the preservative added into the raw materials has no effect on acid corrosion resistance of concrete, the mass loss of the four mixing ratio test blocks in acetic acid solutions with other concentrations is within 1%, and part of the four mixing ratio test blocks have the condition of mass increase; the strength loss is not obvious, and no adverse effect on the strength loss can be judged according to the result.

3. The second stage test (various concentrations of acetic acid soaking 35D, total soaking time 63 days, more than 2 months) can obtain that the strength loss of four mixing ratios after soaking in 1mol/L acetic acid solution for 28 days is not more than 25%, and the mass loss is within 5%. The mass change of other concentrations is small and the intensity is increased, conforming to the expected design.

4. The comparative test of example 3 can show that the acid corrosion resistant concrete prepared by the invention has better acetic acid corrosion resistance than common concrete, the quality loss is less, and the strength loss can be reduced by more than 30%.

Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosed invention. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.

It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.