阅读说明：本技术 一种自适应供给瞬时冷却分块式结构化金刚石砂轮 (Self-adaptive supply instantaneous cooling block type structured diamond grinding wheel ) 是由 张晓红 段佳 尉迟广智 张松辉 王卓然 于 2020-12-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种自适应供给瞬时冷却分块式结构化金刚石砂轮,包括砂轮基体、执行机构、推进机构与瞬时冷却机构,其中,执行机构中磨削单元上表面为多种结构化图案,下表面设置有散热片。工作时,通过磨削单元与工件产生的切向磨削力挤压喷雾器,喷出纳米流体到工作区域,实现砂轮的瞬时冷却。本发明结构简单,当砂轮磨削单元产生磨损时可以通过替换相应的磨削单元来延长砂轮的寿命,降低生产成本,并且磨削单元的特殊表面结构有助于进一步增强冷却效果,提高工件的表面质量。(The invention discloses a self-adaptive supply instantaneous cooling block type structured diamond grinding wheel which comprises a grinding wheel base body, an executing mechanism, a propelling mechanism and an instantaneous cooling mechanism, wherein the upper surface of a grinding unit in the executing mechanism is provided with various structured patterns, and the lower surface of the grinding unit is provided with a radiating fin. When the grinding wheel works, the sprayer is extruded by the tangential grinding force generated by the grinding unit and the workpiece, and the nano fluid is sprayed to a working area, so that the grinding wheel is instantaneously cooled. The invention has simple structure, can prolong the service life of the grinding wheel by replacing the corresponding grinding unit when the grinding unit of the grinding wheel is worn, reduces the production cost, and the special surface structure of the grinding unit is beneficial to further enhancing the cooling effect and improving the surface quality of the workpiece.)

1. An adaptive supply instantaneous cooling segmented structured diamond grinding wheel is characterized in that: the grinding wheel mainly comprises a grinding wheel base body (1), an actuating mechanism (2), a propelling mechanism (3) and an instantaneous cooling mechanism (4). The grinding wheel rotates clockwise, the workpiece is processed by the execution mechanism (2), external cooling liquid is used for conveying a grinding area, when the increase of tangential grinding force exceeds a set threshold value, the execution mechanism (2) drives the propelling mechanism (3) to extrude the instantaneous cooling mechanism (4), and nano fluid is sprayed out to realize instantaneous cooling of the grinding area; the outer circumferential surface of the grinding wheel base body (1) is provided with a plurality of grooves, and the center of the grinding wheel base body is provided with an assembling hole; the grooves form an annular array structure on the grinding wheel base body (1); the grinding unit (2.1) in the actuating mechanism (2) is of an umbrella-shaped structure, the umbrella surface of the umbrella-shaped structure is of an arc shape, and the width of the umbrella surface is consistent with that of the grinding wheel. The upper surface is plated with a layer of diamond abrasive material, and then a structured pattern is formed by ablation through a laser processing technology, and the lower surface is provided with small holes which are connected with the radiating fin (2.4) through screws (2.7); the bottom of the grinding unit (2.1) is hinged with the push rod (2.3) through a hinge (2.2).

2. The adaptive feed instantaneous cooling segmented structured diamond wheel of claim 1, wherein: the material of the grinding unit (2.1) in the actuating mechanism (2) is aluminum alloy; the radiating fins (2.4) are made of copper and have a sheet structure.

3. The adaptive feed instantaneous cooling segmented structured diamond wheel of claim 2, wherein: according to different processing conditions and processing requirements, the grinding units (2.1) with different structured patterns are individually selected, the grinding units are flexibly arranged on the grinding wheel, and the grinding units (2.1) are detached after the grinding processing is finished and are recombined to form the grinding wheel for reuse in the next grinding processing.

4. The adaptive feed instantaneous cooling segmented structured diamond wheel of claim 1, wherein: the propelling mechanism (3) comprises an outer frame body (3.4), a main shaft (3.5), springs (3.6), a piston (3.3) and a nut (3.2), the left end of the main shaft (3.5) penetrates through the outer frame body (3.4), a plurality of springs (3.6) are arranged between the main shaft and the outer frame body (3.4), and the piston (3.3) is fixed on the main shaft (3.5) through the nut (3.2); when the sprayer works, the piston (3.3) compresses the spring (3.6) to drive the main shaft (3.5) to extrude the sprayer (4.1).

5. The adaptive feed instantaneous cooling segmented structured diamond wheel of claim 1, wherein: the number of springs (3.6) in the propulsion mechanism (3) is selected according to different workpiece materials, so that the tangential force threshold value is changed; when the workpiece material is difficult to process, the number of the springs (3.6) is increased; the number of springs (3.6) is reduced when the material of the workpiece is easier to machine.

6. The adaptive feed instantaneous cooling segmented structured diamond wheel of claim 1, wherein: the instantaneous cooling mechanism (4) comprises a sprayer (4.1) and an annular buckle (4.2), wherein the sprayer (4.1) is made of silica gel, is soft in texture and can be smoothly extruded; the top is provided with a small taper hole to control the discharge quantity. The instantaneous cooling mechanism (4) is internally provided with nano fluid.

7. The adaptive feed instantaneous cooling segmented structured diamond wheel of claim 1, wherein: the nano particles contained in the nano fluid in the instantaneous cooling mechanism (4) are molybdenum disulfide.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of grinding wheels, in particular to a self-adaptive supply instantaneous cooling block type structured diamond grinding wheel.

Technical Field

The grinding wheel is used as a soul of grinding processing, plays a core role in the grinding processing process and generally consists of an abrasive, a bonding agent and a shaft hole. The sectional type grinding wheel is used for processing a workpiece by adopting the detachable and replaceable grinding unit, and when the grinding unit is seriously abraded, the grinding unit can be replaced or repaired, so that the grinding wheel can recover the grinding performance, and the sectional type grinding wheel has the advantages of simplicity and convenience in detachment, long service life, low production cost and the like. At present, the segmented grinding wheel only adopts a single cooling mode of external cooling liquid input, the cooling efficiency is not high, timely response can not be made to complex working conditions appearing in the grinding process, in addition, due to the sealing performance of the gas barrier layer and the grinding area, the amount of effective grinding liquid which can effectively enter the grinding area is very limited, a large amount of heat accumulation and even heat damage of the grinding area are directly caused, and the performance and the processing effect of the grinding wheel are influenced.

The principle of the disclosed coated abrasive grain insert type brazing grinding wheel is that a plurality of radiating grooves are uniformly formed in the side walls of a grinding wheel base and a cover plate to promote the circulation of grinding liquid and enhance the heat exchange of a grinding area, and a diamond film is coated on the surface of a common abrasive to reduce the production cost, so that the grinding wheel solves the problems of heat dissipation and abrasion of the grinding wheel to a certain extent. However, the technical scheme still has the following problems: the cooling mode of the grinding wheel is not changed fundamentally, and a large amount of heat is accumulated and even heat damage is caused only by inputting external grinding fluid; the complex working conditions occurring in the grinding process of the grinding wheel do not respond in time, and the abrasion of the surface of the grinding wheel cannot be effectively reduced.

In conclusion, how to realize the effective, instantaneous and self-adaptive supply of the grinding fluid and the flexibility of the grinding wheel structure in the grinding process of the diamond grinding wheel becomes an unsolved problem to be solved urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a self-adaptive supply instant cooling segmented structured diamond grinding wheel, aiming at the technical problems that the grinding wheel is single in cooling mode, heat is accumulated, and the complex working conditions in the machining process cannot be responded in time.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an adaptive supply instantaneous cooling segmented structured diamond grinding wheel is characterized in that: the grinding wheel mainly comprises a grinding wheel base body, an executing mechanism, a propelling mechanism and an instantaneous cooling mechanism. The grinding wheel rotates clockwise, the workpiece is processed by the aid of the executing mechanism, external cooling liquid is used for conveying a grinding area, and when the tangential grinding force is increased to exceed a set threshold value, the executing mechanism drives the pushing mechanism to extrude the instantaneous cooling mechanism to spray nano fluid, so that instantaneous cooling of the grinding area is achieved; the outer circumferential surface of the grinding wheel base body is provided with a plurality of grooves, and the center of the grinding wheel base body is provided with an assembling hole; the grooves form an annular array structure on the grinding wheel base body; the grinding unit in the executing mechanism is of an umbrella-shaped structure, the umbrella surface of the executing mechanism is of an arc shape, and the width of the umbrella surface is consistent with that of the grinding wheel. The upper surface is plated with a layer of diamond abrasive material, and then is ablated by a laser processing technology to form a structured pattern, and the lower surface is provided with small holes which are connected with the radiating fin through screws; the bottom of the grinding unit is hinged with the push rod through a hinge.

Further, the material of the grinding unit in the actuating mechanism is aluminum alloy; the radiating fin is made of copper and has a sheet structure.

Furthermore, according to different processing conditions and processing requirements, grinding units with different structured patterns are selected individually and are flexibly arranged on the grinding wheel, and the grinding units are detached after the grinding processing is finished and are recombined to form the grinding wheel for reuse when the next grinding processing is finished.

Furthermore, the propulsion mechanism comprises an outer frame body, a main shaft, springs, a piston and nuts, wherein the left end of the main shaft penetrates through the outer frame body, a plurality of springs are arranged between the main shaft and the outer frame body, and the piston is fixed on the main shaft through the nuts; when the sprayer works, the piston compresses the spring to drive the main shaft to extrude the sprayer.

Further, the number of springs in the advancing mechanism is selected according to different workpiece materials, so that the tangential force threshold value is changed; when the workpiece material is difficult to process, the number of the springs is increased; the number of springs is reduced when the material of the workpiece is easier to process.

Further, the instantaneous cooling mechanism comprises a sprayer and an annular buckle, wherein the sprayer is made of silica gel, is soft in texture and can be smoothly extruded; the top is provided with a small taper hole to control the discharge quantity. The instantaneous cooling mechanism is internally provided with nanofluid.

Further, the nano-particles contained in the nano-fluid in the instantaneous cooling mechanism are molybdenum disulfide.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the grinding fluid is effectively supplied to the built-in self-adaptive sprayer, instantaneous cooling of a grinding area of the grinding wheel is increased on the basis of external conveying cooling, double cooling supply greatly improves cooling efficiency, and waste of the grinding fluid and abrasion of the grinding wheel are reduced. The surface of the grinding unit is ablated by a laser processing technology to form a structured pattern, the distribution state of the grinding fluid on the surface of the grinding wheel is homogenized by means of the gaps among the grinding units and the structured characteristics, the maximum effective flow is obtained, the chip containing space on the surface of the grinding wheel is enlarged, the cooling and lubricating conditions are improved, and the grinding temperature and the grinding subsurface damage are reduced.

2. The grinding fluid is supplied instantaneously, when the tangential grinding force exceeds a set threshold value, an instantaneous cooling mechanism is arranged in the grinding wheel to spray nano fluid in a grinding area, so that the instantaneous supply of the grinding fluid is realized, and the brittle-ductile domain removal transition critical condition of the material is changed fundamentally.

3. The grinding fluid is supplied in a self-adaptive mode, and the number of springs in the propelling mechanism determines the threshold value of the tangential grinding force. When the tangential grinding force exceeds a set threshold value, the sprayers in the instantaneous cooling mechanism spray the nano fluid. When the lubrication condition of the grinding area is improved and the tangential grinding force is smaller than a set threshold value, the sprayer stops spraying. The grinding fluid is supplied in a self-adaptive manner according to actual grinding conditions, and controllable and efficient supply of the nano fluid is guaranteed.

4. The grinding wheel structure is flexible, grinding units with different structured patterns are selected individually, and are flexibly arranged on the grinding wheel main body block, so that the requirements of different processing conditions and processing requirements are met. By replacing the grinding units with different widths, the grinding width of the grinding wheel can be changed, so that the condition of processing workpieces with different widths can be flexibly adapted. The 'flexibility' of the grinding wheel structure is realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an elevation view of an adaptive feed instantaneous cooling segmented structured diamond grinding wheel in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged, partial three-dimensional view of a grinding wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a grinding wheel base according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of an actuator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view and a sectional view of a propulsion mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of an instantaneous cooling mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The correspondence between the reference numbers and the names of the components in the above fig. 1 to 6 is: 1-grinding wheel base body, 1.1-groove, 2-actuating mechanism, 2.1-grinding unit, 2.2-hinge, 2.3-push rod, 2.4-radiating fin, 2.5-hinge bolt, 2.6-connecting rod, 2.7-screw, 3-propelling mechanism, 3.1-screw, 3.2-nut, 3.3-piston, 3.4-outer frame body, 3.5-main shaft, 3.6-spring, 4-instantaneous cooling mechanism, 4.1-sprayer and 4.2-annular buckle.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1, a front view of a self-adaptive supply instantaneous cooling segmented structured diamond grinding wheel mainly comprises a grinding wheel base body 1, an actuating mechanism 2, a propelling mechanism 3 and an instantaneous cooling mechanism 4.

Referring to fig. 3, a plurality of grooves 1.1 are formed in the outer circumferential surface of the grinding wheel base 1, the grooves 1.1 form an annular array structure with the center of the grinding wheel base 1, and a mounting hole is formed in the center of the grinding wheel base 1.

Referring to fig. 4, the actuator 2 includes a grinding unit 2.1, a heat sink 2.4, a push rod 2.3, and a connecting rod 2.6. The grinding unit 2.1 is an umbrella-shaped structure, the width of the grinding unit is consistent with that of a grinding wheel, a layer of diamond grinding material is plated on the upper surface of the grinding unit, various structured patterns are formed by ablation through a laser processing technology, and the lower surface of the grinding unit is connected with the radiating fin 2.4 through a screw 2.7; the upper part of the structure of the handle of the grinding unit 2.1 is provided with a connecting hole which is connected with the grinding wheel base body 1 by a hinged bolt 2.5; the radiating fins 2.4 are made of aluminum alloy and are sheet-shaped, so that the radiating can be accelerated when the grinding wheel works; one end of the push rod 2.3 is hinged with the bottom of the grinding unit 2.1, and the other end is hinged with the connecting rod 2.6 through a hinge 2.2; the other end of the connecting rod 2.6 is hinged with a main shaft 3.5 of the propelling mechanism 3 through a hinge 2.2, the middle part of the connecting rod is provided with a connecting hole, and the connecting rod is connected with the grinding wheel base body 1 through a hinged bolt 2.5.

Referring to fig. 5, the propelling mechanism 3 comprises an outer frame 3.4, a main shaft 3.5, a spring 3.6, a piston 3.3 and a nut 3.2. Wherein the outer frame body 3.4 is fixedly connected with the grinding wheel base body 1 through a screw 3.1, and the end part is provided with a hole; the left end of the main shaft 3.5 penetrates through the outer frame body 3.4, and a plurality of springs 3.6 are arranged between the main shaft and the outer frame body 3.4; the piston 3.3 is fixed on the main shaft 3.5 through a nut 3.2; the springs 3.6 are arranged between the outer frame body 3.4 and the piston 3.3, and the number of the springs 3.6 is increased or decreased according to different materials of the processed workpiece, so that different tangential grinding force thresholds are set. When the workpiece is difficult to machine, the number of the springs 3.6 is increased, and then the threshold value is increased; when the workpiece material is easier to machine, the threshold is lowered by reducing the number of springs 3.6.

Referring to fig. 6, the instantaneous cooling mechanism 4 comprises a sprayer 4.1 and an annular snap 4.2. Wherein, the annular buckle 4.2 is connected with the grinding wheel base body 1 through a screw, and the buckle clamps the sprayer 4.1 to realize the fixation of the extrusion spraying. The sprayer 4.1 is internally provided with nanometer fluid which is made of silica gel materials, the upper half part is conical, the lower half part is cylindrical, and the top part is provided with a small conical hole which can control the output of the nanometer fluid. Wherein the nano-particles contained in the nano-fluid are molybdenum disulfide. The syringe injector is used to replenish when there is insufficient nanofluid inside the nebulizer 4.1.

The grinding wheel is set to rotate clockwise in one direction due to the structural characteristics of the grinding wheel. When the grinding wheel works, the grinding unit 2.1 in the actuating mechanism 2 carries out grinding processing on the workpiece to generate tangential grinding force. Because the elastic coefficient of the spring is larger, when the grinding wheel works normally, the tangential grinding force is smaller, and the spring cannot be compressed. When the tangential grinding force is suddenly increased due to a complex working condition and reaches a threshold value, the grinding unit 2.1 rotates anticlockwise to drive the push rod 2.3 and the connecting rod 2.6 to push the main shaft 3.5 and the piston 3.3 to compress the spring 3.6, so that the sprayer 4.1 is extruded to spray nano fluid, instantaneous cooling of a grinding area of the grinding wheel is realized on the basis of conveying of external cooling liquid, the tangential grinding force is reduced, and the abrasion of the grinding wheel is reduced; when the tangential grinding force is reduced to be below the threshold value or the grinding unit 2.1 is disengaged from working, the spindle 3.5 moves rightwards to reset, and the sprayer 4.1 stops spraying the nano fluid.

While the principles of the invention have been described in detail in connection with the preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of exemplary implementations of the invention and are not limiting of the scope of the invention. The details of the embodiments are not to be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention, and any obvious changes, such as equivalent alterations, simple substitutions and the like, based on the technical solution of the invention, can be interpreted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.