阅读说明：本技术 一种转化水中波动能量的摩擦发电设备 (Friction power generation equipment for converting fluctuation energy in water ) 是由 冯亮 常俊玉 王振名 孟虎 于 2019-11-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种转化水中波动能量的摩擦发电设备,为一个或多个并联的可漂浮于水面上的摩擦纳米发电体,其组成包括中空的绝缘外壳、两个电极层、外表面带有吸附电子层的块体；于绝缘外壳的内壁面上设有两个相互间隔的电极层,于两个电极层上分别固定有用于与绝缘外壳外部的用电元件相连的导线；外表面带有吸附电子层的块体置于绝缘外壳的内部。摩擦纳米发电体在水面波浪带动下发生平移和转动,内部外表面带有吸附电子层的块体(3)会随之在壳内发生移动,进而产生摩擦电流,将水中波动能量转化为电能。该摩擦发电设备可以,为小型用电设备,如传感器、LED灯等供电,可用于水面上或船只内的便携式应用。(A friction power generation device for converting fluctuation energy in water is one or more parallel friction nano power generators capable of floating on the water surface, and comprises a hollow insulating shell, two electrode layers and a block body with an electron adsorption layer on the outer surface; two electrode layers which are mutually spaced are arranged on the inner wall surface of the insulating shell, and leads which are used for being connected with an electric element outside the insulating shell are respectively fixed on the two electrode layers; the block body with the electron adsorption layer on the outer surface is arranged in the insulating shell. The friction nano generator is driven by water surface waves to translate and rotate, and the block (3) with the adsorption electron layer on the inner outer surface can move in the shell along with the water surface waves, so that friction current is generated, and wave energy in water is converted into electric energy. The friction power generation equipment can supply power for small-sized electric equipment such as a sensor, an LED lamp and the like, and can be used for portable application on the water surface or in a ship.)

1. A friction power generating device for converting wave energy in water, characterized by: the friction nano power generator is one or more parallel friction nano power generators capable of floating on water surface and comprises a hollow insulating shell (1), two electrode layers (2) and a block body (3) with an electron adsorption layer on the outer surface; two electrode layers (2) which are mutually spaced are arranged on the inner wall surface of the shell (1), and leads which are used for being connected with an electric element outside the shell (1) are respectively fixed on the two electrode layers (2); the block (3) with the outer surface provided with the electron adsorption layer is arranged inside the shell (1).

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the volume of the block body (3) with the electron adsorption layer on the outer surface is 0.01-0.6 of the volume of the cavity in the insulating shell (1); the block (3) with the outer surface provided with the electron adsorption layer can roll in the cavity inside the insulating shell (1).

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: hollow insulating casing (1) is an insulating spherical shell, and spherical shell (1) material is: one or more than two of common polymers with good plasticity, such as polyacrylic acid (PMMA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), nylon (PA), and the like, the radius is 3-50cm, and the thickness is 0.2-2 mm.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the block body (3) with the electron adsorption layer on the outer surface is a spherical body, and the radius of the spherical body is 0.1-0.6 of the radius of the shell.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, 3 or 4, wherein: the material of the electron adsorption layer is one or more than two of the friction electric materials such as Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and the like. The electrode layer (2) is made of conductive materials such as gold, silver, copper and aluminum and can generate a triboelectric effect with the electron adsorption layer, and the distance between the two electrode layers is 0.2mm-3 cm.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: 1-1000 friction nano generators can be connected in parallel to improve the power generation power.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the electric element is one or more than two of a display device, a sensor and an LED lamp.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the friction nano generator is driven by water surface waves to translate and rotate, and the block (3) with the electronic adsorption layer on the inner outer surface can move in the shell along with the water surface waves, so that friction current is generated.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of self-powered energy conversion, in particular to a friction nano power generator for rapidly converting wave energy in water into electric energy.

Background

With the rapid development of industry, the negative effects of the industry are more and more remarkable, air pollution is an extremely important field, and the growth and reproduction of organisms and the normal life of human beings are greatly influenced. In 2006, the professor of wangzhonglin successfully developed a nano generator capable of directly converting weak mechanical energy in the environment into electric energy according to the piezoelectric performance of a ZnO semiconductor nano material, thereby realizing a new power generation mode capable of providing electric energy for micro-nano devices without an external power supply. Through continuous exploration, scientists in various countries have developed various nanometer generators based on characteristics of material piezoelectricity, thermoelectricity, triboelectricity and the like, and have become effective energy sources of nanometer devices and nanometer systems. The power generation can be applied to many fields, such as wearable electronic devices, mobile facility charging, large energy concept, and passive sensing which is most concerned.

The spherical nested friction nano generator is directly applied to self-powered equipment, is simple to prepare, low in price and special in structure, can convert wave energy in water into electric energy, and is beneficial to portable application on water surfaces or in ships.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to prepare a self-powered device capable of converting water fluctuation into electric energy, and the self-powered device is applied to power supply of a sensing part to realize a passive sensor capable of qualitatively detecting gas in real time. The method provides a visual signal through the display component, does not need an external power supply, and has very important significance for monitoring indoor and outdoor gas environments for a long time.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a friction power generating device for converting wave energy in water, characterized by: the friction nano power generator is one or more parallel friction nano power generators capable of floating on water surface and comprises a hollow insulating shell, two electrode layers and a block body with an electron adsorption layer on the outer surface; two electrode layers which are mutually spaced are arranged on the inner wall surface of the shell, and leads which are used for being connected with an electric element outside the shell are respectively fixed on the two electrode layers; the block with the electron adsorption layer on the outer surface is arranged in the shell.

The volume of the block body with the electron adsorption layer on the outer surface is 0.01-0.6 of the volume of the cavity in the insulating shell; the block body with the electron adsorption layer on the outer surface can roll in the cavity inside the insulating shell.

The hollow insulating shell is an insulating spherical shell, and the spherical shell is made of the following materials: one or more than two of common polymers with good plasticity, such as polyacrylic acid (PMMA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), nylon (PA), and the like, the radius is 3-50cm, and the thickness is 0.2-2 mm.

The block body with the outer surface provided with the electron adsorption layer is a spherical body, and the radius of the block body is 0.1-0.6 of the radius of the shell.

The apparatus, characterized in that: the material of the electron adsorption layer is one or more than two of the friction electric materials such as Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and the like. The electrode layers are made of conductive materials such as gold, silver, copper and aluminum and can generate a triboelectric effect with the electron adsorption layer, and the distance between the two electrode layers is 0.2mm-3 cm.

1-1000 friction nano generators can be connected in parallel to improve the power generation power.

The electric element is one or more than two of a display device, a sensor and an LED lamp.

The friction nano power generation body is driven by water surface waves to translate and rotate, and the block body with the electronic adsorption layer on the outer surface inside can move in the shell along with the water surface waves, so that friction current is generated.

The invention has the following advantages:

1. the self-powered device does not need an external power supply, can realize gas detection and early warning without the external power supply for a long time, and has important practical and research values for the technical field.

2. The method can convert the water wave energy into the electric energy at any time and any place, and is beneficial to the collection of the water surface energy in the environment.

3. The equipment is convenient to operate, simple to manufacture, low in price and suitable for wide application.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 shows the power generation signal of the triboelectricity nano-generator within 5 h.

FIG. 2 shows the specific structure and power generation principle of the friction nano-generator.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a triboelectric power generating device with multiple triboelectric nano-generator units connected in parallel.

FIG. 4 illustrates the generation of current variations for different parallel units of friction generating devices.

FIG. 5 illustrates the current variation produced by the friction generating device for different frequencies.

FIG. 6 is an overall configuration diagram of a friction power generating device in practical use as a sensor power source.

Detailed Description

Example 1.

The preparation of the friction nano generator unit comprises the following steps:

two electrode layers which are mutually spaced are prepared by taking a polypropylene resin hollow sphere with the radius of 4cm and the thickness of 0.5mm as an outer sphere and pasting the inner surface of the outer sphere by an aluminum foil adhesive tape, and the distance between the two electrodes is 0.8 cm. And the two electrode layers are respectively fixed with a lead wire which is used for being connected with an electric element outside the insulating shell. Then, a polytetrafluoroethylene solid ball with the radius of 2.5cm is placed in the insulating shell to serve as a storage layer of the nano-generator. And the shell is screwed tightly, so that the spherical friction nano generator is formed. The electricity generation signal of the friction nano electricity generator is extremely stable, and the current signal of the friction nano electricity generator is basically unchanged within 5h, as shown in figure 1. The power generation principle of the spherical friction nano-generator is shown in fig. 2.

Example 2.

A plurality of the triboelectric nano-generator units described in example 1 were connected in parallel to prepare a higher-power triboelectric power generation device. After 1-20 power generation units are connected in parallel, the circuit diagram of the friction power generation equipment is shown in fig. 3, and the change of the generated current after the parallel connection is shown in fig. 4. The more the number of parallel units is, the larger the generated current is. Meanwhile, the generated current is related to the water surface fluctuation frequency, and as shown in fig. 5, the larger the frequency, the larger the generated current.

Example 3.

The friction nanometer power generation equipment is applied to practice and is prepared into a self-powered sensing device, and the method comprises the following steps:

the energy conversion device described in example 1 was used as a power source, and was connected in series with a sensor and a display device, and the detailed circuit thereof was as shown in fig. 6. The display component comprises 12 red LED lamps and an adjustable resistor, and the adjustable resistor is adaptive to the power of the energy conversion component, so that the LED lamps can be smoothly lightened when the current in the circuit changes. The components are connected by leads. The sensing part is a resistance type ammonia gas sensor, and when ammonia gas is introduced, the resistance is reduced.

100ppm ammonia gas is introduced, and the number of the LED lamps is 4.

Example 4.

The production process as described in example 1, wherein a hollow rectangular parallelepiped of polymethyl terephthalate having dimensions of 10cm × 8cm × 6cm and a thickness of 1mm is used as the outer shell; preparing two electrode layers which are mutually spaced on the two opposite upper surfaces with the smallest inner surfaces by a copper foil tape pasting mode, wherein the distance between the two electrodes is 10 cm; the two electrode layers are respectively fixed with a lead wire which is used for being connected with an electric element outside the insulating shell; 2 polyvinylidene fluoride balls with the length of 3cm are used as electron adsorption layers to prepare the friction nano power generator. When the fluctuation frequency of the water surface is 1Hz, the electricity generation current of the friction nano electricity generator is 0.125 muA.

Example 5.

The preparation process as described in example 1, wherein a triboelectric nanogenerator was prepared using a polyvinyl chloride hollow sphere with a radius of 19cm and a thickness of 1.2mm as a shell and a polytetrafluoroethylene cube with 5 sides of 2cm as an electron-adsorbing layer. The internal cube can slide or roll between two electrodes in the hollow shell under the driving of water surface fluctuation, five friction nano generators are connected in parallel, and when the water surface fluctuation frequency is 2Hz, the peak current of the friction power generation equipment is about 0.750 muA.

Example 6.

The preparation method of example 1, wherein a nylon hollow sphere with a radius of 30cm and a thickness of 2mm is used as a shell, and 3 spheres with 5cm of surface coated with polydimethylsiloxane are used as electron-adsorbing layers to prepare the triboelectric nano-generator. When the water surface fluctuation frequency is 2Hz, the peak current of the friction generator is about 0.253 muA.