阅读说明：本技术 喇叭形膜土分离装置 (Horn-shaped membrane soil separation device ) 是由 张亚新 于 2019-11-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种喇叭形膜土分离装置,由喇叭形壳体、膜土混合物入口、进风口、月牙形隔板、残膜飞出口以及土块排出口组成,喇叭形壳体后侧设置有进风口；喇叭形壳体后侧上部设置有膜土混合物入口,喇叭形壳体前侧内部安装有月牙形隔板；月牙形隔板上侧为残膜飞出口；月牙形隔板下侧为土块排出口。本发明的有益效果是结构相对简单、可靠性高、可以连续高效的进行残膜除土操作,满足残膜捡拾机膜土分离的功能需求。(The invention discloses a horn-shaped membrane-soil separation device which consists of a horn-shaped shell, a membrane-soil mixture inlet, an air inlet, a crescent partition plate, a residual membrane flying outlet and a soil block outlet, wherein the air inlet is formed in the rear side of the horn-shaped shell; a membrane soil mixture inlet is formed in the upper part of the rear side of the horn-shaped shell, and a crescent partition plate is arranged in the front side of the horn-shaped shell; the upper side of the crescent clapboard is provided with a residual film flying outlet; the lower side of the crescent clapboard is provided with a soil block outlet. The invention has the advantages of relatively simple structure, high reliability, continuous and efficient residual film soil removal operation and capability of meeting the functional requirement of film soil separation of the residual film picking machine.)

1. A horn-shaped membrane-soil separation device comprises a horn-shaped shell (1), a membrane-soil mixture inlet (2), an air inlet (3), a crescent partition plate (4), a residual membrane flying outlet (5) and a soil block outlet (6); the method is characterized in that: an air inlet (3) is formed in the rear side of the horn-shaped shell (1), and a membrane soil mixture inlet (2) is formed in the upper portion of the rear side of the horn-shaped shell (1); a crescent clapboard (4) is arranged inside the front side of the horn-shaped shell (1); the upper side of the crescent partition plate (4) is provided with a residual film flying outlet (5), and the lower side of the crescent partition plate (4) is provided with a soil block outlet (6).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and relates to a horn-shaped membrane soil separation device suitable for a farmland residual membrane recovery and cleaning machine.

Background

Since the last century, with the rapid development of the plastic industry, the plastic film mulching cultivation technology is widely applied to the fields, has the advantages of preserving heat, preserving soil moisture, inhibiting weed growth, improving soil aggregate structure, increasing crop yield and the like, and is the most effective yield increasing means in the current agricultural production. The mulching film technology is used in europe, the united states and japan since the fifties of the last century, and is rapidly widely used in the world due to remarkable economic benefits, but the agricultural plastic film is extremely difficult to degrade under natural conditions, and if the mulching film is left in soil, a series of serious damages are caused to the agricultural production, so that the mulching film must be timely recycled. At present, the mulching film coverage area and the usage amount of the mulching film are the first in China, the application of the mulching film technology is particularly wide in northeast and northwest areas of China, the cultivated land area of China using the mulching film has hundreds of millions of hectares, the annual mulching film usage amount also reaches millions of tons, and the mulching film becomes one of the essential agricultural production data in agricultural production of China. Because of the price factor, most of the plastic film materials used in China are polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride. The material is not easy to degrade even if being stored in soil for hundreds of years, and a large amount of residual film fragments are left in the soil during recovery, so that the water circulation is not smooth, the soil and air exchange is blocked, microorganisms in the soil are difficult to survive, the soil is hardened, salinization of the soil can be caused in some areas, the crop yield is greatly reduced, particularly, the saline soil is visible everywhere in the field after being blown, buried or burned, the living environment and the air quality of farmers are seriously polluted, and finally, the serious white pollution is caused.

At present, the domestic residual membrane recovery methods mainly comprise 3 methods, namely manual picking, use of a degradation membrane and mechanical recovery. The manual picking has the defects of low efficiency, large labor capacity, limited operation range and the like, and can not recover residual films buried in deep soil. The recycling mode is gradually eliminated along with the reduction of labor force and the improvement of the level of agricultural machinery. The degradable film is a novel environment-friendly mulching film, is mainly prepared by mixing plastic particle master batch and biodegradable master batch, and can be excellently decomposed into soil after being used; however, the degradable film has high cost and immature technology, is difficult to be accepted by broad farmers, particularly small and medium-sized farmers at the present stage, and is limited in domestic popularization. The mechanized recovery mode has the advantages of high efficiency and low cost, and the defects of two recovery modes of manual recovery and degradation membrane are overcome to a great extent. The research on the residual film recycling machinery in China starts earlier, and the earliest related patents can be traced back to the eighties of the last century. Research has been carried out to date, and various residual film recycling machines and tools have been developed, tested and popularized. Nevertheless, the residual film pollution phenomenon is still severe, the problems of low recovery rate of the residual film recycling machine and the like can not be solved well all the time, and most of areas still rely on manual residual film picking. In order to further improve the residual film recycling quality, the functional parts of the existing residual film recycling machine need to be researched systematically, carded and summarized in the structural characteristics and the operation principle, so as to provide guidance for further design and optimization of the residual film recycling machine.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to meet the requirement of recovering and cleaning the residual films in the farmland, a horn-shaped film and soil separating device is developed, and the device can separate soil blocks doped in the residual films picked up by the residual film picking machine.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a horn-shaped membrane-soil separation device comprises a horn-shaped shell, a membrane-soil mixture inlet, an air inlet, a crescent partition plate, a residual membrane outlet and a soil block outlet, wherein the air inlet is formed in the rear side of the horn-shaped shell; a membrane soil mixture inlet is formed in the upper part of the rear side of the horn-shaped shell, and a crescent partition plate is arranged in the front side of the horn-shaped shell; the upper side of the crescent clapboard is provided with a residual film flying outlet; the lower side of the crescent clapboard is provided with a soil block outlet.

The invention has the advantages of relatively simple structure, high reliability, continuous and efficient residual film soil removal operation and capability of meeting the functional requirement of film soil separation of the residual film picking machine.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

throughout the drawings, like reference numerals refer to like structures or elements, wherein:

1. the device comprises a horn-shaped shell, 2. a membrane soil mixture inlet, 3. an air inlet, 4. a crescent partition plate, 5. a residual membrane flying outlet and 6. a soil block outlet.

Detailed Description

The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

In the figures 1 and 2, an air inlet (3) is arranged at the rear side of a horn-shaped shell (1), and a membrane soil mixture inlet (2) is arranged at the upper part of the rear side of the horn-shaped shell (1); a crescent clapboard (4) is arranged inside the front side of the horn-shaped shell (1); the upper side of the crescent partition plate (4) is provided with a residual film flying outlet (5), and the lower side of the crescent partition plate (4) is provided with a soil block outlet (6).