阅读说明：本技术 一种圩区水循环稻田面源污染治理系统 (Polder area water circulation paddy field non-point source pollution treatment system ) 是由 唐达 赵红书 史国坤 李楠 俞幸池 童元雄 毛思禹 于 2021-08-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种圩区水循环稻田面源污染治理系统,包括圩区；所述圩区由圩堤、圩区闸站、圩外河道和圩内河道组成；圩外河道和圩内河道连通处有圩区闸站；在圩区内有由田埂隔断构成、方向垂直于圩内河道的田块；田块内农作物灌溉通过灌溉泵站和灌溉管道从圩内河道引水,田块内农田退水经由生态沟渠退至圩内河道,构成水循环。本发明能充分利用圩区特点,形成相对封闭的水体环境,在圩区内水体实现循环利用；结合数字化控制的精准灌排系统和绿色防控系统,日常工况下可循环利用水和养分,降低农业生产的灌溉用水量、化肥使用量和药物使用量,减少面源污染负荷,在暴雨工况保证农田退水有序排放到圩外河道,减少对地表水环境的影响。(The invention provides a paddy field non-point source pollution treatment system with water circulation in a polder area, which comprises the polder area; the polder area consists of a polder levee, a polder area gate station, an outside river channel and an inside river channel; a polder area gate station is arranged at the communicating part of the river channel outside the polder and the river channel inside the polder; a field block which is formed by ridge partitions and is vertical to the river channel in the polder is arranged in the polder area; water is drained from the polder river channel through an irrigation pump station and an irrigation pipeline in the field for irrigation of crops in the field, and the farmland drainage water in the field is drained to the polder river channel through the ecological ditch to form water circulation. The polder area water body recycling method can fully utilize the characteristics of the polder area to form a relatively closed water body environment, and the water body in the polder area is recycled; the irrigation and drainage system is combined with a digital control accurate irrigation and drainage system and a green prevention and control system, water and nutrients can be recycled under daily working conditions, the irrigation water consumption, the fertilizer usage and the drug usage of agricultural production are reduced, the non-point source pollution load is reduced, the farmland drainage is guaranteed to be orderly discharged to river channels outside the polder under the rainstorm working condition, and the influence on the surface water environment is reduced.)

1. The polder area water circulation rice field non-point source pollution treatment system comprises a polder area and is characterized in that: the polder area consists of a polder levee (3), a polder area gate station (4), an outside river channel (1) and an inside river channel (2); a polder area gate station (4) is arranged at the communication part of the river channel (1) outside the polder and the river channel (2) inside the polder; a field block (14) which is formed by separating ridges (11) and is vertical to the river channel (2) in the polder is arranged in the polder area; crops in the field (14) are irrigated and are guided from the river channel (2) in the polder through an irrigation pump station (5) and an irrigation pipeline (7), and the farmland drainage in the field (14) is returned to the river channel (2) in the polder through an ecological ditch (6) to form water circulation.

2. The polder area water circulation rice field non-point source pollution treatment system of claim 1, wherein: the position where the field (14) and the ecological ditch (6) are connected is provided with a remote control drainage gate (8).

3. The polder area water circulation rice field non-point source pollution treatment system of claim 1, wherein: crops are irrigated in the field (14) and are drawn water from the river channel (2) in the polder through an irrigation pump station (5) and an irrigation pipeline (7), and a remote control electric valve (9) is arranged at the joint of the irrigation pipeline (7) and the field (14).

4. The polder area water circulation rice field non-point source pollution treatment system of claim 1, wherein: the field water layer monitor (10) is arranged in the field block (14).

5. The polder area water circulation rice field non-point source pollution treatment system of claim 3, wherein: and an irrigation pump station (5) is arranged at the position of the irrigation pipeline (7) communicated with the river channel (2) in the polder.

6. The polder water circulation paddy field non-point source pollution treatment system as claimed in claim 2, 3, 4 or 5, wherein: the irrigation pumping station (5), the remote control drainage gate (8), the remote control electric valve (9) and the field water layer monitor (10) are internally provided with wireless communication modules.

7. The polder area water circulation rice field non-point source pollution treatment system of claim 1, wherein: and water ecological restoration measures (13) are arranged in the river channel (2) in the polder.

8. The polder area water circulation rice field non-point source pollution treatment system of claim 1, wherein: solar insecticidal lamps (12) are arranged in the field pieces (14).

9. The polder area water circulation rice field non-point source pollution treatment system of claim 1, wherein: and plants with flowering plants are planted on the ridges (11).

Technical Field

The invention relates to a paddy field non-point source pollution treatment system for water circulation in an polder area.

Background

The second national pollution source census result shows that the total amount of agricultural source pollutants in China is still high, the agricultural chemical oxygen demand, the total nitrogen and the total phosphorus emission respectively account for 49.8%, 46.5% and 67.2% of the total amount of water pollutants, the proportion of the planting industry in the total amount of the agricultural sources is outstanding, and the situation of non-point source pollution control is still severe. The non-point source pollution is still a big problem in the current ecological environment and agricultural rural field due to the complex dispersion of the source and the uncertainty and randomness of the emission.

The rice planting area in China is large, statistics shows that the total rice planting area accounts for about 30% of the cultivated land area, the rice field is drained and contains a large amount of N, P elements, and researches show that the excessive content of N, P elements in a water body is a main factor for water body eutrophication. As a main area for rice production in southern areas of China, the water nets are densely distributed, the terrain is relatively flat, rivers and Chinese are criss-cross and threatened by flood disasters for a long time under the influence of upstream water inflow, continuous rainfall and seawater jacking, so that the original low-lying land is changed into a polder which isolates a foreign river and can manually control water inflow and drainage by taking measures such as diking, gate building and the like, and a large number of polars form a polder area. The polder area can ensure that drought energy can be used for guiding and waterlogging energy can be drained, the agricultural production activities are centralized, and the special water body exchange mode in the polder area is easy to accumulate substances such as chemical fertilizers and pesticides, so that the non-point source pollution is serious, and the threat is brought to the water environment standard of the drainage basin.

At present, most of patents for non-point source pollution treatment focus on certain links of water reduction, weight reduction and drug reduction in process interception, terminal treatment and the like or in the agricultural production process, the water recycling is lack of effective realization on the technology, and the water in the polder area cannot be recycled.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a polder region water circulation rice field non-point source pollution treatment system, which can fully utilize the characteristics of the polder region to form a relatively closed water environment and realize the recycling of water in the polder region.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.

The invention provides a polder area water circulation paddy field non-point source pollution treatment system, which comprises a polder area, wherein the polder area consists of a polder levee, a polder area gate station, an outside polder river channel and an inside polder river channel; a polder area gate station is arranged at the communicating part of the river channel outside the polder and the river channel inside the polder; a field block which is formed by ridge partitions and is vertical to the river channel in the polder is arranged in the polder area; water is drained from the polder river channel through an irrigation pump station and an irrigation pipeline in the field for irrigation of crops in the field, and the farmland drainage water in the field is drained to the polder river channel through the ecological ditch to form water circulation.

The position that field piece and ecological irrigation canals and ditches are connected has remote control drainage floodgate.

The crops in the field are irrigated by an irrigation pump station and an irrigation pipeline, and water is led from the water polder, and a remote control electric valve is arranged at the joint of the irrigation pipeline and the ecological ditch.

And a field water layer monitor is arranged in the field block.

The irrigation pipeline is communicated to a river channel in the polder and is provided with an irrigation pump station.

The wireless communication module is arranged in the irrigation pump station, the remote control drainage gate, the remote control electric valve and the field water layer monitor, so that remote and accurate control can be realized.

And water ecological restoration measures are arranged in the river channel in the polder.

Solar pest killing lamps are arranged in the field pieces.

And planting flowering plants on the ridges.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the characteristics of the polder area can be fully utilized to form a relatively closed water body environment, and the water body in the polder area is recycled; under the daily working condition, water and nutrients can be recycled, the irrigation water consumption, the fertilizer usage and the medicine usage of agricultural production are reduced, the non-point source pollution load is reduced, the farmland drainage is ensured to be orderly discharged to river channels outside the polder under the rainstorm working condition, and the influence on the surface water environment is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an installation configuration of at least one embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-an outside river channel, 2-an inside river channel, 3-levee, 4-polder gate station, 5-irrigation pump station, 6-ecological ditch, 7-irrigation pipeline, 8-remote control drainage gate, 9-remote control electric valve, 10-field water layer monitor, 11-ridge, 12-solar insect killing lamp, 13-water ecological restoration measure and 14-field block.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of the claimed invention is not limited to the described.

Example 1

A polder area water circulation paddy field non-point source pollution treatment system as shown in fig. 1 comprises a polder area, wherein the polder area consists of polder levees 3, polder area gate stations 4, an outside river channel 1 and an inside river channel 2; a polder region gate station 4 is arranged at the communication part of the river channel 1 outside the polder and the river channel 2 inside the polder; a field block 14 which is formed by separating ridges 11 and is vertical to the polder river channel 2 is arranged in the polder area; water is drained from the river channel 2 in the polder by irrigating the crops in the field 14 through an irrigation pump station 5 and an irrigation pipeline 7, and the farmland drainage water in the field 14 is drained to the river channel 2 in the polder through an ecological ditch 6, so that water circulation is formed.

Example 2

Based on embodiment 1, and the position of the connection between the field 14 and the ecological ditch 6 is provided with a remote control drainage gate 8.

Example 3

Based on embodiment 1, and crops irrigation in the field 14 is led from the river channel 2 in the polder through the irrigation pump station 5 and the irrigation pipeline 7, and a remote control electric valve 9 is arranged at the joint of the irrigation pipeline 7 and the field 14.

Example 4

Based on example 1, and a field block 14 is provided with a field water layer monitor 10.

Example 5

Based on the embodiment 3, the irrigation pipeline 7 is communicated with the river channel 2 in the polder and is provided with an irrigation pump station 5.

Example 6

Based on embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4 and embodiment 5 to, irrigation pumping station 5, remote control drainage floodgate 8, remote control motorised valve 9, field water layer monitor 10 built-in wireless communication module can realize long-range, accurate control.

Example 7

Based on example 1 and in the inland river 2 there are provided water ecology restore measures 13.

Example 8

Based on example 1, and, a solar pest killing lamp 12 is installed in the field 14.

Example 9

Based on example 1, and the ridge 11 was planted with flowering plants.

Example 10

Based on the above embodiment, in particular, the polder area is composed of the levee 3, the gate 4, the inner river 2 and the outer river 1. The gate station 4 has a drainage and irrigation function, and regulates the water volume in the polder area through drainage (drainage from the polder to the river outside the polder) and irrigation (drainage from the outside of the polder to the river inside the polder).

The accurate irrigation and drainage system comprises modules such as an irrigation pump station 5, an irrigation pipeline 7, a remote control drainage gate 8, a remote control electric valve 9, a field water layer monitor 10 and the like, and a digital management system, wherein wireless control modules are arranged in the irrigation pump station 7, the drainage gate 8, the electric valve 9 and the water layer monitor 10, information can be transmitted to the digital management system, and the digital management system is opened and closed remotely according to water requirements of rice in each growth period and requirements of thin dew irrigation, so that the accurate irrigation and drainage effect is achieved.

The green prevention and control system is realized by planting flowering plants on ridges 11 and arranging solar insect killing lamps 12 in rice fields, and the use amount of pesticides can be effectively reduced.

The ecological ditch intercepting system is provided with the aquatic plants which are suitable for local growth and have strong nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption capacity, pollutants are absorbed and adsorbed through the plants, and meanwhile, the water control facilities are arranged in the ditch, so that the hydraulic retention time can be effectively prolonged.

The ecological repairing measure 13 for the polder river water comprises submerged plants, emergent plants, an ecological floating bed, an aeration device and the like, and further purifies the water quality of the polder river. The polder river channel is not only a receptor for paddy field water withdrawal, but also a water source for paddy field water diversion and irrigation, and forms a virtuous cycle system of 'polder river channel-paddy field-ecological ditch-polder river channel'.

Example 11

Based on the embodiment, the ecological levee comprises an outside river channel, an inside river channel, a levee, a polder gate station, an irrigation pump station, an ecological channel, an irrigation pipeline, a remote control drainage gate, a remote control electric valve, a field water layer monitor, a ridge, a biological insect killing lamp, and an inside river channel water ecological restoration measure and a digital management system; wherein:

the polder river channel and the polder river channel are separated by a levee and a gate station in the polder area, water body exchange of the polder river channel and the polder river channel is realized by the gate station, and water is introduced from the polder river channel to the polder river channel when agricultural irrigation is needed in the polder area; when the raindrop lasts and the polder area has the risk of waterlogging, the water in the polder river channel needs to be pumped and drained to the river channel outside the polder.

The polder area gate station has a drainage and irrigation function, and the water quantity of the polder area is regulated through drainage (drainage from inside the polder to the river channel outside the polder) and irrigation (diversion from outside the polder to the river channel inside the polder).

The irrigation pump station draws water from the polder river channel and delivers the water to each field block through an irrigation pipeline. The pump station is internally provided with a wireless control module which can complete the opening and closing of the water pump after receiving the signal of the digital management system.

The irrigation pump station can be matched with a water and fertilizer integrated facility, differential configuration is carried out according to the growth condition of rice and the fertilizer demand in different growth periods, accurate water and fertilizer consumption proportion is carried out, and balanced fertilization and accurate irrigation are realized.

The irrigation pipe may take the form of a low pressure pipe, open channel, or the like.

The remote control motorised valve is the control node that irrigation pipe and each field are connected, and the motorised valve opens the irrigation of the back and can begin the field, and the motorised valve closes the irrigation of the back end field. A wireless control module is arranged in the electric valve, and a digital management system can transmit signals to remotely control the opening and closing and support manual control of the opening and closing; the remote control electric valve can monitor information such as flow and the like at regular time, and the opening and closing state of the valve is reported in real time; the remote control electric valve can be driven by solar energy.

The built-in laser range finding probe of field water layer monitor can accurately measure the field surface depth of water, and built-in wireless communication system simultaneously can transmit depth of water information to digital management system through wireless communication, and digital management system receives and feeds back to remote control motorised valve and remote control drainage floodgate behind the depth of water information, accomplishes irrigation and drainage process.

The remote control drainage gate is internally installed on a drainage port of a field block and an ecological ditch node, a certain drainage height is set according to different growth periods of rice, when the water level reaches or exceeds a set value, the drainage gate opens to drain water flow of the field block into the ecological ditch, and when the water level is lower than the set value, the drainage gate closes to finish the drainage process. The wireless control module is arranged in the drainage gate, information is transmitted to the digital management system, and the opening and closing of the drainage gate and the opening and closing of local emergency control can be controlled remotely.

The accurate irrigation and drainage system is integrally controlled by a digital management system, comprehensive analysis and calculation are carried out after signals sent by modules such as an irrigation pump station, a remote control electric valve, a field water layer monitor and a remote control drainage gate are collected, the optimal field water depth is adjusted according to different growth time of rice through calculation of a thin dew irrigation model and a rice growth model, a control instruction is sent through an automatic irrigation rule module and a control equipment module, the irrigation gate, a water inlet electric valve, a drainage gate and other modules are controlled to be opened and closed, the field water level is stored in an ideal state, and the accurate irrigation and drainage effect is achieved. The paddy field irrigation adopts a thin dew irrigation mode, namely 'thin water irrigation and normal open field irrigation', for early rice, a dry-wet intermittent irrigation strategy is adopted, the water depth is kept at 10-40mm in the rice green turning period, the field is dried for 3-7 days in the last tillering stage, the water naturally falls off in the yellow maturity stage, the water depth is controlled at 30-40mm in the rest stages, and the water is irrigated again when the water layer is completely consumed and the soil water content is reduced to about 80% of the saturated water content.

The field ridge is built by adopting materials such as soil bodies, bricks, stones and the like according to local conditions, and flowering plants including sesame, zinnia, coreopsis, chrysanthemum thiohuanensis, sunflower and the like are planted on the field ridge.

The solar insect killing lamp is arranged in a paddy field and driven by solar energy, the induction wavelength of the insect is determined by utilizing the characteristics of strong phototaxis, wave axis, color axis and tropism of the insect, the insect is attracted to the light source of the lamp, and the high-pressure killing net is arranged outside the light source to kill the insect. The solar insecticidal lamp and the ecological ridge jointly form a green prevention and control system, and the use amount of pesticides can be effectively reduced.

The ecological ditch is a channel for returning the paddy field backwater to a river channel in the polder, and is characterized in that aquatic plants which are locally suitable for growth and have strong adsorption capacity to nitrogen and phosphorus are arranged in the ditch, pollutants can be absorbed and adsorbed by the plants, and meanwhile, a water control facility is arranged in the ditch, so that the hydraulic retention time can be effectively prolonged. The drainage standard of the ecological ditch is to meet the condition that the water accumulation of the farmland does not exceed the maximum flooding-resistant depth and the flooding-resistant time of crops, and is determined by designing the heavy rain period, the duration of the heavy rain and the drainage time. The rice area can be drained to the submergence-resistant water depth by adopting 1-3 d rainstorm for 3-5 d.

The water ecological restoration measures for the polder river channel comprise submerged plants, emergent plants, ecological floating beds, aeration devices and the like, purify nutrient substances in farmland recession water by utilizing the effects of plant absorption, microbial transformation and precipitation, and simultaneously serve as a water source for paddy field irrigation for the polder river channel to form the recycling of the polder river system. The submerged plants can be selected from Goldfish algae, waterweed, Eisenia, Foliumet sium, and herba Swertiae Dilutae, and can efficiently absorb nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus by means of leaf absorption, inhibit resuspension of sediment and release of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient salts, and promote nitrification and denitrification of nitrogen and phosphorus sedimentation. The area of the submerged plants is not suitable to be less than 20% of the area of the river channel in the polder; the emergent aquatic plants can be reed, cattail, wild rice stem, arundo donax, calamus, canna, thaliana and the like which have flooding resistance and drought resistance, local water quality can be properly improved, collapse of a beach is reduced, meanwhile, the emergent aquatic plants with developed root systems have high growth density and strong interception and purification capacity on water pollutants, and the developed root systems provide excellent habitats for microorganisms and play a role in purifying the microorganisms; the ecological floating bed plants large aquatic plants on a carrier made of high polymer materials, and nutrient substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in water are absorbed into plant bodies through plant roots to be stored and utilized, and meanwhile, the growth of lower algae is inhibited and the metabolism of other aquatic organisms in water is promoted; wherein the aeration device can fill air into the water body, accelerate the water body oxidation process, improve the dissolved oxygen level of the water body, recover and enhance the activity of aerobic microorganisms in the water body, and improve the water quality of the inland river.

The water level of the rice field and the polder river can be reduced according to the forecast rainfall intensity by combining with weather forecast, the circularly purified surface water is pumped and discharged to the river outside the polder through the gate station of the polder area, the storage capacity is reserved for rainfall, particularly initial rainwater, the risk of waterlogging in the polder area is reduced, meanwhile, the farmland water overflows into the river outside the polder, and the environmental quality of the surface water is influenced.

Example 12

Based on the embodiment, the method is particularly applied to the dragon and luck polder area of the Guangcheng of the Pinghu city in Zhejiang province, the polder area consists of levees and 11 gate stations, and farmlands and residents in the polder area are protected from flood invasion in the flood season. The river outside the polder is a wide-aged pond, is a water taking source of a wide-aged water plant in the Pinghu city and an important drinking water source place in the Pinghu city, has a national examination section at the downstream, has relatively high standard reaching pressure on the section of 6-9 months per year, and particularly has a total phosphorus index, and the over standard of the total phosphorus is directly related to agricultural non-point source pollution.

The total area of the rice field in the polder area is about 800 mu. Dividing 800 mu of rice field into a plurality of standard field blocks. The water demand per mu is calculated according to the maximum irrigation quota, the intelligent irrigation and drainage principle of thin, shallow, wet and sunning is adopted for the rice, the purpose of saving water resources is achieved, the traditional irrigation mode of full irrigation with large water is changed, the maximum irrigation quota is calculated according to the one-time maximum irrigation quota of 10cm, and the irrigation quota is 66.7m³The water outlet flow of the DN80 valve is 33m per mu³The irrigation time of one mu of field is about 2 hours, the working time of the irrigation water pump is calculated according to 22 hours every day, the use and the operation are convenient, the irrigation time of a single field can be controlled within one day, and the area of the single field is not more than 11 mu; the land is controlled to be 5-10 mu, meanwhile, the length of the strips is not less than 200m for improving the mechanical utilization rate, when the length of the strip field is 200m, the mechanical utilization efficiency is 87.5% -91.4%, and the larger the strip field is, the higher the mechanical utilization efficiency is.

The field blocks are separated from each other by ridges which are built by soil bodies, the width of each ridge is 30-40 cm, the height of each ridge is 25-30 cm, and the compaction degree is controlled to be more than 90% after manual tamping. The field ridges are used for planting the sesame, the zinnia elegans, the coreopsis, the sulphur chrysanthemum, the sunflower and other flowering plants, and can provide food sources and inhabitation places for natural enemies of pests, so that the natural control capability of the natural enemies on the pests can be effectively improved, and the use amount of chemical pesticides can be reduced.

According to the field distribution condition, for satisfying the demand of field irrigation, reform transform 1 original irrigation pump station to newly-built 1 irrigation pump station, the built-in wireless control module of pump station can accomplish opening and close of water pump after receiving the digital management system signal. The pump station takes water from the inner river canal of the polder, combines the water and fertilizer integration technology to comprehensively consider, adopts external injection type fertilizer application equipment, installs a fertilizer injection pump and a fertilizer tank at the outlet position of the irrigation pump in a bypass mode, and can freely control the fertilizer application time according to the using amount.

The main irrigation pipe is made of polyethylene pipes, the nominal outer diameter is 250mm, the nominal wall thickness is 9.6mm, and the pipes, the pipe fittings and the pipeline accessories are connected in a hot melting connection mode, an electric melting connection mode and a mechanical connection mode.

The irrigation pipe is irrigated to the field piece through the electric valve, and every field piece sets up 1 department's motorised valve. The LORA wireless control module is arranged in the remote control electric valve, the water flow switch can feed back signals transmitted by a digital management system and support manual electronic switch control, and the flow range is 5-100m³/h。

The remote control drainage gate is arranged on drainage ports of field blocks and ecological ditch nodes, 1 drainage gate is arranged on each field block, and the external dimension of a water outlet is 300mm x 400mm x 300 mm; the water level height adjusting range is 0-30 cm; the wireless control module is arranged in the drainage gate, information is transmitted to the digital management system, the opening and closing of the drainage gate can be controlled remotely, and manual control is supported.

1 field water layer precision measuring instrument is arranged at the central position of each field. The field water layer precision measuring instrument adopts a non-contact (mm-level) measuring mode, a laser ranging probe is arranged in the field water layer precision measuring instrument, a wireless communication intelligent execution system is assembled, and a field wireless communication execution terminal controls a water layer radar to execute precision measurement and feeds back measurement data to a digital management system.

The intelligent irrigation and drainage system is matched with an information management system, the management system receives data (including modules such as an irrigation pump station, a remote control electric valve, a field water layer monitor and a remote control drainage gate) collected based on the Internet of things in real time, various model operations are automatically executed, and control instructions are sent to wireless control nodes of the Internet of things in a GPRS (general packet radio service) mode and the like, so that agricultural equipment such as a ditch gate, a water pump, an electromagnetic valve and a drainage gate in a corresponding area is automatically opened and closed. The user can send an instruction through a PC, an iPad or a mobile phone terminal to realize accurate and automatic control of rice field irrigation, realize unmanned field patrol and automatic irrigation management control, save labor time and improve agricultural production management efficiency.

And (3) by combining with weather forecast, actively pumping and draining circularly purified water in the river channels and the rice fields in the polder to river channels outside the polder before rainstorm comes, reserving storage capacity for rainfall, particularly initial rainwater with more nitrogen and phosphorus elements, and reducing influence on the environmental quality of the water in the vast old pond as far as possible. By combining the information of the levee elevation, the residential building elevation, the paddy field block elevation and the like in the Longxing polder area, when the rainfall intensity does not exceed rainstorm, the polder can be prevented from overflowing and waterlogging in the river channel, the influence on the wide and old polder in the river channel is minimized, and the method can control the rainfall scale of a single field of 100 mm.

The solar insect killing lamps are arranged in the paddy field, 1 frequency vibration type solar insect killing lamp is arranged in 20-50 mu per square, and 35 lamps are arranged in total. The method is characterized in that brown planthoppers, rice leaf hoppers, banded sclerotial blight, false smut and bakanae disease are mainly prevented and controlled in a single-season rice area in the plain lake, rice blast, centipede, rice thrips and other pests are concerned, the frequency of a trapping light source is set to be 365-680 nm, the pests are attracted to the light source of the lamp by utilizing the characteristics of strong phototaxis, wave-like, color-like and taxis of the pests, a high-pressure shock killing net is arranged outside the light source, the pests are killed, and the application amount of field pesticides can be reduced.

The ecological ditch is improved on the basis of the original ditch, the section of the ecological ditch is trapezoidal and rectangular, the ratio of the ditch bottom is reduced to 1/6000-1/20000, a plurality of check brakes are arranged in the ditch to prolong the hydraulic retention time, a plurality of filter boxes which are arranged in an S shape and are provided with holes on four walls and filled with adsorbing materials with strong nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption capacity are arranged at the bottom of the ditch, plants with strong nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption capacity are planted in the filter boxes, and calamus, iris, Trapa japonica, reed and the like are selected in the implementation process.

The polder river channel is not only a receptor for paddy field water withdrawal, but also a water source for paddy field water diversion irrigation, is a virtuous cycle system for constructing a polder river channel-paddy field-ecological ditch-polder river channel, and needs to further purify the polder river channel water for realizing the irrigation drainage cycle reuse and the effective control of surface source pollution in the whole irrigation area. The average water depth of the polder river is 2.5m, the average river width is 10m, aquatic plants and emergent aquatic plants are planted in the polder river, an emergent aquatic plant community (the water depth range of 0.5 m) is constructed along a river bank zone, yellow calamus, yerbadetajo herba ecliptae, Thymus rosenbergii and Arundina lobata are planted, and the planting density of the yellow calamus is 20-25 plants/m²The planting density of the droughtonia-meyeriana is 9-12 plants/m²The planting density of the Thalia dealbata is 20 plants/m²The planting density of the floral leaf giant reed is 12-16 clusters/m²(ii) a Submerged plant communities (2m water depth range) are constructed in riverwaysRound), planting tape grass, hydrilla verticillata and foxtail algae, the planting density of the tape grass is 100-²The planting density of the hydrilla verticillata is 100-²The planting density of the foxtail algae is 120-150 strains/m²(ii) a The planting area of the aquatic plants accounts for about 20% of the total area of the riverway in the polder; the ecological floating bed body is formed by splicing 330 x 330mm polyethylene mesh sheets and adopts straight 12-15 clusters/m²(ii) a The aeration device adopts a fountain aerator with the power of 750W, and an angle iron bracket is adopted for fixing, so that the dissolved oxygen level of the water body can be improved.

Thus, the present invention:

(1) the characteristics of the polder area are fully utilized to form a relatively closed water body environment, the water body in the polder area is recycled, the irrigation water consumption can be effectively reduced by combining a precise irrigation and drainage system, the application amount of chemical fertilizers can be reduced by recycling the water, the application amount of pesticides can be reduced by green prevention and control measures such as a frequency vibration type insecticidal lamp and the like, and the non-point source pollution intensity is reduced;

(2) the orderly drainage of farmland drainage can be realized during rainstorm, the purified polder drainage system is discharged in advance to reserve space for initial rainwater and the like, and the influence of a polder area on the surface water environment quality of the polder river is reduced;

(3) the use amount of agricultural consumables such as fertilizers and medicines can be emphasized in the production link, and the rice has higher quality and generates more economic benefits;

(4) the technology of Internet of things and digital control is introduced into the irrigation system, and the irrigation system is linked with digital agriculture, so that the labor time is saved, the labor intensity is reduced, the production cost is saved, and the agricultural production management efficiency and the modernization level are improved;

(5) water ecological restoration measures comprising submerged plants, emergent plants, an ecological floating bed, an aeration device and the like are arranged in the inland riverway, so that the landscape of the rural riverway can be improved.